A method, medium and system for forecasting highway cross-section traffic volume

Abstract

The application discloses a method, medium and system for predicting expressway section traffic volume, comprising: obtaining traffic volume survey data of a to-be-measured section of an expressway, including: the number of vehicles from an entrance in the to-be-measured section to an exit in the to-be-measured section within a preset time length, the number of vehicles from an entrance outside the to-be-measured section to an exit in the to-be-measured section, the number of vehicles from an entrance in the to-be-measured section to an exit outside the to-be-measured section, and the number of vehicles from an entrance outside the to-be-measured section to an exit outside the to-be-measured section; calculating the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit in the to-be-measured section and the traffic volume of the entrance outside the to-be-measured section according to the traffic volume survey data; and calculating the traffic volume of each section of the to-be-measured section according to the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit in the to-be-measured section and the traffic volume of the entrance outside the to-be-measured section. The application can accurately estimate the section traffic volume of the corresponding section by using the data of the expressway entrances and exits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway cross-sectional traffic volume technology, and in particular to a method, medium and system for predicting highway cross-sectional traffic volume. Background Technology

[0002] With socio-economic development and urban expansion, road mileage and car ownership have increased rapidly, making traffic congestion one of the major problems restricting urban and economic development. Traffic volume forecasting can serve as an important basis for traffic decision-making, effectively control traffic, and improve the efficiency of road traffic operations.

[0003] Currently, there are various methods for predicting traffic volume at road cross-sections, such as time series decomposition, exponential smoothing, and grey prediction, which fully utilize medium-, long-term, and recent measured traffic volume data. However, these methods are complex and not very practical. Therefore, to estimate the traffic volume at a specific road section, it is generally necessary to send people to the site to investigate the traffic flow or use instruments to detect it. However, the duration of manual field investigations is insufficient, often only a few days, and cannot be continuously observed throughout the year. The data is highly biased, and long-term fieldwork is extremely demanding on human endurance.

[0004] Toll booths at highway entrances and exits can easily collect accurate data on vehicle passage throughout the year, and this data can be collected daily and aggregated at the end of the year. Data entry is done by computer, eliminating the need for human intervention. However, there is a lack of technology to apply this data to cross-sectional traffic volume estimation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, medium, and system for predicting cross-sectional traffic volume on highways, in order to solve the problem that existing technologies do not fully utilize the statistical information from highway entrance and exit toll stations and rely on on-site manual surveys, resulting in large errors in the survey results of cross-sectional traffic volume on highways.

[0006] Firstly, a method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections is provided, including:

[0007] Obtain traffic volume survey data for a test section of the highway, wherein the traffic volume survey data includes: the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit within the test section within a preset time period, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to an exit within the test section, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit outside the test section, and the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to an exit outside the test section.

[0008] Based on the traffic volume survey data, calculate the traffic volume at each entrance and each exit within the road segment to be tested, as well as the traffic volume at entrances outside the road segment to be tested.

[0009] The traffic volume of each section of the road segment under test is calculated based on the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit within the road segment under test, and the traffic volume of entrances outside the road segment under test.

[0010] In a second aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored; when executed by a processor, the computer program instructions implement the method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections as described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0011] Thirdly, a traffic volume prediction system for highway sections is provided, comprising: a computer-readable storage medium as described in the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0012] Thus, this embodiment of the invention makes reasonable use of the data from highway entrances and exits. The data used is easy to collect, which can not only accurately estimate the cross-sectional traffic volume of the corresponding road segment, but also avoid on-site detection, greatly reducing the consumption of manpower and material resources. The prediction method is relatively simple, with clear logic and steps, and is easy to code, which greatly reduces the learning difficulty and is conducive to promotion and application. It is also convenient to develop a module for calculating cross-sectional traffic volume in the existing highway big data platform system, laying the foundation for future highway management and decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a highway cross-section. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention discloses a method for predicting traffic volume at a highway cross-section. It should be understood that highways include both upstream and downstream travel directions; therefore, traffic flow is also divided into upstream and downstream directions. Thus, the traffic volume at a certain cross-section described in this invention is the sum of the upstream and downstream traffic volumes. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the method of this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

[0018] Step S101: Obtain traffic volume survey data for the section of the highway to be tested.

[0019] The traffic volume survey data includes: the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the tested road segment to an exit within the tested road segment within a preset time period; the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the tested road segment to an exit within the tested road segment; the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the tested road segment to an exit outside the tested road segment; and the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the tested road segment to an exit outside the tested road segment. It should be understood that "entrance outside the tested road segment" refers to all entrances outside the tested road segment, and "exit outside the tested road segment" refers to all exits outside the tested road segment. Since the entrances and exits outside the tested road segment are not within the scope of the entrances and exits surveyed in this embodiment of the invention, vehicles entering the highway from entrances outside the tested road segment are vehicles of unknown origin, and vehicles exiting the highway from exits outside the tested road segment are vehicles of unknown destination.

[0020] Traffic volume origin-destination survey, also known as OD traffic volume survey, refers to the traffic volume between origin and destination.

[0021] Let 'a' represent the number of vehicles traveling from the entrance to the exit, 'j' represent the entrance number within the tested road segment, 'm' represent the exit number within the tested road segment, 'x' represent the entrance outside the tested road segment, and 'x' represent the exit outside the tested road segment. Then, the following representations are possible:

[0022] With a mj This represents the number of vehicles traveling from the j-th entrance to the m-th exit of the road segment under test.

[0023] With a x′j This represents the number of vehicles that travel from the j-th entrance within the tested road segment to the exit outside the tested road segment.

[0024] With a mx This represents the number of vehicles that travel from an entrance outside the road segment to the m-th exit inside the road segment.

[0025] With a x′x This indicates the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the tested road segment to an exit outside the tested road segment.

[0026] Among them, j=1, 2, 3,..., i,...n, m=1, 2, 3,..., i,...n, i≠n.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, suppose the road segment to be tested has n known entrances A, B, ..., I, ..., N, and n known exits A′, B′, ..., I′, ..., N′. The entrances and exits outside the road segment to be tested are represented by X and X′, respectively. Thus, the following matrix can be established:

[0028]

[0029] Under normal circumstances, a mj This can be obtained by statistically analyzing the vehicle information recorded at the j-th entrance and the m-th exit. It should be understood that a vehicle cannot enter from the same entrance at the same cross-section and then exit from the same exit. Therefore, when j = m, a mj =0. a x′j This can be obtained by statistically analyzing the vehicle information recorded at the j-th entrance, a mx This can be obtained by statistically analyzing the vehicle information recorded at the m-th exit. Furthermore, in special cases, such as due to equipment malfunction, etc., a... mj and / or a x′j and / or a mx If some data is missing, then the missing 'a' needs to be calculated using statistically available data. mj and / or a x′j and / or a mx Partial data.

[0030] a x′x If the vehicle being represented is passing through the tested road segment, then information cannot be collected from the entrances and exits within that segment. Therefore, a x′x It is unknown and cannot be obtained from actual information; it requires calculation and processing.

[0031] Based on the above analysis, for a mj a x′j a mx The acquisition can be divided into the following two cases:

[0032] 1. a mj a x′j a mx Not missing.

[0033] Based on the vehicle information recorded at each exit and each entrance within the test section, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit within the test section, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to an exit within the test section, and the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit outside the test section are calculated within a preset time period.

[0034] As mentioned earlier, since the vehicle information recorded at the entrance and exit of the road segment to be tested can be obtained, the number of the above three types of vehicles can be directly obtained through this vehicle information.

[0035] 2. a mj and / or a x′j and / or a mx Some data is missing.

[0036] With b mj b x′j b mx These represent the missing 'a'. mj a xj a mx Establish the following matrix:

[0037]

[0038] It should be understood that b in the above matrix x′x It is fundamentally different from other b elements, b x′x Unknowns arising from the inability to investigate themselves can be called inevitable unknowns. Other elements b can be obtained through investigation, but due to certain reasons, they have not been investigated. These are unknowns caused by human factors and can be called non-inevitable unknowns.

[0039] 1. For the number of vehicles going to each exit within the test segment, if the number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment from at least one entrance within the test segment that results in the missing number of vehicles, and / or the number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment from an entrance outside the test segment, cannot be counted, then the average of all countable vehicles going to that exit within the test segment is calculated as the missing number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment.

[0040] To handle such non-certain unknowns, we can calculate the average of the known values ​​in each row. The resulting average is the representative value of the non-certain unknowns in that row. In other words, all non-certain unknowns in that row of the matrix are represented by this average, as follows:

[0041] For rows A′ to N′ in the matrix above, the number of vehicles missing in the m-th row represents the number of vehicles heading to the m-th exit within the road segment under test. ∑a m,已知 The sum of the number of vehicles that can be counted in the m-th row is the sum of the number of vehicles that can be counted heading to the m-th exit in the road segment under test, and h is the number of data that can be counted in the m-th row.

[0042] Taking row B′ of the above matrix as an example, let h be the number of data points that can be counted in this row, then

[0043] Taking row C′ of the above matrix as an example, let h be the number of data points that can be counted in this row, then

[0044] 2. Regarding the number of vehicles heading to exits outside the tested road segment, if the number of vehicles that cause the missing exits from at least one entrance within the tested road segment to the exits outside the tested road segment cannot be counted, then the average of all countable vehicles heading to exits outside the tested road segment from entrances within the tested road segment is calculated as the missing number of vehicles heading to exits outside the tested road segment from at least one entrance within the tested road segment.

[0045] For row X′ in the matrix above, the missing row... Among them, a x′,已知 Excluding a x′x b x′ Excluding b x′x ,∑a x′,已知 Let g be the sum of the number of vehicles that can be counted in X′, that is, the sum of the number of vehicles that can be counted from each entrance in the road segment to the exit outside the road segment. g is the number of data that can be counted in X′.

[0046] Taking row X′ of the above matrix as an example, if the number of data points that can be statistically obtained in this row is g, then...

[0047] Through the above process, the matrix divided by a can be obtained. x′x All elements except those mentioned above.

[0048] For a x′x It can be obtained through the following process:

[0049] 1. The number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to each exit inside the test section (i.e., a) is used. 1x a 2x a 3x ... a ix ... a nx Establish a first grey prediction model, and use the first grey prediction model to predict the number of vehicles (i.e., a) from the entrance outside the test road segment to the exit outside the test road segment. x′x The first predicted value, and the number of vehicles traveling from each entrance within the test segment to an exit outside the test segment (i.e., a) x′1 a x′2 a x′3 ... a x′i ... a x′n Establish a second grey prediction model, and use the second grey prediction model to predict the number of vehicles (i.e., a) from the entrance outside the test road segment to the exit outside the test road segment. x′x The second predicted value.

[0050] The principle of the grey prediction model is as follows:

[0051] Grey prediction algorithm is a method for predicting systems containing uncertainties. Before establishing a grey prediction model, the original sequence needs to be processed; the processed sequence becomes the generated sequence. Common data processing methods for grey systems include accumulation and subtraction. Grey prediction is based on grey models, among which the GM(1,1) model is the most commonly used. The grey prediction model used in this embodiment is the GM(1,1) model. The grey prediction algorithm is a well-known existing technology, and its implementation process is as follows:

[0052] Let feature X (0) ={X (0) (i), i=1,2,…,n}. For example, for establishing the first grey prediction model, then X (0) ={X (0) (i), i = 1, 2, ..., n} = {a 1x ,a 2x ,a 3x ,…a nx}, for establishing the second grey prediction model, then X (0) ={X (0) (i), i = 1, 2, ..., n} = {a x′1 ,a x′2 ,a x′3 …a x′n The grey prediction model is established as follows:

[0053] (1) For X (0) Perform one accumulation to obtain an accumulation sequence.

[0054] X (1) ={X (1) (k), k=0,1,2,...n}.

[0055] For example, for the first grey prediction model, then

[0056] For example, for the second grey prediction model, then

[0057] (2) For X (1) Establish a model of the first-order linear differential equation GM(1,1).

[0058]

[0059] (3) Solve the differential equation GM(1,1) to obtain the grey prediction model.

[0060]

[0061] (4) Since the GM(1,1) model yields a single accumulation, after restoring the data obtained from the model through cumulative subtraction, a can be calculated when k = n. x′x The predicted value.

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] 2. Calculate the average of the first and second predicted values ​​to obtain the number of vehicles traveling from the entrance outside the test road segment to the exit outside the test road segment.

[0066] Right now

[0067] in, This represents the first predicted value. This represents the second predicted value.

[0068] Through the above process, using the previously obtained number of vehicles going from the entrance outside the test section to each exit inside the test section and the number of vehicles going from each entrance inside the test section to the exit outside the test section, the number of vehicles going from the entrance outside the test section to the exit outside the test section is calculated.

[0069] Step S102: Based on the traffic volume survey data, calculate the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit within the road segment to be tested, as well as the traffic volume of entrances outside the road segment to be tested.

[0070] I. Traffic volume at the entrance

[0071] For each entrance within the test segment, the traffic volume at that entrance is calculated by dividing the sum of the number of vehicles traveling from that entrance to each exit within the test segment and the number of vehicles traveling from that entrance to an exit outside the test segment within a preset time period by the preset time period.

[0072] Right now Where z represents the traffic volume at an entrance within the road segment to be measured, then z j Let T represent the traffic volume at the j-th entrance within the road segment to be tested, and let T represent the preset duration.

[0073] II. Traffic volume at exits

[0074] For each exit within the test segment, the traffic volume at that exit is calculated by dividing the sum of the number of vehicles traveling from each entrance within the test segment to that exit and the number of vehicles traveling from entrances outside the test segment to that exit within a preset time period by the preset time period.

[0075] Right now Where z′ represents the traffic volume at an exit within the road segment to be measured, then z′ m This represents the traffic volume at the m-th exit within the road segment to be tested.

[0076] III. Traffic volume at entrances outside the road segment to be tested

[0077] For each exit within the road segment to be tested, the vehicles at each exit must come from other entrances within the road segment and from entrances outside the road segment. Therefore, the traffic volume at each exit within the road segment to be tested can be calculated using the following formula:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] ...

[0081] By analogy, the general formula for calculating the traffic volume of an entrance outside the test road segment based on an exit within the test road segment can be summarized as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Where X represents the traffic volume at an entrance outside the test road segment based on an exit within the test road segment. m This represents the traffic volume at the entrance outside the test road segment, based on the m-th exit within the test road segment. This represents the probability that a vehicle travels from the entrance to the exit. The entrance and exit can be located within or outside the tested road segment. This represents the probability that a vehicle travels from the j-th entrance to the m-th exit of the test road segment. This represents the probability that a vehicle travels from an entrance outside the tested road segment to the m-th exit within the tested road segment.

[0084] This can be obtained through deformation. Used to calculate X m .

[0085] Specifically, Right now It calculates the ratio of the number of vehicles going from one entrance to one exit to the sum of the number of vehicles going from that entrance to all exits.

[0086] Where s represents the exit number within the road segment to be tested, then a sj This represents the number of vehicles traveling from the j-th entrance to the s-th exit of the road segment under test.

[0087] In this way, by using the traffic volume of the entrance outside the test road segment based on each exit within the test road segment, the traffic volume of the entrance outside the test road segment can be calculated.

[0088] Specifically, the formula for calculating the traffic volume at entrances outside the road segment to be measured includes:

[0089]

[0090] in, This indicates the traffic volume at the entrance outside the road segment to be measured.

[0091] Step S103: Calculate the traffic volume of each section of the road segment under test based on the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit within the road segment under test, and the traffic volume of entrances outside the road segment under test.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, the cross-section refers to the cross-section where the entrance and exit of the road segment under test are located at the same location.

[0093] Specifically, this step includes the following process:

[0094] 1. Based on the traffic volume of each entrance and exit within the test road segment, and the traffic volume of entrances outside the test road segment, calculate the following: the first total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance before a selected entrance within the test road segment passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; the second total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance outside the test road segment passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; the third total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from a selected entrance within the test road segment passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; and the fourth total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance after a selected entrance within the test road segment passing through the section where the selected entrance is located.

[0095] Taking section II′, where entrance I and exit I′ are located, as an example, the explanation is as follows: Entrance I is the i-th entrance within the road segment to be tested. Specifically:

[0096] (1) Vehicles entering the highway from the entrance before selected entrance I within the road segment to be tested.

[0097] For example, vehicles entering the highway from entrance A within the tested road segment must exit the highway at any exit between exit I' and exit N' within the tested road segment, or exit X' outside the tested road segment. The corresponding total traffic volume is then...

[0098] Similarly, vehicles entering the highway from entrance B within the tested road segment pass through section II′ and exit from any exit between exit I′ and exit N′ within the tested road segment, or exit from exit X′ outside the tested road segment. The corresponding total traffic volume is then...

[0099] Similarly, the formula for calculating the first total traffic volume Z1 of vehicles entering the highway from the entrance before the selected entrance I within the test section is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Calculate the probability as before The principle is the same.

[0102] (2) Vehicles entering the highway from entrance X outside the section to be tested

[0103] Vehicles entering the highway from entrance X outside the test section must exit the highway at any exit between exit I' and exit N' within the test section or at exit X' outside the test section. Therefore, the formula for calculating the second total traffic volume Z2 of vehicles entering the highway from entrance X outside the test section at section II' is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] Calculate the probability as before The principle is the same.

[0106] (3) Vehicles entering the expressway from selected entrance I within the road segment to be tested.

[0107] Vehicles entering the highway from entrance I within the test section will inevitably pass through section II′, regardless of which exit they exit from. Therefore, the total traffic volume Z3 of vehicles entering the highway from selected entrance I within the test section passing through section II′ is the traffic volume of selected entrance I. The formula for calculating Z3 is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] (4) Vehicles entering the expressway from the entrance after the selected entrance I within the road segment under test.

[0110] Vehicles entering the highway from a selected entrance I within the test section must exit the highway at any exit between exit A' and exit I' within the test section after passing through section II'.

[0111] For example, if vehicles entering the highway from entrance I+1 within the road segment to be tested pass through section II′, the corresponding total traffic volume is:

[0112] If vehicles entering the highway from entrance I+2 within the tested road segment pass through section II′, the corresponding total traffic volume is:

[0113] Similarly, the total traffic volume Z4 of vehicles entering the highway from the selected entrance I within the test section, passing through section II′, is:

[0114]

[0115] 2. Calculate the sum of the first total traffic volume, the second total traffic volume, the third total traffic volume, and the fourth total traffic volume to obtain the traffic volume at the selected entrance section.

[0116] The traffic volume at section II′ of the road segment to be tested is the sum of the four types of traffic volumes mentioned above. Therefore, the formula for calculating the traffic volume at section II′ of the road segment to be tested is as follows:

[0117] Z I-I′ =Z1+Z2+Z3+Z4.

[0118] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections as described in the above embodiments.

[0119] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a traffic volume prediction system for highway sections, comprising: a computer-readable storage medium as described in the above embodiments.

[0120] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention make reasonable use of data from highway entrances and exits. The data used is easy to collect, which can not only accurately estimate the cross-sectional traffic volume of the corresponding road segment, but also avoid on-site detection, greatly reducing the consumption of manpower and material resources. The prediction method is relatively simple, with clear logic and steps, and is easy to code, which greatly reduces the learning difficulty and is conducive to promotion and application. It is also convenient to develop a module for calculating cross-sectional traffic volume in the existing highway big data platform system, laying the foundation for future highway management and decision-making.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting traffic volume at a highway cross-section, characterized in that, include: Obtain traffic volume survey data for a test section of the highway, wherein the traffic volume survey data includes: the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit within the test section within a preset time period, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to an exit within the test section, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the test section to an exit outside the test section, and the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the test section to an exit outside the test section. Based on the traffic volume survey data, calculate the traffic volume at each entrance and each exit within the road segment to be tested, as well as the traffic volume at entrances outside the road segment to be tested. Based on the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit within the road segment to be tested, and the traffic volume of entrances outside the road segment to be tested, calculate the traffic volume of each section of the road segment to be tested. The step of calculating the traffic volume of each cross-section of the road segment to be measured includes: Based on the traffic volume of each entrance and each exit within the road segment under test, and the traffic volume of entrances outside the road segment under test, the following are calculated: the first total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance before a selected entrance within the road segment under test passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; the second total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance outside the road segment under test passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; the third total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from a selected entrance within the road segment under test passing through the section where the selected entrance is located; and the fourth total traffic volume of vehicles entering the highway from an entrance after a selected entrance within the road segment under test passing through the section where the selected entrance is located. The traffic volume at the selected entrance is obtained by summing the first total traffic volume, the second total traffic volume, the third total traffic volume, and the fourth total traffic volume. The formula for calculating the traffic volume at the entrance outside the road segment to be measured includes: ； in, , , ; in, X This represents the traffic volume at an entrance outside the test road segment, based on an exit within the test road segment. This represents the probability that a vehicle travels from the entrance to the exit. z This represents the traffic volume at one entrance within the road segment being measured. This represents the traffic volume at one exit within the road segment being measured. a This indicates the number of vehicles traveling from the entrance to the exit. j This indicates the entrance number within the road segment to be tested. m and s All of these represent the exit numbers within the road segment to be tested. x Indicates the entrance outside the road segment to be tested. Indicates the exit outside the road segment to be tested; Vehicles entering the highway from the entrance prior to the selected entrance I within the road segment under test pass through section I- First total traffic volume The calculation formulas include: ； in, ; Vehicles entering the highway from an entrance outside the section under test pass through section I- Second total traffic volume The calculation formulas include: ； in, ; Vehicles entering the highway from selected entrance I within the tested road segment pass through section I- The third total traffic volume Traffic volume at selected entrance I; Vehicles entering the highway from the selected entrance I within the tested road segment pass through section I- The fourth total traffic volume The calculation formulas include: ； Wherein, the selected entrance I is the first entrance within the road segment to be tested. i One entry point.

2. The method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining traffic volume survey data for the section of the highway to be measured include: Based on the vehicle information recorded at each exit and each entrance within the road segment to be tested, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the road segment to an exit within the road segment to be tested, the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance outside the road segment to an exit within the road segment to be tested, and the number of vehicles traveling from an entrance within the road segment to an exit outside the road segment to be tested are calculated within a preset time period. A first grey prediction model is established using the number of vehicles going from an entrance outside the test road segment to each exit inside the test road segment. A first predicted value of the number of vehicles going from an entrance outside the test road segment to an exit outside the test road segment is obtained through the first grey prediction model. A second grey prediction model is established using the number of vehicles going from each entrance inside the test road segment to an exit outside the test road segment. A second predicted value of the number of vehicles going from an entrance outside the test road segment to an exit outside the test road segment is obtained through the second grey prediction model. The mean of the first predicted value and the second predicted value is calculated to obtain the number of vehicles traveling from the entrance outside the test road segment to the exit outside the test road segment.

3. The method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining traffic volume survey data for the section of the expressway to be measured further includes: For the number of vehicles going to each exit within the test segment, if the number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment from at least one entrance within the test segment that results in the absence of the number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment from an entrance outside the test segment cannot be counted, then the average of all countable vehicles going to that exit within the test segment is calculated as the missing number of vehicles going to that exit within the test segment. For the number of vehicles heading to an exit outside the tested road segment, if the number of vehicles that cause the absence of at least one entrance within the tested road segment to an exit outside the tested road segment cannot be counted, then the average of all countable vehicles heading to an exit outside the tested road segment from entrances within the tested road segment is calculated as the missing number of vehicles heading to an exit outside the tested road segment from at least one entrance within the tested road segment.

4. The method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: For each entrance within the road segment to be tested, the traffic volume at that entrance is obtained by calculating the sum of the number of vehicles traveling from that entrance to each exit within the road segment to be tested within the preset time period and the number of vehicles traveling from that entrance to an exit outside the road segment to be tested, divided by the preset time period.

5. The method for predicting traffic volume at highway cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: For each exit within the road segment to be tested, the traffic volume at that exit is obtained by calculating the sum of the number of vehicles traveling from each entrance within the road segment to that exit and the number of vehicles traveling from entrances outside the road segment to that exit within the preset time period, divided by the preset time period.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the method for predicting traffic volume at a highway section as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A traffic volume prediction system for highway cross-sections, characterized in that, include: The computer-readable storage medium as described in claim 6.

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