A feed additive to improve the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of feed additive, and discloses a kind of feed additive for improving the quality of Nibea albipunctata swim bladder, which is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 40-55wt% cottonseed protein, 25-38wt% soybean saponin, 10-16wt% capric acid monoglyceride, 8-10wt% alanyl glutamine. In the above-mentioned feed additive, alanyl glutamine and capric acid glyceride play an important role in the process of synthesizing swim bladder collagen protein and accumulating essential amino acids in collagen protein. The mutual cooperation between the components in the feed additive can promote the deposition of swim bladder collagen protein and improve the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen protein at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology, and more specifically, relates to a feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker. Background Technology

[0002] Fish swim bladders contain collagen proteins, a large biomolecule whose main components are high-grade collagen and mucopolysaccharides, as well as various vitamins and trace elements such as calcium, zinc, iron, and selenium. It serves as a raw material for the human body to supplement and synthesize proteins, and is easily absorbed and utilized. It is stored in human tissues in the form of an aqueous solution, thereby improving tissue nutrition and metabolism. It has been proven that foods rich in collagen proteins can influence the physiological functions of certain tissues through the bound water contained in collagen, thereby promoting growth and development, enhancing disease resistance, and playing a role in delaying aging and fighting cancer.

[0003] Fish bladders can be processed into fish glue, which is one of the eight delicacies of the sea and commands a high price. High-quality fish glue can cost tens or even hundreds of thousands of yuan per 500 grams, while ordinary fish glue still costs several hundred yuan. Relatively speaking, fish glue extracted from wild fish species has greater economic and medicinal value.

[0004] The light-colored yellow croaker is an important marine aquaculture species in my country for producing valuable fish maw. Existing research on the swim bladder of yellow croaker mainly focuses on increasing the weight of the swim bladder and the deposition of collagen, but ignores the accumulation of beneficial amino acids in the swim bladder. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and firstly, to provide a feed additive that improves the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker.

[0006] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned feed additive.

[0007] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned feed additives.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 40-55 wt% cottonseed protein, 25-38 wt% soybean saponins, 10-16 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8-10 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0010] In the above-mentioned feed additives of the present invention, alanylglutamine and decanoic acid glyceride play an important role in the synthesis of fish swim bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen. The components in the feed additive work together to promote the deposition of fish swim bladder collagen and increase the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen.

[0011] Preferably, the feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 50wt% cottonseed protein, 30wt% soybean saponins, 12wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8wt% alanylglutamine.

[0012] The present invention also provides the application of the feed additive, specifically by adding the feed additive to the feed at a ratio of 0.5% to 2%.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing feed containing the feed additive, which involves mixing the feed additive with the feed and drying it at low temperature to obtain the feed.

[0014] Preferably, the specific operation of low-temperature drying is as follows: the feed mixed with feed additives is dried at 30 degrees Celsius.

[0015] The present invention also provides the application of the feed additive in the preparation of products that enhance the deposition of collagen in the swim bladder of yellow croaker.

[0016] The present invention also provides the use of the feed additive in the preparation of products that increase the essential amino acids in the swim bladder of yellow croaker.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the feed additive in the preparation of products that improve the growth performance of yellow croaker.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention discloses a feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker, comprising the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 40-55 wt% cottonseed protein, 25-38 wt% soybean saponins, 10-16 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8-10 wt% alanylglutamine. In this feed additive, alanylglutamine and decanoic acid monoglyceride play important roles in the synthesis of swim bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen. The synergistic effect of the components in the feed additive promotes both the deposition of swim bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] The experimental feed for yellow croaker was "Hailong" brand No. 2 extruded compound feed for marine fish. The guaranteed values ​​(%) of the product analysis were: crude protein ≥41.0, crude fat ≥5.0, crude fiber ≤3.5, crude ash ≤16.0, moisture ≤10.5, lysine ≥2, and total phosphorus 0.8-4.0. The raw material composition included fish meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, soybean lecithin oil, fish oil, lysine, minerals, and vitamins.

[0022] Determination of amino acid content: The collagen content of the test samples was determined using a kit (acid hydrolysis method) from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.

[0023] Collagen content determination: Hydroxyproline accounts for 13.4% of collagen, a very small amount in elastin, and is absent in other proteins. Measuring the hydroxyproline content allows for conversion into collagen content. The oxidation product of hydroxyproline under the action of an oxidizing agent reacts with dimethylaminoformaldehyde to produce a purple-red color; the intensity of this color can be used to estimate its content (ug / mg wet weight).

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 40 wt% cottonseed protein, 38 wt% soybean saponins, 12 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 10 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 55 wt% cottonseed protein, 25 wt% soybean saponins, 11 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 9 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 46 wt% cottonseed protein, 35 wt% soybean saponins, 10 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 9 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0030] Example 4

[0031] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 50 wt% cottonseed protein, 30 wt% soybean saponins, 12 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 50 wt% cottonseed protein, 38 wt% soybean saponins, and 12 wt% decanoic acid monoglyceride.

[0034] Compared to Example 4, the feed additive in this comparative example lacks alanine glutamine.

[0035] Comparative Example 2

[0036] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 55 wt% cottonseed protein, 37 wt% soybean saponins, and 8 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0037] Compared to Example 4, the feed additive in this comparative example lacks decanoic acid monoglyceride.

[0038] Comparative Example 3

[0039] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 50 wt% cottonseed protein, 30 wt% soybean saponins, 12 wt% hexanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0040] Compared to Example 4, in this comparative example, the feed additive replaced decanoic acid monoglyceride with hexanoic acid monoglyceride.

[0041] Comparative Example 4

[0042] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 35 wt% cottonseed protein, 45 wt% soybean saponins, 12 wt% hexanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0043] Compared to Example 4, this comparative example uses less cottonseed protein and more soybean saponins as feed additives.

[0044] Comparative Example 5

[0045] A feed additive for improving the swim bladder quality of yellow croaker consists of the following components by mass fraction: 60 wt% cottonseed protein, 20 wt% soybean saponins, 12 wt% hexanoic acid monoglyceride, and 8 wt% alanylglutamine.

[0046] Compared to Example 4, this comparative example increased the amount of cottonseed protein feed additive and decreased the amount of soybean saponins.

[0047] Example of effect

[0048] The aquaculture experiment was conducted in Nan'ao County, Shantou, Guangdong Province. The fish fry were purchased from local Nan'ao fish farms. The experimental fish fry were transferred to 3m×3m×2m seawater net cages and fasted for 24 hours. After that, they were temporarily raised on commercial feed for 2 weeks, with 1% feed additive added to the feed. The fish were fed twice a day at 7:30 and 17:00, according to 2% of their body weight (the control group was fed commercial feed). This was to help the fish fry settle in the net cage culture and to cull unhealthy fish and light-colored yellow croaker experimental fish that had been mechanically damaged during transportation. Routine management was carried out every day. During the culture period, the seawater temperature was 19-23 degrees Celsius and the seawater salinity was 8-11 ppt.

[0049] After the aquaculture experiment was completed, all fish in each experimental group were weighed and the feed conversion ratio and other indicators were calculated (see Table 1). Twenty fish were randomly selected from each replicate, anesthetized at low temperature, dissected, and the swim bladder tissue was removed. The surface fat was scraped off and the fish were placed in a sealed bag and stored at -20°C for the purpose of determining the collagen and amino acid content of the swim bladder.

[0050] Table 1 Growth performance of yellow croaker

[0051]

[0052] Table 1 shows that the survival rate, final body weight, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of the example group were generally better than those of the comparative group. The growth performance of the yellow croaker in comparative example 3 was similar to that of the example group, indicating that replacing decanoic acid monoglyceride with hexanoic acid had no significant effect on the growth performance of yellow croaker. Alanylglutamine can enhance the immunity and antioxidant stress resistance of fish, thereby significantly improving the growth performance of yellow croaker. The lack of alanylglutamine in comparative example 1 resulted in poor growth performance of yellow croaker. Decanoic acid monoglyceride, as a medium-chain fatty acid monoglyceride, has efficient and broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral functions; the lack of decanoic acid monoglyceride in comparative example 2 resulted in poor growth performance of yellow croaker. The data from comparative examples 4-5 show that the amount of cottonseed protein and soybean saponins had no significant effect on the growth performance of yellow croaker.

[0053] Table 2. Effects of essential amino acids in the swim bladder of yellow croaker.

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from the data in Table 2 for the comparative and example groups, changes in various factors of the feed additives in the comparative groups had no significant effect on the content of leucine, phenylalanine, and valine, but had a relatively large effect on lysine, threonine, arginine, and histidine. Specifically, the data from comparative groups 1 and 2 show that the lack of alanylglutamine or decanoic acid glyceride in the feed additives has a significant impact on the accumulation of essential amino acids. From comparative group 3, where decanoic acid glyceride was replaced with hexanoic acid glyceride, it can be seen that replacing medium-chain fatty acid glycerides did not significantly increase the accumulation of essential amino acids in fish swim bladder collagen, demonstrating the irreplaceable nature of decanoic acid glyceride in feed additives. The data from comparative groups 4 and 5 show that when the amounts of cottonseed protein and soybean saponins are within the range of the examples, they help to significantly increase the content of essential amino acids.

[0057] Table 3. Collagen content in the swim bladder of yellow croaker.

[0058]

[0059] As can be seen from the data in Table 3 of the comparative and example groups, changes in various factors of the feed additives in the comparative groups have a significant impact on collagen content. Specifically, the data from comparative groups 1 and 2 show that the lack of alanine glutamine or decanoic acid glyceride in the feed additives has a significant impact on collagen accumulation. In comparative group 3, replacing decanoic acid glyceride with hexanoic acid glyceride shows that replacing medium-chain fatty acid glycerides did not significantly increase the accumulation of fish swim bladder collagen. The data from comparative groups 4 and 5 show that when the amounts of cottonseed protein and soybean saponins are within the range of the examples, they help to significantly increase collagen content.

[0060] In summary, alanylglutamine and decanoic acid glyceride play important roles in the synthesis of fish swim bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen. The synergistic effect of the various components in the feed additive is necessary to promote the deposition of fish swim bladder collagen and increase the accumulation of essential amino acids in collagen.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for improving the quality of the swim bladder of Nibea albiflora, characterized in that, The feed additive is prepared from the following components with the following mass fractions: 50 wt% cottonseed protein, 30 wt% soybean saponin, 12 wt% capric acid monoglyceride, and 8 wt% alanyl glutamine.

2. The use of the feed additive for improving the quality of the miih croaker swim bladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed additive is added into the feed at 0.5%-2%.

3. A method for preparing a feed containing the feed additive for improving the quality of the milt of Nibea albiflora according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed additive is mixed with the feed and dried at low temperature to obtain the product.

4. Use of the feed additive for improving the quality of the Nibea albipunctata swim bladder in the preparation of a product for increasing the deposition of collagen in the Nibea albipunctata swim bladder.

5. Use of the feed additive for improving the quality of the Nibea albipunctata swim bladder in the preparation of a product for increasing the essential amino acids in the Nibea albipunctata swim bladder.

6. Use of the feed additive for improving the quality of the Nibea albipunctata swim bladder in the preparation of a product for improving the growth performance of the Nibea albipunctata.

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