Ocean exploration ship equipment for polar scientific research and the workflow of polar research

Abstract

The invention relates to an ocean exploration ship device for polar scientific research and a work flow for polar research, which comprises the following steps, and the premise is that a rescue drone group tows a rescue boat body forward on the forward path of the scientific research ship; when the rescue lower punch hits the ice, firstly, multiple groups of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels are used to grip the sea ice surface; then, the rescue telescopic push rod is extended to support the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate, so that the rescue lifting support plate supports the rescue oblique support hand, and the rescue lower punch is driven to rise through the rescue lower punch push rod; secondly, the rescue lower punch push rod ascends to the top, and the rescue telescopic support of the ascending section ascends along the rescue V-shaped guide block, the rescue telescopic push rod is recovered, and the rescue lifting support plate falls downward under the action of the rescue lower punch counterweight to impact the ice surface, and the rescue lower punch is used to achieve multiple impacts on the ice surface by the rescue lower punch reset spring; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an ocean exploration ship device for polar scientific research and a workflow for polar research, in particular to an ocean exploration ship, icebreaking, emergency rescue device and method, and specifically to an ocean exploration ship, components and method. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, for scientific research vessels with underwater detection functions, it is usually necessary to install multi-beam detection equipment on the bottom of the hull. When a scientific research vessel sails in a real ocean environment, the bow of the ship is constantly in and out of the water due to the pitching movement, which easily generates bubbles at the bow. If the bubbles at the bow are carried by the water flow and flow through the multi-beam detection area at the bottom of the ship while flowing down to the rear of the ship, it will directly interfere with the normal operation of the detection equipment.

[0003] CN201610192970.5 A model test method for simulating the trajectory of bubbles falling from the bow of a scientific research ship is only a simulation and cannot eliminate or reduce the impact of bubbles. CN201420457297.X A multi-beam deflector applied to a scientific research ship has poor effect.

[0004] In order to investigate the adjacent waters of Antarctica and transport various materials to scientific bases, polar icebreakers are required to be able to break ice layers 2-4 meters thick, and sometimes even up to 8 meters thick. Obviously, the thicker the ice is, the closer it can get to the poles, which is very beneficial for shortening the distance between the research ship and the scientific research station. Therefore, icebreakers have shown their important position, and their main tasks are to open up new routes, conduct polar rescue and transport materials, etc.

[0005] Traditional icebreakers use their own inertia and gravity to impact the ice. When encountering thick ice, they need to back up a distance and hit it again at full speed. The inability to break ice continuously and effectively and the large resistance of floating ice to the ship are two important reasons for the low speed of traditional icebreakers.

[0006] The bow of a traditional icebreaker is in a broken line shape. In order to make the bow easily "climb" onto the ice surface, the bottom line of the icebreaker's bow is generally designed to be at an angle of 20° to 30° to the horizontal line; icebreakers are equipped with special water tanks as icebreaking equipment, which are generally set on both sides of the bow, stern and belly. When an icebreaker encounters a thicker layer of ice, it will generally increase the weight of the stern of the hull, empty the water tank of the bow, make the bow of the hull tilt up, and use the weight of the bow part to crush the ice. In order to crush the ice, the weight of the bow is generally required to reach about 1,000 tons, so that the icebreaker can easily crush those less solid ice layers. Of course, if you encounter a relatively solid ice layer, you may not be able to break the ice layer using the above method. The icebreaker often has to retreat a certain distance first, and then rush over at full speed, using its own inertia to break the ice layer. During the icebreaking process, the buoyancy of the icebreaker needs to be repeatedly adjusted and the ballast water needs to be repeatedly transferred. The main disadvantages are high energy consumption and low efficiency, and the structural strength requirements for the bow are extremely high.

[0007] CN201610578979.X is a saw blade type submersible polar research vessel, which is not suitable for large research vessels. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is generally to provide an ocean exploration ship device for polar scientific research and a workflow for polar research. Its parent case is an icebreaking and rescue device and method on an ocean exploration scientific research ship, application number, CN202110013460.8; application date 20210106; sub-case name is ocean exploration ship, component and method; application number: CN202210930955.1.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] An icebreaker device for an ocean exploration ship comprises an icebreaker belt inclined seat bracket installed at the bow of the ship, wherein the icebreaker belt inclined seat bracket has an inclined surface that contacts with a solid support of the hull and is arranged obliquely upward, so that the reverse impulse of icebreaking is obliquely transmitted to the solid support of the hull;

[0011] The lower end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row is also hinged at the lower part of the front end of the hull, and an ice-breaking driving part whose lower end is hinged to the upper end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the hull to drive the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row to break and pierce the ice surface;

[0012] The lower ends of the first icebreaking swing arm and the second icebreaking swing arm are respectively hinged on the icebreaking belt inclined seat bracket and are arranged front and back along the hull direction;

[0013] An ice-breaking winch is arranged on the ice-breaking belt inclined seat bracket, and the ice-breaking winch outputs an ice-breaking pulling rope; the power gear of the ice-breaking winch is meshed with the winch gear shaft, and the power gear is a fan-shaped gear or a sliding gear;

[0014] An ice-breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel is arranged on the articulated wheel shaft of the first ice-breaking swing arm or the second ice-breaking swing arm; an output end of an ice-breaking pulling rope is wound on the head of the first ice-breaking swing arm or the second ice-breaking swing arm;

[0015] An ice-breaking lower swinging rod is hingedly connected to the head of the first ice-breaking swinging arm, and the middle part of the ice-breaking lower swinging rod is hingedly connected to the head of the second ice-breaking swinging arm;

[0016] The lower end of the ice-breaking lower swing arm is connected with an ice-breaking lower punch through an ice-breaking connecting spring rod to hammer the ice surface. At this time, the ice-breaking first swing arm and the ice-breaking second swing arm form an X shape.

[0017] An icebreaking method for an ocean exploration ship, when the sea ice is lower than a set thickness, a first scheme is started, firstly, an icebreaking driving part including a crankshaft connecting rod assembly is started; then, the icebreaking driving part drives an icebreaking lower swinging ice-piercing row to swing, and the icebreaking lower swinging ice-piercing row breaks and pierces the ice surface;

[0018] When the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, the second plan is activated. First, the winch gear shaft is driven to engage and rotate through the fan gear or the sliding gear, so that the icebreaking winch drives the first icebreaking swing arm and the second icebreaking swing arm to lean back in linkage through the icebreaking traction rope, so that the icebreaking lower swing rod swings upward; then, when the winch gear shaft reaches the toothless part of the fan gear or separates from the sliding gear, under the action of the deadweight of the icebreaking lower swing rod, the icebreaking winch outputs the icebreaking traction rope, and the first icebreaking swing arm and the second icebreaking swing arm are linked to move forward, so that the icebreaking lower swing rod swings downward, and the icebreaking lower punch hammers the ice surface, and continuous hammering is achieved through the spring force of the icebreaking connecting spring rod.

[0019] A rescue device for an ocean exploration ship comprises a rescue boat body and a rescue drone group carried by a scientific research ship; a rescue ice-breaking component is arranged on the rescue boat body;

[0020] A rescue boat sled is arranged at the bottom of the rescue boat body for sliding on the sea ice surface; multiple sets of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels are arranged on both sides of the rescue boat sled for gripping and walking on the sea ice surface and / or preventing backward movement; a rescue buoyancy air cushion is arranged on the rescue boat body to make the rescue boat body float in the sea water; rescue auxiliary hanging rings are distributed at the four corners of the rescue boat body to connect with the rescue drone group through a pulling rope;

[0021] The emergency ice-breaking component is used to pre-break ice on the forward path of the scientific research vessel.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0023] The emergency ice-breaking assembly includes scheme a and / or an emergency ice-breaking mechanism;

[0024] When scheme a is included, scheme a includes a rescue lifting belt vertically arranged on the rescue boat body; a plurality of rescue lifting support plates are hinged on the rescue lifting belt, a rescue telescopic guide sleeve is distributed on the rescue lifting belt, and a rescue telescopic top rod for extending and supporting the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate is arranged on the rescue telescopic guide sleeve; a rescue V-shaped guide block is vertically arranged on the upper part of the rescue middle part of the rescue lifting belt, and the tail of the rescue telescopic top rod has a rescue telescopic support located in the rescue middle part, and the rescue V-shaped guide block is used to contact the rescue telescopic support of the upward section to retract the rescue telescopic top rod so that the rescue lifting support plate swings downward;

[0025] A rescue lower punch guide sleeve is arranged at the lower outer side of the upward section of the rescue lifting belt, a rescue lower punch top rod is raised and lowered in the rescue lower punch guide sleeve, a rescue lower punch is arranged at the lower end of the rescue lower punch top rod to impact the sea ice surface, a rescue lower punch counterweight is arranged on the rescue lower punch top rod, a rescue oblique support is arranged on the rescue lower punch counterweight, the lower surface of which is used to contact with the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate in the upward horizontal state to be lifted, and to separate from the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate in the upward downward swing shape to be lowered, and the rescue lower punch impacts the ice surface, and a rescue lower punch reset spring is arranged between the rescue lower punch top rod and the rescue lower punch guide sleeve to realize multiple impacts of the rescue lower punch on the ice surface;

[0026] When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism is included, the emergency ice-breaking mechanism has the same structure as the ice-breaking device.

[0027] A method for rescuing an ocean exploration ship comprises the following steps, provided that a rescue drone group tows a rescue boat body forward on a path forward of the scientific research ship;

[0028] When the rescue lower punch hits the ice, first, it grips the sea ice surface through multiple sets of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels; then, the rescue telescopic push rod extends out to hold the lower surface of the rescue lifting pallet, so that the rescue lifting pallet supports the rescue oblique support, and the rescue lower punch is driven to rise through the rescue lower punch push rod; secondly, the rescue lower punch push rod goes up to the top, and the rescue telescopic support of the upward section goes up along the rescue V-shaped guide block, and the rescue telescopic push rod is recovered. The rescue lifting pallet falls downward under the action of the rescue lower punch counterweight and hits the ice surface, and the rescue lower punch is used to achieve multiple impacts on the ice surface through the rescue lower punch reset spring;

[0029] When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism and the emergency lower punch break the ice simultaneously, the emergency ice-breaking mechanism and the emergency lower punch's downward punching frequency and amplitude are adjusted to resonate and break the ice.

[0030] An ocean exploration ship, comprising a detection device arranged on the bottom of the ship;

[0031] The detection device includes a detection pipeline for entering seawater; a detection buffer tank is arranged on the detection pipeline;

[0032] The detection buffer tank is connected with a detection safety pipe. When the water pressure of seawater entering is greater than the set pressure, the detection safety pipe opens. The detection buffer tank is connected with the input end of the detection liquid delivery pipe.

[0033] A detection and defoaming barbed net is arranged in the detection buffer tank to divide the detection buffer tank into two inner chambers; seawater flows in after passing through the detection and defoaming barbed net to break the bubbles;

[0034] A temporary storage tank is provided at the output end of the detection defoaming barbed wire net; the input end of the detection vacuum pump and the input end of the detection multi-beam deflector are connected to the temporary storage tank; a detection booster drainage pump group is provided on the detection multi-beam deflector;

[0035] A water inlet detection vent cover is arranged at the input end of the detection pipeline; a water inlet detection diversion slope is arranged on the water inlet detection vent cover, a water permeable hole group is distributed on the water inlet detection vent cover, and a detection middle notch for water passing is arranged in the middle of the water permeable hole group.

[0036] An ocean exploration ship comprises a hull device; a bottom device is arranged below the hull device;

[0037] The hull arrangement includes a ship ballast body;

[0038] The ship bottom device includes a bottom ship-shaped slide rail arranged below the ship ballast body; bottom guide arc surfaces are provided at both ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail, and bottom water-permeable holes are transversely penetrated on the bottom ship-shaped slide rail;

[0039] A plurality of water tanks are arranged at the bottom of the ship ballast body, the water tanks include a middle ship water tank located in the middle of the ship ballast body, and four corner ship water tanks located at the four corners are arranged on both sides of the middle ship water tank in the longitudinal direction; side ship water tanks are arranged on both sides of the middle ship water tank in the transverse direction; the independent side ship water tanks and four corner ship water tanks are connected to the middle ship water tank through their own ship water tank connecting pipes; the ship water tank connecting pipes are provided with pump stations;

[0040] A hull counterweight support plate with a cyclically arranged hull counterweight slide rail is arranged in the ship ballast body; a hull rolling counterweight body is arranged in the hull counterweight slide rail, and the hull rolling counterweight body is connected to the middle part of the ship ballast body through a pulling rope;

[0041] The hull counterweight support plate is provided with hull counterweight push rods to push or hold the hull rolling counterweight body to be fixed on the hull counterweight support plate.

[0042] A working method of an ocean exploration ship, when the ship's ballast body is traveling and breaking ice, comprises the following steps of breaking ice by itself;

[0043] First, the ballast water is passed into the ship's four corner water tanks and / or the ship's side water tanks with a sinking side through the ship's water tank connecting pipes. At the same time, the ship's rolling counterweight is pushed and supported by the ship's hull counterweight push rod to fix the ship's ballast body on the hull counterweight support plate, so that the ship's ballast body is partially sunken; then, the ship's ballast body impacts the sea ice layer and is scratched onto the ice surface using the bottom guide arc surface; secondly, the bottom ship-shaped slide rail presses down the ice layer; thirdly, the ship's ballast body sinks to the other side of the ice surface to break the ice;

[0044] When conducting multi-beam sounding, first, the seawater passes through the detection water inlet breathable cover and the detection water inlet diversion slope; then, the seawater enters the detection pipeline for temporary storage through the detection water permeable hole group; secondly, the seawater passes through the detection bubble-breaking barbed net to divert the seawater turbulence and eliminate bubbles; thirdly, the seawater enters the temporary storage tank through the detection liquid delivery pipe; after that, the temporary storage tank is evacuated by the detection vacuum pump, and the pressure of the seawater is compensated by the detection booster drainage pump group; finally, the seawater enters the detection multi-beam diversion cover from the temporary storage tank, and finally flows back to the sea.

[0045] An ocean exploration ship comprises an ocean exploration ship; the ocean exploration ship is provided with an emergency rescue device for the ocean exploration ship and an ice-breaking device for the ocean exploration ship.

[0046] A working method of an ocean exploration ship, during polar exploration, executing a plan; step 1, executing the working method of the ocean exploration ship;

[0047] Step 2: When the icebreaking method of step 1 fails to break the ice, the icebreaking method of the ocean exploration ship is executed;

[0048] Step three, when the icebreaking method of step two fails to break the ice, execute the emergency rescue method of the ocean exploration ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hull device of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice breaking device of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the emergency ice crushing assembly of the present invention.

[0054] Among them: 1. Hull device; 2. Bottom device; 3. Ice breaking device; 4. Detection device; 5. Rescue drone group; 6. Rescue ice breaking assembly; 7. Bottom ship-shaped slide rail; 8. Bottom guide arc surface; 9. Bottom water permeable hole; 10. Ship ballast body; 11. Ship water tank connecting pipe; 12. Ship side water tank; 13. Ship middle water tank; 14. Ship four corner water tank; 15. Hull counterweight support plate; 16. Hull counterweight slide rail; 17. Hull counterweight push rod Rod; 18, hull rolling counterweight; 19, hull safety rope; 20, ice-breaking belt inclined seat bracket; 21, ice-breaking lower swinging ice-piercing row; 22, ice-breaking drive unit; 23, ice-breaking winch; 24, ice-breaking pulling rope; 25, ice-breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel; 26, ice-breaking first swing arm; 27, ice-breaking second swing arm; 28, ice-breaking lower swing rod; 29, ice-breaking lower punch; 30, ice-breaking connecting spring rod; 31, detection pipeline; 32, detection buffer flushing tank; 33. detection of safety pipe; 34. detection of liquid delivery pipe; 35. detection of defoaming barbed wire; 36. detection of vacuum pump; 37. temporary storage tank; 38. detection of multi-beam deflector; 39. detection of booster drainage pump group; 40. detection of water inlet vent cover; 41. detection of water inlet diversion slope; 42. detection of water permeable hole group; 43. detection of middle gap; 44. rescue boat sled; 45. rescue ice grabber drive wheel; 46. rescue buoyancy air cushion; 47 , rescue auxiliary hanging ring; 48, rescue ice-breaking mechanism; 49, rescue lifting belt; 50, rescue lifting support plate; 51, rescue telescopic top rod; 52, rescue telescopic guide sleeve; 53, rescue telescopic support; 54, rescue middle part; 55, rescue V-shaped guide block; 56, rescue lower punch guide sleeve; 57, rescue lower punch top rod; 58, rescue lower punch counterweight; 59, rescue oblique support hand; 60, rescue lower punch; 61, rescue lower punch reset spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the icebreaking device of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes an icebreaker belt inclined seat bracket 20 installed at the bow of the ship, and the icebreaker belt inclined seat bracket 20 has an inclined surface that contacts with the solid support of the hull and is arranged obliquely upward, so that the reverse impulse of icebreaking is obliquely transmitted to the solid support of the hull;

[0056] The lower end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row 21 is also hinged at the lower part of the front end of the hull, and the ice-breaking driving part 22 whose lower end is hinged to the upper end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row 21 is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the hull to drive the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row 21 to break and pierce the ice surface;

[0057] The lower ends of the first icebreaking swing arm 26 and the second icebreaking swing arm 27 are respectively hinged on the icebreaking belt inclined seat bracket 20 and are arranged front and back along the hull direction;

[0058] An ice-breaking winch 23 is provided on the ice-breaking belt inclined seat bracket 20, and the ice-breaking winch 23 outputs an ice-breaking pulling rope 24; the power gear of the ice-breaking winch 23 is meshed with the winch gear shaft, and the power gear is a fan gear or a sliding gear;

[0059] An ice-breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel 25 is arranged on the articulated wheel shaft of the first ice-breaking swing arm 26 or the second ice-breaking swing arm 27; an output end of an ice-breaking pulling rope 24 is wound around the head of the first ice-breaking swing arm 26 or the second ice-breaking swing arm 27;

[0060] The head of the first ice-breaking swing arm 26 is hinged with an ice-breaking lower swing rod 28, the middle of which is hinged with the head of the second ice-breaking swing arm 27;

[0061] The lower end of the ice-breaking lower swing rod 28 is connected to an ice-breaking lower punch 29 through an ice-breaking connecting spring rod 30 to hammer the ice surface. At this time, the ice-breaking first swing arm 26 and the ice-breaking second swing arm 27 form an X shape.

[0062] The icebreaking method of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment is to start the first scheme when the sea ice is lower than the set thickness. First, the icebreaking driving unit 22 including the crankshaft connecting rod assembly is started; then, the icebreaking driving unit 22 drives the icebreaking lower swinging ice-piercing row 21 to swing, and the icebreaking lower swinging ice-piercing row 21 breaks and pierces the ice surface;

[0063] When the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, the second scheme is activated. First, the winch gear shaft is driven to engage and rotate through the fan gear or the sliding gear, so that the icebreaking winch 23 drives the first icebreaking swing arm 26 and the second icebreaking swing arm 27 to lean back in linkage through the icebreaking pulling rope 24, so that the icebreaking lower swing rod 28 swings upward; then, when the winch gear shaft reaches the toothless part of the fan gear or separates from the sliding gear, under the action of the self-weight of the icebreaking lower swing rod 28, the icebreaking winch 23 outputs the icebreaking pulling rope 24, and the first icebreaking swing arm 26 and the second icebreaking swing arm 27 are linked to move forward, so that the icebreaking lower swing rod 28 swings downward, and the icebreaking lower punch 29 hammers the ice surface, and continuous hammering is achieved through the spring force of the icebreaking connecting spring rod 30.

[0064] The rescue device of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes a rescue boat body and a rescue drone group 5 carried by the scientific research ship; a rescue ice crushing component 6 is arranged on the rescue boat body;

[0065] A rescue boat sled 44 is provided at the bottom of the rescue boat body for sliding on the sea ice surface; multiple groups of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels 45 are provided on both sides of the rescue boat sled 44 for gripping and walking on the sea ice surface and / or preventing backward movement; a rescue buoyancy air cushion 46 is provided on the rescue boat body to make the rescue boat body float in the sea water; rescue auxiliary hanging rings 47 are distributed at the four corners of the rescue boat body to connect with the rescue drone group 5 through a pulling rope;

[0066] The emergency ice-breaking assembly 6 is used for pre-icebreaking on the forward path of the scientific research vessel.

[0067] The emergency ice-breaking assembly 6 includes scheme a and / or an emergency ice-breaking mechanism 48;

[0068] When scheme a is included, scheme a includes a rescue lifting belt 49 vertically arranged on the rescue boat body; a plurality of rescue lifting support plates 50 are hinged on the rescue lifting belt 49, rescue telescopic guide sleeves 52 are distributed on the rescue lifting belt 49, and a rescue telescopic top rod 51 for extending and supporting the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate 50 is arranged on the rescue telescopic guide sleeve 52; a rescue V-shaped guide block 55 is vertically arranged on the upper part of the rescue middle part 54 of the rescue lifting belt 49, and the tail of the rescue telescopic top rod 51 has a rescue telescopic support 53 located in the rescue middle part 54, and the rescue V-shaped guide block 55 is used to contact the rescue telescopic support 53 of the upward section to retract the rescue telescopic top rod 51, so that the rescue lifting support plate 50 swings downward;

[0069] A rescue lower punch guide sleeve 56 is arranged below the outer side of the upward section of the rescue lifting belt 49, a rescue lower punch top rod 57 is raised and lowered in the rescue lower punch guide sleeve 56, a rescue lower punch head 60 is arranged at the lower end of the rescue lower punch top rod 57 to impact the sea ice surface, a rescue lower punch counterweight 58 is arranged on the rescue lower punch top rod 57, and a rescue oblique support hand 59 is arranged on the rescue lower punch counterweight 58, the lower surface of which is used to contact with the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate 50 in the upward horizontal state to be lifted, and to separate from the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate 50 in the upward downward swing shape to be lowered, and the rescue lower punch head 60 impacts the ice surface, and a rescue lower punch reset spring 61 is arranged between the rescue lower punch top rod 57 and the rescue lower punch guide sleeve 56, so as to realize multiple impacts of the rescue lower punch head 60 on the ice surface;

[0070] When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism 48 is included, the emergency ice-breaking mechanism 48 has the same structure as the ice-breaking device 3 .

[0071] The rescue method of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes the following steps, provided that the rescue drone group 5 tows the rescue boat body forward on the forward path of the scientific research ship;

[0072] When the rescue lower punch 60 is breaking ice, first, it grips the sea ice surface through multiple sets of rescue ice grabbing driving wheels 45; then, the rescue telescopic push rod 51 extends out to support the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate 50, so that the rescue lifting support plate 50 supports the rescue oblique support hand 59, and drives the rescue lower punch 60 to rise through the rescue lower punch push rod 57; secondly, the rescue lower punch push rod 57 goes up to the top, and the rescue telescopic support 53 of the upward section goes up along the rescue V-shaped guide block 55, retracts the rescue telescopic push rod 51, and the rescue lifting support plate 50 falls downward under the action of the rescue lower punch counterweight 58, impacts the ice surface, and the rescue lower punch 60 impacts the ice surface multiple times through the rescue lower punch reset spring 61;

[0073] When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism 48 and the emergency lower punch 60 break ice simultaneously, the emergency ice-breaking mechanism 48 and the emergency lower punch 60 are adjusted in terms of the downward punching frequency and amplitude to resonate and break ice.

[0074] The ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes a detection device 4 arranged on the bottom of the ship;

[0075] The detection device 4 includes a detection pipe 31 for entering seawater; a detection buffer tank 32 is arranged on the detection pipe 31;

[0076] The detection buffer tank 32 is connected to a detection safety pipe 33. When the water pressure of seawater entering is greater than the set pressure, the detection safety pipe 33 opens. The detection buffer tank 32 is connected to the input end of the detection liquid delivery pipe 34.

[0077] A detection and defoaming barbed net 35 is provided in the detection buffer tank 32 to divide the detection buffer tank 32 into two inner chambers; seawater flows in after passing through the detection and defoaming barbed net 35 to break the bubbles;

[0078] A temporary storage tank 37 is provided at the output end of the detection defoaming barbed wire net 35; the input end of the detection vacuum pump 36 and the input end of the detection multi-beam flow deflector 38 are connected to the temporary storage tank 37; a detection booster drainage pump group 39 is provided on the detection multi-beam flow deflector 38;

[0079] A water inlet detection vent 40 is provided at the input end of the detection pipe 31; a water inlet detection guide slope 41 is provided on the water inlet detection vent 40, a water permeable hole group 42 is distributed on the water inlet detection vent 40, and a detection middle notch 43 for water passing is provided in the middle of the water permeable hole group 42.

[0080] The ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes a hull device 1; a bottom device 2 is arranged below the hull device 1;

[0081] The ship hull device 1 comprises a ship ballast body 10;

[0082] The ship bottom device 2 includes a bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7 arranged below the ship ballast body 10; bottom guide arc surfaces 8 are provided at both ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7, and bottom water-permeable holes 9 are transversely penetrated on the bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7;

[0083] A plurality of water tank compartments are arranged at the bottom of the ship ballast body 10, and the water tank compartments include a ship middle water tank 13 located in the middle of the ship ballast body 10, and ship four corner water tanks 14 located at four corners are arranged on both sides of the middle water tank 13 in the longitudinal direction; ship side water tanks 12 are arranged on both sides of the middle water tank 13 in the transverse direction; the ship side water tanks 12 and ship four corner water tanks 14, which are independent of each other, are connected to the ship middle water tank 13 through their own ship water tank connecting pipes 11; the ship water tank connecting pipe 11 is provided with a pump station;

[0084] A hull counterweight support plate 15 with a circulatively arranged hull counterweight slide rail 16 is arranged in the ship ballast body 10; a hull rolling counterweight body 18 is arranged in the hull counterweight slide rail 16, and the hull rolling counterweight body 18 is connected to the middle part of the ship ballast body 10 through a pulling rope;

[0085] A hull counterweight push rod 17 is distributed on the hull counterweight supporting plate 15 to push or hold the hull rolling counterweight body 18 to be fixed on the hull counterweight supporting plate 15 .

[0086] The working method of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment, when the ship ballast body 10 is traveling and breaking ice, includes the following steps of breaking ice by itself;

[0087] First, the ballast water is introduced into the ship's four corner water tanks 14 and / or the ship's side water tanks 12 with a sinking side through the ship's water tank connecting pipe 11. At the same time, the ship's rolling counterweight 18 is pushed and supported by the ship's hull counterweight push rod 17 to fix the ship's ballast body 10 on the ship's hull counterweight support plate 15, so that the ship's ballast body 10 is partially sunken; then, the ship's ballast body 10 impacts the sea ice layer and is rowed onto the ice surface by the bottom guide arc surface 8; secondly, the bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7 presses down the ice layer; thirdly, the ship's ballast body 10 is partially sunk to the other side of the ice surface to break the ice;

[0088] When multi-beam sounding is performed, first, the seawater passes through the detection water inlet breathable cover 40 and the detection water inlet diversion slope 41; then, the seawater enters the detection pipe 31 through the detection water permeable hole group 42 for temporary storage; secondly, the seawater passes through the detection bubble-breaking barbed net 35 to divert the seawater turbulence and eliminate bubbles; thirdly, the seawater enters the temporary storage tank 37 through the detection liquid delivery pipe 34; thereafter, the temporary storage tank 37 is evacuated and emptied by the detection vacuum pump 36, and the pressure of the seawater is compensated by the detection booster drainage pump group 39; then, the seawater enters the detection multi-beam diversion cover 38 from the temporary storage tank 37, and finally flows back to the sea.

[0089] The ocean exploration ship of this embodiment includes an ocean exploration ship; the ocean exploration ship is provided with an emergency rescue device including an ocean exploration ship and an ice breaking device 3 of the ocean exploration ship.

[0090] The working method of the ocean exploration ship of this embodiment is to execute the scheme during polar exploration; step one, to execute the working method of the ocean exploration ship;

[0091] Step 2: When the icebreaking method of step 1 fails to break the ice, the icebreaking method of the ocean exploration ship is executed;

[0092] Step three, when the icebreaking method of step two fails to break the ice, execute the emergency rescue method of the ocean exploration ship.

[0093] The invention has reasonable design, low cost, strong durability, safety and reliability, simple operation, time-saving, labor-saving, money-saving, compact structure and convenient use. Compared with the traditional icebreaking scheme, the invention increases the driving force, reduces the maneuverability, increases the multi-level cooperation of icebreaking and the first rescue icebreaking, thereby reducing the difficulty of icebreaking of the ship, and realizes the forward maneuverability with the help of the drone.

[0094] The present invention increases the pressure and improves the icebreaking ability. The detection device 4 realizes the defoaming function. The slide rail realizes the guiding function and increases the pressure to improve the icebreaking ability. The bottom water permeable hole 9 reduces the pressure on the hull during travel. The ship water tank connecting pipe 11 is connected by a two-way pump, so as to realize the water exchange between each cabin and the middle water tank. The ship side water tank 12, the ship middle water tank 13, and the ship four corner water tanks 14 realize the tilting of the hull by using ballast water. The hull counterweight support plate 15, the hull counterweight slide rail 16, the hull counterweight push rod 17, the hull rolling counterweight body 18, and the hull safety rope 19 realize the movement or fixation of the side tilt. The icebreaker belt inclined seat bracket 20 plays a role in preventing loosening and avoiding the bolts from being stressed. The ice-breaking lower swinging ice-prick row 21 has two actions of spikes and surface row, thereby realizing the breaking of the ice surface. The ice-breaking driving part 22 realizes continuous breaking. The ice-breaking winch 23 realizes the upward drive through the ice-breaking pulling rope 24, and falls through its own weight. The ice-breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel 25 realizes the descent buffer. The ice-breaking first swing arm 26, the ice-breaking second swing arm 27, and the ice-breaking lower swing rod 28 realize the linkage similar to the turning table mechanism, thereby increasing the falling impulse. The ice-breaking lower punch 29 realizes the breaking of ice. The ice-breaking connecting spring rod 30 realizes continuous impact and can realize resonance. The detection pipeline 31 realizes the entry of seawater, the detection buffer tank 32 reduces the speed of seawater and diverts it, the detection safety pipe 33 has a safe overflow, the detection defoaming barbed net 35 realizes the crushing of large bubbles and the transformation of turbulent flow into laminar flow, the detection vacuum pump 36 realizes negative pressure suction to discharge the bubbles, and then, the pressure boosting and pressure difference supplementation is realized through the detection booster drainage pump group 39, the temporary storage tank 37 realizes seawater allocation, the detection multi-beam guide cover 38 realizes seawater output, reduces bubbles, and improves the detection rate, the detection water inlet breathable cover 40 realizes seawater output, the detection water inlet diversion slope 41 reduces resistance, the detection water permeable hole group 42 realizes filtration, reduces resistance, realizes bubble crushing, diversion, and detection. The gap 43 reduces the impact force in the middle, the rescue boat sled 44 realizes fast sliding, the rescue ice grabbing driving wheel 45 can realize braking, the rescue buoyancy air cushion 46 provides buoyancy, the rescue auxiliary hanging ring 47 realizes the connection with the drone, the rescue ice breaking mechanism 48 is a clever application of the turning mechanism, the rescue lifting belt 49, the rescue lifting support plate 50, the rescue telescopic top rod 51, the rescue telescopic guide sleeve 52, the rescue telescopic support 53, the rescue middle part 54, the rescue V-shaped guide block 55, the rescue lower punch guide sleeve 56, the rescue lower punch top rod 57, the rescue lower punch counterweight 58, the rescue oblique support hand 59, the rescue lower punch 60, and the rescue lower punch reset spring 61 realize free fall impact. Continuous operation.

Claims

1. A workflow based on an ocean exploration ship in polar exploration, characterized in that: When conducting polar expeditions, the workflow includes the following steps; Step 1, executing a working method of an ocean exploration ship; using an ocean exploration ship, the ocean exploration ship comprises a hull device (1); a bottom device (2) is arranged below the hull device (1); The hull device (1) comprises a ship ballast body (10); The ship bottom device (2) comprises a bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7) arranged below the ship ballast body (10); bottom guide arc surfaces (8) are provided at both ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7); and bottom water-permeable holes (9) are provided transversely on the bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7); A plurality of water tank compartments are arranged at the bottom of the ship ballast body (10), the water tank compartments comprising a ship middle water tank (13) located in the middle of the ship ballast body (10), ship four corner water tanks (14) located at four corners are arranged on both longitudinal sides of the ship middle water tank (13); ship side water tanks (12) are arranged on both lateral sides of the ship middle water tank (13); the ship side water tanks (12) and ship four corner water tanks (14) which are independent of each other are connected to the ship middle water tank (13) through their own ship water tank connecting pipes (11); the ship water tank connecting pipe (11) is provided with a pump station; A hull counterweight support plate (15) having a circulatively arranged hull counterweight slide rail (16) is arranged in the ballast body (10); a hull rolling counterweight body (18) is arranged in the hull counterweight slide rail (16), and the hull rolling counterweight body (18) is connected to the middle part of the ballast body (10) via a pulling rope; A hull counterweight push rod (17) is distributed on the hull counterweight supporting plate (15) to push or hold the hull rolling counterweight body (18) fixed on the hull counterweight supporting plate (15); When the ship ballast body (10) is traveling and breaking ice, the process includes the following steps: breaking ice by itself; First, ballast water is introduced into the ship's four corner water tanks (14) and / or the ship's side water tanks (12) with a sinking side through the ship's water tank connecting pipe (11), and at the same time, the ship's rolling counterweight body (18) is pushed and supported by the ship's hull counterweight push rod (17) to fix the ship's ballast body (10) on the ship's hull counterweight support plate (15), so that the ship's ballast body (10) is skewed; then, the ship's ballast body (10) impacts the sea ice layer and is slid onto the ice surface using the bottom guide arc surface (8); secondly, the bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7) presses down the ice layer; and thirdly, the ship's ballast body (10) is skewed toward the other side of the ice surface to break the ice; Step 2: When the icebreaking method of step 1 fails to break the ice, the icebreaking method of the ocean exploration ship is executed; Step three, when the icebreaking method of step two fails to break the ice, execute the emergency rescue method of the ocean exploration ship.

2. The workflow based on ocean exploration ship in polar exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, an icebreaking method for an ocean exploration ship is performed, with the aid of an icebreaking device, the icebreaking device comprising an icebreaking belt inclined seat bracket (20) installed at the bow of the ship, the icebreaking belt inclined seat bracket (20) having an inclined surface that contacts with a solid support of the hull and is arranged obliquely upward, so that the reverse impulse of icebreaking is obliquely transmitted to the solid support of the hull; The lower end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row (21) is also hingedly connected to the lower part of the front end of the hull, and an ice-breaking driving part (22) whose lower end is hingedly connected to the upper end of the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row (21) is provided at the upper part of the front end of the hull to drive the ice-breaking swinging ice-piercing row (21) to break and pierce the ice surface; The lower ends of a first icebreaking swing arm (26) and a second icebreaking swing arm (27) are respectively hingedly connected to the icebreaking belt inclined seat bracket (20) and are arranged front and rear along the direction of the ship body; An ice-breaking winch (23) is arranged on the ice-breaking belt inclined seat bracket (20), and the ice-breaking winch (23) outputs an ice-breaking pulling rope (24); the power gear of the ice-breaking winch (23) is meshed with the winch gear shaft, and the power gear is a fan-shaped gear or a sliding gear; An ice-breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel (25) is arranged on the hinged wheel shaft of the first ice-breaking swing arm (26) or the second ice-breaking swing arm (27); the output end of the ice-breaking pulling rope (24) is wound around the head of the first ice-breaking swing arm (26) or the second ice-breaking swing arm (27); An ice-breaking lower swinging rod (28) is hingedly connected to the head of the first ice-breaking swinging arm (26), and the middle portion of the ice-breaking lower swinging rod (28) is hingedly connected to the head of the second ice-breaking swinging arm (27); The lower end of the ice-breaking lower swing rod (28) is connected to an ice-breaking lower punch (29) via an ice-breaking connecting spring rod (30) to hammer the ice surface. At this time, the ice-breaking first swing arm (26) and the ice-breaking second swing arm (27) form an X shape; When the sea ice is lower than the set thickness, the first scheme is activated. First, the ice-breaking driving unit (22) including the crankshaft connecting rod assembly is activated. Then, the ice-breaking driving unit (22) drives the ice-breaking lower swinging ice-piercing row (21) to swing, and the ice-breaking lower swinging ice-piercing row (21) breaks and pierces the ice surface. When the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, the second scheme is activated. First, the hoisting gear shaft is driven to mesh and rotate through the fan gear or the sliding gear, so that the icebreaking winch (23) drives the first icebreaking swing arm (26) and the second icebreaking swing arm (27) to move backward in linkage through the icebreaking pulling rope (24), so that the icebreaking lower swing rod (28) swings upward; then, when the hoisting gear shaft reaches the toothless portion of the fan gear or separates from the sliding gear, under the action of the deadweight of the icebreaking lower swing rod (28), the icebreaking winch (23) outputs the icebreaking pulling rope (24), the first icebreaking swing arm (26) and the second icebreaking swing arm (27) move forward in linkage, so that the icebreaking lower swing rod (28) swings downward, and the icebreaking lower punch (29) hammers the ice surface, and continuous hammering is achieved through the spring force of the icebreaking connecting spring rod (30).

3. The workflow based on ocean exploration ship in polar exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step three, a rescue method of an ocean exploration ship is executed, with the aid of a rescue device, the rescue device comprising a rescue boat body and a rescue drone group (5) carried by the ocean exploration ship; a rescue ice crushing component (6) is arranged on the rescue boat body; A rescue boat sled (44) is arranged at the bottom of the rescue boat body for sliding on the sea ice surface; multiple groups of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels (45) are arranged on both sides of the rescue boat sled (44) for gripping the sea ice surface for walking and / or preventing backward movement; a rescue buoyancy air cushion (46) is arranged on the rescue boat body to enable the rescue boat body to float in the sea water; rescue auxiliary hanging rings (47) are distributed at the four corners of the rescue boat body to be connected to the rescue drone group (5) through a pulling rope; The emergency ice-breaking component (6) is used for pre-breaking ice on the forward path of the ocean exploration ship; The emergency ice-breaking assembly (6) includes scheme a and / or an emergency ice-breaking mechanism (48); When scheme a is included, scheme a comprises a rescue lifting belt (49) vertically arranged on the rescue boat body; a plurality of rescue lifting support plates (50) are hingedly connected to the rescue lifting belt (49); rescue telescopic guide sleeves (52) are distributed on the rescue lifting belt (49); a rescue telescopic top rod (51) for extending out to support the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate (50) is arranged on the rescue telescopic guide sleeve (52); a rescue V-shaped guide block (55) is vertically arranged on the upper part of the rescue middle part (54) of the rescue lifting belt (49); a rescue telescopic support (53) located in the rescue middle part (54) is provided at the tail end of the rescue telescopic top rod (51); the rescue V-shaped guide block (55) is used to contact the rescue telescopic support (53) of the upward section to retract the rescue telescopic top rod (51) so that the rescue lifting support plate (50) swings downward; A rescue downstroke guide sleeve (56) is arranged below the outer side of the upward section of the rescue lifting belt (49), a rescue downstroke top rod (57) is raised and lowered in the rescue downstroke guide sleeve (56), a rescue downstroke head (60) is arranged at the lower end of the rescue downstroke top rod (57) to impact the sea ice surface, a rescue downstroke counterweight (58) is arranged on the rescue downstroke top rod (57), and a rescue oblique support (59) is arranged on the rescue downstroke counterweight (58), the lower surface of which is used to contact with the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate (50) in an upward horizontal state to be lifted, and to separate from the upper surface of the rescue lifting support plate (50) in a downward swing shape to be lowered, and the rescue downstroke head (60) impacts the ice surface, and a rescue downstroke reset spring (61) is arranged between the rescue downstroke top rod (57) and the rescue downstroke guide sleeve (56) to enable the rescue downstroke head (60) to impact the ice surface multiple times; When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism (48) is included, the emergency ice-breaking mechanism (48) has the same structure as the ice-breaking device (3); The rescue method includes the following steps, provided that the rescue drone group (5) tows the rescue boat body forward on the path of the ocean exploration ship; When the rescue lower punch (60) strikes the ice, first, it grips the sea ice surface through the multiple groups of rescue ice grabbing driving wheels (45); then, the rescue telescopic push rod (51) extends out to support the lower surface of the rescue lifting support plate (50), so that the rescue lifting support plate (50) supports the rescue oblique support hand (59), and drives the rescue lower punch (60) to rise through the rescue lower punch push rod (57); secondly, the rescue lower punch push rod (57) ascends to the top, and the rescue telescopic support (53) of the ascending section ascends along the rescue V-shaped guide block (55), retracts the rescue telescopic push rod (51), and the rescue lifting support plate (50) falls downward under the action of the rescue lower punch counterweight (58) to strike the ice surface, and the rescue lower punch reset spring (61) enables the rescue lower punch (60) to strike the ice surface multiple times; When the emergency ice-breaking mechanism (48) and the emergency lower punch (60) are simultaneously breaking ice, the frequency and amplitude of the emergency ice-breaking mechanism (48) and the emergency lower punch (60) are adjusted to resonate and break ice.

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