High-precision rotary table with automatic gap adjustment and adjustment method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision rotary table with automatic gap adjustment and an adjusting method, wherein the rotary table comprises a base, a rotary disc, a first motor, a double-lead worm and gear mechanism, an oil pressure compensation mechanism and a gap compensation feedback mechanism; the rotary disc is rotatably connected to the base; the first motor is installed on the base; a worm wheel of the double-lead worm and gear mechanism is installed at the lower end of the rotary disc; a worm of the double-lead worm and gear mechanism is rotatably connected to the base; the first motor is in transmission connection with the worm through a belt pulley mechanism; the oil pressure compensation mechanism and the gap compensation feedback mechanism are respectively installed at two ends of the worm; the oil pressure compensation mechanism comprises an oil cylinder; and the gap compensation feedback mechanism comprises a disc spring. The high-precision rotary table automatically compensates the gap through a high-precision oil pressure control system, and has the automatic adjustment function without manual adjustment of the precision and waiting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turntable technology, specifically to a high-precision turntable and adjustment method for automatically adjusting gaps. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of CNC machine tool technology, CNC rotary tables are developing towards higher precision and better precision retention. Traditional rotary table transmission methods mainly include direct drive, worm gear and cam roller drive, and gear and synchronous belt drive. Among these drive methods, direct drive offers the highest precision, but the lack of a reduction gear results in lower torque and rigidity. Worm gear and cam roller drive, due to its larger transmission ratio, can achieve high torque transmission, and with proper assembly and adjustment, its precision can approach that of direct drive. However, because of the hard contact, it requires readjustment after wear and tear over a period of operation. In actual production, users often cannot perform precision adjustments themselves, requiring manufacturer assistance. This significantly impacts performance. Gear and synchronous belt drives have lower precision and suffer from severe dimensional limitations.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, current rotary table manufacturers use double-lead worm gears to drive the turntable. Double-lead worm gears primarily rely on sliding friction for transmission, which is prone to wear after prolonged operation. This increases the meshing clearance between the worm gears, affecting the smoothness and accuracy of the rotary table's transmission. In such cases, the equipment must be shut down for maintenance, requiring manual adjustment of the meshing clearance between the worm gears—a cumbersome and time-consuming process that ultimately impacts the rotary table's processing efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned issues, which led to this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a high-precision turntable and adjustment method for automatically adjusting the clearance. The high-precision hydraulic control system achieves automatic clearance compensation, eliminating the need for manual adjustment and waiting, and has an automatic adjustment function.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment includes a base, a turntable, a first motor, a double-lead worm gear mechanism, a hydraulic compensation mechanism, and a gap compensation feedback mechanism. The turntable is rotatably connected to the base. The first motor is mounted on the base. The worm gear of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is mounted at the lower end of the turntable, and the worm of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is rotatably connected to the base. The first motor is connected to the worm via a pulley mechanism. The first motor has a load recording system that detects and records the frictional force between the worm gear and the worm. The hydraulic compensation mechanism and the gap compensation feedback mechanism are respectively mounted at both ends of the worm. The hydraulic compensation mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder that applies an axial inward pressure F1 to the worm. The gap compensation feedback mechanism includes a disc spring that applies an axial inward pressure F2 to the worm.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydraulic compensation mechanism also includes a first bearing seat and a pressure cap. The base is provided with a first mounting hole. The first bearing seat is fixedly connected in the first mounting hole. Two first bearings are provided in the first bearing seat. A spacer is provided between the first bearings. The pressure cap is fixedly connected to the end face of the first bearing seat. The pressure cap presses and fixes the first bearings. The end of the worm gear extends into the first bearing seat and is connected to the first bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, and a piston. The cylinder body is installed on the outer wall of the first mounting hole. The cylinder body has an oil chamber inside. The piston is slidably connected inside the oil chamber. The cylinder cover is located on the side wall of the cylinder body to seal the oil chamber. A fixedly connected pad is provided on the worm gear. The end face of the piston abuts against the end face of the pad.

[0010] Furthermore, the gap compensation feedback mechanism includes a second bearing housing, a locking block, a second bearing, a third bearing, and bearing washers. The base has a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole that are interconnected. The second bearing housing is slidably connected within the second mounting hole. The second bearing and the third bearing are installed within the second bearing housing. Bearing washers are provided on both the outer and inner end faces of the third bearing. The worm gear has a locking nut and abutting boss. The abutting boss abuts against the outer bearing washer, and the locking nut abuts against the inner bearing washer, thereby fixing the worm gear and the second bearing housing together. The locking block is installed within the third mounting hole, and the disc spring is located between the second bearing housing and the locking block.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of the second bearing seat is provided with an outwardly protruding positioning protrusion, the locking block is provided with a guide groove, the end of the second bearing seat extends into the guide groove for sliding connection, the disc spring is sleeved on the second bearing seat, one end of the disc spring abuts against the positioning protrusion and the other end abuts against the side end face of the locking block.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting groove is provided on the second mounting hole, and the positioning protrusion extends into the limiting groove for sliding connection.

[0013] Furthermore, the gap compensation feedback mechanism also includes a detection block, a mounting base, and a distance detector. The detection block is mounted on the second bearing seat and has a detection protrusion. The locking block has a through hole for the detection protrusion to extend out. The mounting base is located on the side end face of the third mounting hole. The distance detector is connected to the mounting base and performs sensing detection on the detection protrusion in the through hole.

[0014] A method for adjusting a high-precision turntable based on the above-mentioned automatic gap adjustment includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) When the worm wheel and worm are in the optimal working position, the worm and worm wheel contact to generate friction force f1. The friction force f1 is detected and recorded by the first motor load recording system. The left end of the worm is subjected to pressure F1 generated by the hydraulic cylinder, and the right end of the worm is subjected to pressure F2 generated by the disc spring. At this time, the two ends of the worm are in a state of force balance, that is, F1=f1+F2. The first motor load recording system displays the load value as 30%.

[0016] (2) When the worm wheel and worm wear out, the friction between the worm and the worm wheel is zero, the force balance of the worm is broken, and the worm moves to the right by a distance S1. The worm drives the second bearing seat to move to the right. During the movement of the worm, the disc spring is continuously compressed, and F2 continuously increases until the forces on the left and right sides of the worm reach equilibrium again. At this time, the worm stops moving and a new equilibrium state F1=f2+F2' is generated. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the displacement distance S1, and sends the signal to the control system.

[0017] (3) If f2 is greater than f1, that is, the worm gear and worm are in close contact under the pressure of F1. At this time, the load value detected and recorded by the load recording system is much greater than the alarm value of 35%. The load recording system feeds a signal to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder starts to depressurize, so that F1 gradually decreases, the worm gradually moves to the left, and f2 gradually decreases. When the load value detected and recorded by the load recording system is equal to 30%, the load recording system feeds a signal to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder stops depressurizing. At this time, the worm gear and worm return to the optimal position. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the leftward displacement distance S2 of the worm and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance moved by the worm as S1-S2. If f2 is less than f1, meaning there is insufficient contact between the worm gear and the worm, the load recording system detects and records a load value less than 25% of the alarm value. The load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which begins to pressurize, causing F1 to gradually increase. The pressure on the left side of the worm increases, causing it to move to the right, and f2 gradually increases. When the load recording system detects and records a load value equal to 30%, the load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which stops pressurizing. At this point, the worm gear returns to its optimal position. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the distance S2 that the worm continues to move to the right, and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves as S1 + S2.

[0018] (4) After the control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves, according to the design principle of worm gear, the worm gear adjusts the clearance by 0.01mm for every 1mm movement, converting it into angle compensation, and automatically compensates the turntable.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are that it achieves gap compensation feedback through a high-precision disc spring and a distance detector, and automatic gap compensation through a high-precision hydraulic control system. This results in automatic adjustment of accuracy and automatic gap compensation, eliminating the need for manual machine stoppage and waiting during adjustment, significantly saving time wasted on manual gap adjustments, further improving the turntable's usability and working efficiency, and reducing substantial maintenance costs. Furthermore, compared to traditional turntables, the overall structure of this invention is simpler and more streamlined, effectively reducing manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the external structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the adjustment method of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture module.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure connecting the gripper and the adjusting plate.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the cross-sectional structure of the mounting plate.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] Base 1, First mounting hole 11, Second mounting hole 12, Limiting groove 121

[0031] Third mounting hole 13, first bearing 111, turntable 2, first motor 31, worm gear 32

[0032] Worm gear 33, spacer block 331, lock nut 332, abutting boss 333, hydraulic cylinder 34.

[0033] Hydraulic cylinder body 341, hydraulic cylinder cover 342, piston 343, first bearing housing 35, pressure cap 36.

[0034] Disc spring 41, second bearing seat 42, positioning protrusion 421, locking block 43, guide groove 431

[0035] Second bearing 44, third bearing 45, bearing washer 46, detection block 47.

[0036] Mounting base 48, distance detector 49, fixed plate 51, mounting plate 52, movable slot 521

[0037] Guide groove 522, drive groove 523, through hole 524, gripper 53, adjusting plate 54

[0038] Connecting slot 541, adapter 55, first connector 551, second connector 552,

[0039] Adapter shaft 553, connecting rod 56, connector 561, cylindrical pin 562, drive plate 57.

[0040] Receiving groove 571, second strip hole 572, drive shaft 58, second motor 59

[0041] First rotating shaft 61, second rotating shaft 62. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment includes a base 1, a turntable 2, a first motor 31, a double-lead worm gear mechanism, a hydraulic compensation mechanism, and a gap compensation feedback mechanism. The turntable 2 is rotatably connected to the base 1. The first motor 31 is mounted on the base 1. The worm wheel 32 of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is mounted at the lower end of the turntable 2, and the worm 33 of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is rotatably connected to the base 1. The first motor 31 is connected to the worm 33 via a pulley mechanism. The first motor 31 has a load recording system that detects and records the frictional force between the worm wheel and the worm. The hydraulic compensation mechanism and the gap compensation feedback mechanism are respectively mounted at both ends of the worm 33. The hydraulic compensation mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 34, which applies a pressure F1 to the worm 33 in the axial inward direction. The gap compensation feedback mechanism includes a disc spring 41, which applies a pressure F2 to the worm 33 in the axial inward direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, the hydraulic compensation mechanism further includes a first bearing seat 35 and a pressure cap 36. The base 1 is provided with a first mounting hole 11. The first bearing seat 35 is fixedly connected to the first mounting hole 11. Two first bearings 111 are provided in the first bearing seat 35. A spacer ring 112 is provided between the first bearings 111. The pressure cap 36 is fixedly connected to the end face of the first bearing seat 35. The pressure cap 36 presses and fixes the first bearings 111, making the installation of the first bearings 111 more secure. Specifically, the first bearings 111 can be needle roller bearings. The end of the worm 33 extends into the first bearing seat 35 and is connected to the first bearings 111, making the connection of the worm 33 more secure and the rotation more stable.

[0045] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 34 includes a cylinder body 341, a cylinder cover 342, and a piston 343. The cylinder body 341 is installed on the outer wall of the first mounting hole 11. The cylinder body 341 has an oil chamber. The piston 343 is slidably connected in the oil chamber. The cylinder cover 342 is located on the side wall of the cylinder body 341 to seal the oil chamber. The worm gear 33 is provided with a fixedly connected pad 331. The end face of the piston 343 abuts against the end face of the pad 331. With the above structure, the stroke of the piston 343 is controlled by inputting and outputting hydraulic oil into the oil chamber. When the piston 343 moves to the right, it abuts against the pad 331, thereby driving the worm gear 33 to move to the right to achieve axial adjustment of the worm gear 33.

[0046] Preferably, the clearance compensation feedback mechanism includes a second bearing housing 42, a locking block 43, a second bearing 44, a third bearing 45, and a bearing washer 46. The base 1 has a second mounting hole 12 and a third mounting hole 13 that communicate with each other. The second bearing housing 42 is slidably fitted into the second mounting hole 12. The second bearing 44 and the third bearing 45 are installed in the second bearing housing 42. The third bearing 45 is located on the left and right sides of the second bearing 44. Specifically, the second bearing 44 can be a needle roller bearing, and the third bearing 45... The bearing 45 can use a thrust ball bearing. The outer end face and the inner end face of the third bearing 45 are provided with bearing washers 46. The worm 33 is provided with a locking nut 332 and abutting boss 333. The abutting boss 333 abuts against the outer bearing washer 46, and the locking nut 332 abuts against the inner bearing washer 46, thereby fixing the worm 33 and the second bearing seat 42 together. The locking block 43 is installed in the third mounting hole 13, and the disc spring 41 is located between the second bearing seat 42 and the locking block 43.

[0047] More preferably, the outer side of the second bearing seat 42 is provided with an outwardly protruding positioning protrusion 421, and the locking block 43 is provided with a guide groove 431. The end of the second bearing seat 42 extends into the guide groove 431 for sliding connection. The disc spring 41 is sleeved on the second bearing seat 42. One end of the disc spring 41 abuts against the positioning protrusion 421 and the other end abuts against the side end face of the locking block 43. The force generated by the disc spring 41 abuts against the positioning protrusion 421, thereby applying an inward pressure to the worm gear 33, so that the worm gear 33 reaches a state of force balance.

[0048] Preferably, a limiting groove 121 is provided on the second mounting hole 12, and the positioning protrusion 421 extends into the limiting groove 121 for sliding connection. The side wall of the limiting groove 121 can abut against the side wall of the positioning protrusion 421, thereby limiting the second bearing 44.

[0049] Preferably, the clearance compensation feedback mechanism further includes a detection block 47, a mounting base 48, and a distance detector 49. The detection block 47 is mounted on the second bearing seat 42 and has a detection protrusion 471. The locking block 43 has a through hole for the detection protrusion 471 to extend out. The mounting base 48 is located on the side end face of the third mounting hole 13. The distance detector 49 is connected to the mounting base 48 and performs sensing detection on the right side face of the detection protrusion 471 in the through hole. The distance detector 49 can sense in real time whether the worm 33 has undergone lateral displacement. The distance detector 49 can feed the displacement signal back to the control system. The control system calculates the distance S2 that the worm 33 needs to continue to move and the increase in oil pressure required by the hydraulic cylinder 34, and feeds the oil pressure signal back to the hydraulic cylinder 34 to increase the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 34.

[0050] When the turntable of this invention is working, the frictional force between the worm gear 32 and the worm 33 is recorded and monitored by the load recording system of the first motor 31. When the worm gear 32 and the worm 33 are in the optimal position, the load recording system of the first motor 31 displays a load value of 30%, and the load recording system is set with alarm values ​​of 25% and 35%. When the worm gear 32 and the worm 33 wear, the worm 33 will move to the right, at which point two situations exist:

[0051] Scenario 1: When the right disc spring is compressed to a relatively large distance, the worm 33 moves to the right under the pressure F1 from the left hydraulic cylinder 34. The meshing part of the worm 33 and the worm wheel 32 is in close contact, greatly increasing the friction between them. At this time, the load recording system displays a value exceeding 35%, and the distance detector records the distance S1 that the detection block moves to the right. Then, the first motor 31 issues an alarm and sends a signal back to the hydraulic cylinder 34. The hydraulic cylinder 34 gradually and slowly reduces the pressure, causing F1 to decrease slowly. When the pressure F2 generated by the compressed disc spring on the right side exceeds F1, the worm 33 slowly moves to the left. During this leftward movement, the friction between the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 gradually decreases, and the load on the first motor 31 also gradually decreases. When the load recording system detects that the load value between the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 has returned to 30%, it sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder 34. At this point, the hydraulic cylinder 34 stops reducing the pressure, and the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 return to their optimal positions. The distance detector records the distance S2 that the detection block moves to the left. Then, the actual distance that the worm 33 moves is S1-S2. Then, according to the design principle of worm wheel 32 and worm 33, for every 1mm of movement, worm wheel 32 and worm 33 adjust the clearance by 0.01mm to convert the actual movement distance into angle compensation and perform automatic compensation for the turntable.

[0052] Scenario 2: When the compression distance of the right disc spring is relatively small, the worm 33 moves to the right under the pressure F1 of the left hydraulic cylinder 34. The meshing part of the worm 33 and the worm wheel 32 is not in full contact, resulting in a decrease in the friction between the worm 33 and the worm wheel 32. At this time, the value displayed by the load recording system is less than 25%, and the distance detector records the distance S1 that the detection block moves to the right. Then, the first motor 31 issues an alarm and feeds the signal back to the hydraulic cylinder 34. The hydraulic cylinder 34 gradually and slowly increases the pressure, causing F1 to increase slowly. The worm 33 continues to move slowly to the right. During the movement of the worm 33 to the right, the friction at the meshing part between the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 gradually increases, and the load on the first motor 31 also gradually increases. When the load recording system detects that the load value between the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 has recovered to 30%, it sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder 34. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 34 stops increasing the pressure, and the worm wheel 32 and the worm 33 return to their optimal positions. The distance S2 that the detection block moves to the right is recorded by the distance detector. Then, the actual distance that the worm 33 moves is S1+S2. Then, according to the design principle of worm wheel 32 and worm 33, for every 1mm of movement, worm wheel 32 and worm 33 adjust the clearance by 0.01mm to convert the actual movement distance into angle compensation and perform automatic compensation for the turntable.

[0053] A method for adjusting a high-precision turntable based on the above-mentioned automatic gap adjustment includes the following steps:

[0054] (1) When the worm wheel and worm are in the optimal working position, the worm and worm wheel contact to generate friction force f1. The friction force f1 is detected and recorded by the first motor load recording system. The left end of the worm is subjected to pressure F1 generated by the hydraulic cylinder, and the right end of the worm is subjected to pressure F2 generated by the disc spring. At this time, the two ends of the worm are in a state of force balance, that is, F1=f1+F2. The first motor load recording system displays the load value as 30%.

[0055] (2) When the worm wheel and worm wear out, the friction between the worm and the worm wheel is zero, the force balance of the worm is broken, and the worm moves to the right by a distance S1. The worm drives the second bearing seat to move to the right. During the movement of the worm, the disc spring is continuously compressed, and F2 continuously increases until the forces on the left and right sides of the worm reach equilibrium again. At this time, the worm stops moving and a new equilibrium state F1=f2+F2' is generated. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the displacement distance S1, and sends the signal to the control system.

[0056] (3) If f2 is greater than f1, that is, the worm gear and worm are in close contact under the pressure of F1. At this time, the load value detected and recorded by the load recording system is much greater than the alarm value of 35%. The load recording system feeds a signal to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder starts to depressurize, so that F1 gradually decreases, the worm gradually moves to the left, and f2 gradually decreases. When the load value detected and recorded by the load recording system is equal to 30%, the load recording system feeds a signal to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder stops depressurizing. At this time, the worm gear and worm return to the optimal position. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the leftward displacement distance S2 of the worm and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance moved by the worm as S1-S2. If f2 is less than f1, meaning there is insufficient contact between the worm gear and the worm, the load recording system detects and records a load value less than 25% of the alarm value. The load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which begins to pressurize, causing F1 to gradually increase. The pressure on the left side of the worm increases, causing it to move to the right, and f2 gradually increases. When the load recording system detects and records a load value equal to 30%, the load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which stops pressurizing. At this point, the worm gear returns to its optimal position. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the distance S2 that the worm continues to move to the right, and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves as S1 + S2.

[0057] (4) After the control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves, according to the design principle of worm gear, the worm gear adjusts the clearance by 0.01mm for every 1mm movement, converting it into angle compensation, and automatically compensates the turntable.

[0058] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are that it achieves gap compensation feedback through a high-precision disc spring 41 and a distance detector 49, and automatically compensates for the gap through a high-precision hydraulic control system. This achieves automatic adjustment of accuracy and automatic gap compensation, and eliminates the need for manual machine stoppage and waiting during adjustment, significantly saving time wasted on manual gap adjustment. This further improves the use and working efficiency of the turntable and reduces maintenance costs. Furthermore, compared with traditional turntables, the overall structure of this invention is simpler and more concise, effectively reducing manufacturing costs.

[0059] More preferably, as another embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the clamping and fixing of the workpiece by the turntable, the turntable 2 of the present invention is further provided with a clamping module. The clamping module includes a fixed plate 51, a mounting plate 52, a gripper 53, and a driving mechanism. The fixed plate 51 is detachably mounted on the turntable 2 by screws, and the mounting plate 52 is connected to the fixed plate 51. The mounting plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 are locked together by screws. The mounting plate 52 is provided with a movable groove 521, and the interior of the mounting plate 52 is provided with a guide groove 522 communicating with the movable groove 521. The upper end of the gripper 53 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 52 through a first rotating shaft 61, and the lower end of the gripper 53 extends into the movable groove 521. The driving mechanism is located in the guide groove 522 and drives the gripper 53 to swing around the first rotating shaft 61.

[0060] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes an adjusting plate 54, an adapter 55, a connecting rod 56, and a driving assembly. The adjusting plate 54 is disposed in the guide groove 522, and there is a gap between the upper surface of the adjusting plate 54 and the upper wall of the guide groove 522, so that the adjusting plate 54 has a certain swing space. The two ends of the adjusting plate 54 are respectively provided with connecting grooves 541. One end of the adapter 55 is movably connected to the connecting groove 541 and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the gripper 53. The connecting rod 56 is horizontally arranged, and the extension direction of the axis of the connecting rod 56 is perpendicular to the left and right direction of the adjusting plate 54. The rear end of the connecting rod 56 passes through the center line of the adjusting plate 54, so that the adjusting plate 54 and the connecting rod 56 are rotatably connected, and the adjusting plate 54 can swing around the axis of the connecting rod 56. A locking block is provided on the connecting rod 56. The locking block can be threaded onto the connecting rod 56. The locking block is located on the front and rear sides of the adjusting plate 54 and is used to fix the position of the adjusting plate 54 on the connecting rod 56. The front end of the connecting rod 56 is connected to the drive assembly, which drives the connecting rod 56 to move back and forth along the axial direction. In order to guide the movement of the connecting rod 56 and the adjusting plate 54, the mounting plate 52 is provided with a guide hole that mates with the connecting rod 56. Specifically, the adapter 55 includes a first connector 551, a second connector 552, and an adapter shaft 553. The front end of the first connector 551 is provided with a first strip hole. A second rotating shaft 62 is provided in the connecting groove 541. The second rotating shaft 62 passes through the first strip hole and is movably connected. The rear end of the first connector 551 is sleeved on the front end of the adapter shaft 553 and rotatably connected. The front end of the second connector 552 is sleeved on the rear end of the adapter shaft 553 and rotatably connected. The rear end of the adapter shaft 553 is hinged to the lower end of the gripper 53. This allows the adjusting plate 54 to flexibly drive the gripper 53 to swing during its forward and backward movement or swinging motion. With the above structure, the driving assembly drives the connecting rod 56 to move along the axial direction, thereby driving the adjusting plate 54 to move forward and backward. During the forward and backward movement, the adjusting plate 54 drives the gripper 53 to swing through the adapter 55, so that the gripper 53 can clamp or release the workpiece.

[0061] In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes a drive plate 57, a drive shaft 58, and a second motor 39. The bottom of the mounting plate 52 is also provided with a drive groove 523 and a through hole 524 for the drive shaft 58 to pass through. The drive plates 57 are symmetrically arranged and slide in the drive groove 523. The drive shaft 58 passes through the drive plates 57 on both sides and is threadedly connected to the drive plates 57. The helical directions of the threaded sections on the drive plates 57 on both sides are opposite. The second motor 39 is mounted on the mounting plate 52 and its power output end is connected to the drive shaft 58. The drive plate 57 is provided with receiving grooves 571 on both sides. The upper and lower surfaces of the receiving grooves 571 are provided with second strip holes 572. The front end of the connecting rod 56 is provided with a connector 561. The connector 561 is slidably connected by being embedded in the receiving groove 571. The upper and lower surfaces of the connector 561 are provided with cylindrical pins 562, which are slidably engaged with the second strip holes 572. Specifically, in this embodiment, four adjusting plates 54 are provided, evenly distributed around the central axis of the mounting plate 52. The angle between the axis of the drive shaft 58 and the axis of the connecting rod 56 is 45 degrees. With the above structure, the second motor 39 drives the drive shaft 58 to rotate, thereby controlling the drive plates 57 to move closer or further apart. When the drive plates 57 move closer together, they will drive the adjusting plates 54 to move towards the inside of the mounting plate 52. When the drive plates 57 move further apart, they will drive the adjusting plates 54 to move towards the outside of the mounting plate 52. Through the above structure, each adjusting plate 54 can be driven to move synchronously, thereby realizing the synchronous clamping or releasing of the workpiece by each gripper 53.

[0062] The above embodiments and figures are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision rotary table with automatic gap adjustment, characterized in that, The device includes a base, a turntable, a first motor, a double-lead worm gear mechanism, a hydraulic compensation mechanism, and a clearance compensation feedback mechanism. The turntable is rotatably connected to the base. The first motor is mounted on the base. The worm gear of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is mounted at the lower end of the turntable, and the worm of the double-lead worm gear mechanism is rotatably connected to the base. The first motor is connected to the worm via a pulley mechanism. The first motor has a load recording system that detects and records the frictional force between the worm gear and the worm. The hydraulic compensation mechanism and the clearance compensation feedback mechanism are respectively mounted at both ends of the worm. The hydraulic compensation mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder that applies an axial inward pressure F1 to the worm. The clearance compensation feedback mechanism includes a disc spring that applies an axial inward pressure F2 to the worm. The gap compensation feedback mechanism includes a second bearing housing, a locking block, a second bearing, a third bearing, and bearing washers. The base has a second and a third interconnected mounting hole. The second bearing housing is slidably fitted into the second mounting hole. The second and third bearings are mounted within the second bearing housing. Bearing washers are provided on both the outer and inner end faces of the third bearing. The worm gear has a locking nut and abutting boss. The abutting boss abuts against the outer bearing washer, and the locking nut abuts against the inner bearing washer, thereby fixing the worm gear and the second bearing housing together. The locking block is installed in the third mounting hole. The disc spring is located between the second bearing housing and the locking block. The gap compensation feedback mechanism also includes a detection block, a mounting base, and a distance detector. The detection block is mounted on the second bearing housing and has a detection protrusion. The locking block has a through hole for the detection protrusion to extend out. The mounting base is located on the side end face of the third mounting hole. The distance detector is connected to the mounting base and senses the detection protrusion within the through hole.

2. The high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic compensation mechanism further includes a first bearing seat and a pressure cap. The base is provided with a first mounting hole. The first bearing seat is fixedly connected in the first mounting hole. Two first bearings are provided in the first bearing seat. A spacer is provided between the first bearings. The pressure cap is fixedly connected to the end face of the first bearing seat. The pressure cap presses and fixes the first bearings. The end of the worm gear extends into the first bearing seat and is connected to the first bearing.

3. A high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, and a piston. The cylinder body is installed on the outer wall of the first mounting hole. The cylinder body has an oil chamber. The piston is slidably connected in the oil chamber. The cylinder cover is located on the side wall of the cylinder body to seal the oil chamber. A fixedly connected pad is provided on the worm gear. The end face of the piston abuts against the end face of the pad.

4. A high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the second bearing seat is provided with an outwardly protruding positioning protrusion, the locking block is provided with a guide groove, the end of the second bearing seat extends into the guide groove for sliding connection, the disc spring is sleeved on the second bearing seat, one end of the disc spring abuts against the positioning protrusion and the other end abuts against the side end face of the locking block.

5. A high-precision rotary table with automatic gap adjustment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A limiting groove is provided on the second mounting hole, and the positioning protrusion extends into the limiting groove for sliding connection.

6. A method for adjusting a high-precision turntable with automatic gap adjustment as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the worm gear and worm are in the optimal working position, the worm and worm gear contact to generate a frictional force f1. The frictional force f1 is detected and recorded by the first motor load recording system. The left end of the worm is subjected to a pressure F1 generated by the hydraulic cylinder, and the right end of the worm is subjected to a pressure F2 generated by the disc spring. At this time, the two ends of the worm are in a state of force balance, i.e., F1 = f1 + F2. The first motor load recording system displays a load value of 30%. At the instant when wear occurs between the worm gear and the worm, the frictional force generated by the contact between the worm and the worm gear becomes zero, breaking the force balance of the worm. The worm moves to the right by a distance S1, causing the second bearing seat to move to the right. During the movement, the disc spring is continuously compressed, and F2 continuously increases until the forces on both sides of the worm reach equilibrium again. At this point, the worm stops moving, and a new equilibrium state F1 = f2 + F2' is generated. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the displacement distance S1, and sends the signal to the control system. If f2 is greater than f1, meaning the worm gear and worm are in close contact under the pressure of F1, the load recording system detects and records a load value far exceeding the 35% alarm value. The load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which begins to depressurize, causing F1 to gradually decrease. The worm gradually moves to the left, and f2 gradually decreases. When the load recording system detects and records a load value equal to 30%, it sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which stops depressurizing. At this point, the worm gear and worm return to their optimal position. The distance detector senses the detection block, records the leftward displacement distance S2 of the worm, and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves as S1-S2. If f If 2 is less than f1, it means that there is not sufficient contact between the worm gear and the worm. At this time, the load recording system detects and records a load value that is less than the alarm value of 25%. The load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which begins to pressurize, causing F1 to gradually increase. The pressure on the left side of the worm increases and it gradually moves to the right, and f2 gradually increases. When the load recording system detects and records a load value that is equal to 30%, the load recording system sends a feedback signal to the hydraulic cylinder, which stops pressurizing. At this time, the worm gear returns to the optimal position. The distance detector senses and detects the detection block, records the distance S2 that the worm continues to move to the right, and sends the signal to the control system. The control system calculates the actual distance the worm moves as S1 + S2. After calculating the actual distance the worm gear moves, the control system adjusts the worm gear clearance by 0.01mm for every 1mm movement, according to the design principle of worm gears, and converts it into angle compensation to automatically compensate the turntable.

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