A comprehensive experimental device for physical optics

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of optical experiment instruments, and particularly relates to a physical optics comprehensive experiment device, which comprises an optical support, a laser, an industrial camera and a rotating disc device. The optical support comprises a mounting platform and flip frames movably arranged at both ends of the mounting platform. The middle part of each flip frame is arranged in a bent manner, and the flip frame is flipped by the driving of a flipping driving mechanism. The bent part of each flip frame is hingedly provided with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is also flipped by 90 degrees through the flipping driving mechanism to realize the unfolding and storage of the mounting seat. The mounting seat of one flip frame is provided with the industrial camera, and the mounting seat of the other flip frame is provided with the laser. The mounting platform is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding groove is slidably provided with two rotating disc devices. The rotating disc devices are driven to translate by a displacement driving mechanism, and the optical support can be changed into different structures to cooperate with different types of optical elements through one-key control by a button, so that different optical path systems can be switched to meet the needs of different optical experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical experimental instruments, and in particular relates to a physical optics comprehensive experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Experiments are a major branch of physics and are particularly important in physics teaching. When explaining optics, it is difficult for students to understand simply through verbal explanations. Only through on-site demonstrations by teachers and students conducting experiments can students gain a thorough understanding. Traditional optical experimental devices can only perform one type of optical experiment, such as light propagation, imaging experiments, light interference, diffraction, and polarization experiments. Therefore, when demonstrating different types of optical experiments, it is necessary to frequently change different experimental devices, which leads to complex operations.

[0003] Patent No.: CN202011371632.0 discloses a multifunctional physical optics experiment instrument. The application includes various optical instruments such as an experimental board, a support, fixing holes, a fixing base, a fixing knob, an optical instrument group, and a laser. Among them, the experimental board is a rectangular acrylic plate structure. The fixing holes are arranged in a matrix on the surface of the experimental board. The lower end of the fixing base is set inside the fixing hole and is clamped between the fixing base and the fixing hole. The fixing knob is set above the outside of the fixing base and is screwed to the fixing base. The lower end of the optical instrument group is inserted into the interior of the fixing base. Various optical instruments in this application can be installed at any position on the experimental board through the fixing base and the fixing holes, which is highly flexible. However, during the experiment, different optical path systems need to be designed separately. The structure of the experimental board is relatively fixed. For different optical experiments, the optical instruments need to be frequently disassembled and assembled manually to adjust the spacing. The disassembly and assembly are relatively cumbersome, affecting the experimental efficiency. At the same time, for optical experiments with high precision requirements, the structure of the fixing holes cannot meet the requirements of fine position adjustment of optical devices, thereby affecting imaging quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention discloses a comprehensive physical optics experimental device, which adopts an optical bracket with a flexibly changeable structure. The optical bracket can be controlled by a button to change different structures and then match different types of optical elements to achieve switching of different optical path systems, thereby meeting the needs of different types of optical experiments.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A comprehensive physical optics experimental device includes an optical support, a laser, an industrial camera, and a turntable device. The optical support includes a mounting platform and two flip frames movably arranged at both ends of the mounting platform. The flip frames are both U-shaped, with the ends of the two flip frames hingedly connected to the two ends of the mounting platform. The middle portions of the two flip frames are bent inward 90 degrees, and the two flip frames are driven by two independent flip drive mechanisms to flip 90 degrees.

[0007] The two flip frames are hingedly provided with mounting seats at their bends. The mounting seats are also flipped 90 degrees by the flip drive mechanism to realize the expansion and storage of the mounting seats. An industrial camera is installed on the mounting seat of one flip frame, and a light screen is provided at one end of the flip frame; a laser is installed on the mounting seat of the other flip frame. When the two mounting seats are unfolded, the laser and the industrial camera lens are located in the same straight line.

[0008] The mounting platform is a rectangular structure, with supporting feet provided around the bottom of the mounting platform, and an assembly seat provided at each end of the upper surface of the mounting platform, the two assembly seats are symmetrically distributed, and a reflector and a lens are provided on the two assembly seats, wherein the lenses are arranged longitudinally, the reflectors are movably connected to the assembly seats and are arranged at a 45° angle, and the positions of the two reflectors correspond to the positions of the industrial camera and the laser when the mounting seats are stored; a slide groove is provided transversely between the two assembly seats on the mounting platform, and two turntable devices are slidably provided on the slide groove, and the two turntable devices are driven to move in translation by an independent displacement drive mechanism respectively;

[0009] The turntable devices all include a turntable frame slidably arranged on a slide groove, a turntable seat rotatably arranged on the turntable frame, and several adjustable accommodating seats detachably arranged on the turntable seat. A rotating shaft is provided in the turntable frame for horizontal rotation, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable seat, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a rotating drive device installed on one side of the turntable frame; a plurality of slots and positioning slots are arranged at equal intervals on the edge of the turntable seat, the slots are used to accommodate different types of optical elements, and the adjustable accommodating seats are detachably installed in the positioning slots.

[0010] A control device is provided in the installation platform, and the control device is electrically connected to the flip drive mechanism, the displacement drive mechanism, and the rotation drive mechanism respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, support plates for fixing to the mounting platform are provided on both sides of the lower end of the assembly seat, and side panels are symmetrically provided on both sides of the upper end of the assembly seat, and mounting grooves are longitudinally provided between the front ends of the two side panels, and a mounting plate is longitudinally inserted between the two mounting grooves, the center of the mounting plate is opened and a lens is installed, the end walls at the rear ends of the two side panels are inclined and have an angle of 45° with the assembly seat, a movable plate is movably provided between one end of the two side panels, the center of the movable plate is opened and a reflector is installed, pins are horizontally provided on both sides of the top of the movable plate, and the two pins respectively pass through the upper ends of the two side panels to realize the rotational connection between the movable plate and the side panels, and a positioning block is provided on the adjacent side of the two side panels for positioning and supporting the bottom of the movable plate, so that the reflector is tilted at 45° when placed on the positioning block.

[0012] Furthermore, the turntable frame includes two disc plates, and support blocks are provided at the bottom ends of the two disc plates. The bottom ends of the support blocks are slidably set on the slide groove. A through opening is respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the two disc plates. The center of the two disc plates is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft. The turntable seat is fixedly set in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the turntable seat is driven to rotate by a rotating drive device, so that the positions of the slots and positioning grooves on the turntable seat correspond to the positions of the through openings in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the two displacement drive mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the mounting platform, vertical plates are provided at both ends of the mounting platform, and a stand is provided in the middle of the mounting platform. The displacement drive mechanism includes a displacement motor and a displacement screw. The displacement motor is arranged on the vertical plate, and the output shaft of the displacement motor is horizontally connected to the displacement screw. One end of the displacement screw horizontally passes through the lower end of the assembly seat and the support block and is rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and the displacement screw is threadedly connected to the support block, so that the displacement screw rotates to drive the support block and the turntable frame to translate on the slide groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable accommodating seat includes a base, a grating seat, and an adjustment component, the upper ends of both sides of the base are provided with snap tongues, and the upper ends of both sides of the positioning groove are provided with snap grooves that match the snap tongues to realize the snap connection between the base and the positioning groove; the interior of the base is a hollow structure, and openings are opened through the left and right ends of the base, and the grating seat is rotatably set inside the base, the grating seat is a circular ring structure, and the grating seat and the base are rotatably connected, and scale values ​​are distributed in an arc on one end surface of the grating seat, and a pointer corresponding to the scale value is provided on one end surface of the base; a circle of slots for accommodating the grating is provided on the inner wall of one end of the grating seat, and a number of block assemblies are provided on the inner wall of the slot for positioning the grating; mounting openings are opened on both sides of the top of the base, The cam is secured to a position 520 feet tall and has a pivotal portion for securing the cam face to a position where the cam face is engaged with the first and second wheels, and the cam face is secured to a position where the cam face is engaged with the first and second wheels, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the card block assembly includes a card block and a spring sheet. There are multiple card blocks and they are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the card slot. The inner wall of the card slot is provided with several accommodating grooves for accommodating the card blocks. One side surface of the card block is elastically connected to the inner wall of the accommodating groove through the spring sheet. The other side surface of the card block is provided with a protrusion for limiting the grating, and the two sides of the protrusion are arranged with inclined surface structures, so that the card block cooperates with the side edge of the grating through the inclined surface of the protrusion, thereby realizing the elastic expansion and contraction of the card block in the accommodating groove, and multiple card blocks are clamped and positioned on the grating under the action of the spring sheet.

[0016] Furthermore, movable grooves for accommodating the ends of the flip frames are provided on the side walls on both sides of the mounting platform, and the side wall on the side where the two movable grooves are connected is vertically arranged and used to limit one side of the flip frame so that the flip frame is in a vertical state, and support blocks for supporting the flip frames are provided on the side walls on the opposite sides of the two flip frames so that the flip frames are in a horizontal state; a step of a U-shaped structure is provided on the inner side wall of the bent end of the flip frame, and the step is used to limit the mounting seat so that the mounting seat is flush with the direction of the bent end of the flip frame when it is stored, and hinge shafts are provided on both sides of one end of the mounting seat, and the hinge shafts horizontally pass through the bent part of the flip frame to realize the hinge between the mounting seat and the flip frame.

[0017] The cam is connected to the upper and lower ends of the cam body by a toothed connection, and the toothed connection is connected with the toothed connection of the cam body to form a hollow structure, wherein the adjacent sides of the cam body are provided with an articulated shaft, and the articulated shaft is communicated with the inner cavity of the cam body, and the articulated shaft passes through the side wall of the cam body horizontally and is embedded in the cavitation cavity, and the articulated shaft is rotatably connected with the mounting platform by a bearing. The The rod is threadedly connected to the movable block, and both ends of the rotating screw rod are respectively rotatably arranged in the rotating sleeve and the hinge sleeve shaft through bearings, and one end of the rotating screw rod passes through the turning frame and is driven to rotate by the turning motor installed on the side wall of the mounting platform. When the movable block is located in the hinge sleeve shaft, the rotating screw rod rotates and drives the turning frame to turn 90 degrees. When the turning frame or the mounting seat is limited, the rotating screw rod rotates and drives the movable block to translate from one movable cavity to another movable cavity; the transmission shaft is horizontally arranged at the center of the outer wall of the closed end of the rotating sleeve, one end of the transmission shaft extends horizontally into the other hinge sleeve shaft and is provided with a transmission wheel. One end of the transmission belt is provided on the transmission wheel, and the transmission belt is provided in the inner cavity of the turning frame. Another transmission wheel is provided on the other end of the transmission belt. The transmission wheel is provided on one of the hinge shafts of the mounting seat, so that when the rotating screw rod drives the rotating sleeve to rotate through the movable block, the hinge shaft is driven to rotate by the transmission shaft, the transmission wheel and the transmission belt, thereby realizing the 90 degree turning of the mounting seat.

[0018] Furthermore, both ends of the movable block are arranged to be retracted.

[0019] Furthermore, the control device includes a PLC controller, a power supply, and an operation panel. The operation panel is arranged on one side of the installation platform. The operation panel is provided with several mode buttons and adjustment buttons. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the power supply, mode button, adjustment button, flip drive mechanism, displacement drive mechanism and rotation drive device respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0021] The present invention adopts an adjustable optical bracket structure and is provided with a control device on the optical bracket. The optical bracket can be changed into different structures and matched with different types of optical components by one button control, thereby realizing the switching of different optical path systems to meet the needs of different optical experiments. There is no need to manually assemble optical components one by one, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0022] The turntable device can switch different optical elements by driving the rotating device. The upper and lower ports of the turntable device correspond to the upper and lower optical paths respectively, meeting the needs of replacing different optical elements in different optical experiments.

[0023] The adjustable container drives the grating seat to rotate through the adjustment belt, and the angle adjustment can be more intuitive and accurate through the scale marking, ensuring the experimental adjustment accuracy.

[0024] When the optical bracket is unfolded or folded, the flip frame and the mounting seat are driven only by a separate flip drive mechanism, and two actions are driven, meeting the needs of optical path adjustment of the optical bracket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the turntable device in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the turntable seat in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the adjustable receiving seat in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustable accommodating seat in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a side sectional view of the adjustable receiving seat in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly seat in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flip drive mechanism in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the accommodating cavity in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the movable block in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the optical bracket when it is folded in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the optical bracket of the present invention when it is unfolded.

[0038] Installation platform 1, support legs 101, slide slots 102, vertical plates 103, vertical seats 104, movable slots 105, accommodating chambers 106, and motor seats 107;

[0039] Turning frame 2, step 201, support block 202, mounting base 21, hinge shaft 211, laser 22, industrial camera 23, hinge sleeve shaft 24, light screen 25;

[0040] Turntable device 3, disc plate 31, through port 311, turntable seat 32, slot 321, positioning slot 322, snap slot 323, rotating shaft 33, support block 34;

[0041] Adjustable receiving seat 4, base 41, mounting opening 411, pointer 412, latch tongue 413, guide slot 414, grating seat 42, scale value 421, latch slot 422, tooth groove 423, latch block 424, protrusion 4241, spring piece 425, receiving slot 426, guide ridge 427, first roller 43, second roller 44, adjustment strap 45, tooth block 451, grating 46;

[0042] Assembly seat 5, support plate 51, side plate 52, mounting groove 521, mounting plate 53, lens 531, movable plate 54, reflector 541, positioning support block 55;

[0043] Rotation drive device 7;

[0044] Displacement drive mechanism 8, displacement motor 81, displacement screw 82;

[0045] Flip drive mechanism 9, flip motor 91, rotating screw 92, rotating sleeve 93, movable block 94, transmission shaft 95, transmission wheel 96, transmission belt 97, movable cavity 98;

[0046] Operation panel 10 , mode button 11 , adjustment button 12 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and specific, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Any equivalent replacement of the technical features of the technical solution of the present invention and any solution derived from conventional reasoning shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The fixed connection and fixed setting mentioned in the present invention are all common connection methods in the mechanical field, including welding, bolt and nut connection, and screw connection.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a physical optics comprehensive experimental device includes an optical bracket, a laser 22, an industrial camera 23 and a turntable device 3. The optical bracket includes a mounting platform 1, two flip frames 2 movably arranged at both ends of the mounting platform 1, and the flip frames 2 are both U-shaped frame structures. The ends of the two flip frames 2 are respectively hingedly connected to the two ends of the mounting platform 1, and the middle parts of the two flip frames 2 are bent inward by 90°. The two flip frames 2 are respectively driven by two independent flip driving mechanisms 9 to perform 90° flipping.

[0050] The bending parts of the two flip frames 2 are hingedly provided with mounting seats 21, and the mounting seats 21 are also flipped 90° by the flip drive mechanism 9 to realize the expansion and storage of the mounting seats 21. An industrial camera 23 is installed on the mounting seat 21 of one of the flip frames 2, and the industrial camera 23 is connected to the teaching display screen through a signal transmission line to provide the picture captured by the industrial camera 23, and a light screen 25 is provided at one end of the flip frame 2; a laser 22 is installed on the mounting seat 21 of the other flip frame 2. When the two mounting seats 21 are stored, the laser 22 and the industrial camera 23 lenses are both set in the vertical direction. When the two mounting seats 21 are unfolded, the laser 22 and the industrial camera 23 lenses are both set in the horizontal direction and are located on the same straight line.

[0051] The mounting platform 1 is a rectangular structure, with legs 101 provided around the bottom of the mounting platform 1. An assembly seat 5 is provided at each end of the upper surface of the mounting platform 1, and the two assembly seats 5 are symmetrically distributed. Figure 8As shown, support plates 51 for fixing to the mounting platform 1 are provided on both sides of the lower end of the assembly seat 5, and side panels 52 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the upper end of the assembly seat 5. A mounting groove 521 is longitudinally provided between the front ends of the two side panels 52, and a mounting plate 53 is longitudinally inserted between the two mounting grooves 521. The center of the mounting plate 53 is opened and a lens 531 is installed. The end walls of the rear ends of the two side panels 52 are inclined and the angle between them is 45° between the assembly seat 5. A movable plate 54 is movably provided between one end of the two side panels 52. The center of the movable plate 54 is opened and a reflector 541 is installed. Pins are horizontally provided on both sides of the top of the movable plate 54. The two pins respectively penetrate the upper ends of the two side panels 52 to realize the rotation connection between the movable plate 54 and the side panels 52. A positioning block 55 for positioning and supporting the bottom of the movable plate 54 is provided on the adjacent side of the side panel 52. One end of the positioning block 55 is tilted and has the same tilt angle as the side panel 52, so that the reflector 541 is tilted at 45° when placed on the positioning block 55, and the positions of the two reflectors 541 correspond to the positions of the industrial camera 23 and the laser 22 when the mounting seat 21 is stored, so that when the laser 22 emits laser downward, it shines on one of the reflectors 541 and forms a horizontal reflected light. The horizontal reflected light can form a vertical reflected light through the other reflector 541 and shine on the lens end of the industrial camera 23. The use of an adjustable mounting seat and a flip frame can realize the adjustment of the optical light path as required.

[0052] A slide groove 102 is provided between the two assembly seats 5 on the installation platform 1. Two turntable devices 3 are slidably provided on the slide groove 102. The two turntable devices 3 are driven to move in translation by an independent displacement driving mechanism 8. Figure 2 As shown, the turntable device 3 includes a turntable frame slidably arranged on the slide groove 102, a turntable seat 32 rotatably arranged on the turntable frame, and a plurality of adjustable accommodating seats 4 detachably arranged on the turntable seat 32, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, a number of U-shaped slots 321 and positioning slots 322 are arranged at equal intervals on the edge of the turntable seat 32. The slots 321 are used to accommodate different types of optical elements. The thickness of the slots 321 is adapted to the thickness of the optical elements, so that the slots 321 can prevent the optical elements from falling off. The adjustable receiving seat 4 can be detachably installed in the positioning slots 322. The adjustable receiving seat 4 is equipped with optical elements that require angle adjustment, such as the grating 46.

[0053] The turntable frame includes two disc plates 31, and support blocks are provided at the bottom ends of the two disc plates 31. The bottom ends of the support blocks are slidably set on the slide groove 102. A through opening 311 is respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the two disc plates 31. The center of the two disc plates 31 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 3433. The turntable seat 32 is fixedly set in the middle of the rotating shaft 3433. The turntable seat 32 is driven to rotate by the rotation driving device 7, so that the positions of the slot 321 and the positioning slot 322 on the turntable seat 32 correspond to the position of the through opening 311 in sequence. The rotation driving device 7 adopts a rotating motor, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft 3433, thereby driving the rotating seat to rotate.

[0054] Two displacement drive mechanisms 8 are symmetrically arranged on the installation platform 1. Vertical plates 103 are provided at both ends of the installation platform 1. A stand 104 is provided in the middle of the installation platform 1. The displacement drive mechanism 8 includes a displacement motor 81 and a displacement screw 82. The displacement motor 81 is arranged on the vertical plate 103. The output shaft of the displacement motor 81 is horizontally connected to the displacement screw 82. One end of the displacement screw 82 horizontally passes through the lower end of the assembly seat 5 and the support block and is rotatably arranged on the vertical plate 103. The displacement screw 82 is threadedly connected to the support block, so that the displacement screw 82 rotates to drive the support block and the turntable frame to translate on the slide groove 102.

[0055] like Figure 4-7As shown, the adjustable accommodating seat 4 includes a base 41, a grating seat 42, and an adjustment component. The upper ends of both sides of the base 41 are provided with snap tongues 413, and the upper ends of both sides of the positioning groove 322 are provided with snap grooves 323 that match the snap tongues 413, so as to realize the snap connection between the base 41 and the positioning groove 322; the interior of the base 41 is a hollow structure, and openings are opened through the left and right ends of the base 41. A circle of guide grooves 414 are respectively provided on the inner walls of the openings at both ends of the base 41, and guide ridges 427 that are adapted to the two guide grooves 414 are respectively provided on the outer walls of the grating seat 42, so as to realize the rotation connection between the grating seat 42 and the base 41. 42 is a circular ring structure, and the grating seat 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41. A scale value 421 is distributed in an arc shape on one end surface of the grating seat 42, and the specific value range is -90°~90°. A pointer 412 corresponding to the scale value 421 is provided on one end surface of the base 41. The pointer 412 is located at the center of the upper end of the opening. The angle scale value 421 corresponding to the pointer 412 is the rotation angle value of the grating seat 42; a circle of card slots 422 for accommodating the grating 46 is provided on the inner wall of one end of the grating seat 42, and three groups of card blocks 424 are provided on the inner wall of the card slot 422 for positioning the grating 46; the top of the base 41 is provided with a plurality of card slots 422 for accommodating the grating 46. There are mounting ports 411 on both sides that are connected to the inner cavity thereof, and an adjustment component for driving the grating seat 42 to rotate is provided at the upper end of the base 41. The adjustment component includes two first rollers 43, two second rollers 44 and an adjustment belt 45. The two first rollers 43 are respectively provided in the mounting ports 411 on both sides of the top of the base 41, and the two second rollers 44 are both provided in the inner cavity of the base 41 and are located below the two first rollers 43. The adjustment belt 45 is sleeved on the outside of the two first rollers 43 and the two second rollers 44. A number of tooth blocks 451 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer surface of the adjustment belt 45, and the outer wall of the grating seat 42 is provided with a plurality of tooth blocks 451. A plurality of tooth grooves 423 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the positions of the tooth grooves 423 correspond to the positions of the tooth blocks 451, so that the tooth blocks 451 are embedded in the tooth grooves 423, so that the grating seat 42 is driven to rotate when the adjustment belt 45 moves; the outer surface of the adjustment belt 45 is provided with scale marks, and the middle part of the top of the base 41 is also provided with a pointer 412 that matches the scale marks. By manually turning the adjustment belt 45, the tooth blocks 451 on the adjustment belt 45 match with the tooth grooves 423 on the grating seat 42, driving the grating seat 42 to rotate, and at the same time observing the corresponding scale values ​​421 on the grating seat 42, thereby controlling the grating seat 42 to rotate a specified angle.

[0056] The card block 424 assembly includes a card block 424 and a spring sheet 425. The card block 424 has a long strip structure. There are multiple card blocks 424 and they are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the card slot 422. The inner wall of the card slot 422 is provided with several accommodating grooves 426 for accommodating the card blocks 424. One side surface of the card block 424 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the accommodating groove 426 through the spring sheet 425. The other side surface of the card block 424 is provided with a protrusion 4241 for limiting the grating 46, and the two sides of the protrusion 4241 are arranged with inclined surface structures, so that the card block 424 cooperates with the side edge of the grating 46 through the inclined surface of the protrusion 4241, so as to realize the elastic expansion and contraction of the card block 424 in the accommodating groove 426, and enables multiple card blocks 424 to clamp and position the grating 46 under the action of the spring sheet 425. During installation, by aligning the grating 46 with the slot 422 and pressing, the block 424 contracts and then resets to complete the clamping and positioning of the grating 46; during disassembly, it is only necessary to push the grating 46 at the other end so that the block 424 retracts under the action of elasticity, thereby realizing the rapid disassembly of the grating 46.

[0057] The side walls on both sides of the mounting platform 1 are provided with movable grooves 105 for accommodating the ends of the flip frame 2. The side wall on the side where the two movable grooves 105 are connected is vertically arranged and used to limit one side of the flip frame 2, so that the flip frame 2 is in a vertical state. The side walls on the opposite sides of the two flip frames 2 are provided with support blocks 202 for supporting the flip frame 2, so that the flip frame 2 is in a horizontal state; the inner side wall of the bent end of the flip frame 2 is provided with a step 201 of a U-shaped structure, and the step 201 is used to limit the mounting seat 21, so that the mounting seat 21 is flush with the direction of the bent end of the flip frame 2 when stored, and hinge shafts 211 are provided on both sides of one end of the mounting seat 21, and the hinge shafts 211 horizontally pass through the bent part of the flip frame 2 to realize the hinged connection between the mounting seat 21 and the flip frame 2.

[0058] like Figure 9-10 As shown, accommodating cavities 106 for accommodating the flip drive mechanism 9 are provided inside both ends of the mounting platform 1. The position of the accommodating cavity 106 corresponds to the position of the movable groove 105. The flip frame 2 is a hollow structure. An articulated sleeve 24 is horizontally provided on the adjacent side of the ends of both sides of the flip frame 2. The articulated sleeve 24 is connected to the inner cavity of the flip frame 2, and the articulated sleeve 24 horizontally passes through the side wall of the mounting platform 1 and is embedded in the accommodating cavity 106. The articulated sleeve 24 is rotatably connected to the mounting platform 1 through a bearing.

[0059] The flipping drive mechanism 9 includes a flipping motor 91, a rotating screw 92, a rotating sleeve 93, a movable block 94, a transmission shaft 95, a transmission wheel 96, and a transmission belt 97. One end of the rotating sleeve 93 is open and the other end is closed. The open end of the rotating sleeve 93 is rotatably set on one of the hinged sleeve shafts 24. An active cavity 98 for the translation of the movable block 94 is provided on the inner wall of the adjacent side of the rotating sleeve 93 and the hinged sleeve shaft 24. The two adjacent ends of the two active cavities 98 are close to each other. The longitudinal sections of the active cavity 98 and the movable block 94 are both regular polygonal structures. The sizes of the two active cavities 98 are equal. Part of the outer wall of the movable block 94 is fitted with the inner walls of the two active cavities 98 to realize the limiting of the rotation of the movable block 94 by the active cavity 98. The rotating screw 92 is horizontally provided through the center of the movable block 94. The two ends of the rotating screw rod 92 are respectively rotatably arranged in the rotating sleeve 93 and the hinge sleeve shaft 24 through bearings, and one end of the rotating screw rod 92 passes through the flip frame 2 and is driven to rotate by the flip motor 91 installed on the side wall of the mounting platform 1. A motor seat 107 for fixing the flip motor 91 is provided on one side of the mounting platform 1; a transmission shaft 95 is horizontally arranged at the center of the outer wall of the closed end of the rotating sleeve 93, and one end of the transmission shaft 95 extends horizontally into the other hinge sleeve shaft 24 and is provided with a transmission wheel 96, and the transmission shaft 95 is rotatably connected with the other hinge shaft 211 through a bearing, and one end of the transmission belt 97 is provided on the transmission wheel 96, and the transmission belt 97 is provided in the inner cavity of the flip frame 2, and another transmission wheel 96 is provided at the other end of the transmission belt 97, and the transmission wheel 96 is provided on one of the hinge shafts 211 of the mounting seat 21.

[0060] The working principle of the flip drive mechanism 9 is as follows: when the movable block 94 is located in the hinged sleeve 24, the rotating screw rotates and drives the flip frame 2 to flip 90 degrees. When the flip frame 2 is limited by the side wall of the movable groove 105, the rotating screw rotates and drives the movable block 94 to translate from the movable cavity 98 of the hinged sleeve 24 to the movable cavity 98 of the rotating sleeve 93. When the movable block 94 is fully moved to the movable cavity 98 of the rotating sleeve, the rotating screw drives the rotating sleeve 93 to rotate through the movable block 94, and the rotating sleeve 93 is rotated through the transmission shaft 95. The transmission wheel 96 and the transmission belt 97 drive the hinge shaft 211 to rotate, thereby realizing a 90° flip of the mounting seat 21; when the flip motor 91 reverses, it first drives the mounting seat 21 to reset, and under the limiting action of the step 201, the movable block 94 starts to translate from the movable cavity 98 of the rotating sleeve 93 to the movable cavity 98 of the hinge sleeve 24 under the drive of the rotating screw rod. When the movable block 94 is completely moved to the movable cavity 98 of the hinge sleeve 24, the rotating screw rod drives the flip frame 2 to flip through the movable block 94 and is in a horizontal state.

[0061] like Figure 11As shown, in order to facilitate the smooth movement of the movable block 94 to another movable cavity 98 and avoid the jamming phenomenon, the two ends of the movable block 94 are retracted, and in order to further ensure that the movable block 94 can move smoothly to another movable cavity 98, the longitudinal section of the movable cavity 98 can adopt a square structure, and the longitudinal section of the movable block 94 can adopt a regular hexagon, regular octagon, etc.

[0062] The mounting platform 1 is also provided with a control device, which includes a PLC controller, a power supply, and an operation panel 10. The operation panel 10 is provided on one side of the mounting platform 1. The operation panel 10 is provided with a mode button 11 and an adjustment button 12. The PLC controller and the power supply are provided inside the mounting platform 1. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the power supply, the mode button 11, the adjustment button 12, the two flip motors 91, the two displacement motors 81, and the two rotation motors. The number of mode buttons 11 can be several, and the number of adjustment buttons 12 is 6, wherein the 6 adjustment buttons 12 control the above 6 motors separately. The mode button 11 is used to control the flip frame 2 and the mounting seat 21 to flip, as well as the position of the turntable device 3 and the rotation position of the turntable, so that the optical bracket can be switched to different structures (such as Figure 12 、 13 As shown), each mode button 11 corresponds to one of the optical bracket structures, so as to carry out different types of optical experiments; in addition, a memory button can be set to adjust the flip frame 2 structure, the position of the turntable device 3 and the rotation position of the turntable seat according to the actual situation on site. The memory button is used to memorize the positions of each component in the mode after adjustment.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device, characterized in that: The optical bracket comprises an optical bracket, a laser, an industrial camera, and a turntable device. The optical bracket comprises a mounting platform and two flip frames movably arranged at both ends of the mounting platform. The flip frames are both U-shaped, with the ends of the two flip frames being hingedly connected to the two ends of the mounting platform. The middle portions of the two flip frames are bent inward at 90 degrees, and the two flip frames are respectively driven by two independent flip drive mechanisms to flip 90 degrees. The two flip frames are hingedly provided with mounting seats at their bends. The mounting seats are also flipped 90 degrees by the flip drive mechanism to realize the expansion and storage of the mounting seats. An industrial camera is installed on the mounting seat of one flip frame, and a light screen is provided at one end of the flip frame; a laser is installed on the mounting seat of the other flip frame. When the two mounting seats are unfolded, the laser and the industrial camera lens are located in the same straight line. The mounting platform is a rectangular structure, with supporting feet provided around the bottom of the mounting platform, and an assembly seat provided at each end of the upper surface of the mounting platform, the two assembly seats are symmetrically distributed, and a reflector and a lens are provided on the two assembly seats, wherein the lenses are arranged longitudinally, the reflectors are movably connected to the assembly seats and are arranged at a 45° angle, and the positions of the two reflectors correspond to the positions of the industrial camera and the laser when the mounting seats are stored; a slide groove is provided transversely between the two assembly seats on the mounting platform, and two turntable devices are slidably provided on the slide groove, and the two turntable devices are driven to move in translation by an independent displacement drive mechanism respectively; The turntable device includes a turntable frame slidably arranged on a slide groove, a turntable seat rotatably arranged on the turntable frame, and a plurality of adjustable receiving seats detachably arranged on the turntable seat. A rotating shaft is provided in the turntable frame for horizontal rotation. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable seat, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a rotating drive device installed on one side of the turntable frame. A plurality of slots and positioning slots are arranged at equal intervals on the edge of the turntable seat. The slots are used to accommodate different types of optical elements, and the adjustable receiving seats are detachably installed in the positioning slots. The side walls of both sides of the mounting platform are provided with movable grooves for accommodating the ends of the turning frame, and the side walls on the side where the two movable grooves are connected are vertically arranged and used to limit one side of the turning frame so that the turning frame is in a vertical state, and the side walls on the two sides of the turning frames that are away from each other are provided with support blocks for supporting the turning frame so that the turning frame is in a horizontal state; the inner side wall of the bent end of the turning frame is provided with a step of a U-shaped structure, and the step is used to limit the mounting seat so that the mounting seat is flush with the direction of the bent end of the turning frame when it is stored, and hinge shafts are provided on both sides of one end of the mounting seat, and the hinge shafts horizontally pass through the bent part of the turning frame to realize the hinged connection between the mounting seat and the turning frame; The cam is provided with a hinged hole on the top of the hinged hole and the hinged hole is fixedly mounted on the hinged hole of the hinged hole, and the hinged hole is connected with the inner cavity of the hinged hole and the hinged hole at the bottom of the hinged hole. The movable blocks are threadedly connected, and both ends of the rotating screw rod are respectively arranged in the rotating sleeve and the hinge sleeve shaft through bearings, and one end of the rotating screw rod passes through the turning frame and is driven to rotate by the turning motor installed on the side wall of the mounting platform. When the movable block is located in the hinge sleeve shaft, the rotating screw rod rotates and drives the turning frame to turn 90 degrees. When the turning frame or the mounting seat is limited, the rotating screw rod rotates and drives the movable block to translate from one movable cavity to the other movable cavity; the transmission shaft is horizontally provided at the center of the outer wall of the closed end of the rotating sleeve, one end of the transmission shaft extends horizontally into the other hinge sleeve shaft and is provided with a transmission wheel. One end of the transmission belt is provided on the transmission wheel, and the transmission belt is provided in the inner cavity of the turning frame. Another transmission wheel is provided on the other end of the transmission belt. The transmission wheel is provided on one of the hinge shafts of the mounting seat, so that when the rotating screw rod drives the rotating sleeve to rotate through the movable block, the hinge shaft is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft, the transmission wheel and the transmission belt, thereby realizing the 90 degree turning of the mounting seat; A control device is provided in the installation platform, and the control device is electrically connected to the flip drive mechanism, the displacement drive mechanism, and the rotation drive mechanism respectively.

2. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the assembly seat is provided with support plates for fixing to the mounting platform, and side panels are symmetrically provided on both sides of the upper end of the assembly seat, and a mounting groove is longitudinally provided between the front ends of the two side panels, and a mounting plate is longitudinally inserted between the two mounting grooves. The center of the mounting plate is opened and a lens is installed. The end walls at the rear ends of the two side panels are inclined and have an angle of 45° between the assembly seat. A movable plate is movably provided between one end of the two side panels, and the center of the movable plate is opened and a reflector is installed. Pins are horizontally provided on both sides of the top of the movable plate, and the two pins respectively pass through the upper ends of the two side panels to realize the rotational connection between the movable plate and the side panels. A positioning block is provided on the adjacent side of the two side panels for positioning and supporting the bottom of the movable plate, so that the reflector is tilted at 45° when placed on the positioning block.

3. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable frame includes two disc plates, and support blocks are provided at the bottom ends of the two disc plates. The bottom ends of the support blocks are slidably set on the slide groove. The upper and lower ends of the two disc plates are respectively provided with a through opening. The centers of the two disc plates are rotatably connected with a rotating shaft. The turntable seat is fixedly set in the middle of the rotating shaft. The turntable seat is driven to rotate by a rotating drive device, so that the positions of the slots and positioning grooves on the turntable seat correspond to the positions of the through openings in sequence.

4. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two displacement drive mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the mounting platform, vertical plates are provided at both ends of the mounting platform, and a stand is provided in the middle of the mounting platform. The displacement drive mechanism includes a displacement motor and a displacement screw. The displacement motor is arranged on the vertical plate, and the output shaft of the displacement motor is horizontally connected to the displacement screw. One end of the displacement screw horizontally passes through the lower end of the assembly seat and the support block and is rotatably arranged on the vertical plate. The displacement screw is threadedly connected to the support block, so that the rotation of the displacement screw drives the support block and the turntable frame to translate on the slide groove.

5. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable accommodating seat includes a base, a grating seat, and an adjustment component. The upper ends of both sides of the base are provided with snap tongues, and the upper ends of both sides of the positioning groove are provided with snap grooves that match the snap tongues to realize the snap connection between the base and the positioning groove; the interior of the base is a hollow structure, and openings are opened through the left and right ends of the base, and the grating seat is rotatably set inside the base. The grating seat is a circular ring structure, and the grating seat and the base are rotatably connected. Scale values ​​are distributed in an arc on one end surface of the grating seat, and a pointer corresponding to the scale value is provided on one end surface of the base; a circle of slots for accommodating the grating is provided on the inner wall of one end of the grating seat, and a number of block assemblies are provided on the inner wall of the slot for positioning the grating; mounting openings are opened on both sides of the top of the base, and the base An adjustment component for driving the grating seat to rotate is provided at the upper end, and the adjustment component includes two first rollers, two second rollers and an adjustment belt. The two first rollers are respectively arranged in the mounting openings on both sides of the top end of the base, and the two second rollers are both arranged in the inner cavity of the base and are located below the two first rollers. The adjustment belt is sleeved on the outside of the two first rollers and the two second rollers, and a plurality of tooth blocks are arranged at equal intervals on the outer surface of the adjustment belt, and a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer side wall of the grating seat. The position of the tooth groove corresponds to the position of the tooth block, so that the tooth block is embedded in the tooth groove, so that the grating seat is driven to rotate when the adjustment belt moves; a scale mark is provided on the outer surface of the adjustment belt, and a pointer matching the scale mark is also provided at the middle part of the top end of the base.

6. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The card block assembly includes a card block and a spring sheet. There are multiple card blocks and they are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the card slot. The inner wall of the card slot is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves for accommodating the card blocks. One side surface of the card block is elastically connected to the inner wall of the accommodating groove through the spring sheet. The other side surface of the card block is provided with a protrusion for limiting the grating, and the two sides of the protrusion are arranged with inclined surface structures, so that the card block cooperates with the side edge of the grating through the inclined surface of the protrusion, thereby realizing elastic expansion and contraction of the card block in the accommodating groove, and multiple card blocks are clamped and positioned on the grating under the action of the spring sheet.

7. A physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the movable block are arranged to be contracted.

8. The physical optics comprehensive experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device includes a PLC controller, a power supply, and an operation panel. The operation panel is arranged on one side of the installation platform. Several mode buttons and adjustment buttons are provided on the operation panel. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the power supply, mode button, adjustment button, flip drive mechanism, displacement drive mechanism and rotation drive device respectively.

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