Straw pulverizing and returning machine

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of straw returning equipment, specifically relating to a straw crushing and returning machine, including a top plate with a suspension system on it, and side plates fixed to both sides of the top plate; a movable cover plate is rotatably connected to the top plate, and a special-shaped channel steel is rotatably connected to the movable cover plate, with an adjustment structure that cooperates with the special-shaped channel steel; a bracket is fixed to each pair of side plates, and a roller is rotatably connected to the bracket; a mounting groove is provided on each pair of side plates, and a shaft tube assembly is mounted on the mounting groove, with crushing blades evenly distributed on the shaft tube assembly; front blades are evenly distributed on the end of the top plate away from the movable cover plate, and rear blades are evenly distributed on the movable cover plate; this invention effectively solves the problems of inconvenient shaft tube maintenance and disassembly and poor straw crushing and returning effect in existing straw crushing and returning machines.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of straw returning to field equipment, and particularly relates to a straw smashing and returning to field machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw returning to field can promote the increase of the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, coordinate the contradiction of proportion imbalance, improve the soil water storage capacity, effectively increase the content of soil organic matter, improve the soil, accelerate the maturation of raw soil and improve the soil fertility. When the straw is returned to field, a straw smashing and returning to field machine is needed to smash the straw for returning to field.

[0003] For example, the utility model with the authorized announcement number CN207692448U discloses a straw smashing and returning to field machine, which comprises a rack, the rack comprises an arched top plate, a left side plate and a right side plate, a suspension and a gear box are fixed on the top plate, a protection pipe is arranged at the right side of the gear box, the right end of the protection pipe is fixedly connected with the right side plate, a transmission shaft is arranged in the protection pipe, the left end of the transmission shaft is connected with the gear box, the right end of the transmission shaft is connected with the right side plate through a bearing structure, the right end of the transmission shaft and outside the right side plate are fixedly connected with a transmission belt disc, the straw smashing and returning to field machine further comprises a cutting assembly, the cutting assembly comprises a roller, the left and right ends of the roller are connected with the left side plate and the right side plate through bearing structures, a plurality of knife seats are fixed on the roller, a plurality of flail assemblies are hingedly connected with the knife seats, an energy storage flail disc is fixed to the left end of the roller and outside the left side plate, and a cutting belt disc matched with the transmission belt disc is fixed to the right end of the roller and outside the right side plate. The straw smashing and returning to field machine has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, stable operation and good smashing effect.

[0004] The above-mentioned utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, stable operation and good smashing effect when in use, but the following technical problems still exist when in specific use: 1. The shaft pipe is inconvenient to disassemble and maintain. The shaft pipe is directly fixed with the side plate through the bearing seat, so that the shaft pipe is more troublesome to disassemble and maintain when in long-term use, the side plate and the bearing seat need to be disassembled, and then the shaft pipe can be disassembled, which greatly affects the progress of shaft pipe maintenance and replacement.

[0005] 2. The compacting effect of the smashed straw is poor. After the straw is smashed, the roller is usually used to compact the straw to improve the effect of straw returning to field. However, when in specific use, the smashed straw is easy to rise after coming out of the smashing knife, and the compacting effect of the roller is reduced, which affects the effect of straw returning to field.

[0006] 3. The straw and soil are easy to stick to the smashing knife. The smashing knife generally comprises straight blades and bent blades. When in specific use, the straw and soil are easy to be stuck between the straight blades and the bent blades, which affects the smashing effect of the straw by the smashing knife and reduces the effect of straw returning to field. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a straw smashing and returning machine, which effectively solves the problems of inconvenient maintenance and disassembly of the shaft tube and poor straw smashing and returning effect of the existing straw smashing and returning machine.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a straw smashing and returning machine, comprising a top plate, a suspension being arranged on the top plate, side plates being fixedly connected to both sides of the top plate; a movable cover plate being rotatably connected to the top plate, a special-shaped channel steel being rotatably connected to the movable cover plate, an adjusting structure being arranged on the movable cover plate and matched with the special-shaped channel steel; a support being fixedly connected to each of the side plates, a roller being rotatably connected to the support; an installation groove being arranged on each of the side plates, a shaft tube assembly being installed on the installation groove, smashing knives being uniformly arranged on the shaft tube assembly; front blades being uniformly arranged on the end of the top plate away from the movable cover plate, and rear blades being uniformly arranged on the movable cover plate.

[0009] Further, a plurality of soil retaining plates are rotatably connected to the end of the top plate away from the movable cover plate, and the plurality of soil retaining plates are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the top plate; a gear box is arranged on the top plate, and a driving pulley is connected to the output end of the gear box; a driven pulley is fixedly connected to the shaft tube assembly and arranged on the side plate, a belt matched with the driven pulley is arranged on the driving pulley, and a transmission cavity matched with the driving pulley and the driven pulley is fixedly connected to the side plate.

[0010] Further, an L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the side plate, and a tension pulley matched with the belt is rotatably connected to the L-shaped plate; a support plate is fixedly connected to the side plate, a pull rod is arranged through the support plate, and the pull rod is rotatably connected to the end of the L-shaped plate away from the tension pulley; a top spring corresponding to the support plate is sleeved on the pull rod, and an adjusting nut matched with the top spring is screwed on the pull rod.

[0011] Further, the adjusting structure comprises a plurality of pressing plates fixedly connected to the movable cover plate, and a connecting groove is arranged on each of the pressing plates; a pulling wire rod matched with the connecting groove is rotatably connected to the special-shaped channel steel, and a pulling nut is screwed on the pulling wire rod.

[0012] Further, the shaft tube assembly comprises a shaft tube, long shafts and short shafts being fixedly connected to both ends of the shaft tube respectively, and the long shafts are fixedly connected to the driven pulley; a bearing seat corresponding to the installation groove is detachably connected to each of the side plates, and bearings matched with the long shafts and the short shafts are arranged in the bearing seat; a fixed plate corresponding to the installation groove is detachably connected to the bearing seat, and a reinforcing plate detachably connected to the side plate is detachably connected to the fixed plate.

[0013] Further, the smashing knife comprises a support fixedly connected to the shaft tube, and a straight blade is rotatably connected to the support; a curved blade is arranged on both sides of the straight blade, and a pair of the curved blades are rotatably connected to the support.

[0014] Further, the transmission cavity is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, the fixed disc is fixedly connected with a fixed shaft penetrating the long shaft, the fixed shaft is connected with a sun gear, the inner wall of the shaft tube is fixedly connected with a drive gear ring corresponding to the sun gear, the shaft tube is rotatably connected with a spline shaft, the spline shaft is provided with a plurality of vibration structures, the spline shaft is fixedly connected with a planet carrier, and the planet carrier is rotatably connected with a plurality of planet gears meshing with the sun gear and the drive gear ring.

[0015] Further, the vibration structure comprises a pair of differential gear rings, the pair of differential gear rings are fixedly connected with a connecting barrel detachably connected with the shaft tube, the spline shaft is provided with a pair of rotating plates matched with the differential gear rings, the pair of rotating plates are rotatably connected with a plurality of differential gears, the plurality of differential gears are connected with a vibration assembly, the pair of rotating plates are fixedly connected with an outer barrel, and the pair of rotating plates are further fixedly connected with an inner barrel mounted on the spline shaft.

[0016] Further, the vibration assembly comprises a pair of driving rods fixedly connected with the differential gears in a coaxial manner, the driving rods are coaxially rotatably connected with a crank, the crank is provided with a driving shaft matched with the driving rods, the inner barrel is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a guide plate, the guide plate is slidably connected with a guide frame, the guide frame is fixedly connected with a vibration head, the guide frame is fixedly connected with a pair of lifting blocks, the pair of lifting blocks are provided with lifting grooves, and the pair of cranks are provided with lifting shafts matched with the lifting grooves.

[0017] Further, the shaft tube is uniformly provided with a plurality of support plates detachably connected, the plurality of support plates are arranged between adjacent vibration structures, and support barrels matched with the shaft tube are fixedly connected to the two sides of the support plates.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] 1、The present application can effectively avoid the updraft of the straw through the adjustment of the angle between the special-shaped channel steel and the movable cover plate, and the vertical distance between the special-shaped channel steel and the roller, so that the roller can fully compact the straw, and the effect of straw returning to the field can be effectively improved.

[0020] 2. The application is used, through the installation groove, fixed plate, reinforcing plate, bearing seat cooperation, the shaft tube, long shaft, short shaft, driven pulley can be directly installed in a pair of side plate through the installation groove; in addition, when the application needs to repair and replace the shaft tube, only need to remove the reinforcing plate, bearing seat, fixed plate on the bolt, the shaft tube, long shaft, short shaft, driven pulley can be directly removed, so as to disassemble and replace the shaft tube, improve the convenience of the application.

[0021] 3. The application is used, through the setting of the fixed shaft, the drive gear ring, the sun gear and the planet wheel, the same direction differential rotation is realized between the spline shaft and the shaft tube; in addition, through the setting of the differential gear ring, the differential gear, the rotating plate, the driving rod, the crank and the vibration head, the vibration head moves with the spline shaft at the same time, and the inner wall of the shaft tube is intermittently knocked, so that the shaft tube, the straight blade and the curved blade vibrate, the straw and the soil stuck between the straight blade and the curved blade can be effectively removed, the crushing effect of the straw by the crushing knife is improved, and the effect of straw returning to the field is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the first axonometric drawing of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the second axonometric drawing of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the enlarged schematic view of the A area in the application; Figure 2

[0025] Figure 4 It is the third axonometric drawing of the application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the enlarged schematic view of the B area in the application; Figure 4

[0027] It is the internal structure schematic view of the transmission cavity in the application; Figure 6

[0028] It is the internal structure schematic view of the shaft tube in the application; Figure 7

[0029] It is the cooperation state schematic view of the drive gear ring, the planet wheel, the sun gear, the fixed shaft, the differential gear ring, the vibration structure, the support plate, the support cylinder and other structures in the application; Figure 8

[0030] It is the cross-sectional view of the cooperation state of the differential gear ring, the differential gear, the vibration structure and other structures in the application; Figure 9

[0031] It is the structure schematic view of the vibration assembly in the application; Figure 10 ​​

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Retaining plate, 2. Gearbox, 3. Transmission chamber, 4. Suspension, 5. Top plate, 6. Movable cover plate, 7. Irregular channel steel, 8. Roller, 9. Pressure plate, 10. Pulling screw, 11. Rear blade, 12. Shaft tube, 13. Curved blade, 14. Front blade, 15. Fixing hole, 16. Side plate, 17. Fixing plate, 18. Reinforcing plate, 19. Straight blade, 20. Driving pulley, 21. Driven pulley, 22. Fixed disc, 23. Top spring, 24. Support plate, 25. Tie rod, 26. L-shaped plate, 27. Tensioning wheel, 2 8. Fixed shaft; 29. ​​Long shaft; 30. Drive gear ring; 31. Vibration structure; 32. Support cylinder; 33. Splined shaft; 34. Sun gear; 35. Planet gear; 36. Connecting cylinder; 37. Differential gear ring; 38. Differential gear; 39. Outer cylinder; 40. Connecting hole; 41. Support plate; 42. Rotating plate; 43. Inner cylinder; 44. Slide rod; 45. Slide cylinder; 46. Return spring; 47. Crank; 48. Vibration head; 49. Drive rod; 50. Drive shaft; 51. Lifting block; 52. Guide plate; 53. Guide frame. Detailed Implementation

[0033] A straw crushing and returning machine, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, the device includes a top plate 5, a suspension 4 on the top plate 5, and side plates 16 fixedly connected to both sides of the top plate 5; a movable cover plate 6 is rotatably connected to the top plate 5, and a limiting plate that cooperates with the movable cover plate 6 is provided on the top plate 5; a special-shaped channel steel 7 is rotatably connected to the movable cover plate 6, and an adjustment structure that cooperates with the special-shaped channel steel 7 is provided on the movable cover plate 6; a bracket is fixedly connected to each pair of side plates 16, and a roller 8 is rotatably connected to the bracket; each pair of side plates 16 is provided with a mounting groove, and a shaft tube 12 assembly is installed in the mounting groove, with crushing blades evenly distributed on the shaft tube 12 assembly; front blades 14 are evenly distributed at the end of the top plate 5 away from the movable cover plate 6, and rear blades 11 are evenly distributed on the movable cover plate 6.

[0034] In use, this invention uses the crushing blades on the shaft tube 12 assembly to crush straw. During the crushing process, the straw is shielded by the movable cover plate 6 to prevent it from rising. By adjusting the angle between the shaped channel steel 7 and the movable cover plate 6, the vertical distance between the shaped channel steel 7 and the roller 8 can be adjusted, effectively preventing the rising straw from flowing out between the shaped channel steel 7 and the roller 8, allowing the roller 8 to fully compact the straw and effectively improve the straw return to the field. In addition, the front blade 14 on the top plate 5 and the rear blade 11 on the movable cover plate 6 can effectively improve the straw crushing effect. The mounting slot allows the shaft tube 12 assembly to be directly installed on a pair of side plates 16, making it easy to disassemble the shaft tube 12 assembly when repairing or replacing it, thus improving the convenience of this invention.

[0035] Further, the top plate 5 is further rotationally connected with a plurality of soil retaining plates 1 away from one end of the movable cover plate 6, the plurality of soil retaining plates 1 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the top plate 5; the top plate 5 is provided with a gear box 2, the output end of the gear box 2 is connected with a driving pulley 20; the side plate 16 is further provided with a driven pulley 21 fixedly connected with the shaft tube 12 assembly, the driving pulley 20 is provided with a belt matched with the driven pulley 21, the side plate 16 is fixedly connected with a transmission cavity 3 matched with the driving pulley 20 and the driven pulley 21; the gear box 2 is connected with a tractor, the gear box 2 is driven to rotate by the tractor, the driving pulley 20 is driven to rotate by the gear box 2, the driving pulley 20 drives the driven pulley 21 to rotate through the belt, the driven pulley 21 drives the shaft tube 12 assembly to rotate, and then drives the crushing knife to crush the straw.

[0036] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 The side plate 16 is rotationally connected with an L-shaped plate 26, the L-shaped plate 26 is rotationally connected with a tension pulley 27 matched with the belt; the side plate 16 is fixedly connected with a support plate 24, the support plate 24 is provided with a pull rod 25, the pull rod 25 is rotationally connected with one end of the L-shaped plate 26 away from the tension pulley 27; the pull rod 25 is sleeved with a top spring 23 corresponding to the support plate 24, and the pull rod 25 is screwed with an adjusting nut matched with the top spring 23.

[0037] The tension pulley 27 on the L-shaped plate 26 is used to tension the belt, so as to improve the transmission effect of the driving pulley 20 driving the driven pulley 21 through the belt; in specific use, the adjusting nut is rotated, the pull rod 25 is pulled through the cooperation of the top spring 23 and the adjusting nut, the L-shaped plate 26 is rotated, and the tension pulley 27 is used to compactly tension the belt, so as to improve the transmission effect of the belt.

[0038] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 3 The adjusting structure includes a plurality of pressing plates 9 fixedly connected with the movable cover plate 6, and the plurality of pressing plates 9 are all provided with connecting grooves; the special-shaped channel steel 7 is rotationally connected with a pulling wire rod 10 matched with the connecting grooves, and the pulling wire rod 10 is screwed with a pulling nut.

[0039] In use, the pulling wire rod 10, the pulling nut and the connecting grooves are matched, so that the special-shaped channel steel 7 and the movable cover plate 6 are connected together, the position of the pulling nut is adjusted, the angle between the special-shaped channel steel 7 and the movable cover plate 6 is changed, and the distance between the cover plate special-shaped channel steel 7 and the roller 8 is changed, so that the upwardly flowing straw between the special-shaped channel steel 7 and the roller 8 can be effectively avoided, the roller 8 can fully compact the straw, and the effect of returning the straw to the field can be effectively improved.

[0040] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 5 And Figure 7As shown, the shaft tube 12 assembly includes a shaft tube 12, and a long shaft 29 and a short shaft are fixedly connected to both ends of the shaft tube 12, and the long shaft 29 is fixedly connected to the driven pulley 21; a pair of the side plates 16 are detachably connected with bearing seats corresponding to the mounting grooves, and the bearing seats are provided with bearings matched with the long shaft 29 and the short shaft; the bearing seats are detachably connected with the fixed plates 17 corresponding to the mounting grooves, and the fixed plates 17 are detachably connected with the reinforcing plates 18 detachably connected with the side plates 16; the bearing seats and the side plates 16, the fixed plates 17 and the bearing seats, the fixed plates 17 and the reinforcing plates 18, and the reinforcing plates 18 and the side plates 16 are detachably connected through bolts.

[0041] The shaft tube 12, the long shaft 29, and the short shaft are mounted in the mounting grooves on the side plates 16 through the bearing seats, so that the bearing seats and the side plates 16 are connected through bolts; the mounting grooves are blocked by fixing the fixed plates 17 on the bearing seats, and the fixed plates 17 are fixed on the side plates 16 through the reinforcing plates 18; through the fixed plates 17, the reinforcing plates 18, and the bearing seats, when the shaft tube 12 is disassembled, the fixed plates 17, the reinforcing plates 18, and the bearing seats are removed, so that the shaft tube 12, the long shaft 29, the short shaft, and the driven pulley 21 can be disassembled, thereby improving the convenience of the application.

[0042] Further, as shown in Figure 5 The straight blade 19 is provided with the bent blades 13 on both sides, and a pair of the bent blades 13 are rotatably connected with the support; through the cooperation of the straight blade 19 and the bent blades 13, the straw can be effectively crushed.

[0043] Further, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The fixed disc 22 is fixedly connected to the transmission cavity 3, and the fixed shaft 28 penetrating the long shaft 29 is fixedly connected to the fixed disc 22; the sun gear 34 is connected to the fixed shaft 28, and the driving gear ring 30 corresponding to the sun gear 34 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shaft tube 12; the spline shaft 33 is rotatably connected in the shaft tube 12, and a plurality of vibration structures 31 are arranged on the spline shaft 33; the planet carrier is fixedly connected to the spline shaft 33, and a plurality of planet gears 35 rotatably connected to the planet carrier are meshed with the sun gear 34 and the driving gear ring 30.

[0044] When the long shaft 29 rotates, the long shaft 29 drives the shaft tube 12 to rotate, and the shaft tube 12 drives the driving gear ring 30 to rotate; since the sun gear 34 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 28 and the fixed disc 22, the planet gears 35 drive the planet carrier to rotate in the same direction with the driving gear ring 30 under the action of the driving gear ring 30, and the planet carrier drives the spline shaft 33 to rotate, so that the spline shaft 33 rotates in the same direction with the shaft tube 12 at a reduced speed.

[0045] Further, as shown inFigures 8-10 As shown, each of the multiple sets of vibration structures 31 includes a pair of differential gear rings 37, and a connecting cylinder 36 detachably connected to the shaft tube 12 is fixed to each pair of differential gear rings 37; a pair of rotating plates 42 that cooperate with the differential gear rings 37 are installed on the spline shaft 33, and multiple differential gears 38 are rotatably connected to each pair of rotating plates 42, and vibration components are connected to the multiple differential gears 38; an outer cylinder 39 is fixed to each pair of rotating plates 42, and an inner cylinder 43 installed on the spline shaft 33 is also fixed to each pair of rotating plates 42.

[0046] When the splined shaft 33 and the shaft tube 12 rotate in the same direction at different speeds, the shaft tube 12 drives the differential gear ring 37 to rotate, and the splined shaft 33 drives the rotating plate 42 and the differential gear 38 on it to rotate. Since the rotation speed of the differential gear ring 37 is greater than the speed of the rotating plate 42, the differential gear ring 37 drives the differential gear 38 to rotate, and the differential gear 38 drives the vibration component to rotate continuously. In addition, the inner cylinder 43 and the outer cylinder 39 connect a pair of rotating plates 42, which can effectively improve the stability of the vibration structure's movement.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the vibration assembly includes a pair of drive rods 49 coaxially fixed to the differential gear 38. A crank 47 is coaxially rotatably connected to the drive rods 49, and a drive shaft 50 cooperating with the drive rods 49 is provided on the crank 47. A mounting plate is fixed to the inner cylinder 43, and a guide plate 52 is fixed to the mounting plate. A guide frame 53 is slidably connected to the guide plate 52, and a vibration head 48 is fixed to the guide frame 53. A through hole cooperating with the vibration head 48 is provided on the outer cylinder 39. A pair of lifting blocks 51 are fixed to the guide frame 53, and each pair of lifting blocks 51 has a lifting groove. A lifting shaft cooperating with the lifting groove is provided on the pair of cranks 47. A slide cylinder 45 is fixed to the mounting plate, and a slide rod 44 fixed to the guide frame 53 is slidably connected to the slide cylinder 45. A return spring 46 cooperating with the guide frame 53 is provided on the mounting plate, and the return spring 46 is sleeved on the slide cylinder 45.

[0048] When the vibration assembly is in use, the differential gear 38 drives the driving rod 49 to rotate, the driving rod 49 drives the crank 47 to rotate through the driving shaft 50, the crank 47 drives the lifting block 51 to descend through the lifting shaft and the lifting groove, the lifting block 51 drives the guide frame 53 to descend along the guide plate 52, the guide frame 53 drives the vibration head 48 to descend, and the guide frame 53 extrudes the reset spring 46; when the crank 47 rotates by 180 degrees, the driving rod 49 is separated from the driving shaft 50, the guide frame 53 is reset and rises under the action of the reset spring 46, and the guide frame 53 drives the crank 47 to rotate by 180 degrees through the lifting groove and the lifting shaft; at this time, the vibration head 48 knocks the inner wall of the shaft pipe 12 under the action of the guide frame 53, so that the shaft pipe 12 vibrates; the driving rod 49 continuously rotates under the action of the differential gear 38, and the crank 47 rotates until the driving rod 49 contacts the driving shaft 50 again, so that the lifting block 51 descends and then knocks twice; in this way, the vibration head 48 intermittently knocks the inner wall of the shaft pipe 12.

[0049] Further, a plurality of support plates 41 are detachably connected in the shaft pipe 12, the plurality of support plates 41 are arranged between adjacent vibration structures 31, and support cylinders 32 matched with the shaft pipe 12 are fixed on both sides of the support plate 41; the shaft pipe 12 is supported by the support plate 41 and the support cylinder 32; the support cylinder 32 and the connecting cylinder 36 are both provided with connecting holes 40, and the shaft pipe 12 is provided with fixing holes 15 matched with the connecting holes 40; the shaft pipe 12, the connecting cylinder 36 and the support cylinder 32 are connected through the bolts matched with the fixing holes 15 and the connecting holes 40, so as to improve the overall strength of the shaft pipe 12.

[0050] The working process of the present application is as follows:

[0051] In use, the present application is connected with the tractor through the suspension 4 and the gear box 2, the gear box 2 is driven to rotate by the tractor, the driving pulley 20 is driven to rotate by the gear box 2 through the belt, the long shaft 29 is driven to rotate by the driven pulley 21, the shaft pipe 12 is driven to rotate by the long shaft 29, and the straw is crushed by the crushing knife of the shaft pipe 12; the straw is shielded by the movable cover plate 6 during the crushing process, so as to avoid the straw from rising, and the straw is compacted by the roller 8.

[0052] At the same time, the shaft pipe 12 drives the driving gear ring 30 to rotate, the sun gear 34 is fixed by the fixed shaft 28 and the fixed disc 22, so the planetary gear 35 drives the planetary carrier to rotate in the same direction with the driving gear ring 30 under the action of the driving gear ring 30, the planetary carrier drives the spline shaft 33 to rotate, so the spline shaft 33 rotates in the same direction with the shaft pipe 12 at a reduced speed, the differential gear ring 37 is driven to rotate by the shaft pipe 12, the spline shaft 33 drives the rotating plate 42 and the differential gear 38 on the rotating plate 42 to rotate, the differential gear ring 37 drives the differential gear 38 to rotate because the rotating speed of the differential gear ring 37 is greater than that of the rotating plate 42.

[0053] The differential gear 38 drives the driving rod 49 to rotate, the driving rod 49 drives the crank 47 to rotate through the driving shaft 50; the crank 47 drives the lifting block 51 to descend through the lifting shaft and the lifting groove; the lifting block 51 drives the guide frame 53 to descend along the guide plate 52; the guide frame 53 drives the vibration head 48 to descend, and the guide frame 53 extrudes the reset spring 46; when the crank 47 rotates 180 degrees, the driving rod 49 is separated from the driving shaft 50, the guide frame 53 is reset and rises under the action of the reset spring 46, the guide frame 53 drives the crank 47 to rotate 180 degrees through the lifting groove and the lifting shaft, at this time, the vibration head 48 knocks the inner wall of the shaft pipe 12 under the action of the guide frame 53, so that the shaft pipe 12 vibrates; the driving rod 49 rotates continuously under the action of the differential gear 38, until it contacts the driving shaft 50 again, so that the crank 47 rotates, the lifting block 51 descends, and then the second knocking is performed; in this way, the vibration head 48 intermittently knocks the inner wall of the shaft pipe 12, so that the shaft pipe 12, the straight blade 19 and the curved blade 13 vibrate, the straw and the soil stuck between the straight blade 19 and the curved blade 13 can be effectively removed, the crushing effect of the crushing knife on the straw is improved, and the effect of the straw returning to the field is improved.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and returning machine, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of cutting device, including roof (5), is equipped with suspension (4) on roof (5), and both sides of roof (5) are fixedly connected with side plate (16);The top plate (5) is rotatably connected with movable cover plate (6), and movable cover plate (6) is rotatably connected with special-shaped channel steel (7), and movable cover plate (6) is equipped with adjustment structure with special-shaped channel steel (7) cooperation;A pair of side plate (16) is fixedly connected with bracket, and rotatably connected with roller (8) on bracket;A pair of side plate (16) is equipped with mounting groove, and shaft tube assembly is mounted on mounting groove, and uniformly distributed with crushing knife on shaft tube assembly;The end of top plate (5) away from movable cover plate (6) is uniformly distributed with front blade (14), and movable cover plate (6) is uniformly distributed with rear blade (11);The side plate (16) is fixedly connected with transmission cavity (3); The fixed disc (22) is fixedly connected on the transmission cavity (3), and the fixed shaft (28) is fixedly connected on the fixed disc (22) and passes through the long shaft (29);The sun gear (34) is connected on the fixed shaft (28), and the driving gear ring (30) corresponding to the sun gear (34) is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the shaft tube (12);The spline shaft (33) is rotatably connected in the shaft tube (12), and the plurality of vibration structures (31) are arranged on the spline shaft (33);The planet carrier is fixedly connected on the spline shaft (33), and a plurality of planet gears (35) rotatably connected on the planet carrier are meshed with the sun gear (34) and the driving gear ring (30); The plurality of vibration structures (31) each include a pair of differential gear rings (37), and the connecting barrel (36) detachably connected with the shaft tube (12) is fixedly connected on a pair of differential gear rings (37);The pair of rotating plates (42) matched with the differential gear rings (37) are mounted on the spline shaft (33), and a plurality of differential gears (38) are rotatably connected on a pair of rotating plates (42), and the vibration assembly is connected on a plurality of differential gears (38);The outer barrel (39) is fixedly connected on a pair of rotating plates (42), and the inner barrel (43) mounted on the spline shaft (33) is also fixedly connected on a pair of rotating plates (42); The vibration assembly includes a pair of driving rods (49) fixedly connected coaxially with the differential gears (38), the driving rods (49) are coaxially rotatably connected with the cranks (47), and the driving shafts (50) matched with the driving rods (49) are arranged on the cranks (47);The mounting plate is fixedly connected on the inner barrel (43), and the guide plate (52) is fixedly connected on the mounting plate;The guide frame (53) is slidably connected on the guide plate (52), and the vibration head (48) is fixedly connected on the guide frame (53);A pair of lifting blocks (51) are fixedly connected on the guide frame (53), and a pair of lifting grooves are arranged on a pair of lifting blocks (51), and a pair of lifting shafts matched with a pair of lifting grooves are arranged on a pair of cranks (47);The slide cylinder (45) is fixedly connected on the mounting plate, and the slide rod (44) fixedly connected with the guide frame (53) is slidably connected on the slide cylinder (45);The reset spring (46) matched with the guide frame (53) is arranged on the mounting plate, and the reset spring (46) is sleeved on the slide cylinder (45). The shaft pipe (12) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of detachable support plates (41), a plurality of the support plates (41) are arranged between adjacent vibration structures (31), and the support plates (41) are fixedly connected with support cylinders (32) matched with the shaft pipe (12); the support cylinders (32) and the connecting cylinders (36) are provided with connecting holes (40), and the shaft pipe (12) is provided with fixing holes (15) matched with the connecting holes (40).

2. The straw pulverizing and incorporating machine according to claim 1, wherein: The top plate (5) is further rotatably connected with a plurality of soil retaining plates (1) away from the movable cover plate (6), and the plurality of soil retaining plates (1) are evenly arranged along the length direction of the top plate (5); the top plate (5) is provided with a gear box (2), and the output end of the gear box (2) is connected with a driving pulley (20); the side plate (16) is further provided with a driven pulley (21) fixedly connected with the shaft pipe assembly, and the driving pulley (20) is provided with a belt matched with the driven pulley (21).

3. The straw pulverizing and incorporating machine according to claim 2, wherein: The side plate (16) is rotatably connected with an L-shaped plate (26), and the L-shaped plate (26) is rotatably connected with a tension pulley (27) matched with the belt; the side plate (16) is fixedly connected with a support plate (24), and the support plate (24) is provided with a pull rod (25) penetratingly arranged, and the pull rod (25) is rotatably connected with one end of the L-shaped plate (26) away from the tension pulley (27); the pull rod (25) is sleeved with a top spring (23) corresponding to the support plate (24), and the pull rod (25) is screwed with an adjusting nut matched with the top spring (23).

4. The straw pulverizing and incorporating machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: The adjusting structure comprises a plurality of pressing plates (9) fixedly connected with the movable cover plate (6), and the plurality of pressing plates (9) are provided with connecting grooves; the special-shaped channel steel (7) is rotatably connected with a pulling wire rod (10) matched with the connecting grooves, and the pulling wire rod (10) is screwed with a pulling nut.

5. The machine for pulverizing and incorporating straw into soil as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft pipe assembly comprises a shaft pipe (12), and the two ends of the shaft pipe (12) are fixedly connected with a long shaft (29) and a short shaft, respectively, and the long shaft (29) is fixedly connected with the driven pulley (21); a pair of the side plates (16) are detachably connected with bearing seats corresponding to the mounting grooves, and the bearing seats are provided with bearings matched with the long shaft (29) and the short shaft; the bearing seats are detachably connected with fixed plates (17) corresponding to the mounting grooves, and the fixed plates (17) are detachably connected with reinforcing plates (18) detachably connected with the side plates (16).

6. The straw pulverizing and incorporating machine as set forth in claim 5, wherein: The crushing knife comprises a support fixedly connected with the shaft pipe (12), and the support is rotatably connected with a straight blade (19); the straight blade (19) is provided with curved blades (13) on both sides, and a pair of the curved blades (13) are rotatably connected with the support.

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