Automatic switching method and system for giant hydroelectric generating set

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of giant hydroelectric station unit automatic switching method and system, it is related to hydroelectric station technical field, including according to the required unit number and parameter of demand setting;Unit switching function automatic inspection aF start to no-load condition, bF normal shutdown condition, add cut unit, stop cut unit and two machine total active;Execute unit automatic switching process.Through the giant hydroelectric station unit automatic switching method, a large number of manual operation steps are converted into automatic process realization, improve the work efficiency of operating personnel.Reduce the operation of personnel frequent switching monitoring module picture operation, avoid the occurrence of misoperation risk, improve equipment operation reliability.Effective saving operating personnel time, in unit maintenance period, personnel configuration is not exist again, further improve the level of equipment safety and stability operation.Keep the total load of switching unit unchanged, realize automatic counter on the premise of not affecting power grid operation safety, safe and reliable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydropower stations, in particular to an automatic switching method and system for a giant hydropower station unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] The giant hydropower plant has a large number of units, and the water turbine generator set is often the first choice for peak regulation and frequency regulation of the power system due to its characteristics of convenient and fast start and stop, safe and stable operation, etc. In addition, during the low load period of the power grid, the water power plant often faces long standby time of the unit and temporary defect elimination, etc. which need temporary unit switching. The above work involves unit switching operation of the water turbine generator set.

[0003] In the unit switching operation, the operator needs to perform operations such as generator outlet knife switch, technical water supply, single machine AGC switching, single machine AVC switching, pressure plate switching, load switching between units, unit start-up, unit shutdown, etc. The operation process is relatively complicated, and the safety requirement of load switching process is extremely high. The total active power of the switched unit needs to be smooth and stable to reduce the impact on the safe operation of the power grid. At the same time, the operation process consumes a lot of personnel and time, and the problem of insufficient personnel allocation is highlighted during the unit maintenance period. Therefore, it is necessary to study the automatic switching method of the giant hydropower station unit. SUMMARY

[0004] This section aims to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, abstract and title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0005] In view of the above and / or existing problems in the prior art, the present application is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present application is how to design an automatic switching method for a giant hydropower station unit.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an automatic switching method for a giant hydropower station unit, comprising: setting the required unit number and parameters according to the requirements; automatically checking the aF start-up to no-load condition, bF normal shutdown condition, adding and cutting the unit, and total active power of two units for unit switching function; and executing the unit automatic switching process.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of a large hydropower station unit, the required unit number and parameters are set, the unit switching function setting interface contains the planned start-up unit number, the planned shutdown unit number, the start-up and shutdown unit number, the total active power setting function of two units, and the operator sets it according to the actual start-up and shutdown demand. In order to avoid misoperation, the single unit switching soft pressure plate is set in the unit switching function setting interface, and only the soft pressure plate of two units is put into operation, and the unit switching function is normally used.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of a large hydropower station unit, the unit switching function automatic inspection includes that the aF start-up to no-load condition satisfaction, the bF normal shutdown condition satisfaction are automatically inspected, and the start-up and shutdown unit has been set, the total active power of two units has been set, after the inspection, the monitoring module reports that the unit switching open aF and the stop bF conditions are satisfied, and the open aF and the stop bF condition satisfaction state indicator in the unit switching function setting interface is lit, the unit automatic switching process in the unit switching function setting interface is clicked to start and is confirmed, and the unit automatic switching process is started to be executed.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of the giant hydropower station unit, the automatic switching flow of the unit comprises closing the planned start-up unit aF generator outlet knife switch, if the aF generator outlet knife switch 20a1 closing condition &aF start-up to grid connection condition is met, the aF start-up to grid connection order is sent; the aF start-up to grid connection order is sent, the aF start-up flow is started and executed, after the start-up to grid connection order is sent, the monitoring module reports that the aF start-up process is entered and automatically monitors the flow execution, after the aF unit is connected to the grid, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal, if the start-up process fails, the flow automatically exits, if the step execution is completed, the generator outlet switch and the unit active state are judged; if the generator outlet switch is closed & the unit active is greater than or equal to 10MW, the aF active is set to 20MW, the aF reactive is set to 10MVar, after the execution is completed, the aF unit active, the aF unit reactive and the cut-in and cut-out unit are judged; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to 15MW & the F unit reactive is greater than or equal to 5MVar & the cut-in and cut-out unit is aF, the xF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture is put into operation, after the execution is completed, the bF single unit AGC operation is performed; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to 15MW & the aF unit reactive is greater than or equal to 5MVar & the cut-in and cut-out unit is not aF, the bF single unit AGC is performed, if the bF single unit AGC has exited, the aF load increasing and the bF load decreasing operation are performed; the aF load increasing and the bF load decreasing are simultaneously operated, the monitoring module sends the bF active regulation decreasing step to 50MW, the aF active regulation increasing step to 50MW, reaches the unit active set value dead zone 5MW and keeps for a certain time 5s, the total active of the two units keeps unchanged, if the adjustment occurs overtime, the flow automatically exits; if the load of the two units enters the preset range and keeps for a certain time, the bF unit active and the cut-in and cut-out unit are judged.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of the giant hydropower station unit, the automatic switching flow of the unit comprises closing the planned start-up unit aF generator outlet knife switch, if the aF generator outlet knife switch 20a1 closing condition &aF start-up to grid connection condition is met, the aF start-up to grid connection order is sent; the aF start-up to grid connection order is sent, the aF start-up flow is started and executed, after the start-up to grid connection order is sent, the monitoring module reports that the aF start-up process is entered and automatically monitors the flow execution, after the aF unit is connected to the grid, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal, if the start-up process fails, the flow automatically exits, if the step execution is completed, the generator outlet switch and the unit active state are judged; if the generator outlet switch is closed & the unit active is greater than or equal to 10MW, the aF active is set to 20MW, the aF reactive is set to 10MVar, after the execution is completed, the aF unit active, the aF unit reactive and the cut-in and cut-out unit are judged; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to 15MW & the F unit reactive is greater than or equal to 5MVar & the cut-in and cut-out unit is aF, the xF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture is put into operation, after the execution is completed, the bF single unit AGC operation is performed; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to 15MW & the aF unit reactive is greater than or equal to 5MVar & the cut-in and cut-out unit is not aF, the bF single unit AGC is performed, if the bF single unit AGC has exited, the aF load increasing and the bF load decreasing operation are performed; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to 15MW & the aF unit reactive is greater than or equal to 5MVar & the cut-in and cut-out unit is not aF, the bF single unit AGC is performed, after the aF load increasing and the bF load decreasing are executed, the aF unit active and the cut-in and cut-out unit are judged; if the aF unit active is greater than or equal to the cut-in and cut-out unit is aF, the aF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture is put into operation, if the aF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture has been put into operation, the aF load increasing and the bF load decreasing operation are performed, after the execution is completed, the bF unit active and the reactive are judged.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of the giant hydropower unit, the judging of the active and reactive power of the bF unit comprises: if the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the reactive power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 10 MVar, the bF single unit AVC operation is exited, the bF single unit AVC, the active power of the bF unit and the stop and cut unit are judged; if the bF single unit AVC is exited, the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the stop and cut unit is not the bF, the AGC picture yF cut pressure plate is exited, if the AGC picture yF cut pressure plate has been exited, the bF stop order is sent; if the bF single unit AVC is exited, the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the stop and cut unit is the bF, the bF stop order is sent, and after the execution is completed, the GCB and the stator current of the bF unit are judged, if the GCB of the bF unit is opened and the stator current is less than or equal to 20 A, the 20b1 is pulled away, the aF single unit AGC is put in, if the generator outlet switch 20b1 of the bF unit is opened, the unit speed is less than or equal to 1% Ne, the technical water supply of the unit is stopped and the aF single unit AGC has been put in, the unit is stopped; the sending of the bF stop order comprises: the monitoring module sends the bF stop to the full stop order, the bF stop process is started and executed, after the stop order is sent, the monitoring module reports that the bF stop process is entered and automatically monitors the process execution, after the generator outlet switch of the bF unit is opened and the unit is fully stopped, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal, if the stop process fails, the process is automatically exited.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the automatic switching method of the giant hydropower unit, the automatic switching process further comprises: setting the on and off unit number, starting the unit, switching the load, stopping the unit and the process can be manually intervened; the setting of the on and off unit number is determined by the operator to determine the planned on unit, the planned off unit, the added and cut unit and the stop and cut unit, and is set and modified by the operator; the starting of the unit comprises: the unit starting process is automatically started without human intervention, and whether the unit reaches the target state is automatically judged after the process is started; the load switching comprises: the process of increasing the load of the planned on unit and reducing the load of the planned off unit is fully automated, the total load of the two units is set as a fixed value to reduce the influence on the safe operation of the power grid, the load is automatically calculated during the adjustment process, and the next adjustment is performed after the two units reach the target point; the stopping of the unit comprises: the unit stopping process is automatically started without human intervention, and whether the unit reaches the target state is automatically judged after the process is started; the process can be manually intervened, that is, the function that the operator can exit the unit switching process at any time is provided.

[0014] Another object of the present application is to provide an automatic switching method of a giant hydropower unit, which can fully mobilize the automatic switching capacity of the giant hydropower unit by constructing an automatic switching system.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: an automatic switching system for a large-scale hydropower unit, comprising a monitoring module, a communication module and a control module; the monitoring module monitors the execution of each step in the whole unit switching process, judges whether the switching requirements are met according to the set conditions, is responsible for issuing instructions to other systems, controls the operation state of the equipment and ensures the safety and reliability of the switching process; the communication module is used for realizing data transmission and information exchange between different systems, connecting the monitoring module and the control module, mutually transmitting state information and instructions and ensuring the coordinated operation of the system; the control module is used for executing each step in the switching process and ensuring the correct operation sequence and timing, receiving the instructions issued by the monitoring module and controlling the operation state of the equipment such as closing, opening and setting the unit parameters.

[0016] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the automatic switching method for a large-scale hydropower unit when executing the computer program.

[0017] A computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, characterized in that the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the automatic switching method for a large-scale hydropower unit.

[0018] The method has the advantages that the method can realize simultaneous load increasing and load decreasing operation, load stable switching between units, single load switching with small amplitude and small influence on total load, automatic exiting of the process and alarm when the total load of two units deviates from the set value to ensure that the load deviation of the switching units has influence on the total load within a predetermined range. The method can realize unit start-up and shutdown command and whole process monitoring, and has the functions of fault alarm and process exiting. After the start-up to grid connection order is issued, the monitoring module signals and automatically monitors the process execution, and after the unit is connected to the grid, the monitoring module signals. If a fault occurs during the start-up process, the process automatically exits. After the monitoring module issues the shutdown to total stop order, the shutdown process starts and executes, and after the order is issued, the monitoring module signals and automatically monitors the process execution, and after the generator outlet switch is opened and the unit is totally stopped, the monitoring module signals. If a fault occurs during the shutdown process, the process automatically exits. The method converts a large number of manual operation steps into automatic process to improve the work efficiency of the operation personnel. The method reduces the frequent switching of the operation personnel to avoid the risk of misoperation and improves the reliability of the equipment operation. The method effectively saves the time of the operation personnel, and the problem of personnel shortage during unit maintenance period is solved, and the safety and stability of the equipment operation are further improved. The method keeps the total load of the switching units unchanged, realizes automatic switching without affecting the safety of the power grid, and is safe and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. Among them:

[0020] Figure 1 The method is provided for the first embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 The method is provided for the first embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 The method is provided for the first embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4A structural diagram of an automatic switching system of a large hydroelectric generating unit is provided for a second embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other manners different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein means that specific features, structures or characteristics contained in at least one implementation of the present application. "In one embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Reference Figures 1-3 For the first embodiment of the present application, the embodiment provides an automatic switching method of a large hydroelectric generating unit, comprising:

[0029] The unit switching function setting interface contains: planned start-up unit number, planned shutdown unit number, start-up and shutdown unit number, shutdown and startup unit number, and total active power of two units setting functions, which are used for operators to set according to actual start-up and shutdown requirements, and at the same time, in order to avoid misoperation, single unit switching soft pressure plate is set in the interface, and only two unit switching soft pressure plates are put into operation, and the function can be normally used.

[0030] After the required unit number and parameters are set, the function automatically checks that "aF start-up to no-load condition" is met, "bF normal shutdown condition" is met, and start-up and shutdown unit has been set, shutdown and start-up unit has been set, and total active power of two units has been set. After the above condition checking is completed, the monitoring module reports "unit switching: aF start-up and bF shutdown condition is met", and the "aF start-up and bF shutdown condition is met" state indicator in the unit switching function setting interface is lit. The "unit automatic switching process" in the unit switching function setting interface is clicked to start and confirm, and the process starts to execute.

[0031] As Figure 2As shown, step one STEP1, close the aF generator outlet knife switch. The monitoring module orders to close the aF generator outlet knife switch 20a1, and after the completion of this step, the next step ready condition is: (aF generator outlet knife switch 20a1 closed state) & ("aF start-up to grid-connected condition" satisfied).

[0032] Step two STEP2, aF start-up to grid-connected order. The monitoring module issues aF start-up to grid-connected order, and the aF start-up process is started and executed. After the start-up to grid-connected order is issued, the monitoring module reports "entering aF start-up process" and automatically monitors the process execution. After the aF unit is connected to the grid, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal. If the start-up process fails, the process automatically exits. After the completion of this step, the next step ready condition is: (generator outlet switch closed) & (unit active power ≥ 10MW).

[0033] Step three STEP3, set aF active power to 20MW and reactive power to 10MVar. The monitoring module orders to set aF active power to 20MW and reactive power to 10MVar. After the completion of this step, if the cut-in and cut-out unit is aF, the next step ready condition is: (aF unit active power ≥ 15MW) & (aF unit reactive power ≥ 5MVar) & (cut-in and cut-out unit is aF); if the cut-in and cut-out unit is not aF, then after the following conditions are met: (aF unit active power ≥ 15MW) & (aF unit reactive power ≥ 5MVar) & (cut-in and cut-out unit is not aF), jump to STEP5.

[0034] Step four STEP4, put in the xF "allow cut" pressure plate in the AGC picture. The monitoring module orders to put in the xF "allow cut" pressure plate in the AGC picture. After the completion of this step, the next step ready condition is: the xF "allow cut" pressure plate in the AGC picture has been put in.

[0035] Step five STEP5, exit bF single-machine AGC. The monitoring module orders to exit bF single-machine AGC, and after the completion of this step, the next step ready condition is: bF single-machine AGC has been exited.

[0036] STEP 6, aF load increase, bF load decrease operation. The load increase and decrease operation of this step needs to be carried out simultaneously, the total active power of the two units remains unchanged to reduce the impact on the safe operation of the power grid. In the adjustment process, the load of the two units enters the preset range and remains for a certain time to enter the next step of adjustment. If the adjustment is timed out, the process is automatically exited. The monitoring module orders the bF active power adjustment step to decrease by 50 MW, the aF active power adjustment step to increase by 50 MW, and when the unit active power set value dead zone (5 MW) is reached and remains for a certain time (5 s), the next active power adjustment is started immediately. After this step is executed, if the stop and cut unit is bF, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: (bF unit active power ≤ cut unit value) & (stop and cut unit is bF); if the stop and cut unit is not bF, the following conditions are met: (bF unit active power ≤ cut unit value) & (stop and cut unit is not bF), and the process jumps to STEP 8. Dead zone, the giant hydro-generator unit needs to cooperate with the power grid for primary frequency modulation. During the primary frequency modulation process, the unit usually has a load change of 3-4 MW.

[0037] STEP 7, exit AGC picture bF "allow cut" pressure plate. The monitoring module orders to exit the AGC picture bF "allow cut" soft pressure plate, and after this step is executed, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: the AGC picture bF "allow cut" pressure plate has been exited.

[0038] STEP 8, aF load increase, bF load decrease operation. The load increase and decrease operation of this step needs to be carried out simultaneously, the total active power of the two units remains unchanged to reduce the impact on the safe operation of the power grid. In the adjustment process, the load of the two units enters the preset range and remains for a certain time to enter the next step of adjustment. If the adjustment is timed out, the process is automatically exited. The monitoring module orders the bF active power adjustment step to decrease by 50 MW, the aF active power adjustment step to increase by 50 MW, and the load increase and decrease operation is carried out simultaneously, and when the unit active power set value dead zone (5 MW) is reached and remains for a certain time (5 s), the next active power adjustment is started immediately. After this step is executed, if the stop and cut unit is bF, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: the AGC picture bF "allow cut" pressure plate has been exited.

[0039] STEP 9, put in AGC picture aF "allow cut" pressure plate. The monitoring module orders to put in the AGC picture aF "allow cut" pressure plate, and after this step is executed, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: the AGC picture aF "allow cut" pressure plate has been put in.

[0040] As Figure 3The shown, step ten STEP10, aF load increase, bF load reduction operation. This load increase and decrease operation needs to be carried out at the same time, the total active of the two units remains unchanged, in order to reduce the influence on the safe operation of the power grid. In the adjustment process, the load of the two units enters the preset range and remains for a certain time, and then enters the next step of adjustment. If the adjustment process exceeds the time limit, the process will automatically exit. The monitoring module orders the bF active adjustment to reduce the step length by 50MW, and the aF active adjustment to increase the step length by 50MW. The load increase and decrease operations are carried out at the same time. When the unit active set value dead zone (5MW) is reached and maintained for a certain time (5s), the next active adjustment is started immediately. The bF active is adjusted to 20MW in this step. After the completion of this step, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: (bF unit active ≤ 25MW) & (bF unit reactive ≤ 10MVar).

[0041] Step eleven STEP11, exit bF single machine AVC. The monitoring module orders to exit the bF single machine AVC. If the stopped and cut-off unit is not bF, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: (bF single machine AVC exit) & (bF active ≤ 25MW) & (the stopped and cut-off unit is not bF). If the stopped and cut-off unit is bF, the following conditions are met: (bF single machine AVC exit) & (bF active ≤ 25MW) & (the stopped and cut-off unit is bF), and then jump to STEP13.

[0042] Step twelve STEP12, exit AGC screen yF allow cut-off pressure plate. The monitoring module orders to exit the AGC screen yF allow cut-off pressure plate. After the completion of this step, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: the AGC screen yF “allow cut-off” pressure plate has exited.

[0043] Step thirteen STEP13, issue bF shutdown order. The monitoring module issues bF shutdown to full shutdown order. The bF shutdown process is started and executed. After the shutdown order is issued, the monitoring module reports “entering bF shutdown process” and automatically monitors the process execution. After the bF unit generator outlet switch is opened and fully stopped, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signals. If a fault occurs in the shutdown process, the process will automatically exit. After the completion of this step, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: (bF unit GCB is opened) & (stator current ≤ 20A).

[0044] Step fourteen STEP14, pull open 20b1 and put aF single machine AGC. The monitoring module orders to pull open the bF generator outlet knife switch 20b1 and put the aF single machine AGC. After the completion of this step, the judgment condition for the next step is ready: (bF unit generator outlet knife switch 20b1 is opened) & (unit speed ≤ 1%Ne) & (unit technical water supply is shut down) & (aF single machine AGC has been put into operation).

[0045] The unit number of starting and stopping is set, the planned starting unit, the planned stopping unit, the cutting unit and the stopping unit are determined by the operator, and the operator sets and modifies them. When the unit starts, the unit starting process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process is automatically judged whether the unit reaches the target state after starting. Load switching, the process of adjusting the load of the planned starting unit and the planned stopping unit is fully automated, the total load of the two units is set to a fixed value, which reduces the influence on the safe operation of the power grid, and the load adjustment process can be automatically calculated. After the two units reach the target point, the next adjustment can be performed. The unit stops, the unit stopping process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process is automatically judged whether the unit reaches the target state after starting. The process can be manually intervened, that is, the operator can exit the unit switching process at any time.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] Reference Figure 4 For the second embodiment of the application, which is different from the previous embodiment, an automatic unit switching system for a giant hydropower station is provided, comprising a monitoring module, a communication module and a control module.

[0048] The monitoring module monitors the execution of each step in the entire unit switching process, and judges whether the requirements of the switching are met according to the set conditions, and is also responsible for issuing instructions to other systems to control the operation state of the equipment, ensuring the safety and reliability of the switching process.

[0049] The communication module is used for data transmission and information exchange between different systems, connecting the monitoring module and the control module to transmit state information and instructions to each other, ensuring the coordinated operation of the system.

[0050] The control module is used to execute each step in the switching process and ensure the correct operation sequence and timing, receive the instructions sent by the monitoring module and control the operation state of the equipment, such as closing, opening and setting unit parameters.

[0051] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the parts of the technical solutions that essentially contribute to the prior art or the parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0052] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing logic functions, which can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device, such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus or device and execute the instructions, or in conjunction with these instructions execution systems, apparatus or devices. For the purpose of this specification, the "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatus or devices.

[0053] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electrical devices), a portable computer diskette (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, because the program can be electronically obtained, for example, by optical scanning of the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting or otherwise processing, if necessary, in other suitable ways, to be electronically obtained and then stored in the computer memory.

[0054] It should be understood that various aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination of them. In the above embodiments, various steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware that is stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies, known in the art, or their combinations can be used: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), etc.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The third embodiment of the present application, which is different from the first two embodiments, is to verify the technical effects adopted in the present application, to verify the real effects of the present method.

[0057] In the unit switching operation, the operator needs to perform the operations of generator outlet knife switch, technical water supply, single machine AGC switching, single machine AVC switching, pressure plate switching, inter-unit load switching, unit start-up, unit shutdown, etc. The operation process is relatively complicated, and the safety requirement of load switching process is extremely high. The total active power of the switching unit needs to be smooth and stable to reduce the impact on the safe operation of the power grid. At the same time, the operation process consumes a lot of personnel and time, and the problem of personnel allocation is highlighted during the unit maintenance period.

[0058] The present application sets the start-up and shutdown unit number, and the operator determines the planned start-up unit, the planned shutdown unit, the start-up and shutdown unit, and sets and modifies them by the operator. When the unit starts up, the unit start-up process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process automatically judges whether the unit reaches the target state after starting. In the load switching process, the planned start-up unit adjusts the load, and the planned shutdown unit adjusts the load. The total load of the two units is set to a fixed value to reduce the impact on the safe operation of the power grid. During the load adjustment process, automatic calculation can be performed. After the two units reach the target point, the next adjustment can be performed. When the unit shuts down, the unit shutdown process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process automatically judges whether the unit reaches the target state after starting. The process can be manually intervened, i.e. the operator can exit the unit switching process at any time.

[0059] In this embodiment, the unit switching is performed by the traditional method and the present application method at the same time, and the detection and comparison results are shown in the following table:

[0060] Table 1 Comparison of traditional method and present application method

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] From the above comparison results, it can be seen that the time cost of the method is 20 min, which is 20 min less than that of the traditional method, the labor cost of the method is 2 people operating and 1 person monitoring, which is 1 person less than that of the traditional method, the working efficiency of the operating personnel of the method is 91%, which is 35% higher than that of the traditional method, and the method has no influence on the safe operation of the power grid, while during the load transfer of the traditional method, there is a possibility of load fluctuation.

[0064] Through the automatic load transfer method of the giant hydropower unit, the operating personnel time is effectively saved, and during the unit maintenance period, the problem of personnel allocation shortage will not exist any more, and the safe and stable operation level of the equipment is further improved.

[0065] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for automatically switching a giant hydroelectric power station unit, characterized in that: Comprising, According to the demand setting required unit number and parameters; The unit switching function automatically checks aF start to no-load condition, bF normal stop condition, add cutting unit, stop cutting unit and two machines total active; Execute the unit automatic switching process; The setting required unit number and parameters include, the unit switching function setting interface contains, the plan start unit number, the plan stop unit number, the add cutting unit number, the stop cutting unit number, the two machines total active setting function, the operator sets up according to the actual start-stop demand, to avoid misoperation, in the unit switching function setting interface, the single machine unit switching soft pressure plate is set, and only two machine unit switching soft pressure plate is put into, the unit switching function is normally used; The unit switching function automatic check includes, automatically check aF start to no-load condition, bF normal stop condition, and check add cutting unit, stop cutting unit and two machines total active, after checking, the monitoring module reports that the unit switching opens aF, and the stop bF condition is satisfied, and the unit switching function setting interface in the open aF, stop bF condition satisfies the state indicator light, the unit automatic switching process in the unit switching function setting interface is clicked to start and confirm, and the unit automatic switching process is started to be executed; The unit automatic switching process includes, the planned start unit aF generator outlet knife gap is closed, if aF generator outlet knife gap 20a1 is closed state&aF start to grid connection condition is satisfied, then the aF start to grid connection order is carried out; The aF start to grid connection order, the aF start process is started and executed, after the start to grid connection order is issued, the monitoring module reports that the aF start process is entered and automatically monitored, after the aF unit is connected to the grid, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal, if the start process fails, the process is automatically exited, if the step is executed, the generator outlet switch and the unit active state are judged; If the generator outlet switch is closed&aF unit active≥10MW, then aF active is set to 20MW, and aF reactive is set to 10MVar, after execution, aF unit active, aF unit reactive and add cutting unit are judged; If aF unit active≥15MW&aF unit reactive≥5MVar&add cutting unit is aF, then xF allows cutting pressure plate in AGC picture is put into, after execution, bF single machine AGC operation is carried out; If aF unit active≥15MW&aF unit reactive≥5MVar&add cutting unit is not aF, then bF single machine AGC is carried out, if bF single machine AGC has exited, then aF load increase, bF load reduction operation is carried out; aF load increase, bF load reduction operation is carried out, the monitoring module issues bF active regulation reduction step length as 50MW, aF active regulation increase step length as 50MW, reaches the unit active set value dead zone 5MW and keeps a certain time 5s, the two machines total active keeps unchanged, if the adjustment occurs overtime, the process is automatically exited; If the two machine load enters the preset range and keeps a certain time, then bF unit active and stop cutting unit are judged; The judging of the active power of the bF unit and the stop and cut unit comprises: if the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to the cut-off value and the stop and cut unit is not the bF unit, then the aF unit is increased in load and the bF unit is decreased in load; If the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to the cut-off value and the stop and cut unit is not the bF unit, then the aF unit is increased in load and the bF unit is decreased in load, and after the aF unit is increased in load and the bF unit is decreased in load, the active power of the aF unit and the cut-in unit are judged; If the active power of the aF unit is greater than or equal to the cut-off value and the cut-in unit is the aF unit, then the aF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture is put in, and if the aF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture has been put in, then the aF unit is increased in load and the bF unit is decreased in load, and after the aF unit is increased in load and the bF unit is decreased in load, the active power and the reactive power of the bF unit are judged; The judging of the active power and the reactive power of the bF unit comprises: if the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the reactive power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 10 MVar, then the bF single-machine AVC is exited, and the bF single-machine AVC, the active power of the bF unit and the stop and cut unit are judged; If the bF single-machine AVC is exited, the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the stop and cut unit is not the bF unit, then the yF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture is exited, and if the yF cut-in pressure plate in the AGC picture has been exited, then the bF unit is stopped; If the bF single-machine AVC is exited, the active power of the bF unit is less than or equal to 25 MW and the stop and cut unit is the bF unit, then the bF unit is stopped, and after the bF unit is stopped, the GCB of the bF unit and the stator current are judged, if the GCB of the bF unit is opened and the stator current is less than or equal to 20 A, then the 20b1 is pulled, the aF single-machine AGC is put in, if the generator outlet switch 20b1 of the bF unit is opened, the unit speed is less than or equal to 1% Ne, the technical water supply of the unit is stopped and the aF single-machine AGC has been put in, then the unit is stopped; The sending of the bF stop order comprises: the monitoring module sends the bF stop order to the full stop order, the bF stop process is started and executed, after the stop order is sent, the monitoring module reports that the bF stop process is entered and automatically monitors the process execution, after the generator outlet switch of the bF unit is opened and the unit is fully stopped, the monitoring module reports the corresponding signal, if the stop process fails, the process is automatically exited.

2. The method for automatically switching over a large hydroelectric power station unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic switching process further comprises setting the start and stop unit numbers, starting the unit, switching the load, stopping the unit and the process can be manually intervened; The setting of the start and stop unit numbers is determined by the operator, the planned start unit, the planned stop unit, the cut-in unit and the stop and cut unit are set and modified by the operator; The starting of the unit comprises: the unit starting process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process automatically judges whether the unit reaches the target state after being started; The load switching comprises: the planned start unit is increased in load and the planned stop unit is decreased in load, the total load of the two units is set as a fixed value, the influence on the safe operation of the power grid is reduced, the load adjustment process is automatically calculated, and the next adjustment is performed after the two units reach the target point; The stopping of the unit comprises: the unit stopping process is automatically started without human intervention, and the process automatically judges whether the unit reaches the target state after being started; The process can be manually intervened, that is, the operator can exit the unit switching process at any time.

3. A system for automatically switching over a large hydroelectric power station unit using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: It comprises a monitoring module, a communication module and a control module. The monitoring module monitors the execution of each step in the whole unit switching process, judges whether the switching requirements are met according to the set conditions, and is responsible for issuing instructions to other systems to control the operation state of the equipment, ensuring the safety and reliability of the switching process. The communication module is used to realize data transmission and information exchange between different systems, connects the monitoring module and the control module, and transmits state information and instructions to each other, ensuring the coordinated operation of the system. The control module is used to execute each step in the switching process and ensure the correct operation sequence and timing, receive the instructions issued by the monitoring module and control the operation state of the equipment, such as closing, opening and setting unit parameters.

4. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the automatic unit switching method of a giant hydropower station in any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the automatic unit switching method of a giant hydropower station in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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