Laser focusing structure and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a laser focusing structure and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. The focusing cylinder is the main body of the laser focusing structure, and a light inlet and a light outlet for entering and exiting light are respectively arranged in the middle of the two sides of the focusing cylinder. The light assembly is arranged, the light first enters the assembly through the light collecting funnel, the light is gradually bent under the action of refraction due to the funnel-shaped structure of the light collecting funnel, and is gathered in a small area, the light can be guided to concentrate on a focal point, then the light is focused on a point through the first convex lens, the preliminary focusing of the light is realized, then the light continues to pass through the second convex lens and the third convex lens, the focal point of each convex lens is matched with the front end of the next convex lens, in this way, the light is refracted and focused for multiple times in the series arrangement of the convex lenses, each convex lens re-focuses the light and transmits the light to the next convex lens, and the focusing effect of the light is gradually strengthened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser welding technology, specifically relating to a laser focusing structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a process that uses the high energy density of a laser beam to heat a workpiece to a molten or semi-molten state, thereby achieving a welded connection. Laser focusing is a crucial step in the laser welding process. Laser focusing refers to converging the laser beam to a smaller focal point through optical elements (such as lenses or mirrors), forming a high-energy-density laser region. In laser welding, the purpose of laser focusing is to concentrate the laser energy at the weld joint to achieve a molten or semi-molten state and complete the weld connection. Laser focusing is a key step in the laser welding process; it uses optical elements to focus the laser beam to a suitable focal point, providing the required high energy density and welding precision, thus establishing the foundation for laser welding operations.

[0003] According to patent number CN109894740A, a laser focusing device and a method for laser focusing are disclosed, including: a total internal reflection cone, a first total internal reflection mask, a second total internal reflection mask, a support device, and an annular bracket. The annular bracket includes a first circular sidewall, a connecting piece, and a second circular sidewall. The second circular sidewall is concentrically fixed inside the first circular sidewall by the connecting piece, focusing at a certain focusing angle and uniformly focusing towards the focal point throughout the entire space. Therefore, it can ensure that the optical fiber to be fused and the metal to be welded at the focal point are fused and welded under the premise of uniform heating.

[0004] In the process of developing this invention, the applicant discovered the following problems: 1. During laser focusing, when light is dispersed and focused by reflection, most of the light can pass through smoothly. However, when the light passes through reflection, it may interact with tiny defects or inhomogeneities on the reflecting surface, resulting in a small portion of the light being scattered. When the light passes through the optical materials used, changes in the tiny structure or composition of the material may also cause light scattering. Scattered light will lead to the loss of laser energy, which may interfere with the surrounding optical systems, instruments or observers, and affect the accuracy of the device.

[0005] 2. Changes in ambient temperature during laser focusing can affect the laser focusing process. This is because temperature changes cause thermal expansion of optical materials, resulting in shape distortion and positional shift, which in turn changes the position and shape of the laser focusing point. Furthermore, laser light refracts when passing through different media, and the refractive index of the medium is related to temperature. When the ambient temperature changes, the refractive index of the medium will also change accordingly, which will cause the light to be deflected when propagating in different media. Therefore, when performing precise laser focusing, it is necessary to pay attention to changes in the temperature of the external environment to ensure the accuracy and stability of laser focusing.

[0006] 3. During laser focusing, the laser beam gradually expands during transmission. If sufficient beam shaping and adjustment are not performed, the light concentration may be insufficient, resulting in a weak laser beam. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser focusing structure and method to solve the problems existing in the laser focusing process mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A laser focusing structure, comprising: The focusing tube, which is the main body of this laser focusing structure, has two sides divided in the middle. Do not install light inlets and outlets for light to enter or exit; A front fixing frame is installed inside one side of the focusing tube, and a first reflecting light cone for reflecting light is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the front fixing frame; A rear fixing frame is installed in the middle of the inside of the focusing tube, and a second reflecting light cone and a third reflecting light cone are respectively fixed on both sides of the rear fixing frame for reflecting light. The first reflective cover is fixedly mounted on the left side of the front fixing frame; The second reflective cover is fixedly installed on the right side of the rear fixing frame; A scattering compensation component for compensating for scattered light is provided between the first reflective photomask and the second reflective photomask; A focusing component for adjusting the degree of light focusing is provided on the other side of the focusing tube; The inner wall of the focusing cylinder is equipped with a heat insulation component to isolate it from the influence of the external environment.

[0009] Preferably, the scattering compensation component further includes: The third reflective mask is disposed between the first reflective mask and the second reflective mask via a central fixing frame; A concave reflective light cover is disposed around the left side of the rear fixing frame; V-shaped reflective surfaces are formed around the inside of the concave reflective mask.

[0010] Preferably, the concentrating component further includes: A focusing tube is disposed in the middle of the inside of the focusing tube and adjacent to the second reflective cover; The first convex lens, the second convex lens, and the third convex lens are evenly arranged on one side of the focusing funnel; The first screw, the second screw, the third screw, and the guide rod are all disposed around the interior of the first convex lens, the second convex lens, and the third convex lens.

[0011] Preferably, the thermal insulation component further includes: The water cavity, the heat insulation layer, and the sealing layer are all disposed around the inner wall of the focusing cylinder; The water cavity is arranged adjacent to the insulation layer through the sealing layer.

[0012] Preferably, the third reflective mask is positioned toward the direction of the third reflective cone, and the V-shaped reflective surface is also located around the third reflective cone.

[0013] Preferably, the focusing funnel is funnel-shaped and located on one side of the second reflecting cone. The first convex lens is threadedly connected to the first screw via a threaded sleeve, the second convex lens is threadedly connected to the second screw via a threaded sleeve, and the third convex lens is threadedly connected to the third screw via a threaded sleeve. The first, second, and third convex lenses are all slidably connected to the guide rod via sliding sleeves.

[0014] Preferably, the water cavity is located outside the insulation layer, which is made of rock wool.

[0015] Preferably, a mounting base is fixedly provided at the bottom of the focusing cylinder, and mounting holes for mounting bolts are provided through the top two sides of the mounting base.

[0016] A method of using a laser focusing structure includes the following steps: S1: The laser enters through the light inlet, and the light is reflected by the first reflective cone to the first reflective mask, then reflected to the second reflective mask, and then reflected by the second reflective cone to converge towards the light outlet; S2: The light then passes through the focusing bucket in the focusing assembly and moves toward the first convex lens, the second convex lens, and the third convex lens. By rotating the first screw, the second screw, and the third screw respectively, the first convex lens, the second convex lens, and the third convex lens can slide along the guide rod. When the light passes through the first convex lens, it will be refracted according to the shape and curvature of the lens. The function of the first convex lens is to converge the light to a focal point after refraction, thereby achieving light focusing. Since the first convex lens, the second convex lens, and the third convex lens are arranged in series, the focal point of each convex lens matches the front end of the next convex lens. When the light passes through the series of convex lenses, it will be refracted and focused multiple times, thereby further enhancing the focusing intensity of the light. S3: Furthermore, the third reflective mask in the scattering compensation component can intercept and block the residual light scattered from the focusing bucket, and reflect these scattered light rays to the third reflective cone, then to the V-shaped reflective surface, then to the third reflective mask, and finally return these scattered light rays to the focusing bucket, avoiding the light from being weakened by scattering and making the light more intense when focused; S4: Finally, the light is emitted through the light outlet to achieve the laser focusing effect; S5: At the same time, during the multiple reflections of light, the water cavity and insulation layer in the heat insulation component can provide heat insulation for the focusing tube, making the internal temperature of the focusing tube stable and less likely to affect the focusing of light.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By incorporating a scattering compensation component, the third reflective mask within the component intercepts and blocks the residual light scattered from the focusing funnel. It reflects these scattered rays, guiding them to the third reflective cone and then to the V-shaped reflective surface. After reflection from the surface, the light is reflected again to the third reflective mask and finally directed back to the focusing funnel. This avoids the light being weakened by scattering, making the light stronger when focused, thereby improving the concentration of the light. In order to further reduce the scattering of light on the third reflective mask and V-shaped reflective surface in the scattering compensation component, these surfaces are usually coated with an anti-scattering coating. These anti-scattering coatings are composed of multiple thin film layers. The thickness and refractive index of each layer are prepared according to the interference principle, which can achieve interference and destructive interference effects on light in a specific wavelength range, thereby reducing or minimizing the scattering of light on the coating surface. By setting up a focusing assembly, light first enters the assembly through a focusing funnel. Due to the funnel's funnel-shaped structure, the light gradually bends under refraction and converges into a smaller area. This structure effectively guides the light to focus on a single point. Next, the light passes through a first convex lens, which slides along a guide rod by adjusting a first screw. The shape and curvature of the first convex lens cause refraction, focusing the light to a single point, achieving initial focusing. Then, the light continues through a second and third convex lens. By adjusting the second and third screws, the second and third convex lenses slide along the guide rod, ensuring that the focal point of each lens matches the front end of the next lens. In this way, the light undergoes multiple refractions and focusing in the series of convex lenses, further enhancing the focusing intensity. Each convex lens refocuses the light and passes it to the next, gradually strengthening the focusing effect. This design not only makes the light stronger but also allows control over the focusing position to meet the needs of different applications. By incorporating a heat insulation component, the thickness of the water chamber is one-fifth the thickness of the focusing cylinder sidewall. Second, the internal temperature of the focusing tube can be balanced by the heat capacity and heat conduction of water. When the external ambient temperature changes, the water cavity can absorb or release heat, thereby maintaining the stability of the internal temperature of the focusing tube. The thickness of the insulation layer is one-fifth of the thickness of the side wall of the focusing tube. The insulation layer is made of rock wool, which is an insulating material made of mineral fibers. Rock wool has low thermal conductivity and excellent heat insulation effect, which can effectively reduce heat conduction. Through the insulation layer, the influence of the external environment can be further isolated, thereby maintaining the stability of the internal temperature of the focusing tube and reducing the influence of the external temperature on the internal temperature of the focusing tube, thus maintaining the stability of light focusing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the focusing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-concentrating component of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the anti-rebound component of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal insulation component of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third reflective photomask of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Focusing tube; 101. Light inlet; 102. Light outlet; 2. Front mounting bracket; 201. First reflecting light cone; 3. Rear mounting bracket; 301. Second reflecting light cone; 302. Third reflective cone; 4. First reflective cover; 5. Second reflective cover; 6. Scattering compensation assembly; 601. Third reflective cover; 602. Central fixing frame; 603. Concave reflective cover; 604. V-shaped reflective surface; 7. Focusing assembly; 701. Focusing chamber; 702. First convex lens; 7021. First screw; 703. Second convex lens; 7031. Second screw; 704. Third convex lens; 7041. Third screw; 705. Guide rod; 8. Thermal insulation assembly; 801, water cavity; 802, insulation layer; 803, sealing layer; 9, mounting base; 901, mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0021] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple improvements to the method of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-6. This invention provides a laser focusing structure. The focusing tube (1) is the main body of the entire laser focusing structure. It has an inlet (101) and an outlet (102) for light input and output, respectively. The front fixing bracket (2) is installed inside the focusing tube (1) on one side, and a first reflecting light cone (201) is fixedly set in the middle of one side. This means that when light enters the focusing tube through the inlet, it will be reflected by the first reflecting light cone (201) and its direction will be changed. The rear fixing bracket (3) is installed in the middle of the focusing tube (1), and a second reflecting light cone (301) and a third reflecting light cone (302) are fixed on both sides, respectively. These reflecting light cones are used to reflect light and further change its direction. The first reflective mask (4) is fixed around the left side of the front mounting bracket (2), and its function is to guide the light reflected by the first reflective cone (201) to the correct direction; the second reflective mask (5) is fixed around the right side of the rear mounting bracket (3), and its function is to guide the light reflected by the first reflective mask (4) to converge the second reflective cone (301) towards the light outlet (102). The first reflective cone (201), the second reflective cone (301), the third reflective cone (302), the first reflective mask (4), and the second reflective mask (5) The surface is coated with an anti-scattering coating, which is usually composed of multiple thin film layers. These thin film layers are prepared based on the principle of interference and can reduce or minimize the scattering of light on the coating surface.

[0023] In one embodiment, the scattering compensation component (6) includes: a third reflective mask. (601) is positioned between the first reflective mask (4) and the second reflective mask (5) and is fixed by the central fixing frame (602). Its function is to receive the residual light scattered from the focusing bucket (701) and block these scattered rays to prevent them from affecting the concentration of the light. The concave reflective mask (603) is a concave structure that helps guide the propagation of light and enhances the focusing effect of the light. The V-shaped reflective surface (604) is located in the concave reflective mask. (603) has a V-shaped reflective surface structure on its interior perimeter, which serves to further guide and enhance the reflection effect of scattered light, reducing light scattering. In one embodiment, the scattering compensation component (6) further includes: a third reflective mask. The maximum area of ​​(601) is the same as the maximum area of ​​the focusing funnel (701) and they are symmetrically arranged. The surfaces of the third reflective mask (601) and the V-shaped reflective surface (604) are coated with an anti-scattering coating. The anti-scattering coating is usually composed of multiple thin film layers. The thickness and refractive index of each film layer are precisely designed and controlled. These thin film layers are prepared according to the principle of interference. By adjusting the thickness of each layer and the refractive index of the material, interference and destructive interference effects on light in a specific wavelength range can be achieved, thus reducing or minimizing the scattering of light on the coating surface.

[0024] In one embodiment, the focusing assembly (7) includes: a focusing funnel (701) which is a funnel-shaped structure located in the middle of the focusing tube (1) and adjacent to the second reflective mask (5). Its function is to guide light into the focusing tube through its funnel-shaped design. The light component gradually bends the path of the light through refraction, focusing the light into a smaller area.

[0025] In one embodiment, the light-concentrating assembly (7) further includes: a first convex lens. (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) are all fixedly provided with mounting frames. The mounting frames are slidably connected to the inner wall of the focusing cylinder (1). The mounting frames are provided with threaded sleeves and sliding sleeves that match the first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), the third screw (7041), and the guide rod (705). The first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), the third screw (7041), and the guide rod (705) have the same length. After the first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), and the third screw (7041) rotate respectively, the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) can be driven, so that the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) can move along the guide rod (705). The spacing between the guide rods (705) is changed. When light passes through the first convex lens (702), it will be refracted according to the shape and curvature of the lens. The function of the first convex lens (702) is to make the light converge to a focal point after refraction, thereby achieving the focusing of the light. Since the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703) and the third convex lens (704) are arranged in series, the focal point of each convex lens matches the front end of the next convex lens. When the light passes through the series of convex lenses, it will be refracted and focused multiple times, thereby further enhancing the focusing intensity of the light.

[0026] In one embodiment, the heat insulation component (8) includes: a water cavity (801) with a thickness of two-fifths of the sidewall thickness of the focusing cylinder (1), and a heat insulation layer (802) with a thickness of one-fifth of the sidewall thickness of the focusing cylinder (1), thus providing heat insulation for the focusing cylinder (1). The insulation layer (802) uses rock wool, which is an insulating material made of mineral fiber. It has low thermal conductivity and excellent heat insulation effect. The insulation layer (802) can further isolate the external environment from affecting the internal temperature of the focusing cylinder (1), making the internal temperature of the focusing cylinder (1) stable and not easily affecting the light focusing. The water cavity (801) is set adjacent to the insulation layer (802) through the sealing layer (803). The sealing layer (803) can separate the water cavity (801) from the insulation layer (802) to prevent mutual interference.

[0027] In one embodiment, the focusing tube (1) also includes a mounting base (9) fixedly disposed at its bottom. The mounting base (9) serves to provide a support point for the user to fix the focusing tube (1) to other equipment or structures. The top two sides of the mounting base (9) are provided with mounting holes (901) for mounting bolts. Through these mounting holes (901), the user can use appropriate bolts to install the focusing tube (1) in the desired position to ensure its stability and firmness. A method of using a laser focusing structure includes the following steps: S1: The laser light enters through the light inlet (101), and the light passes through the first reflective cone. (201) is reflected to the first reflective mask (4), then to the second reflective mask (5), and then to the second reflective cone (301) which converges towards the light outlet (102); S2: The light then passes through the focusing chamber (701) in the focusing assembly (7) and moves toward the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704). By rotating the first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), and the third screw (7041) respectively, the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) can slide along the guide rod (705), thereby allowing the light to pass through the first convex lens (702). When the lens (702) is used, the light will be refracted according to the shape and curvature of the lens. The function of the first convex lens (702) is to make the light converge to a focal point after refraction, thereby achieving the focusing of the light. Since the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703) and the third convex lens (704) are arranged in series, the focal point of each convex lens matches the front end of the next convex lens. When the light passes through the series of convex lenses, it will be refracted and focused multiple times, thereby further enhancing the focusing intensity of the light. S3: Furthermore, the third reflective mask (601) in the scattering compensation component (6) can intercept and block the residual light scattered from the focusing bucket (701), and reflect these scattered light rays to the third reflective cone (302), then to the V-shaped reflective surface (604), then to the third reflective mask (601), and finally return these scattered light rays to the focusing bucket (701), so as to avoid the light light being weakened by scattering and make the light light more intense when focused; S4: Finally, the light beam is emitted through the light outlet (102) to achieve the laser focusing effect; S5: At the same time, during the process of light undergoing multiple reflections, the water cavity (801) and the insulation layer (802) in the heat insulation component (8) can provide heat insulation for the focusing cylinder (1), so that the internal temperature of the focusing cylinder (1) is stable and does not easily affect the focusing of light.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser focusing structure, characterized in that, include: The focusing tube (1) is the main body of this laser focusing structure. The two sides of the focusing tube (1) are respectively opened with light inlet (101) and light outlet (102) for light to enter and exit. A front fixing frame (2) is installed inside one side of the focusing tube (1), and a first reflecting light cone (201) for reflecting light is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the front fixing frame (2); The rear fixing frame (3) is installed in the middle of the inside of the focusing tube (1). The second reflecting light cone (301) and the third reflecting light cone (302) for reflecting light are respectively fixed on both sides of the rear fixing frame (3). The first reflective mask (4) is fixedly installed on the left side of the front fixing frame (2); The second reflective mask (5) is fixedly installed on the right side of the rear fixing frame (3); A scattering compensation component (6) for compensating for scattered light is provided between the first reflective mask (4) and the second reflective mask (5); On the other side of the focusing tube (1) is a focusing component (7) for adjusting the degree of light focusing; The inner wall of the focusing cylinder (1) is provided with a heat insulation component (8) for isolating the influence of the external environment. The scattering compensation component (6) also includes: The third reflective mask (601) is disposed between the first reflective mask (4) and the second reflective mask (5) by means of a central fixing bracket (602); A concave reflective mask (603) is disposed around the left side of the rear fixing frame (3); V-shaped reflective surface (604) is formed around the inside of the concave reflective mask (603); The light-concentrating component (7) also includes: A focusing tube (701) is disposed in the middle of the interior of the focusing tube (1) and adjacent to the second reflective cover (5); The third reflective mask (601) is arranged in the direction of the third reflective cone (302), and the V-shaped reflective surface (604) is also located around the third reflective cone (302); The focusing funnel (701) is arranged in a funnel shape and is located on one side of the second reflecting cone (301); The third reflector (601) in the scattering compensation component (6) can intercept and block the residual light scattered from the focusing bucket (701), and reflect these scattered light rays to the third reflector cone (302), then to the V-shaped reflector (604), then to the third reflector (601), and finally return these scattered light rays to the focusing bucket (701), thus avoiding the light from being weakened by scattering and making the light more intense when focused.

2. The laser focusing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-concentrating component (7) also includes: The first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) are evenly arranged on one side of the focusing funnel (701); The first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), the third screw (7041), and the guide rod (705) are all disposed around the interior of the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704).

3. The laser focusing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation component (8) also includes: The water cavity (801), the heat insulation layer (802), and the sealing layer (803) are all disposed around the inner wall of the focusing cylinder (1); The water cavity (801) is disposed adjacent to the heat insulation layer (802) through the sealing layer (803).

4. A laser focusing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first convex lens (702) is threadedly connected to the first screw (7021) through a threaded sleeve, the second convex lens (703) is threadedly connected to the second screw (7031) through a threaded sleeve, and the third convex lens (704) is threadedly connected to the third screw (7041) through a threaded sleeve. The first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) are all slidably connected to the guide rod (705) through a sliding sleeve.

5. A laser focusing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water cavity (801) is located outside the insulation layer (802), which is made of rock wool.

6. A laser focusing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the focusing cylinder (1) is fixedly provided with a mounting base (9), and the top two sides of the mounting base (9) are provided with mounting holes (901) for mounting bolts.

7. The method of using a laser focusing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The laser light enters through the light inlet (101), and the light light is reflected by the first reflective cone (201) to the first reflective mask (4), then reflected to the second reflective mask (5), and then reflected to the second reflective cone (301) to converge towards the light outlet (102); S2: The light then passes through the focusing bucket (701) in the focusing assembly (7) and moves toward the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704). By rotating the first screw (7021), the second screw (7031), and the third screw (7041) respectively, the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) can slide along the guide rod (705). When the light passes through the first convex lens (702), it will be refracted according to the shape and curvature of the lens. The function of the first convex lens (702) is to make the light converge to a focal point after refraction, thereby achieving the focusing of the light. Since the first convex lens (702), the second convex lens (703), and the third convex lens (704) are arranged in series, the focal point of each convex lens matches the front end of the next convex lens. When the light passes through the series of convex lenses, it will be refracted and focused multiple times, thereby further enhancing the focusing intensity of the light. S3: Furthermore, the third reflective mask (601) in the scattering compensation component (6) can intercept and block the residual light scattered from the focusing bucket (701), and reflect these scattered light rays to the third reflective cone (302), then to the V-shaped reflective surface (604), then to the third reflective mask (601), and finally return these scattered light rays to the focusing bucket (701), so as to avoid the light light being weakened by scattering and make the light light more intense when focused; S4: Finally, the light beam is emitted through the light outlet (102) to achieve the laser focusing effect; S5: At the same time, during the process of light undergoing multiple reflections, the water cavity (801) and the insulation layer (802) in the heat insulation component (8) can provide heat insulation for the focusing cylinder (1), so that the internal temperature of the focusing cylinder (1) is stable and does not easily affect the focusing of light.

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