Underwater hard rock breaking apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to underwater hard rock breaking equipment, which comprises a shell, a piston assembly and a driving assembly, the shell is provided with a cavity, the cavity comprises a water hammer cavity, a piston cavity and a breaking cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the periphery of the lower end of the shell is further provided with a through hole which is communicated with the breaking cavity, the piston assembly comprises a rod body and a piston head which is arranged at one end of the rod body, the piston head is movably arranged in the piston cavity, and the other end of the rod body extends into the breaking cavity; the driving assembly is arranged in the shell, and the driving assembly comprises a gas generating device and a first exhaust valve, the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are located at the connection position of the water hammer cavity and the piston cavity. The rock is broken through the water hammer effect and the incompressible characteristics of water, and compared with the existing underwater rock breaking device, the generated vibration noise and pollution discharge are smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock crushing equipment technology, and in particular to an underwater hard rock crushing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The current navigation capacity of domestic waterways is far from meeting the needs of economic and social development. The construction of national high-grade waterways and the national waterway network in the coming years urgently requires the expansion and upgrading of a large number of waterways to improve their capacity. To achieve these construction goals, the primary task is dredging the waterways. Dredging requires removing the sludge and gravel from the bottom surface of the waterway. Furthermore, in some areas, waterway improvement projects and numerous deep-channel excavation projects commonly encounter hard spots and large areas of bedrock.

[0003] Patent CN113566663B, in the field of carbon dioxide blasting construction technology, includes the following steps: S1, filling the detonating tube; S2, underwater surveying; S3, blasting drilling; S4, setting up the detonating tube; S5, detonation operation; S6, layered blasting. This underwater carbon dioxide blasting construction method uses reusable carbon dioxide detonating tubes instead of explosives. The liquid carbon dioxide inside the tube vaporizes under electrically heated conditions to form high-pressure gas. The blasting energy of this high-pressure gas works on the rock surrounding the borehole, causing it to fracture.

[0004] However, most of the current projects are upgrades and expansions of existing ports and waterways. The work areas are often adjacent to bridges, tunnels, wharves, water conservancy hubs and shore buildings. The aforementioned existing technologies pose safety risks to passing ships when carrying out blasting operations, and the degree of danger is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an underwater hard rock breaking equipment to solve the technical problem that existing technologies pose a high degree of safety risk to passing ships when carrying out blasting operations.

[0006] This invention provides an underwater hard rock breaking device, which includes:

[0007] The housing has a cavity extending vertically, the cavity including a water hammer chamber, a piston chamber and a crushing chamber connected sequentially from top to bottom, and a through hole communicating with the crushing chamber on the periphery of the lower end of the housing. The water hammer chamber is used to contain liquid medium.

[0008] A piston assembly includes a rod and a piston head disposed at one end of the rod. The piston head is movably installed in the piston chamber, and the other end of the rod extends into the crushing chamber, with the rod and the chamber wall of the crushing chamber in a sealing sliding fit.

[0009] A drive assembly is located around the periphery of the housing. The drive assembly includes a gas generator and a first exhaust valve. Both the gas generator and the first exhaust valve are located at the connection between the water hammer chamber and the piston chamber. The gas generator is used to input gas into the water hammer chamber and drive the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber to move upward. The first exhaust valve is used to discharge the gas in the water hammer chamber so that the liquid medium moves vertically downward under its own gravity, thereby driving the piston head to slide vertically downward.

[0010] Optionally, the underwater hard rock breaking equipment further includes a connector, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell and located at the connection between the water hammer chamber and the piston chamber. The connector is provided with a pressure building chamber, which is arranged in a ring shape and communicates with the cavity of the shell. The gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both located on the outer peripheral side wall of the pressure building chamber and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference.

[0011] Optionally, multiple gas generating devices are provided, and the multiple gas generating devices are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the pressure establishing chamber.

[0012] Optionally, the underwater hard rock breaking equipment further includes a locking assembly, which is disposed in the piston chamber and cooperates with the piston assembly. When the gas generating device inputs air into the water hammer chamber, the locking assembly restricts the piston assembly from moving vertically downward when the driving assembly drives the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber to move upward, and releases the restriction on the piston assembly when the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber moves vertically downward under its own gravity.

[0013] Optionally, a boss is provided around the middle of the rod;

[0014] The locking assembly includes multiple locking elements and a driving mechanism. The multiple locking elements are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the rod. Each locking element is movably disposed in the piston cavity in the direction approaching and away from the rod, so that when the locking element moves towards the direction approaching the rod, the upper side of the locking element abuts against the lower side of the boss to restrict the vertical downward movement of the rod. The driving mechanism is connected to the multiple locking elements respectively to synchronously drive the locking elements to move.

[0015] Optionally, the through holes are provided in multiple locations; and / or,

[0016] The lower end of the housing is conical.

[0017] Optionally, the underwater hard rock breaking equipment further includes a partition plate disposed in the piston chamber to divide the piston chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber arranged from top to bottom. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the partition plate, the piston head is located in the first chamber, the rod passes through the connecting hole and is slidably sealed with the connecting hole.

[0018] Optionally, the partition is provided with a medium channel connecting the first chamber and the second chamber;

[0019] The underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a first one-way valve, which is located in the medium channel and is used to allow the medium in the first chamber to flow to the second chamber.

[0020] Optionally, the underwater hard rock breaking equipment further includes a second exhaust valve, which is disposed in the housing and located at the lower end of the first chamber. The second exhaust valve is used to discharge the gas in the first chamber to the outside.

[0021] Optionally, the housing is further provided with a water injection hole communicating with the crushing chamber, and a second one-way valve is provided in the water injection hole. The second one-way valve is used to allow external liquid media to flow into the crushing chamber.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the underwater hard rock breaking equipment provided by the present invention has a shell with a water hammer chamber, a piston chamber and a breaking chamber connected sequentially from top to bottom, and a through hole connecting the breaking chamber. The piston head is movably installed in the piston chamber, and the lower end of the rod extends into the breaking chamber. The gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both located on the side wall of the pressure building chamber, that is, the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are located at the lower end of the water hammer chamber. The gas generating device is used to generate gas and deliver gas into the water hammer chamber, while the first exhaust valve is used to discharge gas from the water hammer chamber. In specific use, a hole is first drilled in the hard rock, and then the lower end of the device is extended into the hole in the rock, that is, the cavity section of the breaking chamber is located in the hole in the rock. The surrounding water fills the breaking chamber through the through hole, and at the same time, liquid medium is injected into the water hammer chamber. Then, the gas generating device is started to deliver gas into the water hammer chamber, the first exhaust valve is in the closed state, and the locking component is in the state of restricting the movement of the piston component. By inputting gas, the liquid... The medium gradually rises within the water hammer chamber. According to Newton's second law, the gas exerts a downward reaction force on the device. Driven by this reaction force, the device impacts downwards, causing concentrated stress on the rock at the tip of the stress drill rod, leading to cracks. Once the liquid medium reaches a set height, the first exhaust valve and locking assembly open. Under its own gravity, the liquid medium falls and acts on the piston head, driving the rod to move vertically downwards, compressing the water within the crushing chamber. Due to the incompressibility of water, the water in the crushing chamber is expelled through the through-holes under pressure, acting on the surrounding rocks to generate significant tensile stress, thus achieving rock crushing. This invention utilizes the water hammer effect and the incompressibility of water to crush rocks, offering a high safety factor and eliminating safety risks to passing vessels. It avoids the use of explosives to crush rocks, solving the high safety risks and hazards associated with blasting operations in existing technologies. Compared to existing underwater reef crushing devices, it produces less vibration, noise, and pollution emissions.

[0023] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail in the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the underwater hard rock crushing equipment provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front sectional view of underwater hard rock breaking equipment;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Partial cross-sectional view of underwater hard rock breaking equipment;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of another part of the underwater hard rock breaking equipment;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Top sectional view of underwater hard rock breaking equipment;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of another part of the underwater hard rock breaking equipment;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking assembly;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Top view of the locking component;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the piston assembly.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1-Shell, 11-First shell section, 111-Water hammer chamber, 12-Second shell section, 121-Piston chamber, 1211-First chamber, 1212-Second chamber, 13-Stress rod, 131-Break chamber, 132-Through hole, 133-Water injection hole, 14-Sliding column, 2-Piston assembly, 21-Rod body, 211-Boss, 22-Piston head, 3-Drive assembly, 31-Gas generator, 32-First exhaust valve, 4-Connecting piece, 41-Pressure building chamber, 5-Locking assembly, 51-Locking piece, 52-Drive gear, 53-Intermediate gear, 54-Driven gear, 55-Rack, 56-Drive motor, 6-Baffle plate, 61-Media channel, 71-First check valve, 72-Second exhaust valve, 73-Second check valve, 8-Pressure detection equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This underwater hard rock breaking equipment includes a shell 1, a piston assembly 2, and a drive assembly 3. The shell 1 has a cavity extending vertically, which includes a water hammer chamber 111, a piston chamber 121, and a breaking chamber 131 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A through hole 132 communicating with the breaking chamber 131 is also provided on the lower periphery of the shell 1. The water hammer chamber 111 is used to contain a liquid medium. The piston assembly 2 includes a rod 21 and a piston head 22 located at one end of the rod 21. The piston head 22 is movably installed in the piston chamber 121, and the other end of the rod 21 extends into the breaking chamber 131. The wall of the crushing chamber 131 is slidably sealed; the driving assembly 3 is disposed on the housing 1, and the driving assembly 3 includes a gas generating device 31 and a first exhaust valve 32. The gas generating device 31 and the first exhaust valve 32 are both located at the connection between the water hammer chamber 111 and the piston chamber 121. The gas generating device 31 is used to input gas into the water hammer chamber 111 and drive the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber 111 to move upward. The first exhaust valve 32 is used to discharge the gas in the water hammer chamber 111 so that the liquid medium moves vertically downward under its own gravity, thereby driving the piston head 22 to slide vertically downward.

[0038] The underwater hard rock crushing equipment provided by this invention has a housing 1 having a water hammer chamber 111, a piston chamber 121, and a crushing chamber 131 connected sequentially from top to bottom, with a through hole 132 connecting the crushing chamber 131. A piston head 22 is slidably mounted within the piston chamber 121, and the lower end of a rod 21 extends into the crushing chamber 131. A gas generating device 31 and a first exhaust valve 32 are both located at the connection between the water hammer chamber 111 and the piston chamber 121; that is, the gas generating device 31 and the first exhaust valve 32 are located at the lower end of the water hammer chamber 111. The gas generating device 31 is used to generate... Gas is generated and supplied to the water hammer chamber 111, while the first exhaust valve 32 is used to discharge the gas from the water hammer chamber 111. In specific use, a hole is first drilled in the hard rock, and then the lower end of the housing 1 is inserted into the hole in the rock, that is, the cavity section of the crushing chamber 131 is located in the hole in the rock. The surrounding water fills the crushing chamber 131 through the through hole 132, and at the same time, liquid medium is injected into the water hammer chamber 111. Then, the gas generating device 31 is started to supply gas into the water hammer chamber 111, the first exhaust valve 32 is in the closed state, and the locking assembly is in the closed state. 5. The piston assembly 2 is in a state of restricted movement. Gas is input to gradually lift the liquid medium within the water hammer chamber 111. According to Newton's second law, the gas exerts a downward force on the device. Driven by this reaction force, the device impacts downwards. The tip of the stress rod 13 concentrates stress on the rock, causing cracks. After the liquid medium rises to a set height, the first exhaust valve 32 is opened. Under its own weight, the liquid medium falls and acts on the piston head 22, driving the rod 21 to move vertically downwards, compressing the crushing chamber 1. The water in the crushing chamber 131, due to its incompressibility, is forced out through the through-hole 132 under pressure, acting on the surrounding rocks to generate significant tensile stress, thereby crushing the rocks. This invention utilizes the water hammer effect and the incompressibility of water to crush rocks, resulting in a high safety factor and eliminating safety risks to passing vessels. It avoids the use of explosives to crush rocks, solving the technical problem of the high safety risks and dangers posed to passing vessels by existing explosive operations. Compared to existing underwater reef crushing devices, it produces less vibration, noise, and pollution emissions.

[0039] It should be noted that the diameter of the borehole in the hard rock is matched with the diameter of the lower part of the housing 1, and after the lower part of the housing 1 extends into the hole in the rock, the open portion of the hole is sealed to improve the crushing effect. Furthermore, the gas generating device 31 is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] It is understood that the liquid medium in the water hammer cavity 111 can be injected by means of a liquid pump, etc. The liquid medium occupies about one-third of the volume of the water hammer cavity 111 to ensure that there is space for the liquid medium to rise in the upper part of the water hammer cavity 111. In this embodiment, the liquid medium is water.

[0041] Furthermore, the specific shapes of the water hammer chamber 111, the piston chamber 121, and the crushing chamber 131 are not limited here. They can be arranged in the shape of a regular prism or a cylinder. In this embodiment, the water hammer chamber 111, the piston chamber 121, and the crushing chamber 131 are all arranged in a cylindrical shape. For ease of understanding, the following embodiments will be described with the water hammer chamber 111, the piston chamber 121, and the crushing chamber 131 all arranged in a cylindrical shape.

[0042] Furthermore, the diameters of the water hammer chamber 111, the piston chamber 121, and the crushing chamber 131 are affected by the rated output power of the device; a larger diameter can achieve higher output power. In this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 2 The diameter of the water hammer chamber 111 is larger than the diameter of the piston chamber 121, and the diameter of the piston chamber 121 is much larger than the diameter of the crushing chamber 131.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper end of the housing 1 is open, that is, the upper end of the water hammer cavity 111 is connected to the external atmospheric environment.

[0044] Furthermore, the specific form of the housing 1 is not limited. It can be integrally formed, or the housing 1 can include a first housing section 11, a second housing section 12, and a stress rod 13 connected in a sealed manner from top to bottom by bolts and nuts. The connections of the first housing section 11, the second housing section 12, and the stress rod 13 are all sealed. The first housing section 11, the second housing section 12, and the stress rod 13 are all provided with cavities. The cavity of the first housing section 11 constitutes the water hammer cavity 111, the cavity of the second housing section 12 constitutes the piston cavity 121, and the cavity of the stress rod 13 constitutes the crushing cavity 131.

[0045] Furthermore, since the gas generator 31 requires fuel to operate, for ease of installation and fuel replacement of the gas generator 31, and to facilitate the establishment of upward pressure of the generated gas on the liquid medium, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 3The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a connector 4, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell 1 and located at the connection between the water hammer chamber 111 and the piston chamber 121. The connector 4 is provided with a pressure building chamber 41, which is arranged in a ring shape and communicates with the cavity of the shell 1. The gas generating device 31 and the first exhaust valve 32 are both provided on the outer peripheral sidewall of the pressure building chamber 41 and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. Specifically, the outer periphery of the connector 4 is provided with a mounting hole that communicates with the pressure building chamber 41. The mounting hole is adapted to the gas generator 31, and the gas generator 31 is detachably installed in the mounting hole. Since the connector 4 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing 1, the annular cavity 41 is arranged around the outer periphery of the water hammer chamber 111, and the gas generator 31 is located on the outer periphery of the connector 4. Therefore, the gas generator 31 can communicate with the water hammer chamber 111 and is located on the outermost side of the entire device. This arrangement facilitates the installation of the gas generator 31 and the replacement of the fuel of the gas generator 31.

[0046] Furthermore, the connection method between the connector 4 and the housing 1 is not limited. In this embodiment, the connector 4 is fixedly connected to the first housing segment 11, and the connector 4 is detachably connected to the second housing segment 12. This arrangement facilitates the transportation of the entire device.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the gas input into the water hammer chamber 111 acts uniformly on the liquid medium within the water hammer chamber 111, in this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 1 Multiple gas generating devices 31 are provided, and these multiple gas generating devices 31 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connecting member 4. Specifically, the multiple gas generating devices 31 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the connecting member 4, and the pressure building chamber 41 is uniformly arranged in a ring shape. Therefore, the multiple gas generating devices 31 can uniformly input gas into the water hammer chamber 111 from the circumference, making the force of the gas acting on the liquid medium more uniform, and achieving the purpose of uniformly pushing the liquid medium to move vertically upward.

[0048] Furthermore, since the pressure building chamber 41 is connected to the water hammer chamber 111, and the water hammer chamber 11 and the piston chamber 121 are in a connected state, when the gas generating device 31 inputs gas into the water hammer chamber 111, the gas can also exert a downward force on the piston head 22, which is not conducive to the gas pushing the liquid medium. Therefore, in this embodiment, please refer to... Figures 5 to 8The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a locking component 5, which is disposed in the piston chamber 121 and cooperates with the piston assembly 2. When the gas generating device 31 inputs gas into the water hammer chamber 111, the locking component 5 restricts the piston assembly 2 from moving vertically downward when the driving component 3 drives the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber 111 to move upward, and releases the restriction on the piston assembly 2 when the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber 111 moves vertically downward under its own gravity. With this configuration, when the gas generating device 31 inputs gas into the water hammer chamber 111, the locking component 5 can restrict the piston assembly 2 from moving vertically downward, thereby counteracting the force of the gas on the piston head 22. When the liquid medium falls, the locking component 5 can release the restriction on the piston assembly 2, allowing the piston head 22 to move vertically downward under the action of the liquid medium. By setting the locking component 5, the piston assembly 2 has two states: locked and active. In the locked state, the piston assembly 2 can act as a force transmission component to transmit the force generated by the gas. In the active state, the piston assembly 2 can act as a mechanical component to transmit the work done by the water hammer. That is, when the piston assembly 2 is in the locked state, the piston head 22 can act as a separating component between the water hammer chamber 111 and the piston chamber 121. In the active state, the piston assembly 2 can sense the water hammer effect and convert it into the mechanical energy of the rod 21.

[0049] Specifically, the specific form of the locking component 5 is not limited; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 7 to 9 The rod body 21 has a boss 211 circumferentially arranged in the middle. The locking assembly 5 includes a plurality of locking members 51 and a driving mechanism. The plurality of locking members 51 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rod body 21. Each locking member 51 is movably disposed in the piston cavity 121 in the direction approaching and away from the rod body 21, so that when the locking member 51 moves toward the direction approaching the rod body 21, the upper side of the locking member 51 abuts against the lower side of the boss 211 to restrict the vertical downward movement of the rod body 21. The driving mechanism is connected to the plurality of locking members 51 respectively to drive the locking members 51 to move synchronously through the driving mechanism. In practical use, when it is necessary to lock the piston assembly 2, the driving mechanism drives multiple locking members 51 to move synchronously towards the rod 21, so that all the locking members 51 abut against the boss 211. The blocking effect of the locking members 51 restricts the vertical downward movement of the piston assembly 2. When it is necessary to unlock the locking assembly 5, the driving mechanism drives multiple locking members 51 to move away from the rod 21, so that the locking members 51 disengage from the boss 211.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The piston chamber 121 is provided with a sliding column 14, which extends horizontally. There are two locking members 51, which are located on opposite sides of the rod 21. Both locking members 51 are slidably mounted on the sliding column 14, so that each locking member 51 has a travel distance towards and away from the rod 21.

[0051] Furthermore, for an embodiment where two locking members 51 are provided, please refer to [link to embodiment]. Figures 7 to 8 The drive mechanism includes a drive gear 52, an intermediate gear 53, two driven gears 54, two racks 55, and a drive motor 56. The two racks 55 are respectively connected to the two locking members 51. The two driven gears 54 are rotatably mounted in the piston cavity 121 along a vertical axis, and each driven gear 54 meshes with one of the two racks 55. The intermediate gear 53 and the drive gear 52 are both rotatably mounted in the piston cavity 121 along a vertical axis. The intermediate gear 53 meshes with the drive gear 52 and also meshes with one of the driven gears 54. Wheel 52 meshes with another driven gear 54. The drive motor 56 is fixedly installed in the piston chamber 121. The main shaft of the drive motor 56 extends vertically downward. The main shaft of the drive motor 56 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 52. In actual use, the drive motor 56 rotates, driving the driving gear 52 to rotate. The driving gear 52 meshes with the intermediate gear 53 and one of the driven gears 54 respectively. The intermediate gear 53 meshes with the other driven gear 54 and rotates. The two driven gears 54 respectively drive the two racks 55 to move, thereby driving the two locking members 51 to move closer and further away from each other.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to better restrict the movement of the piston assembly 2, an inwardly stepped surface is formed at the connection between the second shell section 12 and the stress rod 13. The locking member 51 extends vertically, and the lower end of the locking member 51 abuts against the stepped surface. With this arrangement, the force exerted by the piston assembly 2 on the locking member 51 is transmitted to the stepped surface by the locking member 51, avoiding the sliding column 14 from directly bearing the force generated by the piston assembly 2. This makes the locking member 51 more secure and better restricts the movement of the piston assembly 2.

[0053] Furthermore, please see Figure 3In order to prevent the piston assembly 2 from moving vertically upward and penetrating into the water hammer cavity 111, a stop protrusion is formed on the side wall of the upper end of the second shell section 12. The stop protrusion is used to restrict the piston head 22 from moving vertically upward and disengaging from the piston cavity 121.

[0054] Furthermore, the number of through holes 132 is not limited. In this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 4 The through holes 132 are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple through holes 132 are arranged at intervals along the axial and radial directions of the stress drill rod 13. This arrangement can generate force on the surrounding rocks and improve the crushing efficiency.

[0055] Further, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The lower end of the shell 1 is conical. This design allows the conical tip to concentrate stress on the rock under the force of the gas acting in the opposite direction, further improving the crushing effect.

[0056] Furthermore, since the rod 21 moves vertically downwards and acts on the water in the crushing chamber 131, it will increase the pressure in the piston chamber 121, thereby affecting the movement of the piston head 22. Therefore, in this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 6 The underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a partition 6, which is disposed in the piston chamber 121 to divide the piston chamber 121 into a first chamber 1211 and a second chamber 1212 arranged from top to bottom. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the partition 6. The piston head 22 is located in the first chamber 1211, and the rod 21 passes through the connecting hole and is slidably sealed with the connecting hole. The partition 6 divides the piston chamber 121 into the first chamber 1211 and the second chamber 1212. The second chamber 1212 communicates with the crushing chamber 131, while the piston head 22 moves within the first chamber 1211. This arrangement ensures that the pressure in the crushing chamber 131 is only transmitted to the second chamber 1212 and does not affect the first chamber 1211, thus avoiding any impact on the movement of the piston head 22.

[0057] Furthermore, since the first chamber 1211 is connected to the water hammer chamber 111, during the movement of the liquid medium, the liquid medium will inevitably pass through the piston head 22 and permeate into the first chamber 1211 to form accumulated liquid. Therefore, in this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 6The partition 6 is provided with a medium channel 61 connecting the first chamber 1211 and the second chamber 1212. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a first one-way valve 71, which is disposed within the medium channel 61. The first one-way valve 71 is used to allow the medium in the first chamber 1211 to flow to the second chamber 1212. This arrangement allows the accumulated liquid in the first chamber 1211 to be drained into the second chamber 1212 through the medium channel 61 and the first one-way valve 71, avoiding any impact on the movement of the piston head 22. Furthermore, due to the one-way nature of the first one-way valve 71, it also ensures that gas in the second chamber 1212 cannot be transmitted into the first chamber 1211.

[0058] Further, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a second exhaust valve 72, which is located on the housing 1 at the lower end of the first chamber 1211. The second exhaust valve 72 is used to discharge the gas in the first chamber 1211 to the outside. This configuration allows the gas in the first chamber 1211 to be discharged through the second exhaust valve 72 when the piston head 22 moves vertically downwards, preventing air resistance during piston head 22 movement.

[0059] Further, please see Figure 4 To ensure that the crushing chamber 131 is filled with water, the housing 1 is also provided with a water injection hole 133 communicating with the crushing chamber 131. A second one-way valve 73 is provided in the water injection hole 133. The second one-way valve 73 is used to allow external liquid media to flow into the crushing chamber 131. Water can be injected into the crushing chamber 131 in a timely manner through the water injection hole 133 to ensure that the crushing chamber 131 is filled with water during operation, thereby improving the crushing effect. The second one-way valve 73 is also provided to prevent water in the crushing chamber 131 from flowing to the outside through the water injection hole 133.

[0060] Further, please see Figures 1 to 3 The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a pressure detection device 8, which is located on the connector 4. The pressure detection device 8 is used to detect pressure changes in the water hammer chamber 111. Specifically, the connector 4 is provided with a mounting through hole 132, which connects to the pressure building chamber 41. The pressure detection device 8 is installed in the mounting through hole 132 and partially extends into the pressure building chamber 41.

[0061] Furthermore, the underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the gas generating device 31, the first exhaust valve 32, the second exhaust valve 72, the drive motor 56, and the pressure detection device 8. The control device is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater hard rock crushing device, characterized in that, It includes: The housing has a cavity extending vertically, the cavity including a water hammer chamber, a piston chamber and a crushing chamber connected sequentially from top to bottom, and a through hole communicating with the crushing chamber on the periphery of the lower end of the housing. The water hammer chamber is used to contain liquid medium. A piston assembly includes a rod and a piston head disposed at one end of the rod. The piston head is movably installed in the piston chamber, and the other end of the rod extends into the crushing chamber, with the rod and the chamber wall of the crushing chamber in a sealing sliding fit. A drive assembly is located around the housing. The drive assembly includes a gas generator and a first exhaust valve. Both the gas generator and the first exhaust valve are located at the connection between the water hammer chamber and the piston chamber. The gas generator is used to input gas into the water hammer chamber and drive the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber to move upward. The first exhaust valve is used to discharge the gas in the water hammer chamber so that the liquid medium moves vertically downward under its own gravity, thereby driving the piston head to slide vertically downward. The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a locking assembly, which is located in the piston chamber and cooperates with the piston assembly. When the gas generator inputs air into the water hammer chamber, the locking assembly restricts the piston assembly from moving vertically downward when the drive assembly drives the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber to move upward, and releases the restriction on the piston assembly when the liquid medium in the water hammer chamber moves vertically downward under its own gravity. The rod body is provided with a boss in the middle section; The locking assembly includes multiple locking elements and a driving mechanism. The multiple locking elements are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the rod. Each locking element is movably disposed in the piston cavity in the direction approaching and away from the rod, so that when the locking element moves towards the direction approaching the rod, the upper side of the locking element abuts against the lower side of the boss to restrict the vertical downward movement of the rod. The driving mechanism is connected to the multiple locking elements respectively to synchronously drive the locking elements to move.

2. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a connector, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell and located at the connection between the water hammer chamber and the piston chamber. The connector is provided with a pressure building chamber, which is arranged in a ring shape and communicates with the cavity of the shell. The gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both located on the outer periphery side wall of the pressure building chamber and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference.

3. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas generating device is provided in multiple units, and the multiple gas generating devices are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the pressure establishing chamber.

4. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-holes are provided in multiple locations; and / or, The lower end of the housing is conical.

5. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a partition plate disposed in the piston chamber to divide the piston chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber arranged from top to bottom. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the partition plate. The piston head is located in the first chamber. The rod passes through the connecting hole and is slidably sealed with the connecting hole.

6. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The partition is provided with a medium channel connecting the first chamber and the second chamber; The underwater hard rock crushing equipment also includes a first one-way valve, which is located in the medium channel and is used to allow the medium in the first chamber to flow to the second chamber.

7. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The underwater hard rock breaking equipment also includes a second exhaust valve, which is located in the housing and at the lower end of the first chamber. The second exhaust valve is used to discharge the gas in the first chamber to the outside.

8. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with a water injection hole that connects to the crushing chamber. A second one-way valve is provided in the water injection hole. The second one-way valve is used to allow external liquid media to flow into the crushing chamber.

Images