A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fan variable pitch bearing lubricating device, specifically relates to bearing lubrication technical field, including variable pitch bearing, base, guide rail seat, sliding seat, drive shaft, floating seat, sliding cavity, floating block, injection hole, communication cavity, fixed pipe, the fixed pipe with the communication cavity is through, and the fixed pipe is equipped with pipe interface;Linear drive component for driving the floating seat horizontal movement.By cylinder drive drive shaft moves towards variable pitch bearing end face direction, so that floating seat surface and variable pitch bearing end face are in abutment, lubricating oil is sprayed from injection hole on floating block to the clearance of the end face, inner ring and outer ring of variable pitch bearing, on the one hand, compared with prior art, lubricating oil can be penetrated into the clearance between inner ring and outer ring with greater pressure, improve lubrication effect, on the other hand, since floating seat surface, floating block surface are all in abutment connection with variable pitch bearing end face, reduce the amount of lubricating oil spill, in turn reduce the waste phenomenon of waste lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing lubrication technology, and more specifically, to a lubrication device and lubrication method for a wind turbine pitch bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power generation consists of wind turbine generator sets, including wind rotors and generators. The wind rotor contains blades, hubs, and reinforcement components. The pitch system, as one of the core components of the control system of large wind turbine generator sets, plays a vital role in the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the generator set. The pitch mechanism controls the position and angle of the blades relative to the plane of rotation. Pitch control enables the wind turbine to obtain electrical energy at low wind speeds and to capture a fixed amount of wind energy when the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese invention patent publication number CN115750243A, which discloses a lubrication device for a wind turbine pitch bearing. The device includes a connecting plate and a pitch bearing. Bases are welded to both sides of the connecting plate, and a fixing head is provided on the top of the base. The fixing head is sleeved on the outside of the pitch bearing. An oil injection pump is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting plate, located below the pitch bearing. The oil injection pump is provided with uniformly distributed oil injection copper pipes on its exterior, and an oil inlet is provided at the left end of the recovery seat. A spray base is fixedly fitted to the end of the oil injection copper pipes, and a recovery seat is fixedly fitted to the exterior of the spray base. Atomizing nozzles are fixedly fitted to the exterior of the spray base.

[0004] In the aforementioned prior art pitch bearing lubrication equipment, lubricating oil is delivered to an atomizing nozzle by an oil injection pump during lubrication. The atomizing nozzle then sprays the lubricating oil into the gap between the inner and outer rings of the pitch bearing for lubrication. However, since the atomizing nozzle lubricates by spraying lubricating oil, the lubricating oil cannot smoothly penetrate into the gap for lubrication. Furthermore, the method of spraying lubricating oil can easily lead to excessive lubricating oil spray volume, resulting in waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a wind turbine pitch bearing lubrication device and lubrication method. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing pitch bearing lubrication equipment cannot smoothly penetrate the lubricating oil into the gap for lubrication, and the method of spraying lubricating oil easily leads to excessive lubricating oil spraying, resulting in waste.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wind turbine pitch bearing lubrication device, comprising a pitch bearing and a base disposed on both axial sides of the pitch bearing, and further comprising:

[0007] A guide rail seat is fixed to the base, and a sliding seat is connected to the guide rail seat. The sliding seat slides along an arc-shaped trajectory on the guide rail seat.

[0008] A drive shaft, horizontally inserted and freely sliding, is provided. A floating seat is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft facing the pitch bearing. A sliding cavity is provided inside the floating seat, and the sliding cavity is open on one side facing the pitch bearing. A floating block, which can slide freely along the axial direction of the pitch bearing, is engaged inside the sliding cavity. The floating block has multiple injection holes that communicate with the interior of the sliding cavity. A communicating cavity is provided at one end of the drive shaft adjacent to the floating seat. The communicating cavity communicates with the interior of the sliding cavity. A fixed tube is provided on the drive shaft, and the fixed tube communicates with the communicating cavity. The fixed tube has a tube interface.

[0009] A linear drive component for driving the floating seat to move horizontally.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the sliding seat is fixedly connected to four support arms, the support arms are rotatably connected to rollers, and the guide rail seat has roller grooves that allow the rollers to roll and are coaxial with the pitch bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the linear drive component includes a bracket fixed to the sliding seat, a cylinder is horizontally mounted on the bracket, and the cylinder rod of the cylinder is drivenly connected to the drive shaft.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the guide rail seat and the sliding seat are each hinged to a movable hinge seat, and a tension spring is fixedly connected to two adjacent movable hinge seats.

[0013] Preferably, the floating block has a recess on the side facing the outside of the sliding cavity opening, and the plurality of injection holes are located in the recess.

[0014] Preferably, the floating block is horizontally fixed with a sliding rod, and the end of the sliding rod away from the floating block passes through the communicating cavity and is fitted with a limiting ring. The floating seat has multiple communicating grooves distributed in a ring, and the communicating grooves communicate with the sliding cavity and the communicating cavity. The outer diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the communicating cavity, and the side projection area of ​​the limiting ring can cover multiple communicating grooves. A spring is provided in the sliding cavity, and the spring is wrapped around the sliding rod and elastically abuts against the floating block.

[0015] Preferably, a floating column is telescopically inserted into the fixed tube, the upper end of the floating column is engaged with the tube interface, the base is connected to a wedge, the top surface of the wedge is inclined, and the lower end of the floating column slides in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge.

[0016] Preferably, a floating roller is rotatably connected to the lower end of the floating column, and the floating roller rolls in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge.

[0017] Preferably, the lower end of the fixed tube is provided with a first collar, the floating column is fitted with a second collar, and a return spring is provided between the first collar and the second collar.

[0018] A lubrication method for a wind turbine pitch bearing lubrication device includes:

[0019] The external lubricating oil pump is started, and the lubricating oil pump delivers lubricating oil to the pipe interface at a constant pressure. In the initial state, the floating roller rolls in contact with the highest end of the inclined surface on the wedge, so that the top of the floating column blocks the opening of the pipe interface, thereby making the penetration area between the pipe interface and the fixed pipe smaller. Then, the lubricating oil enters the fixed pipe from the gap between the top of the floating column and the pipe interface, and enters the communicating cavity.

[0020] When the cylinder is activated, the cylinder rod extends and drives the drive shaft to move toward the end face of the pitch bearing until the side wall of the floating seat abuts against the end face of the pitch bearing, and the gap between the inner and outer rings of the pitch bearing corresponds to the position of the floating block. After being blocked by the end face of the pitch bearing, the floating block will overcome the elastic resistance of the spring and slide toward the inner side of the sliding cavity. When the floating block moves, it drives the sliding rod to move toward the inner side of the drive shaft, thereby causing the limiting ring to disengage from the abutting state with the inner wall of the communicating cavity, so that the communicating groove is opened, thereby allowing the communicating cavity and the sliding cavity to communicate. The lubricating oil in the communicating cavity will enter the sliding cavity through the communicating groove, and then be sprayed into the gap between the inner and outer rings of the pitch bearing by multiple injection holes at a large pressure.

[0021] The pitch bearing is in a rotating state. The pitch bearing and the surface of the floating seat have friction in the initial stage of rotation. Under the action of friction, the pitch bearing will drive the floating seat to rotate around the axis of the pitch bearing, which in turn drives the roller on the sliding seat to roll in the roller groove, so that the sliding seat pulls the tension spring. The tension spring accumulates elastic potential energy and limits the sliding stroke of the sliding seat on the guide rail seat.

[0022] When the pitch bearing has low lubrication, its end face has a high coefficient of friction, resulting in a large sliding stroke of the floating seat as the pitch bearing rotates. At this time, the floating roller will roll from the highest point of the wedge slope towards the lowest point. Under the elastic resistance of the return spring, the downward movement of the floating column increases, increasing the gap between the top of the floating column and the pipe inlet, thereby increasing the lubricating oil flow rate at the pipe inlet. This increases the flow rate and pressure of the lubricating oil sprayed from the multiple injection holes, further increasing the lubrication of the pitch bearing end face. When the lubrication of the pitch bearing end face increases, its end face has a lower coefficient of friction, causing the floating seat to move towards the end of the guide rail under the tension of the tension spring. This causes the floating roller to roll towards the highest point of the wedge slope, reducing the gap between the top of the floating column and the pipe inlet. This allows the lubricating oil injection flow rate and pressure to be automatically adjusted according to the lubrication level of the pitch bearing end face.

[0023] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0024] The cylinder drives the drive shaft to move towards the pitch bearing end face, so that the surface of the float seat abuts against the pitch bearing end face. Lubricating oil is sprayed from the injection holes on the float block into the end face, inner ring and outer ring gap of the pitch bearing. On the one hand, compared with the existing technology, it can penetrate the lubricating oil into the inner ring and outer ring gap with greater pressure, improving the lubrication effect. On the other hand, since the surface of the float seat and the surface of the float block are in contact with the pitch bearing end face, the amount of lubricating oil overflow is reduced, thereby reducing the waste of lubricating oil.

[0025] When the floating block abuts against the end face of the pitch bearing, the floating block slides towards the inside of the sliding cavity, causing the sliding rod to drive the limiting ring to move away from the floating block. This opens multiple connecting slots, allowing lubricating oil to enter the sliding cavity from the connecting slots and then into the injection hole. When the floating block disengages from the pitch bearing, the spring drives the floating block to move in the opposite direction, causing the end face of the limiting ring to completely block the connecting slots, preventing lubricating oil from entering the sliding cavity from the connecting cavity, thus achieving automatic lubricating oil delivery.

[0026] The friction between the pitch bearing end face and the float seat surface is affected by the lubrication level of the pitch bearing end face. When the lubrication level is high, the friction is low, resulting in a smaller displacement stroke of the float seat during pitch bearing rotation. This leads to a smaller rolling stroke of the floating rollers on the wedge's inclined surface towards the lowest point. Consequently, the area blocked by the top of the floating column from the pipe interface is larger, meaning the through area between the pipe interface and the fixed pipe is smaller. This results in a smaller flow rate of lubricating oil entering the fixed pipe, and consequently, a smaller flow rate and pressure of lubricating oil ejected from the injection orifice. Conversely, a smaller flow rate and pressure result in a smaller flow rate of lubricating oil. When the lubrication level is low, the friction is high, resulting in a larger displacement stroke of the floating seat as the pitch bearing rotates. At this time, the floating roller will roll from the highest point to the lowest point of the inclined surface on the wedge, causing the floating column to move downward. This increases the penetration area between the pipe interface and the fixed pipe, thereby increasing the flow rate of lubricating oil from the pipe interface into the fixed pipe. This, in turn, increases the pressure and flow rate of the lubricating oil sprayed from the injection hole, realizing the automatic adjustment of the injection flow rate and pressure of the lubricating oil from the injection hole according to the lubrication level of the pitch bearing end face, reducing the waste of lubricating oil. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine pitch bearing lubrication device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the central structure from the front view angle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A side view diagram of the mid-structure;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the guide rail base, base and sliding seat in this invention;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A sectional view of the middle structure from a side perspective;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of a local structure at point A;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive shaft, floating seat and fixed tube after assembly in this invention;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A side view diagram of the mid-structure;

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the middle section of the structure.

[0038] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-outer ring, 2-inner ring, 3-floating seat, 4-sliding seat, 5-guide rail seat, 6-cylinder, 7-base, 8-roller groove, 9-roller, 10-tension spring, 11-bracket, 12-wedge, 13-fixed tube, 14-floating block, 15-spray hole, 16-recess, 17-floating roller, 18-pipe interface, 19-floating column, 20-reset spring, 21-sliding cavity, 22-sliding rod, 23-spring, 24-connecting groove, 25-limiting ring, 26-connecting cavity, 27-drive shaft, 28-second ring, 29-first ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1-11As shown, the present invention provides a wind turbine pitch bearing lubrication device, including a pitch bearing comprising an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 1. A base 7 connected to the wind turbine is mounted on each of the two axial sides of the pitch bearing. An arc-shaped guide rail seat 5 is welded to the top of the base 7. Arc-shaped roller grooves 8 are formed on the outer walls of the guide rail seat 5 on both axial sides of the pitch bearing. A sliding seat 4 is mounted on the guide rail seat 5. An arm is welded to each of the four corners of the bottom of the sliding seat 4. A roller 9 is horizontally rotatably connected to the lower end of each arm. The roller 9 can roll along an arc-shaped trajectory within the roller groove 8. The roller groove 8 is coaxial with the pitch bearing, thereby allowing the sliding seat 4 to slide along an arc-shaped trajectory on the guide rail seat 5. A drive shaft 27 is horizontally inserted through the sliding seat 4. The drive shaft 27 can slide freely on the sliding seat 4. The sliding seat 4 has a spline hole for the drive shaft 27 to pass through freely. The drive shaft 27 and the spline hole form a spline connection, so that the drive shaft 27 will not rotate on its own. A floating seat 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 27 facing the pitch bearing. A U-shaped bracket 11 is welded to the side wall of the sliding seat 4 facing away from the pitch bearing. A cylinder 6 is horizontally mounted on the bracket 11. The cylinder rod of the cylinder 6 is threadedly connected to the drive shaft 27. When the cylinder rod of the cylinder 6 extends or retracts, it can correspondingly drive the drive shaft 27 to move horizontally. A movable hinge seat is hinged to one end of the guide rail seat 5 in the arc length direction and to the outer wall of one side of the sliding seat 4. A tension spring 10 is fixedly connected to two adjacent movable hinge seats.

[0041] Additionally, the floating seat 3 has a sliding cavity 21 inside, which is open towards the pitch bearing. A floating block 14, capable of sliding freely along the pitch bearing axis, is engaged within the sliding cavity 21. The floating block 14 has multiple injection holes 15 communicating with the interior of the sliding cavity 21. A connecting cavity 26 is located at one end of the drive shaft 27 adjacent to the floating seat 3, communicating with the interior of the sliding cavity 21. The drive shaft 27 has a fixed tube 13, which communicates with the connecting cavity 26. The fixed tube 13 has a pipe interface 18, which connects to the external lubricant system via a pipe. The lubricating oil pump is connected so that it can deliver lubricating oil to the port of pipe interface 18 and then to the fixed pipe 13. A sliding rod 22 is horizontally welded to one side of the floating block 14 located in the sliding cavity 21. The end of the sliding rod 22 away from the floating block 14 passes through the connecting cavity 26 and is fitted with a limiting ring 25. The floating seat 3 has three annularly distributed connecting grooves 24, which communicate with the sliding cavity 21 and the connecting cavity 26. The outer diameter of the limiting ring 25 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting cavity 26, and the side projection area of ​​the limiting ring 25 can cover multiple connecting grooves. 24. Preferably, the limiting ring 25 is made entirely of silicone material, so that when the end face of the limiting ring 25 abuts against the inner wall of the communicating cavity 26, the abutting surfaces of the two have a good sealing effect. A spring 23 is provided in the sliding cavity 21. The spring 23 is wrapped around the sliding rod 22 and elastically abuts against the floating block 14. A floating column 19 is telescopically inserted on the fixed tube 13, that is, the floating column 19 can slide freely on the fixed tube 13. The upper end of the floating column 19 cooperates with the pipe interface 18. That is, when the top of the floating column 19 moves up and down, it can adjust the opening of the pipe interface 18 and the fixed tube 14. The size of the internal through area is adjusted to regulate the fluid flow rate of the pipe interface 18. The base 7 is connected to a wedge 12 by screws. The top surface of the wedge 12 is inclined. The lower end of the floating column 19 is rotatably connected to a floating roller 17. The floating roller 17 rolls in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge 12. In addition, the lower end of the fixed pipe 13 is provided with a first collar 29. The floating column 19 is fitted with a second collar 28. A return spring 20 is provided between the first collar 29 and the second collar 28. The floating roller 17 is kept in rolling contact with the inclined surface by the elastic resistance of the return spring 20.

[0042] The working principle of the present invention: The pitch bearing is driven to rotate by the components of the wind turbine, and the external lubricating oil pump is started. The lubricating oil pump delivers lubricating oil to the pipe interface 18 at a constant pressure. In the initial state, the floating roller 17 rolls and contacts the highest end of the inclined surface on the wedge block 12, so that the top of the floating column 19 blocks the opening of the pipe interface 18, thereby making the penetration area between the pipe interface 18 and the fixed pipe 13 smaller. Then, the lubricating oil enters the fixed pipe 13 from the gap between the top of the floating column 19 and the pipe interface 18, and enters the communicating cavity 26.

[0043] When cylinder 6 is activated, the cylinder rod of cylinder 6 extends and drives the drive shaft 27 to move towards the pitch bearing end face until the side wall of the float seat 3 abuts against the pitch bearing end face, and the gap between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1 of the pitch bearing corresponds to the position of the float block 14. After the float block 14 is blocked by the pitch bearing end face, it will overcome the elastic resistance of the spring 23 and slide towards the inner side of the sliding cavity 21. When the float block 14 moves, it drives the sliding rod 22 to move towards the inner side of the drive shaft 27, thereby causing the limiting ring 25 to disengage from the abutting state with the inner wall of the connecting cavity 26, so that the opening of the connecting groove 24 is opened, thereby allowing the connecting cavity 26 and the sliding cavity 21 to be connected. The lubricating oil in the connecting cavity 26 will enter the sliding cavity 21 through the connecting groove 24, and then be sprayed into the gap between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1 of the pitch bearing by multiple injection holes 15 with greater pressure.

[0044] When the pitch bearing is rotating, there is friction between the pitch bearing and the surface of the float seat 3 during rotation. Under the action of friction, the pitch bearing will drive the float seat 3 to rotate around the axis of the pitch bearing, so that the sliding seat 4 slides on the guide rail seat 5. That is, it drives the roller 9 on the sliding seat 4 to roll along the arc trajectory in the roller groove 8. During the rolling process, the sliding seat 4 pulls the tension spring 10, and the tension spring 10 begins to accumulate elastic potential energy. When the tension of the tension spring 10 on the sliding seat 4 is the same as the friction force of the float seat 3, the float block 14 and the end face of the pitch bearing, the tension spring 10 will restrict the sliding seat 4 from continuing to move, thereby limiting the sliding stroke of the sliding seat 4 on the guide rail seat 5.

[0045] When the pitch bearing has low lubrication, its end face has a high coefficient of friction, resulting in a large sliding stroke of the float seat 3 as the pitch bearing rotates. At this time, the floating roller 17 will roll from the highest point of the wedge block 12 inclined surface to the lowest point of the inclined surface. Under the elastic resistance of the return spring 20, the downward stroke of the floating column 19 increases, which increases the gap between the top of the floating column 19 and the opening of the pipe interface 18, thereby increasing the flow rate of lubricating oil at the opening of the pipe interface 18. This increases the flow rate and pressure of lubricating oil sprayed from the multiple injection holes 15, thereby increasing the lubrication of the pitch bearing end face. When the lubrication of the pitch bearing end face increases, its end face has a lower coefficient of friction, causing the float seat 3 to move towards the end of the guide rail seat 5 under the tension of the tension spring 10. This causes the floating roller 17 to roll towards the highest point of the wedge block 12 inclined surface, thereby reducing the gap between the top of the floating column 19 and the opening of the pipe interface 18. This allows the lubricating oil injection flow rate and pressure to be adjusted automatically according to the lubrication of the pitch bearing end face.

[0046] Furthermore, the floating block 14 has a recess 16 on the side facing the outside of the sliding cavity 21 opening, and multiple injection holes 15 are located in the recess 16. The recess 16 is provided so that if the lubricating oil sprayed from the injection holes 15 does not smoothly penetrate into the gap between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1, it can be stored in the recess 16, so that the stored lubricating oil can penetrate into the gaps in other positions as the pitch bearing rotates.

[0047] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0048] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0049] In conclusion, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication device, comprising a variable pitch bearing and a base (7) arranged on both axial sides of the variable pitch bearing, characterized in that Also include: The guide rail seat (5) is fixed to the base (7), and the sliding seat (4) is connected to the guide rail seat (5). The sliding seat (4) slides along the arc track on the guide rail seat (5); The drive shaft (27) horizontally penetrates the sliding seat (4) and can freely slide. The end of the drive shaft (27) towards the variable pitch bearing is fixedly connected with the floating seat (3). The sliding cavity (21) is formed in the floating seat (3). The sliding cavity (21) is open to the side of the variable pitch bearing, and the floating block (14) which can freely slide along the variable pitch bearing is fitted in the sliding cavity (21). The floating block (14) is provided with a plurality of injection holes (15) which are in communication with the inside of the sliding cavity (21). The end of the drive shaft (27) adjacent to the floating seat (3) is provided with a communication cavity (26). The communication cavity (26) is in communication with the inside of the sliding cavity (21). The drive shaft (27) is provided with a fixed tube (13). The fixed tube (13) penetrates the communication cavity (26), and the fixed tube (13) is provided with a pipe interface (18). The linear drive component is used to drive the horizontal movement of the floating seat (3).

2. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the sliding seat (4) is fixedly connected with four supporting arms. The supporting arms are rotatably connected with the rollers (9). The guide rail seat (5) is provided with the roller grooves (8) for the rollers (9) to roll, and the roller grooves (8) are coaxial with the variable pitch bearing.

3. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The linear drive component includes the bracket (11) fixedly connected with the sliding seat (4). The bracket (11) is horizontally installed with the air cylinder (6). The air cylinder rod of the air cylinder (6) is drivingly connected with the drive shaft (27).

4. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, The guide rail seat (5) and the sliding seat (4) are each hingedly connected with a movable hinge seat. Adjacent two movable hinge seats are commonly fixedly connected with the tension spring (10).

5. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, The floating block (14) is provided with a recessed portion (16) on the side facing the outside of the opening of the sliding cavity (21). The plurality of injection holes (15) are located in the recessed portion (16).

6. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The floating block (14) is horizontally fixedly connected with the sliding rod (22). The end of the sliding rod (22) away from the floating block (14) penetrates into the communication cavity (26) and is sleeved with the limiting ring (25). The floating seat (3) is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed communication grooves (24). The communication grooves (24) penetrate the sliding cavity (21) and the communication cavity (26). The outer diameter of the limiting ring (25) is smaller than the inner diameter of the communication cavity (26). The side projection area of the limiting ring (25) can cover the plurality of communication grooves (24). The spring (23) is provided in the sliding cavity (21). The spring (23) is sleeved on the sliding rod (22) and elastically abuts against the floating block (14).

7. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, The fixed tube (13) is telescopically inserted with the floating column (19). The upper end of the floating column (19) is matched with the pipe interface (18). The base (7) is connected with the wedge block (12). The top surface of the wedge block (12) is inclined. The lower end of the floating column (19) slidingly contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block (12).

8. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, The lower end of the floating column (19) is rotatably connected with the floating roller (17). The floating roller (17) rollingly contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block (12).

9. A wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, The lower end of the fixed tube (13) is provided with the first sleeve ring (29). The floating column (19) is sleeved with the second sleeve ring (28). The first sleeve ring (29) and the second sleeve ring (28) are provided with the reset spring (20).

10. A method of lubricating a wind turbine variable pitch bearing lubrication apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, It includes: The external lubricating oil pump is started, and the lubricating oil pump delivers lubricating oil to the pipe joint (18) at a constant pressure. In the initial state, the floating roller (17) is in rolling contact with the highest end of the inclined surface of the wedge block (12), so that the top of the floating column (19) blocks the mouth of the pipe joint (18), thereby making the through area of the pipe joint (18) and the fixed pipe (13) small. Then, the lubricating oil enters the fixed pipe (13) from the gap between the top of the floating column (19) and the pipe joint (18), and enters the communication cavity (26); The cylinder (6) is started, the cylinder rod of the cylinder (6) is elongated and drives the driving shaft (27) to move towards the variable pitch bearing end face direction until the side wall of the floating seat (3) abuts against the variable pitch bearing end face, and the gap between the inner ring (2) and the outer ring (1) of the variable pitch bearing corresponds to the position of the floating block (14). After the floating block (14) is blocked by the variable pitch bearing end face, it will slide towards the inside of the sliding cavity (21) against the elastic resistance of the spring (23). When the floating block (14) moves, the driving sliding rod (22) moves towards the inside of the driving shaft (27), thereby making the limiting ring (25) disengage from the abutting state with the inner wall of the communication cavity (26), so that the mouth of the communication groove (24) is open, thereby making the communication cavity (26) and the sliding cavity (21) communicate, and the lubricating oil in the communication cavity (26) enters the sliding cavity (21) from the communication groove (24), and then is sprayed at a high pressure to the gap between the inner ring (2) and the outer ring (1) of the variable pitch bearing through the plurality of injection holes (15); The variable pitch bearing is in a rotating state. The variable pitch bearing and the surface of the floating seat (3) have a friction force at the initial stage of rotation. Under the action of the friction force, the variable pitch bearing drives the floating seat (3) to rotate around the axial direction of the variable pitch bearing, thereby driving the roller (9) on the sliding seat (4) to roll in the roller groove (8), so that the sliding seat (4) pulls the tension spring (10). The tension spring (10) accumulates elastic potential energy and limits the sliding stroke of the sliding seat (4) on the guide rail seat (5); When the lubrication degree of the variable pitch bearing is low, the friction coefficient of the end face is large, so that the sliding stroke of the floating seat (3) when rotating with the variable pitch bearing is large. At this time, the floating roller (17) will roll from the highest point of the inclined surface of the wedge block (12) to the lowest point of the inclined surface. Under the elastic resistance of the return spring (20), the floating column (19) moves downward with an increased stroke, so that the gap between the top of the floating column (19) and the mouth of the pipe joint (18) is increased, thereby increasing the flow of lubricating oil at the mouth of the pipe joint (18), increasing the flow and pressure of the lubricating oil sprayed from the plurality of injection holes (15), and thereby increasing the lubrication degree of the end face of the variable pitch bearing. When the lubrication degree of the end face of the variable pitch bearing is increased, the friction coefficient of the end face is reduced, so that the floating seat (3) will move towards the end of the guide rail seat (5) under the tension of the tension spring (10), thereby making the floating roller (17) roll towards the highest point of the inclined surface of the wedge block (12), and thereby reducing the gap between the top of the floating column (19) and the mouth of the pipe joint (18), so as to automatically adjust the injection flow and pressure of the lubricating oil according to the lubrication degree of the end face of the variable pitch bearing.

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