A tipping counterweight device and a detachment method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tipping counterweight device and a dropping method. The tipping counterweight device includes a tower crane arm, a counterweight, a triggering and pin-pulling device; a slewing upper support is arranged below the tower crane arm, one side of the top of the slewing upper support close to the rear end of the tower crane arm is hinged to the tower crane arm, and one side of the top of the slewing upper support close to the front end of the tower crane arm is detachably connected to the tower crane arm; the counterweight is located in the counterweight arm at the rear end of the tower crane arm, and the counterweight includes a box body, a drawplate and a plurality of rollers; the triggering and pin-pulling device is connected to the drawplate, can pull the drawplate to move rightward on the counterweight arm, and the triggering and pin-pulling device can release the limiting state of the relative position between the drawplate and the box body; the triggering and pin-pulling device cooperates to control the unloading of the counterweight. The present invention can offset the rearward tipping moment generated by sudden unloading due to sudden working conditions and achieve the effect of anti-overturning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an inspection device, in particular to a tipping type counterweight device and a shedding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The counterweight is an important part of a tower crane, generally installed at the left end of the counter jib. Its function is to generate a rearward tipping moment to balance the bending moment generated by the boom and the suspended load, ensuring that the bending moment on the tower crane tower body is minimized and the tower body will not be damaged due to the lifting moment.

[0003] The existing counterweights of tower cranes are of two types: fixed type and detachable type. After the fixed counterweight is installed, the tower crane cannot actively adjust the rearward tipping moment generated by the counter jib part. Therefore, for tower cranes with fixed counterweights, only by enhancing the overall and local structural strength of the tower body or adjusting the mass distribution can the anti-overturning performance of the tower crane be improved. However, for super-large tower cranes, it is very difficult to significantly improve the overturning moment of the tower crane by enhancing the overall and local structural strength of the tower body or adjusting the mass distribution. The main body of the existing detachable counterweight is made of steel plates or steel bars, and the mass of each counterweight is relatively large. Therefore, when the counterweight falls to the ground after detachment, it has a great destructive force on the ground, and there is a great safety risk of flying gravel generated by the collision with the ground.

[0004] Super-large tower cranes (also known as "extra-large tower cranes") have the characteristics of heavy hoisting components, high construction height, and large operation span. However, with the continuous increase in the weight of the hoisting components in construction projects, super-large tower cranes are restricted by factors such as the size of the construction site, construction conditions, and material properties, and cannot solely rely on enhancing the structure and adjusting the mass distribution to improve the anti-overturning performance.

[0005] When sudden unloading conditions such as broken ropes and dropped anchors occur in the tower crane, the boom of the tower crane will bear an upward rebound force equal to the gravity of the hoisting component and generate a rearward tipping moment towards the counter jib direction. Coupled with the moment generated by the counterweight, the two moments will exceed the anti-overturning moment of the tower crane or the load-bearing limit of the tower crane itself, resulting in the collapse of the tower or the damage of the tower crane structure, thus causing major safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tipping type counterweight device and a shedding method in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. A box body is arranged at the tail of the counter jib of the tipping type counterweight device, and granular counterweight fillers can be filled into the box body. A drawplate is arranged at the bottom of the box body. When the drawplate is pulled out, the counterweight fillers can pour and shed from the box body.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A tipping balance weight device, comprising a tower crane arm, a balance weight, a triggering and pin-pulling device, wherein:

[0009] A slewing upper support is arranged below the tower crane arm. One side of the top of the slewing upper support close to the rear end of the tower crane arm is hinged to the tower crane arm, and one side of the top of the slewing upper support close to the front end of the tower crane arm is detachably connected to the tower crane arm;

[0010] The balance weight is located in the counterweight arm at the rear end of the tower crane arm. The balance weight includes a box body, a draw plate and a plurality of rollers;

[0011] The bottom of the box body is an open surface, and the box body is connected to the counterweight arm; the size of the draw plate is adapted to the size of the open surface at the bottom of the box body, and the draw plate is slidably connected to the box body. When the draw plate slides to be directly below the box body, a closed space is formed between the box body and the draw plate, and the closed space can be filled with counterweight filling materials; a plurality of rollers are arranged at the bottom of the draw plate, and the plurality of rollers drive the draw plate to move along the extending direction of the tower crane arm;

[0012] The triggering and pin-pulling device includes a guide wheel set, a traction steel wire rope, a stop rod, a pin-pulling steel wire rope, and a limit pin shaft;

[0013] The guide wheel set is arranged along the extending direction of the tower crane arm. One end of the traction steel wire rope is connected to the side of the slewing upper support away from the balance weight, the traction steel wire rope passes through the guide wheel set, and then the other end of the traction steel wire rope is connected to the side of the draw plate facing the front end of the tower crane arm;

[0014] The stop rod is arranged near the draw plate and fixed on the tower crane arm. One end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope is connected to the side of the slewing upper support away from the balance weight, the pin-pulling steel wire rope passes through the guide wheel set, and then a limit pin shaft is arranged at the other end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope. The limit pin shaft cooperates with the stop rod and the draw plate to form a plug-in structure. When the limit pin shaft is inserted into the stop rod and the draw plate, the relative position between the draw plate and the open surface at the bottom of the box body is fixed. When the limit pin shaft is pulled out, the limit pin shaft is separated from the stop rod and the draw plate, and the relative position between the draw plate and the open surface at the bottom of the box body can be adjusted;

[0015] When a sudden unloading generates a rearward tipping moment, the tower crane arm takes the hinge point with the slewing upper support as the center, the front end of the tower crane arm tilts upward, both the pin-pulling steel wire rope and the traction steel wire rope are pulled. The pin-pulling steel wire rope pulls the limit pin shaft to separate from the stop rod and the draw plate, and the traction steel wire rope pulls the draw plate to move towards the front end of the tower crane arm, the open surface at the bottom of the box body is gradually exposed, the counterweight filling materials pour and fall off from the inside of the box body, the weight at the rear end of the tower crane arm is instantaneously reduced, reducing the rearward tipping moment of the tower crane, so as to offset the rearward tipping moment generated by the sudden unloading and achieve anti-overturning.

[0016] As a further preference of the present invention, the guide wheel set includes a first guide wheel, a second guide wheel, a third guide wheel, a fourth guide wheel and a fifth guide wheel, wherein:

[0017] A guide wheel 4, a guide wheel 5, a guide wheel 1, and a guide wheel 3 are sequentially arranged from the front end to the rear end of the tower crane arm along the extension direction of the tower crane arm. The guide wheel 4, the guide wheel 5, the guide wheel 1, and the guide wheel 3 are all arranged close to the top of the tower crane arm. The guide wheel 4 is located at the side of the tower crane arm away from the balance arm, the guide wheel 5 is located at the side of the balance arm away from the counterweight, and the guide wheel 1 and the guide wheel 3 are both arranged close to the counterweight.

[0018] The second guide wheel is arranged below the first guide wheel, and the tangent line below the second guide wheel is in the plane where the draw plate is located;

[0019] From the end where the traction wire rope is connected to the upper slewing support to the end where the traction wire rope is connected to the draw plate, the traction wire rope passes through the guide wheel 4, the guide wheel 5, the guide wheel 1, and the guide wheel 2 in sequence;

[0020] From one end of the pin pulling wire rope connected to the slewing upper support to the other end of the pin pulling wire rope, the pin pulling wire rope passes through guide wheel four, guide wheel five, guide wheel one, and guide wheel three in sequence.

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trigger and pin pulling device also includes ear plate one and ear plate two. Ear plate one is provided at the connection between the rotating upper support and the traction wire rope, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to ear plate one, and one end of the pin pulling wire rope is connected to ear plate one; ear plate two is provided on the side of the withdrawal plate facing the front end of the tower crane arm, and the other end of the traction wire rope is connected to ear plate two.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a stop device for limiting the maximum distance that the drawer can move, the stop device is arranged on the balance arm, and the stop device is arranged at a position closest to the counterweight when the drawer only covers half of the opening surface at the bottom of the box body and the drawer is in a position facing the side of the tower crane arm.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a feed inlet, which is opened at a position close to the top of any side wall of the box body or on the top surface of the box body.

[0024] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a feed cover, which covers the feed port.

[0025] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the counterweight filler is a granular material with a density of 2-7.8 g / cm3, and the granular material includes one or more of river sand, crushed stone and iron filings.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tension of the pin-pulling wire rope is higher than the tension of the traction wire rope.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a discharge port and a discharge cover; the discharge port is arranged at a position close to the bottom of any side wall of the box body, and the discharge cover is covered on the discharge port.

[0028] A method for shedding using a dumping type counterweight device is also provided, including the following steps:

[0029] First step, counterweight trimming:

[0030] Fill the box body with granular counterweight filling materials so that the tower crane arm maintains a horizontally arranged state during normal working conditions;

[0031] Second step, install the triggering and pin pulling device:

[0032] Arrange a guide pulley group on the tower crane arm, then connect one end of the traction steel wire rope and the pin pulling steel wire rope to the side of the upper slewing bearing away from the counterweight. The other end of the traction steel wire rope passes through the guide pulley group and is connected to the extraction plate. The pin pulling steel wire rope passes through the guide pulley group, and the limit pin shaft at the other end of the pin pulling steel wire rope is inserted into the retaining rod and the extraction plate. At this time, there is no displacement limit pin shaft between the extraction plate and the box body to limit the relative position between the extraction plate and the box body;

[0033] Third step, when a sudden unloading generates a rearward tipping moment:

[0034] The tower crane arm takes the hinge point with the upper slewing bearing as the center, and the front end of the tower crane arm tilts upward. Both the pin pulling steel wire rope and the traction steel wire rope are pulled. The pin pulling steel wire rope pulls the limit pin shaft to separate from the retaining rod and the extraction plate, and the traction steel wire rope pulls the extraction plate to move towards the front end of the tower crane arm. The bottom opening surface of the box body is gradually exposed, and the counterweight filling materials pour and fall off from the inside of the box body, thereby offsetting the rearward tipping moment generated by the sudden working condition.

[0035] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] When sudden unloading conditions such as broken ropes and dropped anchors occur in the tower crane, the boom tilts upward under the action of the rebound force, driving the triggering and pin pulling device. Under the action of the triggering and pin pulling device, the extraction plate at the bottom of the box body is pulled away from the root of the arm, and the counterweight filling materials can pour and fall off from the inside of the box body. The weight at the tail of the counterweight arm is instantly reduced, that is, the rearward tipping moment of the tower crane is reduced, thereby offsetting the rearward tipping moment generated by the sudden unloading and achieving the anti-overturning effect. Since the counterweight filling materials are particulate matter, even if they fall from a relatively high counterweight arm to the ground, the impact force on the ground is relatively small, reducing the damage to the ground and improving safety. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dumping type counterweight device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural state of the counterweight when not dumping in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural state of the counterweight when dumping in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is the front view of the counterweight in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is the left view of the counterweight in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is the top view of the counterweight in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 It is the structural schematic diagram of the stop device in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of the balance arm in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the upper swing bearing and the boom in the present invention.

[0046] Figure 10 It is the structural schematic diagram of the upper swing bearing and the balance arm in the present invention.

[0047] Figure 11 It is the structural schematic diagram a of the trigger and pin pulling device in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 12 It is the structural schematic diagram b of the trigger and pin pulling device in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 13 It is the structural schematic diagram when the limit pin shaft of the trigger and pin pulling device is pulled out in the present invention.

[0050] Among them: 10. Tower crane arm; 11. Balance arm; 111. Diagonal bar; 12. Boom;

[0051] 20. Upper swing bearing;

[0052] 30. Counterweight; 31. Box body; 311. Feeding cover; 312. Discharging cover; 32. Drawer plate; 33. Roller;

[0053] 40. Stop device;

[0054] 50. Guide wheel set; 51. Guide wheel one; 52. Guide wheel two; 53. Guide wheel three; 54. Guide wheel four; 55. Guide wheel five;

[0055] 61. Traction steel wire rope; 62. Ear plate one; 63. Ear plate two;

[0056] 71. Limit pin shaft; 72. Pin pulling steel wire rope; 73. Shift lever. Detailed implementation mode

[0057] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific preferred implementation modes.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second", etc. do not represent the importance of the parts, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. The specific dimensions adopted in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution by way of example and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] In the prior art, the tower crane arm 10 includes a counterweight arm 11 and a boom 12. The counterweight arm 11 is connected to the boom 12. A slewing upper support 20 is provided below the connection between the counterweight arm 11 and the boom 12. The tower crane arm 10 is horizontally arranged on the slewing upper support 20. The counterweight arm 11 is the rear end of the tower crane arm 10, and the boom 12 is the front end of the tower crane arm 10. A number of diagonal rods 111 are provided on the side of the counterweight arm 11. Embodiment 1

[0060] As Figures 1 to 13 shown, a tipping counterweight device. This tipping counterweight device includes a tower crane arm 10, a counterweight 30, a triggering and pin-pulling device. The specific structure is as follows:

[0061] Below the above-mentioned tower crane arm 10 is a slewing upper support 20. One side of the top of the slewing upper support 20 close to the rear end of the tower crane arm 10 is hinged to the tower crane arm 10 (that is, one side of the top of the slewing upper support 20 close to the counterweight arm 11 is hinged to the counterweight arm 11), and one side of the top of the slewing upper support 20 close to the front end of the tower crane arm 10 is detachably connected to the tower crane arm 10 (that is, one side of the top of the slewing upper support 20 close to the boom 12 is detachably connected to the boom 12). Specifically, when the tower crane arm 10 is in the normal working state, the boom 12 contacts the slewing upper support 20. When the boom 12 of the tower crane arm 10 tilts upward due to a sudden unloading of the tower crane, the boom 12 disengages from the slewing upper support 20. At this time, the tower crane arm 10 rotates around the hinge point between the counterweight arm 11 and the slewing upper support 20.

[0062] The above-mentioned counterweight 30 is located inside the counterweight arm 11 at the rear end of the tower crane arm 10. The counterweight 30 includes a box body 31, a draw plate 32 and a number of rollers 33.

[0063] The bottom of the box body 31 is an open surface, and the box body 31 is connected to the counterweight arm 11. Preferably, the cross-section of the box body 31 is rectangular, and the box body 31 is welded to the counterweight arm 11. The volume range of the box body 31 is 15 - 30 cubic meters.

[0064] The size of the drawboard 32 is adapted to the size of the opening surface at the bottom of the box body 31 (i.e., the drawboard 32 can completely cover the opening surface at the bottom of the box body 31), and the drawboard 32 is slidably connected to the box body 31. When the drawboard 32 slides to be directly below the box body 31, a closed space is formed between the box body 31 and the drawboard 32, and a weight filling material can be filled in the closed space. The weight filling material is particulate matter with a density of 2-7.8 g / cm 3 , so that the weight of the counterweight 30 meets the design requirements of the tower crane; preferably, the particulate matter includes one or more of river sand, gravel and iron filings.

[0065] A plurality of rollers 33 are arranged at the bottom of the drawboard 32, and the plurality of rollers 33 are slidably connected to the counterweight arm 11, and the plurality of rollers 33 drive the drawboard 32 to move along the extending direction of the tower crane arm 10. The rollers 33 reduce the friction between the drawboard 32 and the counterweight arm 11, ensuring that the drawboard 32 can be pulled out from the bottom of the box body 31 due to excessive friction.

[0066] The above-mentioned triggering and pin-pulling device includes a guide wheel set 50, a traction steel wire rope 61, a stop lever 73, a pin-pulling steel wire rope 72, and a limit pin shaft 71.

[0067] The guide wheel set 50 is arranged along the extending direction of the tower crane arm 10. One end of the traction steel wire rope 61 is connected to the side of the upper slewing support 20 away from the counterweight 30, the traction steel wire rope 61 passes through the guide wheel set 50, and then the other end of the traction steel wire rope 61 is connected to the side of the drawboard 32 facing the front end of the tower crane arm 10.

[0068] Specifically, the guide wheel set 50 includes a guide wheel one 51, a guide wheel two 52, a guide wheel three 53, a guide wheel four 54, and a guide wheel five 55. The guide wheel four 54, the guide wheel five 55, the guide wheel one 51, and the guide wheel three 53 are sequentially arranged from the front end to the rear end of the tower crane arm 10 along the extending direction of the tower crane arm 10. The guide wheel four 54, the guide wheel five 55, the guide wheel one 51, and the guide wheel three 53 are all arranged close to the upper side of the tower crane arm 10. The guide wheel four 54 is on the side of the tower crane arm 10 away from the counterweight arm 11, the guide wheel five 55 is on the side of the counterweight arm 11 away from the counterweight 30, and the guide wheel one 51 and the guide wheel three 53 are both arranged close to the counterweight 30. The guide wheel two 52 is arranged below the guide wheel one 51, and the tangent line below the guide wheel two 52 is in the plane where the drawboard 32 is located. From the end of the traction steel wire rope 61 connected to the upper slewing support 20 to the end of the traction steel wire rope 61 connected to the drawboard 32, the traction steel wire rope 61 sequentially passes through the guide wheel four 54, the guide wheel five 55, the guide wheel one 51, and the guide wheel two 52. From the end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 connected to the upper slewing support 20 to the other end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72, the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 sequentially passes through the guide wheel four 54, the guide wheel five 55, the guide wheel one 51, and the guide wheel three 53.

[0069] The gear lever 73 is arranged and fixed on the tower crane arm 10 near the position of the extraction plate 32 (using the existing structure of the tower crane arm 10, the gear lever 73 can be directly arranged on the diagonal rod 111). One end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 is connected to the side of the upper slewing bearing 20 away from the counterweight 30. The pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 passes through the guide pulley group 50, and then a limit pin shaft 71 is arranged at the other end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72. The limit pin shaft 71 cooperates with the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32 to form a plug-in structure. When the limit pin shaft 71 is inserted into the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32, the relative position between the extraction plate 32 and the bottom opening surface of the box body 31 is fixed. When the limit pin shaft 71 is pulled out and separated from the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32, the relative position between the extraction plate 32 and the bottom opening surface of the box body 31 can be adjusted. Preferably, through holes are opened on both the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32, and when the extraction plate 32 is directly below the box body 31, the through holes on the extraction plate 32 are coaxial with the through holes on the baffle 73. The limit pin shaft 71 can pass through the through holes on the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32, thereby limiting the relative position between the extraction plate 32 and the box body 31 and preventing the extraction plate 32 from sliding due to misoperation, ensuring that the extraction plate 32 does not slide during normal operation.

[0070] When a sudden unloading generates a tipping moment, the tower crane arm 10 takes the hinge point with the upper slewing bearing 20 as the center, and the front end of the tower crane arm 10 tilts upward. Both the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 and the traction steel wire rope 61 are pulled. The pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 pulls the limit pin shaft 71 to separate from the gear lever 73 and the extraction plate 32, and the traction steel wire rope 61 pulls the extraction plate 32 to move towards the front end of the tower crane arm 10. The bottom opening surface of the box body 31 is gradually exposed, and the counterweight filling material pours and falls off from the inside of the box body 31. The weight at the rear end of the tower crane arm 10 decreases instantly, reducing the tipping moment of the tower crane, thereby offsetting the tipping moment generated by sudden unloading and achieving anti-overturning.

[0071] This implementation scheme of the trigger and pin-pulling device further includes a first ear plate 62 and a second ear plate 63. A first ear plate 62 is provided at the connection between the upper slewing bearing 20 and the traction steel wire rope 61. One end of the traction steel wire rope 61 is connected to the first ear plate 62, and one end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 is also connected to the first ear plate 62. A second ear plate 63 is provided on the side of the extraction plate 32 facing the front end of the tower crane arm 10. The other end of the traction steel wire rope 61 is connected to the second ear plate 63.

[0072] In order to facilitate filling the counterweight filling material into the closed space formed between the box body 31 and the extraction plate 32 in this implementation scheme, a feeding port is opened at a position near the top of any side wall of the box body 31 or on the top surface of the box body 31. The counterweight filling material is filled into the closed space formed between the box body 31 and the extraction plate 32 through the feeding port. And in this implementation scheme, a feeding cover 311 is covered on the feeding port to prevent water from entering the box body 31.

[0073] This implementation also includes a discharge opening and a discharge cover 312. The discharge opening is provided at a position near the bottom of any side wall of the box body 31, and the discharge cover 312 covers the discharge opening. Preferably, the discharge opening is provided at the bottom position of the side wall of the box body 31 facing away from the front end of the tower crane arm 10. When the counterweight 30 is being balanced and the counterweight filler is filled too much, causing the balance arm 11 to be lower than the boom 12, some of the counterweight filler in the box body 31 needs to be unloaded. At this time, unloading is carried out through the discharge opening. When the tower crane arm needs to be transported, the counterweight filler in the counterweight 30 needs to be unloaded. First, place the balance arm 11 on the ground, remove the drawplate 32, and then lift the balance arm 11 to achieve the purpose of unloading.

[0074] This implementation also includes a stop device 40 for limiting the maximum distance that the drawplate 32 can move. The stop device 40 is provided on the balance arm 11. The position where the stop device 40 is provided is the position where the side of the drawplate 32 facing the tower crane arm 10 is located when the drawplate 32 only covers half of the bottom opening surface of the box body 31 at the position closest to the counterweight 30. After the drawplate 32 is pulled out from the bottom of the box body 31 under the action of the trigger and pin removal device and moves a certain distance along the root direction of the balance arm 11, the roller 33 hits the stop device 40 and stops moving further in the root direction of the balance arm 11. The stop device 40 ensures that the drawplate 32 will not rush out of the balance arm 11 frame.

[0075] In this implementation, by adjusting the tension of the towing wire rope 61 and the pin removal wire rope 72, making the tension of the pin removal wire rope 72 higher than that of the towing wire rope 61, it can be ensured that the limit pin 71 is pulled out first and then the drawplate 32 is pulled.

[0076] When the tower crane is working normally, the towing wire rope 61 and the pin removal wire rope 72 do not act. When a sudden unloading condition occurs, the boom 12 tilts upward under the action of inertia force. Through mechanical linkage, the towing wire rope 61 and the pin removal wire rope 72 are pulled. The limit pin 71 is pulled upward under the drive of the pin removal wire rope 72. At this time, the drawplate 32 is in an unlocked state and moves towards the root of the arm under the drive of the towing wire rope 61.

[0077] A method for the shedding of a dumping type counterweight includes the following steps:

[0078] The first step, balancing the counterweight 30:

[0079] Fill the box body 31 with granular counterweight filler so that the tower crane arm 10 maintains a horizontally arranged state during normal operation;

[0080] The second step, installing the trigger and pin removal device:

[0081] Arrange the guide pulley set 50 on the tower crane arm 10. Then connect one end of the towing steel wire rope 61 and the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 to the side of the upper swing bearing 20 away from the counterweight 30. The other end of the towing steel wire rope 61 passes through the guide pulley set 50 and is connected to the drawplate 32. The pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 passes through the guide pulley set 50. The limit pin shaft 71 at the other end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 is inserted into the retaining rod 73 and the drawplate 32. At this time, there is no displacement limit pin shaft between the drawplate 32 and the box body 31 to limit the relative position between the drawplate 32 and the box body 31.

[0082] The third step, when a sudden unloading generates a tipping moment backward:

[0083] The tower crane arm 10 takes the hinge point with the upper swing bearing 20 as the center, and the front end of the tower crane arm 10 tilts upward. Both the pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 and the towing steel wire rope 61 are pulled. The pin-pulling steel wire rope 72 pulls the limit pin shaft 71 to separate from the retaining rod 73 and the drawplate 32. The towing steel wire rope 61 pulls the drawplate 32 to move towards the front end of the tower crane arm 10, and the bottom opening surface of the box body 31 is gradually exposed. The counterweight filling material pours and falls off from the inside of the box body 31, so as to offset the tipping moment backward generated by the sudden working condition.

[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tipping counterweight device, characterized in that: It comprises a tower crane arm (10), a counterweight (30), a trigger and pin pulling device, wherein: A slewing upper support (20) is arranged below the tower crane arm (10); a side of the top of the slewing upper support (20) close to the rear end of the tower crane arm (10) is hinged to the tower crane arm (10); and a side of the top of the slewing upper support (20) close to the front end of the tower crane arm (10) is detachably connected to the tower crane arm (10); The counterweight (30) is located in the counterweight arm (11) at the rear end of the tower crane arm (10), and the counterweight (30) includes a box body (31), a draw plate (32) and a plurality of rollers (33); The bottom of the box body (31) is an open surface, and the box body (31) is connected to the balance arm (11); the size of the draw plate (32) matches the size of the bottom open surface of the box body (31), and the draw plate (32) and the box body (31) are slidably connected. When the draw plate (32) slides to be located directly below the box body (31), a closed space is formed between the box body (31) and the draw plate (32), and a counterweight filler can be filled in the closed space; a plurality of rollers (33) are arranged at the bottom of the draw plate (32), and the plurality of rollers (33) drive the draw plate (32) to move along the extension direction of the tower crane arm (10); The trigger and pin pulling device comprises a guide wheel group (50), a traction wire rope (61), a shift lever (73), a pin pulling wire rope (72), and a limit pin shaft (71); The guide wheel group (50) is arranged along the extension direction of the tower crane arm (10), one end of the traction wire rope (61) is connected to a side of the slewing upper support (20) away from the counterweight (30), the traction wire rope (61) passes through the guide wheel group (50), and then the other end of the traction wire rope (61) is connected to a side of the draw plate (32) toward the front end of the tower crane arm (10); The shift rod (73) is arranged near the draw plate (32) and fixed on the tower crane arm (10); one end of the pin-pulling wire rope (72) is connected to the side of the slewing upper support (20) away from the counterweight (30); the pin-pulling wire rope (72) passes through the guide wheel group (50); and then a limit pin shaft (71) is arranged at the other end of the pin-pulling wire rope (72); the limit pin shaft (71) cooperates with the shift rod (73) and the draw plate (32) to form a plug-in structure; when the limit pin shaft (71) is plugged into the shift rod (73) and the draw plate (32), the relative position between the draw plate (32) and the bottom opening surface of the box body (31) is fixed; when the limit pin shaft (71) is pulled out, the limit pin shaft (71) is separated from the shift rod (73) and the draw plate (32), and the relative position between the draw plate (32) and the bottom opening surface of the box body (31) is adjustable; When a backward tilting moment is generated by sudden unloading, the tower crane arm (10) is tilted upward with the hinge point between the tower crane arm (10) and the slewing upper support (20) as the center, and the front end of the tower crane arm (10) is tilted upward. The pin pulling wire rope (72) and the traction wire rope (61) are both pulled, and the pin pulling wire rope (72) pulls the limit pin shaft (71) and the stop rod (73) and the draw plate (32) to separate, and the traction wire rope (61) pulls the draw plate (32) to move toward the front end of the tower crane arm (10), and the bottom opening of the box body (31) is gradually exposed. The counterweight filling material pours out from the inside of the box body (31), and the weight at the rear end of the tower crane arm (10) is instantly reduced, reducing the backward tilting moment of the tower crane, thereby offsetting the backward tilting moment generated by the sudden unloading, and achieving anti-overturning.

2. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wheel assembly (50) comprises a guide wheel 1 (51), a guide wheel 2 (52), a guide wheel 3 (53), a guide wheel 4 (54) and a guide wheel 5 (55), wherein: A guide wheel four (54), a guide wheel five (55), a guide wheel one (51), and a guide wheel three (53) are sequentially arranged from the front end to the rear end of the tower crane arm (10) along the extension direction of the tower crane arm (10); the guide wheel four (54), the guide wheel five (55), the guide wheel one (51), and the guide wheel three (53) are all arranged close to the top of the tower crane arm (10); the guide wheel four (54) is located on a side of the tower crane arm (10) away from the balance arm (11); the guide wheel five (55) is located on a side of the balance arm (11) away from the counterweight (30); and the guide wheel one (51) and the guide wheel three (53) are all arranged close to the counterweight (30); The second guide wheel (52) is arranged below the first guide wheel (51), and the tangent line below the second guide wheel (52) is located in the plane where the draw plate (32) is located; From the end of the traction wire rope (61) connected to the slewing upper support (20) to the end of the traction wire rope (61) connected to the draw plate (32), the traction wire rope (61) passes through the guide wheel four (54), the guide wheel five (55), the guide wheel one (51), and the guide wheel two (52) in sequence; From the pin-pulling wire rope (72) connected to one end of the rotary upper support (20) to the other end of the pin-pulling wire rope (72), the pin-pulling wire rope (72) passes through the guide wheel four (54), the guide wheel five (55), the guide wheel one (51), and the guide wheel three (53) in sequence.

3. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger and pin pulling device further comprises an ear plate 1 (62) and an ear plate 2 (63); the ear plate 1 (62) is provided at the connection between the slewing upper support (20) and the traction wire rope (61); one end of the traction wire rope (61) is connected to the ear plate 1 (62); and one end of the pin pulling wire rope (72) is connected to the ear plate 1 (62); and the side of the draw plate (32) facing the front end of the tower crane arm (10) is provided with an ear plate 2 (63); the other end of the traction wire rope (61) is connected to the ear plate 2 (63).

4. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a stop device (40) for defining the limit distance that the draw plate (32) can move. The stop device (40) is arranged on the balance arm (11). The position where the stop device (40) is arranged is the position on the side of the draw plate (32) facing the tower crane arm (10) when the draw plate (32) only covers half of the bottom opening surface of the box body (31), which is the closest position to the counterweight (30).

5. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a feed inlet, which is opened at a position near the top of any side wall of the box body (31) or on the top surface of the box body (31).

6. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes a feed cover (311), and the feed cover (311) covers the feed inlet.

7. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight filler is particulate matter with a density of 2 - 7.8 g / cm 3 , and the particulate matter includes one or more of river sand, crushed stone, and iron filings.

8. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension of the pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) is higher than that of the traction steel wire rope (61).

9. The tipping counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a discharge port and a discharge cover (312); the discharge port is arranged at a position near the bottom of any side wall of the box body (31), and the discharge cover (312) covers the discharge port.

10. The method for detachment of the tipping counterweight device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: The first step, counterweight (30) balancing: Filling granular counterweight filling materials into the box body (31) to keep the tower crane arm (10) in a horizontally arranged state during normal working conditions; The second step, installing the triggering and pin-pulling device: Arranging a guide pulley group (50) on the tower crane arm (10), and then connecting one ends of the traction steel wire rope (61) and the pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) to the side of the upper swing bearing (20) facing away from the counterweight (30). The other end of the traction steel wire rope (61) passes through the guide pulley group (50) and is connected to the draw plate (32). The pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) passes through the guide pulley group (50), and the limit pin shaft (71) at the other end of the pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) is inserted into the retaining rod (73) and the draw plate (32). At this time, there is no displacement limit pin shaft (71) between the draw plate (32) and the box body (31) to define the relative position between the draw plate (32) and the box body (31). The third step, when a sudden unloading generates a rearward tilting moment: With the hinge point between the tower crane arm (10) and the upper swing bearing (20) as the center, the front end of the tower crane arm (10) tilts upward. Both the pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) and the traction steel wire rope (61) are pulled. The pin-pulling steel wire rope (72) pulls the limit pin shaft (71) to separate from the retaining rod (73) and the draw plate (32), and the traction steel wire rope (61) pulls the draw plate (32) to move towards the front end of the tower crane arm (10). The bottom opening surface of the box body (31) is gradually exposed, and the counterweight filling materials pour and fall off from the inside of the box body (31), thereby offsetting the rearward tilting moment generated by the sudden working condition.

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