Microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method

Abstract

The application discloses a microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method, and specifically comprises the following steps: step 1: by analyzing the structural characteristics of the transmitting antenna, extracting the structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system; step 2: determining the heat dissipation index used to describe the transmitting antenna temperature uniformity; step 3: performing the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system optimization modeling; step 4: performing the antenna finite element modeling and analysis, forming the orthogonal test results; step 5: based on the orthogonal test results, judging the primary and secondary factors, and determining the optimal design scheme. The microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method reduces the simulation analysis times in the optimization design process to a great extent through reasonable design, avoids the mathematical sensitivity solution to a certain extent, saves the calculation cost, improves the calculation efficiency, and has certain practical significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid cooling plate heat dissipation technology, specifically relating to a method for optimizing the temperature uniformity of microwave transmitting antennas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, efficient heat dissipation design is crucial for the normal operation of microwave transmitting antennas. However, due to the trends towards high power, high integration, and lightweight design, the pressure on antenna heat dissipation is increasing, and the contradiction between heat dissipation and performance is becoming more prominent. Optimizing the temperature uniformity design of microwave transmitting antennas to ensure good temperature uniformity and achieve high-performance operation is an important component of microwave transmitting antenna design methodology. However, because the heat dissipation system of a transmitting antenna has many structural variables, and there is no explicit relationship between antenna performance and design variables, gradient-based optimization methods cannot be directly applied. Therefore, research on temperature uniformity optimization design methods for microwave transmitting antennas is of significant research importance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision two-dimensional equivalent rapid analysis method for liquid-cooled heat dissipation plates, which solves the problem that gradient-based optimization methods cannot be directly applied to the current stage of microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0005] The method for optimizing the temperature uniformity of microwave transmitting antennas includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: By analyzing the structural characteristics of the transmitting antenna, extract the structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system;

[0007] Step 2: Determine the heat dissipation index used to describe the temperature uniformity of the transmitting antenna;

[0008] Step 3: Perform optimization modeling of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system;

[0009] Step 4: Perform finite element modeling and analysis of the antenna to generate orthogonal experimental results;

[0010] Step 5: Based on the results of the orthogonal experiment, determine the primary and secondary factors and identify the optimal design scheme.

[0011] The invention is further characterized by:

[0012] Step 1 involves an analysis of the structural characteristics of the microwave transmitting antenna, specifically as follows:

[0013] By analyzing the structural characteristics of the transmitting antenna, it can be seen that the entire antenna has a symmetrical structure. Each heat dissipation channel has two fans connected in series. The fan positions are symmetrical about the position of the device in the middle of the channel. The length of the channel gradually shortens from the center to both sides. The heat dissipation pressure in the middle channel is greater than that in the two side channels.

[0014] The structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system include: fan model and installation location, heat sink substrate thickness, rib thickness and rib spacing, and channel cross-sectional dimensions.

[0015] Step 2 is as follows:

[0016] From the average temperature, maximum temperature, and root mean square error of temperature indices, root mean square error of temperature is determined to be the heat dissipation index for uniform temperature distribution.

[0017] Step 3 specifically involves:

[0018] Step 3.1: Determine the design variables for the temperature uniformity of the antenna heat dissipation system;

[0019] Step 3.2: Define the evaluation indicators;

[0020] To ensure the temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation system during the optimization design process, a uniformity heat dissipation index, namely the root mean square error of temperature, is used as the evaluation index for the optimization model. Its calculation expression is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where m is the number of temperature measurements, T i chip For each temperature measurement, The average temperature at the measurement point;

[0023] Step 3.3: Formulation of the orthogonal experimental table;

[0024] Using the fan's position X within the heat dissipation channel as the design variable for temperature uniformity, and employing the uniformity of heat dissipation index as the evaluation metric for the optimization model, an orthogonal experimental table is formed; the specific steps include:

[0025] By determining the total number of fans N and the number of alternative placement options M for each fan;

[0026] Using N as the factor and M as the number of levels, we search for an orthogonal experimental table L from the standard orthogonal array that does not consider the interaction of factors and contains at least N factors and M levels. C (M N ), where C represents the total number of trials, M represents the number of levels, and N represents the number of factors;

[0027] Using the orthogonal experimental table L found above C (MN An orthogonal experimental design was developed with fan position as the design variable and uniform heat dissipation index as the optimization objective, ensuring that the experiments are balanced, dispersed, and comprehensively comparable.

[0028] In step 3.1, the determination of design variables for the temperature uniformity of the antenna heat dissipation system is based on two preconditions:

[0029] Fan selection: Fan selection can be performed using Φ=Q·ρ·Cp·ΔT1, where Φ is the heat generated by the system per unit time, Q is the air volume of the fan, ρ is the air density, Cp is the specific heat capacity of the air, and ΔT1 is the allowable air temperature rise.

[0030] Heat dissipation fin design: Based on the fan selection, the heat sink structure is designed according to Φ=hAΔT2 to ensure that the heat dissipation system has sufficient heat dissipation area, where Φ is the heat generated by the system per unit time, h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat dissipation surface area, A is the total heat dissipation area of ​​the system, and ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the fins and the air.

[0031] Based on the above two premises, the position X of the fan in the heat dissipation channel is taken as the design variable for temperature uniformity, where X = [(x1,y1),(x2,y2),...(x... n ,y n )] T , (x n ,y n ) indicates the position of fan n in the cooling system.

[0032] Step 4 is as follows:

[0033] Finite element modeling of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system is performed in finite element analysis software, and boundary conditions for heat dissipation analysis are set, specifically including setting the ambient temperature T. ambient The heat dissipation power q of each heat source in the cooling system, as well as the characteristic curves of fan speed v and air pressure p;

[0034] The fluid flow state within the heat dissipation system is determined based on the Reynolds number Re = ρUL / μ, where ρ is the air density, U is the average inlet air velocity, L is the characteristic dimension of the channel cross-section, and μ is the aerodynamic viscosity. When the Reynolds number is less than 2300, the fluid flow state is laminar, and the zero equation is selected as the governing equation for heat dissipation analysis. When the Reynolds number is greater than 2300, the fluid flow state is turbulent, and the RNG turbulence model is selected as the governing equation for heat dissipation analysis.

[0035] The system heat dissipation performance was analyzed according to the orthogonal experimental design for different fan positions, and the analysis results were compiled to form the orthogonal experimental design results.

[0036] Step 5 specifically involves:

[0037] The results of the orthogonal experimental design are analyzed, and the range analysis method is selected to determine the degree of influence of the factors affecting the experiment. During the analysis of the test results, each test index can be analyzed individually, followed by a comprehensive evaluation to determine the optimal test conditions; alternatively, a weighted method can be used to comprehensively analyze multiple indicators, transforming them into a comprehensive single indicator before further analysis. Specific steps include:

[0038] Calculate the root mean square error (RMS) of temperature for each experiment at different levels and for different fan positions in each channel. T And calculate the range R. j Range R j The calculation formula is:

[0039]

[0040] in, RMS represents the average root mean square error of antenna temperature at factor j level i, where i represents different levels, j represents different factors, ni represents the number of experiments performed at level i, and RMS is the mean value of the factor. T i,j R represents the root mean square error of antenna temperature when factor j is at level i. j The larger the value, the greater the influence of that factor;

[0041] Draw the close relationship between each factor and the evaluation index;

[0042] The order of influence of different fan positions on the root mean square error of temperature in each channel is determined based on the magnitude of the range.

[0043] Initially select optimization conditions, and determine the combination of optimization levels for each factor based on the average value of different levels corresponding to the evaluation indicators;

[0044] The optimal conditions are determined using the comprehensive balance method, which involves comprehensively judging and determining the best experimental conditions based on the order of influence of factors.

[0045] The simulation analysis model was modified according to the optimal combination of fan positions selected by the orthogonal experimental method. An additional experiment was conducted, and the simulation results were obtained. The data were recorded and the corresponding parameters were calculated to verify that the fan combination selected by the orthogonal experimental method can effectively improve the temperature uniformity of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The liquid-cooled microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method is based on a non-gradient algorithm, thus eliminating the need for mathematical sensitivity derivation and improving computational efficiency. Secondly, this method employs orthogonal experimental tables, significantly reducing the number of cases requiring analysis through orthogonal experimental design. This method can quickly obtain an optimized design scheme for transmitting antenna temperature uniformity within limited time and computational resources. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the microwave transmitting antenna structure in an embodiment of the microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fan position of the microwave transmitting antenna in an embodiment of the microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This relates to the tightening relationship between fan position and root mean square error of temperature in the microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a temperature cloud map showing the experimental simulation results of the microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The method for optimizing the temperature uniformity of microwave transmitting antennas according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) Extraction of transmitting antenna structural parameters;

[0055] Example 1, as one example, such as Figure 2As shown in Table 3, the overall dimensions of the transmitting antenna are 1380mm × 1380mm × 280mm, and 177 radiating elements are mounted on the antenna panel. There are a total of 15 module mounting plates, divided into four categories, with dimensions of 1350mm × 125mm × 6mm, 1190mm × 125mm × 6mm, 1030mm × 125mm × 6mm, and 870mm × 125mm × 6mm respectively. The power amplifier module measures 95mm × 42mm × 12mm, and the power supply module measures 70mm × 35mm × 30mm. Analysis of the transmitting antenna's structural characteristics reveals a symmetrical structure. Each heat dissipation channel has two fans connected in series, with the fan positions symmetrical about the central component of the channel. Due to the varying lengths of the module mounting plates, the lengths of the heat dissipation channels differ, with the longest channel reaching 1350mm and the shortest only 870mm. The channel length gradually decreases from the center outwards, with the central channel experiencing greater heat dissipation pressure than the outer channels. The main structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system are: fan model and installation position, heat sink substrate thickness of 3mm, rib thickness of 2mm and rib spacing of 8mm, and channel cross-sectional dimensions of 80mm×80mm.

[0056] Table 3. Array antenna structural parameters (unit: mm)

[0057]

[0058] 2) Determination of uniform heat dissipation indicators;

[0059] To clarify the heat dissipation index of antenna temperature distribution uniformity, the root mean square error of temperature was determined as the heat dissipation index among the indicators such as average temperature, maximum temperature, and root mean square error of temperature.

[0060] 3) Establishment of an optimization model for the heat dissipation system;

[0061] 3.1) Determine the design variables;

[0062] The determination of design variables for the temperature uniformity of the antenna heat dissipation system is based on two preconditions:

[0063] 1. Fan Selection: The total heat output of the system per unit time is 3173.9W, the allowable air temperature rise is 15℃, and the physical properties of air at 30℃ are: air density ρ is 1.165kg / m³. 3The specific heat capacity of air, Cp, is 1005 J / (kg·℃), the thermal conductivity of air, k, is 2.67 × W / (m·℃), and the dynamic viscosity of air, μ, is 1.90 × 10⁻⁵ kg / (m·s). Fan selection is based on Φ = Q·ρ·Cp·ΔT1, where Φ is the system's heat output per unit time, Q is the fan's airflow, ρ is the air density, Cp is the specific heat capacity of air, and ΔT1 is the allowable air temperature rise. The selected fan model is Delta's PFB0512EHF, with dimensions of 50 mm × 50 mm × 32 mm and an airflow of 0.894 m³ / min, meeting the requirements.

[0064] 2. Heatsink Fin Design: Based on the fan selection, the heatsink structure is designed according to Φ = hAΔT2 to ensure sufficient heat dissipation area of ​​the cooling system, where Φ is the heat generated by the system per unit time, h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat dissipation surface area, A is the total heat dissipation area of ​​the system, and ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the fins and the air. In this case, the heatsink base plate thickness is 3mm, the fin thickness is 2mm, and the fin spacing is 8mm.

[0065] Based on the above two premises, the position X of the fan in the heat dissipation channel is taken as the design variable for temperature uniformity, where X = [(x1,y1),(x2,y2),...(x n ,y n )] T , (x n ,y n ) indicates the position of fan n in the cooling system, such as Figure 3 As shown.

[0066] 3.2) The evaluation indicators are clearly defined;

[0067] To ensure the temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation system during the optimization design process, a uniformity heat dissipation index, namely the root mean square error of temperature, is used as the evaluation index for the optimization model. Its calculation expression is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Where m is the number of temperature measurements, T i chip For each temperature measurement, This represents the average temperature at the measurement point.

[0070] 3.3) Formation of orthogonal experimental tables;

[0071] Example 2, as shown in Table 4, analyzes a quarter of the structure based on the symmetrical structure of the transmitting antenna. The position X of the fan in the heat dissipation channel is used as the design variable for temperature uniformity. The uniformity of heat dissipation is used as the evaluation index for the optimization model, forming an orthogonal experimental table. Specific steps include:

[0072] The number of factors N and the number of levels M in the orthogonal experimental table are obtained by determining the total number of fans and the number of alternative locations for each fan. Generally, M ≥ 2.

[0073] Since each fan is located in a different heat dissipation channel, the mutual influence between different fan positions is not considered. Using the total number of fans (8) as the number of factors N, and the number of alternative fan positions (3) as the number of levels M, an orthogonal experimental table L is sought from the standard orthogonal array that does not consider factor cross-effects and contains at least N factors and M levels. C (M N ), where C=18 represents the total number of trials, M=3, M≥2 represents the number of levels, and N=8 represents the number of factors.

[0074] Using the orthogonal array found above, we conducted an experimental design with fan position as the design variable and uniform heat dissipation index as the optimization objective, ensuring that the experiment is balanced, dispersed, and comprehensively comparable.

[0075] Table 4 Orthogonal Array L 18 (3 8 )

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] 4) Finite element modeling and analysis of antennas;

[0079] Finite element modeling of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system is performed in finite element analysis software, and boundary conditions for heat dissipation analysis are set, specifically including setting the ambient temperature T. ambient The heat dissipation power q of each heat source in the cooling system, as well as the characteristic curves of the fan speed v and air pressure p (these characteristic curves can be obtained from the database of the fan manufacturer's official website).

[0080] The fluid flow state within the heat dissipation system is determined using the Reynolds number Re = ρUL / μ, where ρ is the air density, U is the average inlet air velocity, L is the characteristic dimension of the channel cross-section, and μ is the aerodynamic viscosity. When the Reynolds number is less than 2300, the fluid flow is laminar, and the zero equation is selected as the governing equation for heat dissipation analysis. When the Reynolds number is greater than 2300, the fluid flow is turbulent, and the RNG turbulence model is selected as the governing equation for heat dissipation analysis. In this case, the Reynolds number Re = 56840, the fluid flow is turbulent, and the RNG turbulence model is chosen for heat dissipation analysis.

[0081] The system heat dissipation performance was analyzed according to the orthogonal experimental design for different fan positions, and the analysis results were compiled to form the orthogonal experimental design results.

[0082] Table 5 Detailed Plan

[0083]

[0084] 5) Determining the primary and secondary factors affecting antenna heat dissipation;

[0085] Example 3: The results of the orthogonal experimental design were analyzed, and the range analysis method was selected to determine the degree of influence of the factors affecting the experiment. During the analysis of the test results, each test index can be analyzed individually, followed by a comprehensive evaluation to determine the optimal test conditions; alternatively, a weighted method can be used to comprehensively analyze multiple indicators, transforming them into a comprehensive single indicator before further analysis. Specific steps include:

[0086] (1) Calculate the root mean square error (RMS) of temperature obtained from each experiment at different levels for different fan positions in each channel. T And calculate the range R. j Range R j The calculation formula is:

[0087]

[0088] in, This represents the average root mean square error of antenna temperature when factor j is at level i, where i represents different levels, j represents different factors, and n i RMS represents the number of trials performed at the i-th level. T i,j R represents the root mean square error of antenna temperature when factor j is at level i. j The larger the value, the greater the influence of that factor.

[0089] Table 6. Factors with Excellent and Positive Levels and Ranges Corresponding to Temperature Root Mean Square Error

[0090]

[0091] (2) Draw the close relationship between each factor and the evaluation index, such as Figure 4 As shown.

[0092] (3) Determine the order of importance of the influence of different fan positions on the root mean square error of temperature based on the magnitude of the range:

[0093] The order of importance of the test indicators;

[0094] Temperature standard deviation: G>F>H>E>A>D>C>B;

[0095] (4) Preliminary selection of optimization conditions. Determine the combination of optimization levels for each factor based on the average value of different levels corresponding to the evaluation index.

[0096] Optimal combination of test indicators;

[0097] Temperature standard deviation: A1B2C1D3E3F2G2H2;

[0098] (5) Use the comprehensive balance method to determine the optimal conditions, that is, based on the order of the influence of factors, comprehensively judge and determine the best experimental conditions:

[0099] For factor A, its effect on the maximum temperature difference is greater than its effect on the temperature standard deviation, and both the maximum temperature and the temperature standard deviation are optimal at A1, so A1 is chosen.

[0100] For factor B, its effect on the maximum temperature is greater than its effect on the temperature standard deviation, therefore B is taken as B1.

[0101] For factor C, its influence on the maximum temperature ranks sixth; its influence on the temperature standard deviation ranks seventh, so C2 is the best choice.

[0102] For factor D, its influence on the temperature standard deviation ranks sixth, and its influence on the maximum temperature ranks eighth. Therefore, it is better to choose D3.

[0103] For factor E, its influence on the standard deviation of temperature ranks fourth, and its influence on the maximum temperature ranks seventh. Therefore, E3 is the best choice.

[0104] For factor F, its influence on the temperature standard deviation ranks second, and its influence on the maximum temperature also ranks second. Therefore, F can be either F2 or F3. However, when F2 is chosen, the maximum temperature increases by 1.13% compared to F3, while the temperature standard deviation decreases by 0.80%. Considering all factors, F2 is the better choice.

[0105] For factor G, its influence on the temperature standard deviation is the largest, and its influence on the maximum temperature is also the largest. Therefore, G can be either G2 or G3. However, when G2 is chosen, the maximum temperature increases by 1.12% compared to G3, while the temperature standard deviation decreases by 2.10%. Considering all factors, G3 is the better choice.

[0106] For factor H, its influence on the temperature standard deviation ranks third, and its influence on the maximum temperature also ranks third. Therefore, H can be either H2 or H3. However, when H2 is chosen, the maximum temperature increases by 0.75% compared to H3, while the temperature standard deviation decreases by 0.66%. Considering all factors, H2 is selected. Therefore, the optimal combination for this experiment is selected by the comprehensive balance method as A1B1C2D3E3F2G3H2.

[0107] (6) In analyzing the results of the fan position optimization, a combination of range analysis and comprehensive balance method was selected. Using these two methods, the optimal combination for this experiment was chosen as A1B1C2D3E3F2G3H2. Specifically, fan A is positioned 520mm from the initial point, fan B is 360mm from the initial point, fan C is 450mm from the initial point, fan D is 620mm from the initial point, fan E is 615mm from the initial point, fan F is 355mm from the initial point, fan G is 605mm from the initial point, and fan H is 340mm from the initial point. It can be seen that this optimal combination is not included in the 18 experiments and requires additional experiments for verification. The temperature cloud map of the simulation results is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the results indicate that the highest chip temperature was 86.3139℃. Compared with the results of the previous 18 tests, the standard deviation of the chip temperature obtained in this additional test was the smallest, which means that the temperature uniformity of the entire heat dissipation system was also the best.

[0108] The present invention provides a microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method. Through reasonable design, it significantly reduces the number of simulation analyses in the optimization design process and avoids mathematical sensitivity calculations to a certain extent, saving computational costs and improving computational efficiency, thus having certain practical significance.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the temperature uniformity of microwave transmitting antennas, characterized in that, Specifically, the steps include the following: Step 1: By analyzing the structural characteristics of the transmitting antenna, extract the structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system; Step 2: Determine the heat dissipation index used to describe the temperature uniformity of the transmitting antenna; Step 3: Perform optimization modeling of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system; Step 3 specifically involves: Step 3.1: Determine the design variables for the temperature uniformity of the antenna heat dissipation system; In step 3.1, the determination of design variables for the temperature uniformity of the antenna heat dissipation system is based on two preconditions: Fan selection: [Can be adopted] When selecting a fan, among other things... This represents the heat generated by the system per unit time. This refers to the airflow of the fan. air density, The specific heat capacity of air, For the permissible air temperature rise; Heatsink fin design: Based on fan selection, according to The radiator structure design ensures that the heat dissipation system has sufficient heat dissipation area, among which This represents the heat generated by the system per unit time. The convective heat transfer coefficient is the heat transfer surface area. The total heat dissipation area of ​​the system. This refers to the temperature difference between the ribs and the air. Based on the above two prerequisites, the position of the fan in the heat dissipation channel As a design variable for temperature uniformity, among which , Indicates the position of fan n in the cooling system; Step 3.2: Define the evaluation indicators; To ensure the temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation system during the optimization design process, a uniformity heat dissipation index, namely the root mean square error of temperature, is used as the evaluation index for the optimization model. Its calculation expression is as follows: （3）； in, m To determine the number of temperature measurements, For each temperature measurement, The average temperature at the measurement point; Step 3.3: Formulation of the orthogonal experimental table; Based on the fan's position in the heat dissipation channel As a design variable for temperature uniformity, the heat dissipation index of temperature uniformity is used as the evaluation index of the optimization model, forming an orthogonal experimental table; the specific steps include: By determining the total number of fans N and the number of alternative placement options M for each fan; Using N as the factor and M as the number of levels, we search for an orthogonal experimental table from the standard orthogonal array that does not consider the interaction of factors and includes at least N factors and M levels. Where C represents the total number of trials, M represents the number of levels, and N represents the number of factors; Using the orthogonal experimental table found above An orthogonal experimental design was developed with fan position as the design variable and uniform heat dissipation index as the optimization objective, ensuring that the experiments are balanced, dispersed, and comprehensively comparable. Step 4: Perform finite element modeling and analysis of the antenna to generate orthogonal experimental results; Step 4 is as follows: Finite element modeling of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system is performed in finite element analysis software, and boundary conditions for heat dissipation analysis are set, specifically including setting the ambient temperature T. ambient The heat dissipation power q of each heat source in the cooling system, as well as the characteristic curves of fan speed v and air pressure p; According to Reynolds number Determine the fluid flow state within the heat dissipation system, among which air density, The average inlet air velocity. For the characteristic dimensions of the channel cross section, The fluid viscosity is given by: ... The system heat dissipation performance at different fan positions was analyzed according to the orthogonal experimental design, and the analysis results were compiled to form the orthogonal experimental design results. Step 5: Based on the results of the orthogonal experiment, determine the primary and secondary factors and identify the optimal design scheme.

2. The microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 involves an analysis of the structural characteristics of the microwave transmitting antenna, specifically as follows: By analyzing the structural characteristics of the transmitting antenna, it can be seen that the entire antenna has a symmetrical structure. Each heat dissipation channel has two fans connected in series. The fan positions are symmetrical about the position of the device in the middle of the channel. The length of the channel gradually shortens from the center to both sides. The heat dissipation pressure in the middle channel is greater than that in the two side channels. The structural parameters of the antenna heat dissipation system include: fan model and installation location, heat sink substrate thickness, rib thickness and rib spacing, and channel cross-sectional dimensions.

3. The microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2 is as follows: From the average temperature, maximum temperature, and root mean square error of temperature indices, root mean square error of temperature is determined to be the heat dissipation index for uniform temperature distribution.

4. The microwave transmitting antenna temperature uniformity optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 5 specifically involves: The results of the orthogonal experimental design are analyzed, and the range analysis method is selected to determine the degree of influence of the factors affecting the experiment. In the process of analyzing the test results, each test index can be analyzed one by one, and then a comprehensive evaluation is made to obtain the optimal test conditions. Alternatively, a weighted approach can be used to comprehensively analyze multiple indicators, transforming them into a single comprehensive indicator before further analysis; specific steps include: Calculate the root mean square error of temperature for each experiment at different levels for different fan positions in each channel. And calculate the range R. j Range R j The calculation formula is: （4）； in, Indicator Factors j Level is i The average root mean square error of antenna temperature at that time i Indicates different levels, j Indicates different factors, Indicates the first i The number of trials performed at the horizontal level. Indicator Factors j Level is i The root mean square error of antenna temperature at that time, R j The larger the value, the greater the influence of that factor; Draw the close relationship between each factor and the evaluation index; The order of influence of different fan positions on the root mean square error of temperature in each channel is determined based on the magnitude of the range. Initially select optimization conditions, and determine the combination of optimization levels for each factor based on the average value of different levels corresponding to the evaluation indicators; The optimal conditions are determined using the comprehensive balance method, which means that the best experimental conditions are determined by comprehensively judging and determining the order of influence of factors. The simulation analysis model was modified according to the optimal combination of fan positions selected by the orthogonal experimental method. An additional experiment was conducted, and the simulation results were obtained. The data were recorded and the corresponding parameters were calculated to verify that the fan combination selected by the orthogonal experimental method can effectively improve the temperature uniformity of the transmitting antenna heat dissipation system.

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