Small seed automatic seeder

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of seed drills, and specifically provides an automatic seed drill for small-particle seeds, comprising: a frame, a traction mechanism, a guide slide rail, a seeding barrel, a driving mechanism, a seeding head, a hopper body, a discharging barrel and a discharging mechanism, wherein the traction mechanism is arranged on the frame; the guide slide rail is arranged on the frame in a vertical direction; the seeding barrel passes through the frame and is slidably connected to the frame, and is slidably connected to the guide slide rail; the driving mechanism is connected to the seeding barrel; the seeding head is detachably connected to the bottom end of the seeding barrel and is communicated with the inner cavity of the seeding barrel; the hopper body is arranged above the seeding barrel; the discharging barrel is arranged at the bottom end of the hopper body, is communicated with the inner cavity of the hopper body, and is arranged directly above the seeding barrel; the discharging mechanism is arranged at the discharging barrel; the present invention effectively solves the problems in the prior art of low automation of shovel-type seeders and the unsuitability of large-scale intelligent seeders for sowing in small grain fields of farmers, thereby achieving the purpose of improving sowing efficiency and low production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seed drills, in particular to an automatic seed drill for small-particle seeds. Background Art

[0002] Currently, small seed drills include shovel-type seed drills, such as the invention patent with publication number CN109362287B, entitled "A New Agricultural Shovel for Seeding," which discloses the structure of a shovel-type seed drill. Although this shovel-type seed drill has a simple and practical structure, it has a low degree of automation and low seeding efficiency. Large seed drills are large in size, have high production costs, and are expensive. Small-scale grain fields of farmers mostly plant small-grain seeds, such as rapeseed and cabbage seeds. Large seed drills are not suitable for seeding in small-scale grain fields of farmers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an automatic seeder for small-particle seeds, which is used to solve the problems in the prior art that shovel-type seeders have a low degree of automation and that large intelligent seeders are not suitable for sowing in small grain fields of farmers, thereby achieving the purpose of improving sowing efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0004] The present invention provides an automatic seeder for small-particle seeds, comprising:

[0005] frame;

[0006] Traction mechanism: provided on the frame, used for pulling the seeder as a whole;

[0007] Guide rail: arranged on the frame in a vertical direction;

[0008] Seeding cylinder: penetrates the frame and is slidably connected to the frame, and is slidably connected to the guide rail;

[0009] Driving mechanism: connected to the sowing cylinder, used to drive the sowing cylinder to reciprocate along the guide rail;

[0010] Seeding head: detachably connected to the bottom end of the seeding cylinder, communicated with the inner cavity of the seeding cylinder, and used to transfer the material in the seeding cylinder to the ground when the seeding cylinder is at the lowest position;

[0011] Hopper body: arranged above the sowing cylinder;

[0012] Discharge cylinder: arranged at the bottom end of the hopper body, connected with the inner cavity of the hopper body, and arranged just above the sowing cylinder;

[0013] Discharge mechanism: It is arranged at the discharge cylinder and can contact the top of the sowing cylinder when the sowing cylinder slides upward to a certain height. It is used to open and close the discharge and can control the discharge amount as the sowing cylinder rises to different heights.

[0014] According to the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention, the discharging mechanism includes:

[0015] Inner bushing: slidably arranged on the inner wall of the discharge barrel;

[0016] Retaining ring: slidingly sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel;

[0017] First connecting rods: multiple and circumferentially arranged, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the retaining ring;

[0018] A first compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel, with one end pressing against the retaining ring and the other end pressing against the hopper body;

[0019] Discharge door: comprising a door plate and a support rod, wherein the door plate is arranged at the bottom opening of the hopper body and forms a closed fit with the opening, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the door plate;

[0020] Second connecting rods: there are multiple second connecting rods, all of which are arranged circumferentially around the door panel axis, one end of which is fixedly connected to the support rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve;

[0021] A plurality of first sliding grooves corresponding to the first connecting rods are axially opened on the discharging barrel, and the first connecting rods pass through the first sliding grooves and can slide in the first sliding grooves.

[0022] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention further comprises:

[0023] Contact block: fixedly mounted on the guide rail;

[0024] The sowing cylinder comprises:

[0025] Inner cylinder: the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cylinder;

[0026] Outer cylinder: sleeved on the inner cylinder, with a portion of the outer cylinder fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and a gap between the other portion of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder forming a stretching chamber, a first compression chamber is further defined at the upper end of the stretching chamber, a second chute is defined on one side wall of the first compression chamber, and the first compression chamber is connected to the outside through the second chute;

[0027] A shift rod slider is disposed in the first compression chamber and is capable of sliding in the first compression chamber. The shift rod of the shift rod slider passes through the second sliding groove and extends to the outside.

[0028] A second compression spring is disposed in the first compression chamber, with one end pressing against the upper end surface of the slider of the shifting rod and the other end pressing against the top surface of the first compression chamber;

[0029] Pull rod: arranged in the stretching cavity, one end of which extends into the first compression cavity and is rotatably connected to the shift rod slider, and the other end of which is provided with a first external thread;

[0030] The seeding head comprises:

[0031] Wedge-shaped box: with openings at both ends, one opening being detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner cylinder;

[0032] Baffle: Slidingly connected to the other end opening of the wedge-shaped box, used to cover the opening, and the top end is threadedly connected to the pull rod;

[0033] The sliding stroke of the shift rod slider in the first compression chamber is consistent with the sliding stroke of the baffle, and when the seeding cylinder moves to the lowest point, the baffle is fully opened.

[0034] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention:

[0035] The driving mechanism comprises:

[0036] Speed ​​regulating motor: installed on the frame;

[0037] Reduction gear set: connected to the speed regulating motor;

[0038] Cam: connected to the reduction gear set;

[0039] Connecting rod: one end is rotatably connected to the cam, and the other end is hinged to the seeding cylinder;

[0040] The sowing cylinder also includes:

[0041] Lifting cylinder: a second external thread is provided at the bottom end, and is threadedly connected to the top end of the sowing cylinder;

[0042] Locking nut: threadedly connected to the second external thread.

[0043] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention further includes an irrigation mechanism, which is arranged on the frame and is used to irrigate once each time the seeding head transfers material.

[0044] According to the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention, the irrigation mechanism includes:

[0045] Water storage tank: arranged on the frame;

[0046] A water spray head assembly is arranged on the frame and connected to the water tank pipe, and the water spraying direction of the water spray head assembly is toward the sowing head;

[0047] Power assembly: connected to the water tank, providing power for the liquid in the water tank to flow to the sprinkler head assembly and spray out;

[0048] Switch mechanism: provided on the seeding cylinder and the sprinkler head assembly, and used for controlling the opening and closing of the sprinkler head assembly.

[0049] According to the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention, the power assembly includes:

[0050] Air pump: arranged on the frame and connected to the inner cavity tube of the water tank;

[0051] A first controller: electrically connected to the air pump;

[0052] Air pressure sensor: provided on the water storage tank, used to monitor the air pressure in the inner cavity of the water storage tank;

[0053] Processor: electrically connected to the first controller and the air pressure sensor respectively.

[0054] According to the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention, the switch mechanism includes:

[0055] Active pressing member: provided on the sowing cylinder and capable of reciprocating along with the sowing cylinder;

[0056] The nozzle housing is formed with a second compression chamber, a flow channel and a slide channel. One end of the flow channel is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the flow channel is connected to the nozzle of the sprinkler head assembly. The slide channel is vertically connected to the flow channel.

[0057] Passive pressing member: partially disposed in the second compression chamber, slidably connected to the inner wall of the second compression chamber, and capable of being pressed by the active pressing member;

[0058] A third compression spring is provided between the passive pressing member and the nozzle housing, and is used to provide an upward elastic force to the passive pressing member;

[0059] Ball valve: connected to the passive pressing member through a push rod, and slidably arranged in the slideway. When the passive pressing member is in a top stationary state, the ball valve can block the liquid in the flow channel from passing through.

[0060] According to the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention, a buffer gas tank is provided between the water tank and the air pump, an air outlet pipe is provided on the buffer gas tank, the air outlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the buffer gas tank, and an electromagnetic air valve is provided on the air outlet pipe, the electromagnetic air valve is electrically connected to a second controller, and the second controller is electrically connected to the processor;

[0061] The contact block and the lever slider are both made of metal and are electrically connected to the processor via wires. When the contact block contacts the lever slider, the processor sends an electrical signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the solenoid valve to open.

[0062] The air outlet pipe is connected to a ventilation hose, and the other end of the ventilation hose is connected to an air nozzle. The air nozzle passes through the sowing cylinder and extends into the inner cavity of the sowing cylinder. The air nozzle is arranged obliquely downward, and the angle between the central axis of the air nozzle and the horizontal line is 45°-90°.

[0063] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention further comprises:

[0064] A rolling wheel is rotatably mounted on the frame and is arranged at one end away from the traction mechanism, and the seeding cylinder is arranged between the traction mechanism and the rolling wheel.

[0065] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the present invention can make the seeding barrel reciprocate in the vertical direction through the guide slide rails vertically arranged on the frame, the seeding barrel slidably connected to the guide slide rails, and the driving mechanism; further, by detachably connecting the seeding head to the bottom end of the seeding barrel, the ground-piercing sowing of the seeding head can be realized, and seeding heads of different models and sizes can be replaced to meet the needs of different sowing depths; by arranging the hopper body and the discharge barrel just above the sowing barrel, intermittent docking and communication with the sowing barrel can be achieved, that is, inoculation is carried out when the sowing barrel is at the topmost position, and sowing is carried out when it is at the bottommost position, so as to ensure that each sowing pit can be sown; by arranging the discharge mechanism and arranging it on the discharge barrel, the opening and closing of the seed discharge in the hopper body can be controlled, and at the same time, the discharge amount of the discharge mechanism can be different as the lifting height of the sowing barrel is different, which can adapt to the sowing needs of different sowing amounts.

[0066] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic seed drill provided by the present invention from a first perspective;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective three-dimensional structure of the automatic seed drill provided by the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third-view stereoscopic structure of the automatic seed drill provided by the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third perspective structure of the automatic seed drill provided by the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of the hopper body, discharge cylinder, sowing cylinder and sowing head provided by the present invention;

[0073] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0074] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0075] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0076] Figure 9 is a side view of the driving mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0077] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional diagram of the driving mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0078] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seeding cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0079] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the irrigation mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0080] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the irrigation mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0081] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the switch mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0082] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section structure of part of the switch mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0083] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the opening position of the air nozzle provided by the present invention.

[0084] Reference numerals:

[0085] 1. Frame; 2. Traction mechanism; 3. Guide rail;

[0086] 4. Seeding cylinder; 401. Outer cylinder; 402. Inner cylinder; 403. Second compression spring;

[0087] 404, lever slider; 405, pull rod; 406, lifting cylinder; 407, locking nut; 408, active pressing member; 409, contact block;

[0088] 5. Seeding head; 501. Baffle; 502. Wedge box;

[0089] 6. Hopper body; 7. Discharge barrel;

[0090] 8. Discharging mechanism; 801. Door plate; 802. Support rod; 803. Second connecting rod;

[0091] 804, inner sleeve; 805, first connecting rod; 806, retaining ring; 807, first compression spring;

[0092] 9. Driving mechanism; 901. Cam; 902. Reduction gear set; 903. Connecting rod;

[0093] 904, speed regulating motor;

[0094] 10. Rolling wheel;

[0095] 11. Irrigation institutions;

[0096] 1101, water tank;

[0097] 1102, sprinkler head assembly;

[0098] 1103, power assembly; 11031, air pump; 11032, air pressure sensor;

[0099] 1104, switch mechanism; 11041, active pressing member; 11042, passive pressing member;

[0100] 11043, nozzle housing; 11044, third compression spring; 11045, second compression chamber;

[0101] 11046, flow channel; 11047, slideway; 11048, ball valve;

[0102] 12. Jet mechanism; 1201. Buffer gas tank; 1202. Exhaust pipe; 1203. Solenoid valve; 1204. Ventilation hose; 1205. Jet nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0104] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0105] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0107] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0108] The following combination Figures 1 to 16 The embodiment shown in the figure describes the technical solution of the present invention: Figure 1-4 As shown:

[0109] An automatic seeder for small-particle seeds, comprising: a frame 1, a traction mechanism 2, a guide rail 3, a seeding barrel 4, a driving mechanism 9, a seeding head 5, a hopper body 6, a discharging barrel 7 and a discharging mechanism 8; wherein the traction mechanism 2 is arranged on the frame 1 for pulling the seeding machine as a whole; the guide rail 3 is arranged on the frame 1 in a vertical direction; the seeding barrel 4 passes through the frame 1 and is slidably connected to the frame 1, and is also slidably connected to the guide rail 3; the driving mechanism 9 is connected to the seeding barrel 4 for driving the seeding barrel 4 to reciprocate along the guide rail 3; the seeding head 5 is connected to the seeding barrel 4, and the seeding barrel 4 is connected to the seeding barrel 4. The bottom end of the cylinder 4 is detachably connected and communicated with the inner cavity of the sowing cylinder 4, and is used to transfer the material in the sowing cylinder 4 to the underground when the sowing cylinder 4 is in the lowest position; the hopper body 6 is arranged above the sowing cylinder 4; the discharge cylinder 7 is arranged at the bottom end of the hopper body 6, and is communicated with the inner cavity of the hopper body 6, and is arranged directly above the sowing cylinder 4; the discharge mechanism 8 is arranged at the discharge cylinder 7, which can contact the top of the sowing cylinder 4 when the sowing cylinder 4 slides upward to a certain height, and is used to open and close the discharge, and can control the discharge amount as the sowing cylinder 4 rises to different heights.

[0110] It is understandable that the traction mechanism 2 can be a diesel engine power assembly 1103 or an electric motor power assembly 1103, and is not limited here; the guide rail 3 can be a steel rail with a T-shaped slide groove or a through groove with a sliding stroke; the driving mechanism 9 can be an electric telescopic rod or a crank slider mechanism, as long as it can achieve reciprocating motion of the seeding barrel 4 in the vertical direction;

[0111] The small-particle seed automatic seeder provided by the present invention can make the seeding barrel 4 reciprocate in the vertical direction through the guide slide rail 3 vertically arranged on the frame 1, the seeding barrel 4 slidably connected to the guide slide rail 3, and the driving mechanism 9; further, by detachably connecting the seeding head 5 at the bottom end of the seeding barrel 4, the ground-piercing sowing of the seeding head 5 can be realized, and the seeding heads 5 of different models and sizes can be replaced to meet the needs of different sowing depths; by arranging the hopper body 6 and the discharging barrel 7 just above the sowing barrel 4, intermittent docking and communication with the sowing barrel 4 can be achieved, that is, inoculation is performed when the sowing barrel 4 is in the topmost position, and sowing is performed when it is in the bottommost position, so as to ensure that each sowing pit can be sown; by arranging the discharging mechanism 8 and arranging it on the discharging mechanism 8, the opening and closing of the seed discharge in the hopper body 6 can be controlled, and at the same time, the discharge amount of the discharging mechanism 8 can be different as the lifting height of the sowing barrel 4 is different, which can adapt to the sowing needs of different sowing amounts.

[0112] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 5-6 As shown, the discharge mechanism 8 includes: an inner sleeve 804, a retaining ring 806, a first connecting rod 805, a first compression spring 807, a discharge door and a second connecting rod 803, wherein the inner sleeve 804 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the discharge barrel 7; the retaining ring 806 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel 7; there are multiple first connecting rods 805 and they are all arranged circumferentially, one end is fixed to the inner sleeve 804, and the other end is fixed to the retaining ring 806; the first compression spring 807 is sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel 7, one end presses on the retaining ring 806, and the other end presses on the hopper body 6 On the top; the discharge door includes a door plate 801 and a support rod 802, wherein the door plate 801 is arranged at the bottom opening of the hopper body 6 and forms a closed fit with the opening, and the support rod 802 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the door plate 801; there are multiple second connecting rods 803 and they are all arranged circumferentially with the axis of the door plate 801 as the center, one end is fixedly connected to the support rod 802, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve 804; a plurality of first sliding grooves corresponding to the first connecting rod 805 are opened axially on the discharge barrel 7, and the first connecting rod 805 passes through the first sliding groove and can slide in the first sliding groove.

[0113] Figure 6The specific structure of a discharging mechanism 8 is exemplified in the figure, wherein the lower end of the hopper body 6 is a circular opening, and a hollow cylindrical discharging barrel 7 is fixedly connected to the opening, and a cylindrical inner sleeve 804 is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the discharging barrel 7, and the inner wall of the inner sleeve 804 is fixedly connected to four second connecting rods 803, and all of them are distributed at 90° with the central axis of the inner sleeve 804 as the axis, and a vertically arranged support rod 802 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting rod 803, and a door plate 801 is fixedly and coaxially connected to the top of the support rod 802, and the door plate 801 is in the shape of an inverted frustum, which can coincide with the bottom opening of the hopper body 6, that is, the opening and the door plate 801 both have inclined surfaces. When the door plate 801 is closed, the two The inclined surfaces fit in and contact with each other, thereby preventing the seeds from flowing out of the hopper body 6; two first chutes are symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the discharge barrel 7; accordingly, two first connecting rods 805 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 804, and the first connecting rod 805 passes through the first chute and is connected to the retaining ring 806; a first compression spring 807 is also sleeved between the hopper body 6 and the retaining ring 806, which is used to give the retaining ring 806 a downward pressure that is always downward; of course, the outer diameter of the discharge barrel 7 must always be smaller than the inner diameter of the sowing barrel 4, and the diameter of the retaining ring 806 must always be larger than the inner diameter of the sowing barrel 4, so that the sowing barrel 4 can lift the retaining ring 806 when it makes a reciprocating motion up and down, and the lifting height range is the opening height of the first chute.

[0114] The embodiment of the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the opening and closing of the discharge door by lifting the baffle ring 806 of the sowing cylinder 4, and at the same time, it can allow the seeds to flow through the inner cavity of the discharge cylinder 7 and then directly enter the inner cavity of the sowing cylinder 4, thereby realizing the intermittent linkage seeding by the sowing cylinder 4.

[0115] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 5-8 As shown, it also includes: a contact block 409: fixedly mounted on the guide rail 3;

[0116] The sowing cylinder 4 includes: an inner cylinder 402, an outer cylinder 401, a lever slider 404, a second compression spring 403 and a pull rod 405; wherein the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 402 is larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cylinder 7; the outer cylinder 401 is sleeved on the inner cylinder 402, a portion of the outer cylinder 401 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 402, and a gap is formed between the other portion of the outer cylinder 401 and the inner cylinder 402 to form a stretching cavity, a first compression cavity is further provided at the upper end of the stretching cavity, a second chute is provided on one side wall of the first compression cavity, and the first compression cavity passes through the second chute. The two chutes are connected to the outside world; the lever slider 404 is arranged in the first compression chamber and can slide in the first compression chamber. The lever of the lever slider 404 passes through the second chute and extends to the outside world; the second compression spring 403 is arranged in the first compression chamber, one end of which presses against the upper end surface of the lever slider 404 and the other end presses against the top surface of the first compression chamber; the pull rod 405 is arranged in the stretching chamber, one end of which extends into the first compression chamber and is rotatably connected to the lever slider 404, and the other end is provided with a first external thread;

[0117] The seeding head 5 includes: a wedge-shaped box 502 and a baffle 501, wherein the wedge-shaped box 502 has openings at both ends, and one end opening is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner tube 402; the baffle 501 is slidingly connected to the other end opening of the wedge-shaped box 502 for covering the opening, and the top end is threadedly connected to the pull rod 405.

[0118] The sliding stroke of the shifting rod slider 404 in the first compression chamber is consistent with the sliding stroke of the baffle 501, and when the seeding cylinder 4 moves to the lowest point, the baffle 501 is fully opened.

[0119] Figure 5 and Figure 7 The longitudinal cross-sectional structure diagram of a seeding barrel 4 is shown as an example, wherein the seeding barrel 4 comprises: an inner barrel 402 and an outer barrel 401, wherein the outer barrel 401 is coaxially fixed to the inner barrel 402, and the wall portion of the outer barrel 401 is divided into a hollow structure to form a stretching cavity, wherein a plurality of support rings are arranged axially inside the outer barrel, and a pull rod 405 passes through the support ring and is slidably connected to the support ring; a first compression cavity is further provided above the stretching cavity, wherein a second compression spring 403 and a lever slider 404 are arranged in the first compression cavity, and the second compression spring 40 One end of 3 is pressed against the upper end surface of the lever slider 404, and the other end is pressed against the inner top surface of the first compression chamber, so as to give the lever slider 404 a downward motion force; a second chute is provided on the outer wall of the first compression chamber, and the lever of the lever slider 404 passes through the second chute and extends to the outside; the upper end of the pull rod 405 passes through the limit plate between the first compression chamber and the stretching chamber, and is rotatably connected to the lever slider 404, and the lower end of the pull rod 405 is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the baffle 501 of the seeding head 5;

[0120] Figure 8The longitudinal cross-section of a seeding head 5 is illustrated, wherein the wedge-shaped box 502 includes an upper opening and a side opening, a first flange is provided at the upper opening of the wedge-shaped box 502, and a second flange is provided at the side opening of the wedge-shaped box 502; wherein screws can be installed on the first flange for connecting with the bottom end of the inner cylinder 402, and the second flange is used to limit the baffle 501; of course, the baffle 501 can be connected to the side opening of the wedge-shaped box 502 in a sliding groove-type sliding connection, which is used to stabilize the up and down sliding of the baffle 501; on the outer wall of the stretching cavity An opening is made on the top to facilitate the removal and replacement of the baffle 501, and the pull rod 405 can be rotated forward and backward through the opening with one hand to facilitate the removal and installation of the baffle 501; of course, the baffle 501 and the first flange of the wedge box 502 can be set to an arc-shaped plate with the same curvature as the inner tube 402 and the outer tube 401, so as to fit together with the sowing tube 4, or it can be kept as a straight plate, but the arc gap of the stretching cavity needs to be large to accommodate the lower baffle 501; similarly, the wall of the inner tube 402 must have a certain thickness to enable the first flange to be installed thereon.

[0121] like Figure 11 As shown, the contact block 409 is a wedge-shaped block with its flat end facing upward and fixedly mounted on the lower part of the guide rail 3, and the second slide groove is opened at the upper part of the outer cylinder 401. When the sowing cylinder 4 moves downward, the lever can contact the contact block 409, thereby blocking the pull rod 405 and the baffle 501 from moving downward, thereby achieving the effect of opening the baffle 501. For the smallest sowing head 5, the baffle 501 has a height of 5 cm, that is, the pulling distance of the pull rod 405 is 5 cm, and the opening height of the baffle 501 is also 5 cm. At this time, the sowing cylinder 4 is in the lowest position, and the smallest baffle 501 is just fully opened. With this arrangement, the seeds in the sowing head 5 can flow out at the lowest position, and the sowing depth can be controlled more accurately.

[0122] Of course, other models of baffles 501 can also be replaced, such as 6 cm, 7 cm, etc. At this time, the opening height of the baffle 501 is also 5 cm, and the insertion depth of the matching wedge box 502 will be deeper, and the opening height of 5 cm is also sufficient to allow the seeds to flow out. When the sowing tube 4 rises, the baffle 501 can be closed in time as the height increases to prevent soil from entering the sowing head 5.

[0123] Of course, in order to facilitate sowing, ensure that the seeds flow out as quickly as possible, and prevent soil from entering the sowing head 5, the present invention also provides an air jet mechanism 12. When the lever contacts the contact block 409, the air jet nozzle in the sowing barrel 4 will eject air downward, thereby blowing the seeds out as quickly as possible. At the same time, the air jet nozzle will maintain the air jet state during the upward closing process, thereby preventing soil from entering the sowing head 5. When the lever separates from the contact block 409, the air jet nozzle will stop blowing. The specific structure of the air jet mechanism 12 will be described below.

[0124] The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds provided by an embodiment of the present invention can effectively realize the installation of the pull rod 405 by opening a first compression chamber between the inner cylinder 402 and the outer cylinder 401, and at the same time provide space for the contraction of the baffle 501; by setting the sowing head 5 to be wedge-shaped, it can be better inserted into the soil; by setting the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 402 to be larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cylinder 7, the discharge cylinder 7 and the sowing cylinder 4 can be better connected.

[0125] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 9-11 As shown:

[0126] The driving mechanism 9 includes: a speed regulating motor 904, a reduction gear set 902, a cam 901 and a connecting rod 903, wherein the speed regulating motor 904 is mounted on the frame 1; the reduction gear set 902 is connected to the speed regulating motor 904; the cam 901 is connected to the reduction gear set 902; one end of the connecting rod 903 is rotatably connected to the cam 901, and the other end is hinged to the seeding cylinder 4;

[0127] The seeding cylinder 4 further includes: a lifting cylinder 406 and a locking nut 407, wherein the bottom end of the lifting cylinder 406 is provided with a second external thread, which is threadedly connected to the top end of the seeding cylinder 4; the locking nut 407 is threadedly connected to the second external thread.

[0128] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The driving structure of a crank slider mechanism is exemplified in the figure, wherein a speed regulating motor 904 is mounted at the lower end of the frame 1, adjacent to the diesel engine gearbox. The speed regulating motor 904 transmits power to the reduction gear set 902 via a belt. The output end of the reduction gear set 902 engages with the cam 901. The cam 901 is hinged to the connecting rod 903 and the sliding clamp on the guide rail, which can convert the rotation of the cam 901 into the sliding of the sliding clamp. The sliding clamp is fixed to the seeding barrel 4, thereby converting the rotation of the seeding barrel 4 into the sliding of the seeding barrel 4. At the same time, the speed regulating motor 904 is electrically connected to the electric control box set on the frame 1. When speed regulation is required, only the electric control box needs to be operated. The purpose of providing the speed regulating motor 904 is to be able to adjust the distance between the sowing points at a certain speed of the traction movement of the traction mechanism 2 to adapt to different sowing spacings and improve adaptability.

[0129] Figure 11 An example of a lifting mechanism on a seeding cylinder 4 is shown, wherein a lifting cylinder 406 is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the seeding cylinder 4, and a locking nut 407 is also threadedly connected to the external thread of the lifting cylinder 406, and the locking nut 407 is used to fix the position of the lifting cylinder 406.

[0130] By setting the lifting cylinder 406 with a thread, fine-tuning of the lifting height can be achieved, and the lifting height of the sowing cylinder 4 to the discharging mechanism 8 can be different, thereby controlling the opening of the door plate 801 in the discharging mechanism 8, and then controlling the approximate discharge amount. Because for small-particle seeds, it is only necessary to ensure that they are spread evenly during sowing, and the number of seed particles does not need to be accurate. This also meets the needs of different sowing amounts of small-particle seeds.

[0131] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 12-15 As shown: it also includes: an irrigation mechanism 11, which is set on the frame 1 and is used to irrigate once every time the seeding head 5 moves the material.

[0132] The irrigation mechanism 11 includes: a water tank 1101, a sprinkler head assembly 1102, a power component 1103 and a switch mechanism 1104, wherein the water tank 1101 is arranged on the frame 1; the sprinkler head assembly 1102 is arranged on the frame 1, connected to the water tank 1101 pipe, and the water spraying direction of the sprinkler head assembly 1102 is toward the sowing head 5; the power component 1103 is connected to the water tank 1101, and provides power for the liquid in the water tank 1101 to flow toward the sprinkler head assembly 1102 and spray out; the switch mechanism 1104 is arranged on the sowing barrel 4 and the sprinkler head assembly 1102, and is used to control the opening and closing of the sprinkler head assembly 1102.

[0133] It is understandable that the power component 1103 can be a water pump component or an air pump 11031 component.

[0134] Figure 14 An example is given of the specific structure of an air pump 11031 component, wherein the air pump 11031 is arranged on the frame 1, and is connected to the inner cavity tube of the water tank 1101 through an air pipe, and is used to inflate and pressurize the water tank 1101; a one-way air pressure valve is provided at the connection between the air pipe and the water tank 1101, which is used to prevent water from flowing back into the air pump 11031 after bumps; a first controller is electrically connected to the air pump 11031; an air pressure sensor 11032 is provided on the water tank 1101, and is used to monitor the air pressure in the inner cavity of the water tank 1101; and a processor is electrically connected to the first controller and the air pressure sensor 11032, respectively.

[0135] The air pressure sensor 11032 monitors the air pressure in the tank in real time and transmits the air pressure value to the processor in real time. When the processor determines that the air pressure value in the tank is lower than the preset range, it sends an electrical signal to the first controller, and the first controller starts the air pump 11031 to pressurize the water tank 1101. When the pressurized value is within the preset range, the air pump 11031 is controlled to stop. In this way, it can ensure that the air pressure in the water tank 1101 is always constant, thereby ensuring that the water spraying pressure is sufficient, because as the amount of water in the water tank 1101 decreases, if the water is used alone, the pressure in the water tank 1101 will be too high. At the same time, the pressurized water spraying method is more practical than the water pumping irrigation method, because the seeder needs to continuously sow and irrigate, which are two actions in a cycle. If a water pump is used to pump water, the water pump needs to be started and stopped continuously. If the frequency is too high, it is easy to burn out the water pump and its spraying effect is poor. However, by directly pressurizing the water tank 1101, there will be no high-frequency damage to the air pump 11031, and the water spraying pressure is stable, which is suitable for the cycle process from sowing to irrigation.

[0136] The switch mechanism 1104 includes: an active pressing member 11041, a nozzle housing 11043, a passive pressing member 11042, a third compression spring 11044 and a ball valve 11048, wherein the active pressing member 11041 is provided on the seeding cylinder 4 and can reciprocate with the seeding cylinder 4; the nozzle housing 11043 is formed with a second compression chamber 11045, a flow channel 11046 and a slide 11047, one end of the flow channel 11046 is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the flow channel 11046 is connected to the nozzle of the sprinkler head assembly 1102, and the slide 11047 is connected to the flow channel 11046. Vertically connected; the passive pressing member 11042 is partially arranged in the second compression chamber 11045, and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second compression chamber 11045, and can be pressed by the active pressing member 11041; the third compression spring 11044 is arranged between the passive pressing member and the nozzle housing 11043, and is used to provide an upward elastic force to the passive pressing member; the ball valve 11048 is connected to the passive pressing member 11042 through a push rod, and is slidably arranged in the slide 11047. When the passive pressing member 11042 is in a top stationary state, the ball valve 11048 can block the liquid in the flow channel 11046 from passing through.

[0137] Figure 14 and Figure 15The specific structure of a switch mechanism 1104 is illustrated, wherein the active pressing member 11041 is a wedge-shaped block, which is welded to the upper part of the seeding cylinder 4 and can move up and down with the seeding cylinder 4; the nozzle housing 11043 is a part of the sprinkler head assembly 1102, and also includes a nozzle, which is located below the frame 1 and always faces the seeding head 5. The nozzle housing 11043 is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 1, and a vertically connected flow channel 11046 and a slide 11047 are formed inside it, and a second compression chamber 11045 is also opened, in which a "earth"-shaped passive pressing member 11041 is slidably provided. 042, part of it is in the outside world, and part of it is in the second compression chamber 11045. The upper cavity of the second compression chamber 11045 is symmetrically provided with a third compression spring 11044, which always gives the passive pressing member 11042 an upward movement force. A ball valve 11048 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the passive pressing member 11042 through a push rod. When the ball valve 11048 is at the top position, the passive pressing member 11042 is also at the top; when the passive pressing member 11042 is at the bottom, the ball valve 11048 completely enters the slide 11047. At this time, the water in the flow channel 11046 will pass through and be sprayed out through the nozzle.

[0138] The setting position of the active pressing part 11041 is relatively special. The movement stroke after its lower end face presses the passive pressing part 11042 should be just equal to or slightly smaller than the sliding stroke of the passive pressing part 11042. In this way, watering can be carried out after sowing with the sowing head 5, or at the same time. This switch structure can meet the frequent watering frequency under the pneumatic state, is highly practical, and has a long service life.

[0139] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 12 and Figure 16 As shown: it also includes an injection mechanism 12. Specifically, a buffer gas tank 1201 is provided between the water tank 1101 and the air pump 11031. The buffer gas tank 1201 is provided with an outlet pipe 1202. The outlet pipe 1202 is in communication with the inner cavity of the buffer gas tank 1201, and an electromagnetic gas valve 1203 is provided on the outlet pipe 1202. The electromagnetic gas valve 1203 is electrically connected to a second controller, and the second controller is electrically connected to the processor;

[0140] The contact block 409 and the lever slider 404 are both made of metal and are electrically connected to the processor through wires. When the contact block 409 contacts the lever slider 404, the processor sends an electrical signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the solenoid valve 1203 to open; when the contact block 409 and the lever slider 404 are separated, the solenoid valve is closed.

[0141] The air outlet pipe 1202 is connected to a ventilation hose 1204, and the other end of the ventilation hose 1204 is connected to an air nozzle. The air nozzle passes through the sowing cylinder 4 and extends into the inner cavity of the sowing cylinder 4. The air nozzle is set obliquely downward, and the angle between the central axis of the air nozzle and the horizontal line is 45°-90°.

[0142] Figure 16 The example shows the setting direction of the air nozzle at 90°. Figure 12 The specific structure of the air jet mechanism 12 is illustrated. The air hose 1204 moves with the vertical movement of the seeding barrel 4, thereby ejecting gas from the buffer gas tank 1201 into the seeding barrel 4, thereby quickly blowing out the seeds. The air jet mechanism 12 maintains its air flow during the upward and downward movement, thereby effectively preventing soil from entering the seeding head 5. When the lever separates from the contact block 409, the air flow is disconnected. The processor can be an embedded STM32 microcontroller.

[0143] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic seeder for small-particle seeds is provided. Figure 10 The machine also includes a crushing wheel 10, rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and positioned at the end away from the traction mechanism 2. A seed drill 4 is positioned between the traction mechanism 2 and the crushing wheel 10. The crushing wheel 10 is also equipped with a shock-absorbing structure to accommodate uneven farmland conditions. It is coaxially connected to the steering handle to further control the planter's travel direction. The traction mechanism 2 shown in the embodiments of the present invention is comprised of a diesel engine, off-road wheels, and a gearbox. The throttle position is located on the steering handle.

[0144] By setting the rolling wheel 10, the pit after sowing can be flattened, which is convenient for the seeds to fully absorb water and nutrients, thereby improving the overall versatility and automation of the seeder.

[0145] The present invention effectively improves the degree of automation of small agricultural machinery by setting an inserted seeding barrel, an air jet mechanism, an isobaric water spray mechanism and a switch mechanism, and most of them are linkage structures, with the characteristics of strong practicality, long service life, and easy replacement of parts. It effectively solves the problems in the prior art that the shovel-type seeding machine has a low degree of automation and that large intelligent seeding machines are not suitable for sowing in small grain fields of farmers, thereby achieving the purpose of improving sowing efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0146] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic seeder for small-particle seeds, characterized in that: include: frame; Traction mechanism: provided on the frame, used for pulling the seeder as a whole; Guide rail: arranged on the frame in a vertical direction; Seeding cylinder: penetrates the frame and is slidably connected to the frame, and is slidably connected to the guide rail; Driving mechanism: connected to the sowing cylinder, used to drive the sowing cylinder to reciprocate along the guide rail; Seeding head: detachably connected to the bottom end of the seeding cylinder, communicated with the inner cavity of the seeding cylinder, and used to transfer the material in the seeding cylinder to the ground when the seeding cylinder is at the lowest position; Hopper body: arranged above the sowing cylinder; Discharge cylinder: arranged at the bottom end of the hopper body, connected with the inner cavity of the hopper body, and arranged just above the sowing cylinder; Discharging mechanism: It is arranged at the discharging cylinder and can contact the top of the sowing cylinder when the sowing cylinder slides upward to a certain height, and is used to open and close the discharging, and can control the discharging amount as the sowing cylinder rises to different heights; The discharging mechanism comprises: Inner bushing: slidably arranged on the inner wall of the discharge barrel; Retaining ring: slidingly sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel; First connecting rods: multiple and circumferentially arranged, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the retaining ring; A first compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge barrel, with one end pressing against the retaining ring and the other end pressing against the hopper body; Discharge door: comprising a door plate and a support rod, wherein the door plate is arranged at the bottom opening of the hopper body and forms a closed fit with the opening, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the door plate; Second connecting rods: there are multiple second connecting rods, all of which are arranged circumferentially around the door panel axis, one end of which is fixedly connected to the support rod, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve; The discharge barrel is provided with a plurality of first sliding grooves corresponding to the first connecting rods along the axial direction, and the first connecting rods pass through the first sliding grooves and can slide in the first sliding grooves; The sowing cylinder also includes: Lifting cylinder: a second external thread is provided at the bottom end, and is threadedly connected to the top end of the sowing cylinder; Locking nut: threadedly connected to the second external thread.

2. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Contact block: fixedly mounted on the guide rail; The sowing cylinder also includes: Inner cylinder: the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cylinder; Outer cylinder: sleeved on the inner cylinder, with a portion of the outer cylinder fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and a gap between the other portion of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder forming a stretching chamber, a first compression chamber is further defined at the upper end of the stretching chamber, a second chute is defined on one side wall of the first compression chamber, and the first compression chamber is connected to the outside through the second chute; A shift rod slider is disposed in the first compression chamber and is capable of sliding in the first compression chamber. The shift rod of the shift rod slider passes through the second sliding groove and extends to the outside. A second compression spring is disposed in the first compression chamber, with one end pressing against the upper end surface of the slider of the shifting rod and the other end pressing against the top surface of the first compression chamber; Pull rod: arranged in the stretching cavity, one end of which extends into the first compression cavity and is rotatably connected to the shift rod slider, and the other end of which is provided with a first external thread; The seeding head comprises: Wedge-shaped box: with openings at both ends, one opening being detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner cylinder; Baffle: Slidingly connected to the other end opening of the wedge-shaped box, used to cover the opening, and the top end is threadedly connected to the pull rod; The sliding stroke of the shift rod slider in the first compression chamber is consistent with the sliding stroke of the baffle, and when the seeding cylinder moves to the lowest point, the baffle is fully opened.

3. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: Speed ​​regulating motor: installed on the frame; Reduction gear set: connected to the speed regulating motor; Cam: connected to the reduction gear set; Connecting rod: one end is rotatably connected to the cam, and the other end is hinged to the seeding cylinder.

4. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An irrigation mechanism is provided on the frame and is used for irrigating once each time the seeding head transfers a material.

5. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The irrigation mechanism comprises: Water storage tank: arranged on the frame; A water spray head assembly is arranged on the frame and connected to the water tank pipe, and the water spraying direction of the water spray head assembly is toward the sowing head; Power assembly: connected to the water tank, providing power for the liquid in the water tank to flow to the sprinkler head assembly and spray out; Switch mechanism: provided on the seeding cylinder and the sprinkler head assembly, and used for controlling the opening and closing of the sprinkler head assembly.

6. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power assembly includes: Air pump: arranged on the frame and connected to the inner cavity tube of the water tank; A first controller: electrically connected to the air pump; Air pressure sensor: provided on the water storage tank, used to monitor the air pressure in the inner cavity of the water storage tank; Processor: electrically connected to the first controller and the air pressure sensor respectively.

7. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch mechanism comprises: Active pressing member: provided on the sowing cylinder and capable of reciprocating along with the sowing cylinder; The nozzle housing is formed with a second compression chamber, a flow channel and a slide channel. One end of the flow channel is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the flow channel is connected to the nozzle of the sprinkler head assembly. The slide channel is vertically connected to the flow channel. Passive pressing member: partially disposed in the second compression chamber, slidably connected to the inner wall of the second compression chamber, and capable of being pressed by the active pressing member; A third compression spring is provided between the passive pressing member and the nozzle housing, and is used to provide an upward elastic force to the passive pressing member; Ball valve: connected to the passive pressing member through a push rod, and slidably arranged in the slideway. When the passive pressing member is in a top stationary state, the ball valve can block the liquid in the flow channel from passing through.

8. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: A buffer gas tank is provided between the water storage tank and the air pump, an air outlet pipe is provided on the buffer gas tank, the air outlet pipe is in communication with the inner cavity of the buffer gas tank, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the air outlet pipe, the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to a second controller, and the second controller is electrically connected to the processor; The contact block and the lever slider are both made of metal and are electrically connected to the processor via wires. When the contact block contacts the lever slider, the processor sends an electrical signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the solenoid valve to open. The air outlet pipe is connected to a ventilation hose, and the other end of the ventilation hose is connected to an air nozzle. The air nozzle passes through the sowing cylinder and extends into the inner cavity of the sowing cylinder. The air nozzle is arranged obliquely downward, and the angle between the central axis of the air nozzle and the horizontal line is 45°-90°.

9. The automatic seeder for small-particle seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A rolling wheel is rotatably mounted on the frame and is arranged at one end away from the traction mechanism, and the seeding cylinder is arranged between the traction mechanism and the rolling wheel.

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