A high-quality perovskite thin film and a preparation method of a solar cell thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a high-quality perovskite thin film and a solar cell preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: preparing a perovskite precursor thin film by using a processing device; soaking the prepared perovskite precursor thin film in the processing device to extract residual precursor liquid in the perovskite precursor; and performing steam baking on the soaked precursor thin film by using the processing device to prepare a perovskite thin film; in the process, the perovskite thin film is processed by a roll coating assembly, a soaking assembly and a steaming and baking assembly at one time, so that problems can be found immediately and corrected in time when a processing error occurs, a large number of defective products can be avoided, resource waste is reduced, and the production speed of the perovskite thin film is improved due to the integration of the various process flow devices in the production process, which is beneficial to market competition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar cell technology, specifically a high-quality perovskite thin film and its solar cell preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The method of uniformly spreading a perovskite precursor solution onto a substrate surface to form a film, followed by high-temperature annealing to prepare a perovskite crystalline thin film, is called the solution method. Small-area devices prepared using the solution method have achieved photoelectric conversion efficiencies exceeding 25%, demonstrating its superior performance and excellent advantages in fabricating high-performance perovskite thin-film solar cells. Generally, there are two methods for preparing perovskite thin films using the solution method: one-step and two-step methods. In the one-step method, the perovskite precursor solution is uniformly spread onto the substrate surface, and then the solvent in the wet film is rapidly removed using an antisolvent, quickly bringing the perovskite solute in the wet film to a supersaturated state, thereby facilitating nucleation and crystal growth to obtain a uniform and dense perovskite thin film. However, this method has poor controllability. In the two-step method, a metal halide solution of the perovskite precursor is first spin-coated into a film, and then an ammonium salt halide solution of the perovskite precursor is spin-coated onto the metal halide film. Heating is then used to allow the diffusion reaction to occur, followed by drying to obtain the perovskite thin film. However, the raw material conversion is incomplete, which significantly affects the performance of the device.

[0003] To obtain superior perovskite thin films, Professor Snaith's team at the University of Oxford employed a dual-source steam method to prepare perovskite films, resulting in a novel perovskite solar cell. While the perovskite films prepared using the dual-source steam method exhibit more uniform surfaces and superior performance, the process involves separate steps such as film preparation, immersion extraction of residual liquid, and steam baking. Due to information lag, if an error occurs in a previous step, the quality of subsequent steps will be reduced. By the time a preparation error is discovered, the quality of the entire batch of perovskite films may no longer meet standards, leading to resource waste and increased costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a high-quality perovskite thin film and a method for preparing its solar cell.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a high-quality perovskite thin film according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: the perovskite thin film is prepared by processing equipment using perovskite precursor as raw material;

[0006] The method for preparing the perovskite thin film includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Prepare perovskite precursor thin films using processing equipment;

[0008] S2: Immerse the perovskite precursor film in the processing equipment to extract the residual precursor liquid in the perovskite precursor;

[0009] S3: The pre-film after soaking is steam-baked using processing equipment to obtain a perovskite film.

[0010] The processing equipment includes a first frame, a roller coating assembly for preparing a precursor film, an immersion assembly for extracting residual liquid from the precursor, and a steam drying assembly for steam drying to obtain a perovskite film.

[0011] Preferably, a roller coating assembly is provided at one end of the first frame; an immersion assembly is provided in the middle of the first frame; and a steaming and baking assembly is provided at the end of the first frame away from the roller coating assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the roller coating assembly includes a drive shaft, which is symmetrically arranged at both ends and the middle of the first frame and rotatably connected to the first frame; a conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the drive shaft; symmetrically arranged fixing plates are fixed to both sides of the first frame, and the conveyor belt passes through the sidewalls of the fixing plates on both sides; symmetrically arranged circular holes are opened at one end of the fixing plate; a shaft is rotatably connected to the circular hole; and a pressure belt is rotatably connected to the shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the soaking assembly includes a tank located in the middle of a first frame; the tank contains a mixed solvent of toluene, chloroform, and diethyl ether; and a first drain pipe connected to the tank is fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the first frame.

[0014] Preferably, the steam-bake assembly includes a second frame; a steam-bake device is disposed inside the second frame; a collection groove is provided at the bottom of the second frame; and a second drain pipe communicating with the collection groove is fixedly connected to the bottom.

[0015] Preferably, each of the fixed plates has a groove at a position corresponding to the surface of the conveyor belt; multiple fixed rods are fixedly connected to the conveyor belt at a position corresponding to the position between the fixed plate and the side wall of the first frame, and the fixed rods are arranged at equal intervals around the conveyor belt; each fixed rod has a slider slidably connected to it; each slider has a pressure rod fixedly connected to it, and the pressure rods are slidably connected within the groove.

[0016] Preferably, the distance between the middle groove of the fixed plate and the surface of the conveyor belt is less than the distance between the grooves at both ends of the fixed plate and the surface of the conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, two hinge blocks are fixedly connected to the first frame body at positions corresponding to the bottom of the conveyor belt; one hinge block is located between the roller coating assembly and the soaking assembly in the first frame body, and the other hinge block is located in the first frame body at a position corresponding to the middle of the steam baking assembly; each hinge block is rotatably connected to a scraper; each scraper has a spring fixedly connected to the lower surface end, and the other end of each spring is fixedly connected to the first frame body; the first frame body has a cut at a position corresponding to the hinge block near the steam baking assembly.

[0018] Preferably, each of the pressure rods has a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is the same size as the sliding groove. The pressure rod is slidably connected to the fixed plate with the cooperation of the sliding groove and the limiting groove. The top of the second frame is arched, and the two sides of the second frame do not contact the side wall of the first frame.

[0019] A high-quality perovskite thin film, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] A1: Electrodes and hole transport layer are fabricated in sequence;

[0021] A2: Fabrication of a perovskite thin-film light-absorbing layer on the hole transport layer;

[0022] A3: Electron transport layer and substrate material are prepared sequentially on the light-absorbing layer of the perovskite thin film;

[0023] A4: The electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite thin film light-absorbing layer, electron transport layer and substrate are encapsulated to obtain a solar cell.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention provides a high-quality perovskite thin film and a method for preparing the same for solar cells. First, a perovskite precursor is coated onto a substrate using a roll coating assembly on a first frame, uniformly coating the perovskite precursor solution to form a perovskite precursor thin film. Then, an immersion assembly extracts the residual precursor liquid from the perovskite precursor film. Finally, a baking assembly crystallizes, solidifies, and dries the soaked perovskite precursor film, evaporating and extracting the solution, leaving the solute on the substrate to form the final perovskite thin film, which is used to fabricate the light-absorbing layer of a solar cell. In this process, the perovskite thin film is processed in a single step using the roll coating assembly, immersion assembly, and baking assembly. Errors can be immediately detected and corrected, preventing the production of numerous defective products and resource waste. Furthermore, the integrated production process of the perovskite thin film improves production speed and enhances market competitiveness.

[0026] 2. This invention provides a high-quality perovskite thin film and a method for preparing the solar cell thereof. When the conveyor belt rotates, it drives the fixed rod to move horizontally in sync. The fixed rod, the slider, and the pressure rod cooperate to press the substrate onto the surface of the conveyor belt. At this time, even if the substrate is transported into the mixed solvent, it is firmly fixed by the pressure rod, preventing the substrate from floating on the surface of the mixed solvent, which would prevent the extraction of the perovskite precursor solvent. In order to improve the stability of the substrate and the convenience of processing, the conveyor belt, the substrate, and the pressure rod move synchronously with the cooperation of the chute and the fixed rod until the final process is completed. The fixed rod and the pressure rod return from the bottom of the conveyor belt to the first process and are reused. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the fixing plate structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the limiting groove structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the roller coating assembly structure of the present invention;

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 1. First frame; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Conveyor belt; 41. Slide groove; 42. Fixed rod; 43. Slider; 44. Pressure rod; 45. Limiting groove; 5. Pressure belt; 51. Round hole; 52. Shaft; 6. Second frame; 61. Collection tank; 62. Second drain pipe; 7. Hinge block; 71. Scraper; 72. Spring; 73. Cut; 8. First drain pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 The present invention provides a high-quality perovskite thin film, comprising the following steps: the perovskite thin film is prepared by processing equipment using perovskite precursor as raw material;

[0040] The method for preparing the perovskite thin film includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: Prepare perovskite precursor thin films using processing equipment;

[0042] S2: Immerse the perovskite precursor film in the processing equipment to extract the residual precursor liquid in the perovskite precursor;

[0043] S3: The pre-film after soaking is steam-baked using processing equipment to obtain a perovskite film.

[0044] The processing equipment includes a first frame 1, a roller coating assembly for preparing a precursor film, an immersion assembly for extracting residual liquid in the precursor, and a steam drying assembly for steam drying to obtain a perovskite film.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a roller coating assembly is provided at one end of the first frame 1; an immersion assembly is provided in the middle of the first frame 1; and a steaming and baking assembly is provided at the end of the first frame 1 away from the roller coating assembly. To avoid processing errors caused by information lag in subsequent production processes, which could lead to a large number of defective products, the specific operation involves first using a roll coating assembly on the first frame 1 to roll-coat the perovskite precursor solution uniformly onto the substrate, forming a perovskite precursor film. Then, an immersion assembly extracts the residual precursor liquid from the perovskite precursor film. Finally, a steam baking assembly crystallizes, solidifies, and dries the soaked perovskite precursor film, evaporating and extracting the solution, leaving the solute on the substrate to form the final perovskite film, which is used to fabricate the light-absorbing layer of a solar cell. In this process, the perovskite film processing is completed in one step using the roll coating assembly, immersion assembly, and steam baking assembly. Any processing errors can be immediately detected and corrected, preventing a large number of defective products and resource waste. Furthermore, because the various process flow devices are integrated in the perovskite film production process, the production speed is increased, which is beneficial for market competitiveness.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the roller coating assembly includes a drive shaft 3, which is symmetrically arranged at both ends and the middle of the first frame 1 and is rotatably connected to the first frame 1; a conveyor belt 4 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 3; symmetrically arranged fixing plates 2 are fixed to both sides of the first frame 1, and the conveyor belt 4 passes through the side walls of the fixing plates 2 on both sides; one end of the fixing plate 2 has symmetrically arranged circular holes 51; a shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the circular hole 51; a pressure belt 5 is rotatably connected to the shaft 52. To achieve the purpose of coating the perovskite precursor onto the substrate and transporting the coated substrate for convenient subsequent processing, the substrate is first placed on the conveyor belt 4. The conveyor belt 4 rotates through the drive shaft 3 and moves the substrate. Then, the perovskite precursor is placed on the surface of the substrate. With the cooperation of the conveyor belt 4 and the pressure belt 5, a perovskite precursor solution with a concentration of 40wt% to 50wt% is uniformly coated on the surface of the substrate. The substrate coated with the perovskite precursor is then transported by the conveyor belt 4 to the next process flow. Since the middle of the first frame 1 is concave, the fixing plate 2 can limit the shape of the conveyor belt 4, so that the conveyor belt 4 is in contact with the surface of the first frame 1.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the immersion assembly includes a tank located in the middle of the first frame 1; a mixed solvent of toluene, chloroform, and diethyl ether is added to the tank; a first drain pipe 8, communicating with the tank, is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the first frame 1. To extract the solvent contained in the perovskite precursor on the substrate, a conveyor belt 4 transports the substrate to the middle of the first frame 1 and immerses it in a mixed solvent of toluene, chloroform, and diethyl ether, which contains a precursor material that does not dissolve the perovskite material but is compatible with the precursor solvent. At this time, the conveyor belt 4 stops rotating for 120-200 seconds, allowing the substrate, after roller coating in the previous process, to undergo preliminary air drying, and the solvent in the perovskite precursor immersed in the mixed solvent is fully extracted. The substrate is then transported again to the next process via the conveyor belt 4. After processing, the waste mixed solvent is discharged through the first drain pipe 8 for reuse.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the steam baking assembly includes a second frame 6; a steam baking device is disposed inside the second frame 6; a collection tank 61 is opened at the bottom of the second frame 6; a second drain pipe 62 communicating with the collection tank 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom. In order to fully evaporate the solvent of the perovskite precursor on the substrate, the perovskite precursor solute is crystallized, solidified and dried. A drying device is disposed inside the second frame 6. The steam baking device includes a heating table, a steam source and other equipment. When the substrate is transported into the second frame 6, the perovskite precursor on the substrate is in a mixed solvent vapor of deionized water and DMF with a volume ratio of 1%-3%, and the final perovskite film is obtained by steam-assisted baking at 130°C.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the fixed plate 2 is provided with a groove 41 at a position corresponding to the surface of the conveyor belt 4; multiple fixed rods 42 are fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 4 at a position corresponding to the position between the fixed plate 2 and the side wall of the first frame 1, and the fixed rods 42 are arranged at equal intervals around the conveyor belt 4; a slider 43 is slidably connected to each fixed rod 42; a pressure rod 44 is fixedly connected to each slider 43, and the pressure rods 44 are slidably connected within the groove 41. Due to the low density and mass of the substrate, it will float on the surface of the mixed solvent when it is conveyed by the conveyor belt 4 to the first frame 1. To solve the problem of the substrate floating on the surface of the mixed solvent, the fixed rod 42 moves horizontally synchronously when the conveyor belt 4 rotates. The fixed rod 42, the slider 43, and the pressure rod 44 cooperate to press the substrate onto the surface of the conveyor belt 4. At this time, even if the substrate is conveyed into the mixed solvent, it is firmly fixed by the pressure rod 44 to prevent the substrate from floating on the surface of the mixed solvent, which would prevent the extraction of the perovskite precursor solvent. In addition, to improve the stability of the substrate and the convenience of processing, the conveyor belt 4, the substrate, and the pressure rod 44 move synchronously with the cooperation of the chute 41 and the fixed rod 42 until the last process is completed. The fixed rod 42 and the pressure rod 44 return from the bottom of the conveyor belt 4 to the first process and are reused.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the middle groove 41 of the fixed plate 2 and the surface of the conveyor belt 4 is less than the distance between the two ends of the fixed plate 2 and the surface of the conveyor belt 4. In order to facilitate the roll coating of the perovskite precursor onto the substrate, the height of the middle groove 41 of the first frame 1 is set to be less than the height of the grooves 41 at both ends of the first frame 1. When the perovskite precursor is roll coated, since the height of the grooves 41 at both ends of the first frame 1 is relatively high, there is a certain distance between the pressure rod 44 and the substrate, which will not affect the roll coating and baking of the pressure belt 5. When the substrate comes to the middle of the first frame 1, since the height of the middle groove 41 of the first frame 1 is relatively low, under the restriction of the groove 41, the pressure rod 44 and the slider 43 move downward on the fixed rod 42. The pressure rod 44 fixes and presses down on the upper surface of the substrate, improving stability.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, two hinge blocks 7 are fixedly connected inside the first frame 1 at positions corresponding to the bottom of the conveyor belt 4; one hinge block 7 is located between the roller coating component and the soaking component inside the first frame 1, and the other hinge block 7 is located inside the first frame 1 at a position corresponding to the middle of the steam baking component; each hinge block 7 is rotatably connected to a scraper 71; each scraper 71 is fixedly connected to a spring 72 at the lower end of its lower surface, and the other end of each spring 72 is fixedly connected to the first frame 1; the first frame 1 has a cut 73 at a position corresponding to the hinge block 7 near the steam baking component. Since the conveyor belt 4 is immersed in the mixed solvent along with the substrate when it rotates, the surface of the conveyor belt 4 is covered with the mixed solvent. The scraper 71 corresponding to the two hinge blocks 7 cooperates with the spring 72. The spring 72 applies a force to the scraper 71, which firmly presses the scraper 71 against the surface of the conveyor belt 4. This can separate the liquid on the conveyor belt 4 and avoid affecting subsequent processing. Since the concentration of the mixed solvent adhering to the two ends of the conveyor belt 4 is different, it can fall into the tank of the immersion component and fall into the collection tank 61 in the second frame 6 from the cut 73 for classified collection.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, each of the pressure rods 44 has a limiting groove 45, and the limiting groove 45 is the same size as the sliding groove 41. The pressure rods 44 are slidably connected to the fixing plate 2 with the cooperation of the sliding groove 41 and the limiting groove 45. The top of the second frame 6 is arched, and the two sides of the second frame 6 do not contact the side wall of the first frame 1. In order to fix the fixing plate 2, the fixing plate 2 can be fixed inside and outside by the cooperation of multiple pressure rods 44 with sliding grooves 41 and limiting grooves 45, connecting them into a whole to prevent loosening. Since the perovskite precursor will generate water vapor during the steaming and baking process, this water vapor will concentrate on the top of the second frame 6. By setting the top of the second frame 6 to be arched, the water vapor will slide down the top of the second frame 6 to the side wall of the second frame 6 when it rises. When the water vapor accumulates, water droplets will be generated and flow from the side wall of the second frame 6 into the collection tank 61 for collection and treatment.

[0053] A high-quality perovskite thin film, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0054] A1: Electrodes and hole transport layer are fabricated in sequence;

[0055] A2: Fabrication of a perovskite thin-film light-absorbing layer on the hole transport layer;

[0056] A3: Electron transport layer and substrate material are prepared sequentially on the light-absorbing layer of the perovskite thin film;

[0057] A4: The electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite thin film light-absorbing layer, electron transport layer and substrate are encapsulated to obtain a solar cell.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] First, the perovskite precursor is coated onto the substrate using a roll coating assembly on the first frame 1, uniformly coating the perovskite precursor solution to form a perovskite precursor film. Then, the residual precursor liquid in the perovskite precursor film is extracted using an immersion assembly. Finally, the immersed perovskite precursor film is crystallized, solidified, and dried using a steam baking assembly. The solution is evaporated and extracted, leaving the solute on the substrate to form the final perovskite film, which is used to fabricate the light-absorbing layer of a solar cell. In this process, the perovskite film processing is completed in one go using the roll coating assembly, immersion assembly, and steam baking assembly. If a processing error occurs, the problem can be detected immediately and corrected in time, avoiding the generation of a large number of defective products and the resulting waste of resources. At the same time, since the equipment for each process in the perovskite film production process is integrated, the production speed of the perovskite film is improved, which is beneficial to market competitiveness.

[0060] As the conveyor belt 4 rotates, it drives the fixed rod 42 to move horizontally in sync. The fixed rod 42, the slider 43, and the pressure rod 44 cooperate to press the substrate onto the surface of the conveyor belt 4. Even if the substrate is transported into the mixed solvent, it is firmly fixed by the pressure rod 44 to prevent the substrate from floating on the surface of the mixed solvent, which would prevent the extraction of the perovskite precursor solvent. In order to improve the stability of the substrate and the convenience of processing, the conveyor belt 4, the substrate, and the pressure rod 44 move synchronously with the cooperation of the chute 41 and the fixed rod 42 until the last process is completed. The fixed rod 42 and the pressure rod 44 return from the bottom of the conveyor belt 4 to the first process and are reused.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A high-quality perovskite thin film, characterized in that: The perovskite film is prepared by using perovskite precursor as raw material and processing equipment. The method for preparing the perovskite thin film includes the following steps: S1: Prepare perovskite precursor thin films using processing equipment; S2: Immerse the perovskite precursor film in the processing equipment to extract the residual precursor liquid in the perovskite precursor; S3: The pre-film after soaking is steam-baked using processing equipment to obtain a perovskite film. The processing equipment includes a first frame (1), a roller coating assembly for preparing a precursor film, an immersion assembly for extracting residual liquid in the precursor, and a steam drying assembly for steam drying to obtain a perovskite film. The first frame (1) has symmetrically arranged fixing plates (2) fixed on both sides. Each fixing plate (2) has a groove (41) at a position corresponding to the surface of the conveyor belt (4). The conveyor belt (4) has multiple fixing rods (42) fixed at a position between the fixing plate (2) and the side wall of the first frame (1). The fixing rods (42) are arranged equidistantly around the conveyor belt (4). Each fixing rod (42) has a slider (43) slidably connected to it. Each slider (43) has a pressure rod (44) fixedly connected to it. The pressure rods (44) are slidably connected in the groove (41). The distance between the middle groove (41) of the fixed plate (2) and the surface of the conveyor belt (4) is less than the distance between the two end grooves (41) of the fixed plate (2) and the surface of the conveyor belt (4); Two hinge blocks (7) are fixedly connected to the first frame (1) at the position corresponding to the bottom of the conveyor belt (4); one hinge block (7) is located between the roller coating component and the soaking component in the first frame (1), and the other hinge block (7) is located in the first frame (1) at the position corresponding to the middle of the steam baking component; a scraper (71) is rotatably connected to each hinge block (7); a spring (72) is fixedly connected to the lower end of each scraper (71), and the other end of each spring (72) is fixedly connected to the first frame (1); a cut (73) is opened in the first frame (1) at the position corresponding to the hinge block (7) near the steam baking component. The steam-baking assembly includes a second frame (6); each of the pressure rods (44) has a limiting groove (45), and the limiting groove (45) and the sliding groove (41) are the same size. The pressure rods (44) are slidably connected to the fixing plate (2) with the cooperation of the sliding groove (41) and the limiting groove (45); the top of the second frame (6) is arched, and the two sides of the second frame (6) do not contact the side wall of the first frame (1).

2. The high-quality perovskite thin film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first frame (1) is provided with a roller coating assembly at one end; the first frame (1) is provided with an immersion assembly in the middle; and the first frame (1) is provided with a steam baking assembly at the end away from the roller coating assembly.

3. The high-quality perovskite thin film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roller coating assembly includes a drive shaft (3), which is symmetrically arranged at both ends and the middle of the first frame (1) and is rotatably connected to the first frame (1); a conveyor belt (4) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft (3); and the conveyor belt (4) passes through the side wall of the fixing plate (2) on both sides; one end of the fixing plate (2) is provided with symmetrically arranged circular holes (51); a shaft (52) is rotatably connected in the circular hole (51); and a pressure belt (5) is rotatably connected to the shaft (52).

4. The high-quality perovskite thin film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soaking assembly includes a tank located in the middle of the first frame (1); a mixed solvent of toluene, chloroform and diethyl ether is added to the tank; and a first drain pipe (8) connected to the tank is fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the first frame (1).

5. The high-quality perovskite thin film according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second frame (6) is equipped with a steaming and baking device; a collection trough (61) is opened at the bottom of the second frame (6); a second drain pipe (62) is fixedly connected to the bottom and communicates with the collection trough (61).

6. A method for fabricating a solar cell, utilizing a high-quality perovskite thin film as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A1: Electrodes and hole transport layer are fabricated in sequence; A2: Fabrication of a perovskite thin-film light-absorbing layer on the hole transport layer; A3: Electron transport layer and substrate material are prepared sequentially on the light-absorbing layer of perovskite thin film; A4: The electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite thin film light-absorbing layer, electron transport layer and substrate are encapsulated to obtain a solar cell.

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