Backscatter communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a backscattering communication method and device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The backscattering communication method comprises the following steps: a backscattering communication (BSC) device sends target information bits based on the switching frequency of switches associated with each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC device in the transmission period of different information bits and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the plurality of antennas corresponding to different information bits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a backscatter communication method and device. Background Technology

[0002] Backscatter Communication (BSC) refers to the use of radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to modulate and transmit information. Due to various interferences in wireless channels, the digital baseband signal needs to be modulated into a signal suitable for wireless transmission to cope with signal waveform distortion and fading caused by interference, thereby reducing the bit error rate and detection difficulty. Considering the cost and power consumption of passive terminals, BSC signals are usually modulated using ASK, PSK, or FSK methods, and their communication distance is mostly less than 10 meters, far from achieving the goal of 100-meter coverage in cellular systems.

[0003] BSC devices can enhance coverage through multi-antenna configurations, using techniques such as space-time coding and precoding. These techniques alter the amplitude or phase of the BSC signal by switching different load impedances, which requires a certain number of impedances, increasing hardware complexity and power consumption. Therefore, how to enhance BSC coverage with minimal load impedance is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a backscatter communication method and device that can solve the problem of how to enhance BSC coverage with minimal load impedance.

[0005] Firstly, a backscattering communication method is provided, including:

[0006] The backscatter communication (BSC) device transmits target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0007] Secondly, a backscattering communication method is provided, including:

[0008] The first device receives a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits;

[0009] The first device decodes the target information bits sent by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0010] Thirdly, a backscatter communication device is provided, comprising:

[0011] The transmitting module is used to transmit target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the backscatter communication BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0012] Fourthly, a backscatter communication device is provided, comprising:

[0013] The receiving module is used to receive a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0014] The processing module is used to decode the target information bits sent by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0015] Fifthly, a BSC device is provided, the BSC device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0016] In a sixth aspect, a BSC device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to transmit the target information bit based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0017] In a seventh aspect, a first device is provided, the first device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0018] Eighthly, a first device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive a reference signal based on a target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by a backscatter communication (BSC) device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits; the processor is used to decode the target information bits transmitted by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0019] A ninth aspect provides a communication system comprising: a BSC device and a first device, the BSC device being configured to perform the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in the first aspect, and the first device being configured to perform the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in the second aspect.

[0020] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0021] Eleventhly, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect.

[0022] In a twelfth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0023] In this embodiment, the backscatter communication (BSC) device transmits target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, as well as the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. By controlling the beam direction through frequency, coverage is enhanced, and no large impedance is required, resulting in low hardware complexity and power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of this application can be applied;

[0025] Figure 2 This is one of the application scenario architecture diagrams provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the application scenario architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the BSC device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency control array provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the virtual array principle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is one of the flowcharts of the backscatter communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the frequency control principle of the BSC device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the frequency control principle of the BSC device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a second schematic flowchart of the backscatter communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the backscatter communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the backscatter communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the network-side device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to applications beyond NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0042] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. Terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, vehicle-mounted device (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment. Access network equipment 12 may also be referred to as radio access network equipment, radio access network (RAN), radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment 12 may include base stations, WLAN access points, or WiFi nodes, etc. Base stations may be referred to as Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), access point, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), home B node, home evolved B node, Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in this application embodiment, only a base station in an NR system is used as an example for description, and the specific type of base station is not limited.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 1 The terminal can also be a BSC device.

[0044] Introduction to Backscatter Communication (BSC) Technology:

[0045] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Two common architectures for backscatter communication are presented. Among them, Figure 2 This indicates a single-base BSC architecture, where the downlink signal transmitter and the uplink signal receiver belong to the same device. Figure 2 In Chinese, this device is referred to as a BSC receiver. Figure 3 This indicates a dual-base BSC architecture, where the downlink signal transmitter and the uplink signal receiver belong to different devices. Figure 3 In this context, BSC Receiver and BSC Transmitter are used to represent these two different devices.

[0046] In a single-base architecture, the BSC Receiver serves as both a radio frequency source and the downlink data transmitter and uplink data receiver for the BSC device, communicating directly with the BSC device. This deployment architecture places high demands on the receiving sensitivity of both the network-side equipment and the BSC device. While the architecture is simple to deploy, the effective communication distance is short. The BSC device is a device that modulates information onto the carrier waves transmitted by other devices for transmission.

[0047] In a dual-base architecture, the BSC Transmitter is the radio frequency source, serving as the downlink data transmitter for the BSC device, while the uplink data receiver is the BSC Receiver. The downlink coverage performance of this architecture is limited by the hardware capabilities of the BSC device and the demodulation capabilities of the BSC Receiver. This architecture has several variations; only one example is listed here.

[0048] In the aforementioned single-base and dual-base architectures, the BSC device is a device that modulates the information to be transmitted onto the signal source carrier using the BSC method.

[0049] A BSC system comprises the following components: a BSC transmitter (also known as a BSC terminal) and a BSC receiver. A BSC device, as one form of a BSC transmitter, is also called a Tag, and its structure is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the BSC system utilizes environmental radio frequency signals, such as those from cellular networks, television broadcasts, and Wi-Fi, to collect energy from the tag and load the information to be transmitted into the environmental signal before sending it to the receiver (this application uses the receiver as a base station as an example) to achieve communication between the passive tag and the receiver. The tag, as a passive device in the BSC system, mainly consists of several important parts: a radio frequency energy harvester, a switch, a modulation module, and an information decoder. The tag receives the radio frequency source signal from the environment, extracts energy from it, and stores it in the energy harvester to power the tag's own signal processing and signal transmission hardware modules. Subsequently, the received environmental signal is modulated and transmitted to the receiver via the transmitting antenna.

[0050] Specifically, in order to send the information bits stored in the memory to the receiver, Tag changes the amplitude and phase of the backscattered signal by controlling the switching load impedance, thereby modulating the carrier wave in the received environment. Finally, the receiver can receive and decode the backscattered signal.

[0051] Define the reflection coefficient as Γ, and the impedance of each antenna of Tag as Z. A The impedance of the i-th load is Z. i We can conclude that:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Where, θ A and θ i Let Z represent the phase of the antenna and the phase of the i-th load impedance, respectively. Assume that Tag has M antennas (M≥2) and N load impedances, where the antenna impedance of each antenna is equal. Then the i-th load impedance Z... i The corresponding reflection coefficient Γ i The definition is as follows:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] It can be seen from equations (4) and (5) that the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient are closely related to the selection of the load impedance. Furthermore, it can be seen that the amplitude and phase of the load impedance affect the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient.

[0059] In addition, BSC devices can achieve FSK modulation by controlling the switching frequency of the switch. The switching frequency of the switch is controlled by hardware devices such as a square wave signal generated by the MCU or an oscillator.

[0060] Introduction to the principle of frequency control array:

[0061] One advantage of phased arrays is their ability to freely achieve beam scanning. Typically, each element in a phased array transmits the same signal. By connecting a phase shifter to the output of each element to control the beam direction, spatial scanning of the beam can be achieved by adjusting the phase shift of the phase shifter. However, phased arrays have the following problems: within each scan snapshot, the beam pointing is constant in the range direction, meaning the beam pointing is independent of the range. Additionally, the signal frequency of a phased array is also constant. Frequency-controlled arrays, like phased arrays, transmit coherent signals, but they add a very small frequency offset (much smaller than the carrier frequency) to the excitation current of each antenna to control the transmission of the radiated signal. Frequency-controlled arrays can be seen as an extension of phased arrays, while phased arrays are a special case of frequency-controlled arrays.

[0062] like Figure 5 The frequency control array adds a frequency offset Δf, which is much smaller than the carrier frequency, to the transmitted signal on adjacent array elements.

[0063] Assume the radiation frequency of the first array element is f0, and the radiation signal frequency of the m-th array element is: The relationship between Δf and f0.

[0064] f m =f0+m·Δf,m=0,1,...,M-1 (6)

[0065] Where M represents the number of array elements. Taking a 1D linear uniform array frequency-controlled radar as an example, assuming the desired beam pointing angle is θ and the pointing distance is r, its uniformly weighted transmitted beam radiation pattern can be approximately derived as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where d is the element spacing, c is the speed of light, and the phase factor Φ0 is:

[0068]

[0069] As can be seen from equation (7), the frequency-controlled array has the following characteristics: (1) The frequency offset of the frequency-controlled array is added separately, rather than the array itself emitting orthogonal multi-frequency signals: the signal emitted by the frequency-controlled array is the same as that of the phased array, only the frequency of the signal radiated after the addition of frequency offset control is different. Therefore, the frequency-controlled array still belongs to the category of phased array. (2) The array pointing of the frequency-controlled array will be affected by the applied frequency offset Δf. (3) When the frequency offset Δf is fixed, the beam pointing changes with the pointing distance, that is, the beam pointing has distance dependence; when the pointing distance r is fixed, the beam pointing changes with the frequency offset, that is, the beam pointing has frequency offset dependence; when the frequency offset Δf = 0, the frequency-controlled array degenerates into a phased array.

[0070] The most significant characteristic of a frequency-controlled array is the range-dependent nature of its array factor, resulting in a unique "S"-shaped radiation pattern. This pattern is caused by Δf(ct-r+df0sinθ / Δf+dsinθ) / c. The range difference between θ = 0 and θ = Π / 2 is (c / Δf)(d / λ00)+d, where λ0 is the signal wavelength. This demonstrates that the gain of the main lobe function is a function of d / λ0 and Δf.

[0071] Another key characteristic of frequency-controlled arrays is the periodicity of their array factors; the peak of their array pattern will appear at:

[0072]

[0073] The above equation shows that when one parameter is fixed, there can be multiple solutions for the non-fixed parameters; when two of the parameters are fixed, the third parameter will have a unique solution.

[0074] Introduction to the principle of spatial resampling:

[0075] Spatial resampling virtual expansion transforms the received signal so that signals at different frequencies can obtain the same signal subspace as the received signal. Figure 6 The diagram provides different delays for different frequency components and uses two actual array elements to virtually expand the array. The first element remains in its original position, while the second element shifts to the right by a distance Δd each time. Here, Δd = (Δf / f0)d, f0 represents the center frequency, and Δf represents the frequency offset between two adjacent sub-bands.

[0076] Therefore, the virtual array can be expanded by changing the frequency offset.

[0077] The backscatter communication method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0078] Figure 7 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the backscatter communication method provided in this application. For example... Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0079] Step 101: The backscatter communication BSC device transmits the target information bit based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0080] Specifically, the BSC device determines the switching frequency of the switch in different transmission cycles according to the target information bits to be sent, and further determines the frequency offset corresponding to different information bits, so as to realize the modulation of information bits and control of different beam directions.

[0081] The target information bits are, for example, bit 0 or bit 1.

[0082] The transmission period is a time period, and the time unit includes, for example, symbols, time slots, frames, nanoseconds (ns), microseconds (uss), milliseconds (ms), and seconds (s).

[0083] For example, the schematic diagram of frequency control implemented by BSC equipment is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the switching frequencies of the switches controlling different antenna associations increase or decrease at an arithmetic progression, and the frequency offsets between adjacent antennas are equal, Δf = f. i -f i-1 =f i+1 -f i Different frequency offsets can be used to represent different information bits.

[0084] The method in this embodiment uses the backscatter communication BSC device to transmit target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, as well as the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. By controlling the beam direction through frequency, coverage is enhanced. Moreover, it does not require much impedance and has low hardware complexity and power consumption.

[0085] In one embodiment, the target information bits include a first information bit and a second information bit;

[0086] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset; the value range of i is [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas;

[0087] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset.

[0088] Specifically, in the t-th period, the BSC device sends the first information bit. Based on the first information bit, the BSC device determines the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna as the first frequency and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna as the second frequency, generating a first frequency offset, which carries the information of the first information bit.

[0089] In the qth cycle, the BSC device sends the second information bit. Based on the second information bit, the BSC device determines that the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency, thus generating a second frequency offset. This second frequency offset carries the information of the second information bit.

[0090] Based on the target information bits to be transmitted, the BSC device transmits either the first information bit or the second information bit in each transmission cycle.

[0091] Optionally, the first frequency and the third frequency are different; and / or,

[0092] The second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

[0093] Optionally, the first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or,

[0094] The second frequency and the fourth frequency are both zero.

[0095] For example, a BSC device is configured with M antennas and N load impedances, where M and N may be equal or unequal. Different frequency offsets can be generated in the following ways:

[0096] For the first information bit, the i-th antenna (i∈[1,M]) corresponds to frequency a, the (i+1)-th antenna corresponds to frequency b, and the frequency difference between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna produces the first frequency offset (ab).

[0097] For the second information bit, the i-th antenna corresponds to frequency c, the (i+1)-th antenna corresponds to frequency d, and the second frequency offset (cd) is generated by the frequency difference between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna.

[0098] Optionally, frequency a can be equal to or not equal to frequency c. That is, when transmitting different information bits, the frequency corresponding to the i-th antenna can remain unchanged or change, or no frequency can be generated to reduce power consumption.

[0099] Optionally, frequency b may be equal to or not equal to frequency d. That is, when transmitting different information bits, the frequency corresponding to the (i+1)th antenna may remain unchanged or change, or no frequency may be generated to reduce power consumption.

[0100] Frequency a and frequency c, frequency b and frequency d cannot all be equal, but they can all be unequal. That is, if frequency a and frequency c are the same, frequency b and frequency d are not the same; or, if frequency b and frequency d are not the same, frequency a and frequency c are not the same.

[0101] In the above embodiments, by controlling the beam direction by frequency, compared with precoding technology, less load impedance is used and power consumption is lower, effectively reducing system complexity; compared with space-time coding schemes, the beam direction can be flexibly controlled to enhance coverage, and low-complexity decoding can be achieved by measuring the transmitted signal.

[0102] Optionally, the first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam, wherein the directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

[0103] Specifically, different frequency offsets can be used to control different beam directions. The first and second beams, with different directions, correspond to different information bits.

[0104] Alternatively, step 101 can be implemented in the following way:

[0105] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the BSC device uses a virtual array to form beams corresponding to each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, and uses the beams corresponding to each antenna to transmit the target information bits.

[0106] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the BSC device forms the beams corresponding to each antenna in different information bit transmission periods based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, using a virtual array or frequency control array, and transmits the target information bits using the beams corresponding to each antenna.

[0107] Specifically, the BSC forms a beam in the corresponding direction based on the switching frequency of the antenna-associated switch and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas, and then uses this beam to transmit the target information bits. Optionally, the beam can be formed using a virtual array or a frequency-controlled array. If the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, only a virtual array can be used. If the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, either a virtual array or a frequency-controlled array can be used.

[0108] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0109] The BSC device receives a first indication message sent by the first device. The first indication message is used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0110] Specifically, the first device can be a network-side device, such as an access network device, and the first indication information is used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0111] Optionally, the BSC device determines the switching frequency of the switch associated with each antenna and the corresponding frequency offset during the transmission period of different information bits, based on the switching frequency indicated by the first indication information and the target information bits.

[0112] Specifically, the network-side device can instruct the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits. Based on the target information bit to be transmitted, the BSC device determines the switching frequency corresponding to the current target information bit and the corresponding frequency offset.

[0113] Optionally, the antenna-switch-impedance relationship in the BSC device can be one-to-one, or one antenna can correspond to multiple RF switches. The RF switches can be PIN diodes, field-effect transistor switches, radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RFMEMS) switches, single-pole double-throw switches, switch chips, or other RF switches.

[0114] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown in the figure, this embodiment presents the implementation methods of frequency control arrays corresponding to different frequency offsets.

[0115] Assume the BSC device has two transmit antennas (first antenna and second antenna), both with impedance Z. A These correspond to two load impedances, Z1 and Z2, respectively. The switching frequency of the switch is controlled by a microcontroller (MCU), or it can be further controlled by the oscillator of the BSC device. The switching frequencies corresponding to the switches associated with each antenna of the BSC device are shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1

[0117] Information bits First antenna Second antenna Frequency difference Beam pointing 0 <![CDATA[f c0 ]]> <![CDATA[f0]]> <![CDATA[Δf c0 ]]> <![CDATA[θ c0 ]]> 1 <![CDATA[f c1 ]]> <![CDATA[f1]]> <![CDATA[Δf c1 ]]> <![CDATA[θ c1 ]]>

[0118] When the BSC device transmits bit 0, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the first antenna is f. c0 The switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the second antenna is f0, therefore the frequency difference is Δf. c0 According to the aforementioned formula (7), assuming the beam pointing distance remains constant, the beam pointing direction can be obtained as θ. c0 When the BSC device sends bit 1, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the first antenna is f. c1 The switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the second antenna is f1, therefore the frequency difference is Δf. c1 The beam pointing can be obtained as θ c1 The above-mentioned method of controlling the beam direction by switching the frequency achieves the purpose of coverage enhancement. Moreover, since the scheme of controlling the beam by changing the amplitude or phase of the backscattered signal by switching different load impedances requires a certain number of load impedances, the scheme of this application embodiment can effectively reduce the number of load impedances.

[0119] Whether the BSC device transmits bit 0 or bit 1, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the first antenna (the connected load impedance) can be the same, i.e., f c0 equal to f c1 Among them, f c0 and f c1 The value can be 0, indicating that the first antenna is not connected to the load impedance. In this case, Δf c0 Equal to f0, Δf c1 It equals f1. Furthermore, the switching frequencies corresponding to the switches (connected to the load impedance) associated with the first antenna can also be different, i.e., f... c0 Not equal to f c1 Wherein, Δf c0 f c0 The difference between f0 and f0; Δf c1 f c1 The difference between f1 and f2. When the first antenna of the BSC device transmits different information bits, it selects the same frequency, a different frequency, or a frequency of 0. This is mainly limited by the hardware capabilities and communication quality requirements of the BSC device. For example, the switching frequency corresponding to the switch associated with the antenna of the BSC device can also be indicated by DCI.

[0120] Assuming the bit sequence transmitted by the BSC device is 1001…, and the frequency offset corresponding to the transmission period of different information bits is θ. c1 θ c0 θ c0 θ c1 The fixed receiving beam of the BSC receiver is θ. c0 The direction of arrival of the signal. The measurement parameters used for transmitting signals mainly include: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Channel State Information (CSI), or other measurement parameters. Taking RSRP as an example, the reference signal strength received by the BSC receiver in the first period is RSRP1, and the reference signal strength received in the second period is RSRP0. The BSC receiver determines the information bits transmitted by the BSC device based on the reference signal strength of the received signal. Since the fixed receiving beam of the BSC receiver is θ... c0 If RSRP0 > RSRP1, the information bits transmitted in the first period are 1, and the information bits transmitted in the second period are 0.

[0121] Optionally, the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset may be the same or different.

[0122] For example, this embodiment provides an implementation of a virtual array.

[0123] As shown in Table 1, the frequency offsets of the first and second antennas when modulating different information bits can be the same or different: 1) Inconsistent: If the BSC device transmits bit 0000110, then transmitting the first 4 consecutive 0 bits can form a virtual array with 5 elements of equal spacing. However, when the transmitted bit changes from 0 to 1, the frequency offset changes, and the corresponding element spacing changes. At this time, a new virtual array can be formed, which can constitute a virtual non-uniform array;

[0124] 2) Consistent situation: If the transmit bit of the BSC device is still 0000110, since the frequency offset of transmit 0 and transmit 1 is consistent, a virtual array with 8 array elements at equal intervals can be realized.

[0125] In the above embodiments, a virtual array is realized by transmitting different information bits based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing coverage.

[0126] Figure 10 This is a second schematic diagram of the backscatter communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0127] Step 201: The first device receives a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0128] Step 202: The first device decodes the target information bits sent by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0129] Optionally, the first device sends a first indication message to the BSC device, the first indication message being used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0130] Optionally, the target information bits include a first information bit and a second information bit;

[0131] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset; the value range of i is [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas.

[0132] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset.

[0133] Optionally, the first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or,

[0134] The second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

[0135] Optionally, the first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or,

[0136] The second frequency and the fourth frequency are both zero.

[0137] Optionally, when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the target information bits are transmitted using beams corresponding to each of the antennas formed using a frequency control array; or,

[0138] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the target information bits are transmitted using the beams corresponding to each antenna formed by means of a virtual array or frequency control array.

[0139] The method in this embodiment is the same as the method embodiment on the BSC device side in terms of its specific implementation process and technical effects. For details, please refer to the detailed description in the method embodiment on the BSC device side, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] The backscatter communication method provided in this application can be executed by a backscatter communication device. This application uses a backscatter communication device executing the backscatter communication method as an example to illustrate the backscatter communication device provided in this application.

[0141] Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the backscatter communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the backscatter communication device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0142] The transmitting module 210 is used to transmit the target information bit based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0143] Optionally, the target information bits include a first information bit and a second information bit;

[0144] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset; the value range of i is [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas.

[0145] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset.

[0146] Optionally, the first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or,

[0147] The second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

[0148] Optionally,

[0149] The first frequency and the third frequency are both zero; or,

[0150] The second frequency and the fourth frequency are both zero.

[0151] Optionally, the first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam, wherein the directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

[0152] Optionally, the sending module 210 is specifically used for:

[0153] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, a beam corresponding to each antenna is formed in the transmission period of different information bits using a virtual array, and the target information bits are transmitted using the beam corresponding to each antenna.

[0154] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, a beam corresponding to each antenna is formed during the transmission period of different information bits using a virtual array or frequency control array, and the target information bits are transmitted using the beam corresponding to each antenna.

[0155] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0156] The receiving module is configured to receive first indication information sent by the first device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0157] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0158] The processing module 220 is used to determine, based on the switching frequency indicated by the first indication information and the target information bits, the switching frequency of each antenna-associated switch in the transmission period of different information bits, and the corresponding frequency offset.

[0159] The apparatus of this embodiment can be used to execute the method of any of the aforementioned BSC device-side method embodiments. Its specific implementation process and technical effects are the same as those in the BSC device-side method embodiments. For details, please refer to the detailed description in the BSC device-side method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0160] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the backscatter communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 As shown, the backscatter communication device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0161] The receiving module 310 is used to receive a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0162] The processing module 320 is used to decode the target information bits sent by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0163] Optionally, it also includes:

[0164] The transmitting module is used to send first indication information to the BSC device, the first indication information being used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0165] Optionally, the target information bits include a first information bit and a second information bit;

[0166] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset; the value range of i is [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas.

[0167] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset.

[0168] Optionally, the first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or,

[0169] The second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

[0170] Optionally, when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the target information bits are transmitted using beams corresponding to each of the antennas formed using a frequency control array; or,

[0171] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the target information bits are transmitted using the beams corresponding to each antenna formed by means of a virtual array or frequency control array.

[0172] Optionally, the first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or,

[0173] The second frequency and the fourth frequency are both zero.

[0174] The apparatus of this embodiment can be used to execute the method of any of the embodiments of the first device-side method described above. Its specific implementation process and technical effects are the same as those of the first device-side method embodiments. For details, please refer to the detailed description in the first device-side method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0175] The backscatter communication device in this application embodiment can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the terminal can include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above; other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and this application embodiment does not specifically limit the type.

[0176] The backscatter communication device provided in this application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiments of Figures N to N+x and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0177] Optionally, such as Figure 13 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1300, including a processor 1301 and a memory 1302. The memory 1302 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1301. For example, when the communication device 1300 is a BSC device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1301 implement the various steps of the above-described backscatter communication method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1300 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1301 implement the various steps of the above-described backscatter communication method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0178] This application also provides a BSC device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to transmit the target information bit based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described BSC device-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this BSC device embodiment and achieve the same technical effect.

[0179] This application embodiment also provides a first device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive a reference signal based on a target beam direction. The reference signal is transmitted by a backscatter communication (BSC) device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. The processor is used to decode the target information bits transmitted by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal. This first device embodiment corresponds to the above-described first device-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiment can be applied to this first device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0180] Optionally, the first device can be a network-side device, such as... Figure 14As shown, the network-side device 700 includes: an antenna 71, a radio frequency (RF) device 72, a baseband device 73, a processor 75, and a memory 75. The antenna 71 is connected to the RF device 72. In the uplink direction, the RF device 72 receives information through the antenna 71 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 73 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 73 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 72. The RF device 72 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 71.

[0181] The aforementioned frequency band processing device can be located in the baseband device 73. The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 73, which includes a baseband processor 75 and a memory 75.

[0182] The baseband device 73 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as... Figure 14 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor 75, which is connected to a memory 75 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 75 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0183] The baseband device 73 network-side equipment may also include a network interface 76 for exchanging information with the radio frequency device 72, such as a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0184] Specifically, the network-side device 700 of this embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in a memory 75 and executable on a processor 75, wherein the processor 75 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 75 to execute. Figure 12 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0185] Optionally, the first device can be a terminal, specifically, Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0186] The terminal 1000 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1001, network module 1002, audio output unit 1003, input unit 1004, sensor 1005, display unit 1006, user input unit 1007, interface unit 1008, memory 1009, and processor 1010.

[0187] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 1000 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1010 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 15 The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0188] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1004 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 10041 and a microphone 10042. The GPU 10041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1006 may include a display panel 10061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1007 includes at least one of a touch panel 10071 and other input devices 10072. The touch panel 10071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 10071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 10072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, joysticks, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0189] In this embodiment, the radio frequency unit 1001 receives downlink data from the network-side device and transmits it to the processor 1010 for processing. Additionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1001 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, and a duplexer.

[0190] The memory 1009 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1009 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first program or instruction storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1009 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. It may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, wherein the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1009 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0191] Processor 1010 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1010 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications or instructions, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1010.

[0192] The radio frequency unit 1001 is used to receive a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is based on the switching frequency of the switch associated with each of the multiple antennas in the backscatter communication BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset transmission between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits.

[0193] Processor 1010 is used to decode target information bits sent by BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal.

[0194] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to send first indication information to the BSC device, the first indication information being used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

[0195] Optionally, the target information bits include a first information bit and a second information bit;

[0196] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset; the value range of i is [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas.

[0197] When the target information bit to be transmitted is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency; the frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset.

[0198] Optionally, the first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or,

[0199] The second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

[0200] Optionally, when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the target information bits are transmitted using beams corresponding to each of the antennas formed using a frequency control array; or,

[0201] When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the target information bits are transmitted using the beams corresponding to each antenna formed by means of a virtual array or frequency control array.

[0202] Optionally, the first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or,

[0203] The second frequency and the fourth frequency are both zero.

[0204] In the above embodiments, the BSC device transmits target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna in the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, as well as the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. The beam direction is controlled by frequency, thereby enhancing coverage. Moreover, it does not require much impedance, and has low hardware complexity and power consumption.

[0205] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described backscatter communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0206] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0207] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described backscatter communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0208] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0209] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described backscatter communication method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0210] This application also provides a communication system, including a BSC device and a first device, wherein the BSC device can be used to perform the steps of the backscatter communication method as described above, and the first device can be used to perform the steps of the backscatter communication method as described above.

[0211] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0212] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0213] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A backscatter communication method, characterized in that, include: The backscatter communication (BSC) device transmits target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. The target information bit includes a first information bit and a second information bit. When the transmitted target information bit is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset. The value of i is in the range of [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas. When the transmitted target information bit is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset. The first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam. The directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or, the second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or, the second frequency and the fourth frequency are zero.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The transmission of the target information bits includes: when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the BSC device, based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, uses a virtual array to form beams corresponding to each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits, and transmits the target information bits using the beams corresponding to each antenna; when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the BSC device, based on the switching frequency and frequency offset, uses a virtual array or frequency control array to form beams corresponding to each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits, and transmits the target information bits using the beams corresponding to each antenna.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The method further includes: the BSC device receiving first indication information sent by the first device, the first indication information being used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: the BSC device determining the switching frequency of each antenna-associated switch and the corresponding frequency offset during the transmission period of different information bits based on the switching frequency indicated by the first indication information and the target information bits.

7. A backscatter communication method, characterized in that, include: The first device receives a reference signal based on the target beam direction; The reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits; the first device decodes the target information bits transmitted by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal. The target information bit includes a first information bit and a second information bit. When the transmitted target information bit is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset. The value of i is in the range of [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas. When the transmitted target information bit is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset. The first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam. The directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

8. The backscatter communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: the first device sending first indication information to the BSC device, the first indication information being used to indicate the switching frequency of the switches associated with each antenna during the transmission period of different information bits.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first frequency is different from the third frequency; and / or, the second frequency is different from the fourth frequency.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, When the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are the same, the target information bits are transmitted using the beams corresponding to each of the antennas formed by the frequency control array; or, when the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset are different, the target information bits are transmitted using the beams corresponding to each of the antennas formed by the virtual array or the frequency control array.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, The first frequency and the third frequency are zero; or, the second frequency and the fourth frequency are zero.

12. A backscatter communication device, characterized in that, include: The transmitting module is used to transmit target information bits based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas in the backscatter communication BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits. The target information bit includes a first information bit and a second information bit. When the transmitted target information bit is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset. The value of i is in the range of [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas. When the transmitted target information bit is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset. The first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam. The directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

13. A backscatter communication device, characterized in that, include: A receiving module is used to receive a reference signal based on the target beam direction; the reference signal is transmitted by the backscatter communication BSC device based on the switching frequency of the switches associated with each of the multiple antennas of the BSC device during the transmission period of different information bits, and the frequency offset between adjacent antennas in the multiple antennas corresponding to different information bits; a processing module is used to decode the target information bits transmitted by the BSC device based on the strength of the reference signal. The target information bit includes a first information bit and a second information bit. When the transmitted target information bit is the first information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the first frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the second frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the first information bit is the first frequency offset. The value of i is in the range of [1, M-1], where M is the number of antennas. When the transmitted target information bit is the second information bit, the switching frequency of the switch associated with the i-th antenna is the third frequency, and the switching frequency of the switch associated with the (i+1)-th antenna is the fourth frequency. The frequency offset between the i-th antenna and the (i+1)-th antenna corresponding to the second information bit is the second frequency offset. The first frequency offset is used to control the direction of the first beam, and the second frequency offset is used to control the direction of the second beam. The directions of the first beam and the second beam are different.

14. A BSC device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

15. A first device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in any one of claims 7 to 11.

16. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the backscatter communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, or implement the steps of the backscatter communication method as described in any one of claims 7 to 11.

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