High-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention proposes a high-efficiency solar adsorption-filtration evaporator and its preparation method. Using cattail as raw material, the invention prepares an adsorption-regeneration adsorber, water supply pipes, and a photothermal coating evaporator, assembled in a modular manner. This solar adsorption-filtration evaporator is low-cost, simple in preparation, and exhibits excellent performance. Cattail leaves possess a well-developed aeration structure, and their porous structure forms efficient water supply channels through capillary force, enabling high-quality recycling of biomass resources. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a zirconium carbide coating improve water evaporation efficiency. The solar adsorption-filtration evaporator of this invention achieves an adsorption removal rate of over 95%, demonstrating high evaporation efficiency and broadening the application fields of solar evaporation. It provides a new solution for the recycling and incineration pollution problems of agricultural and forestry waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clean energy technology, specifically to a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator and its preparation method.

[0002] Research Background and Significance

[0003] In recent years, with increasing attention paid to wastewater treatment and clean energy, green and sustainable development has become an inevitable trend. Dyes are widely used in industries such as textiles, paints, leather, plastics, rubber, pharmaceuticals, electroplating, and food processing. Wastewater discharged from these industries, if not properly treated, will cause serious environmental problems for aquatic animals and humans. Most synthetic dyes are harmful, thermally stable, and lightfast, and are difficult to biodegrade due to their complex chemical structures. Activated carbon adsorption is the simplest and most effective method for removing harmful dyes from wastewater; however, commercially available activated carbon extracted from bituminous coal, lignite, and coconut shells is limited by its high cost, thus creating an urgent need for low-cost, high-efficiency raw materials for activated carbon production. Biomass resources rank third in the world's total energy output after coal, oil, and natural gas, and are abundant, widely distributed, and renewable, making them the most promising carbon source material and attracting considerable attention from researchers.

[0004] Due to the advantages of cattail leaves, such as low price, abundant yield, rapid growth, and loose and porous structure, this study uses cattail, a perennial aquatic or marsh herb, as raw material to prepare a solar adsorption filtration evaporator device for cattail leaves. It has excellent performance in dye adsorption and sewage purification, and provides some ideas for the recycling and utilization of agricultural and forestry waste such as corn stalks and rice straw, which have the same porous structure as cattail leaves, and the pollution problem caused by incineration.

[0005] Existing patents for solar evaporators, such as CN113307321A, disclose a method for preparing a solar interface evaporator using microalgae oil extraction residue as raw material. The preparation process requires activation and pore making, and improper treatment of the activator can easily cause pollution. Furthermore, the experimental operation is relatively complex. Existing patents for cattail-based water treatment materials, such as CN102989425A, disclose a method for preparing cattail-based water treatment materials by chemically modifying natural cattail. The water treatment materials prepared by this method have the following advantages: (1) they are pure natural and biodegradable; (2) they can be repeatedly recycled up to 10 times after simple acid / alkali treatment; and (3) they have a strong adsorption capacity for lead ions in aqueous solutions, which is 94.7 times that of the unmodified form. However, the cattail particles prepared by this invention are not easy to recycle. The above inventions rarely combine adsorption with solar evaporation to mutually promote each other's performance and improve adsorption efficiency and water evaporation efficiency. Therefore, the preparation of a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator is a promising area for research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a high-efficiency solar adsorption-filtration evaporator and its preparation method. The invention uses cattail as raw material to prepare an adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber, a water supply pipeline, and a photothermal coating evaporator. The device is assembled in a modular manner. The cattail leaves have a well-developed air-permeable structure and multiple pores that form a high-efficiency water supply channel through capillary force, realizing high-quality recycling of biomass resources. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zirconium carbide coating can improve water evaporation efficiency, resulting in a high-efficiency solar adsorption-filtration evaporator.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A high-efficiency solar adsorption-filtration evaporator includes a photothermal coating evaporator, a water supply pipe, and an adsorption circulation and regeneration adsorber arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The adsorption circulation and regeneration adsorber is a sponge composite material made of cattail leaf powder filled with PVB as binder and 30-60ppi polyurethane sponge as substrate, using cattail leaf powder as raw material. The water supply pipe is obtained by vertically binding and fixing long strips of cattail after treatment with a NaOH / urea mixed solution at a mass ratio of 7:(10-12). The photothermal coating evaporator is obtained by cutting a portion of the water supply pipe, carbonizing it, coating the outer layer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zirconium carbide suspension, and then air-drying it.

[0009] Furthermore, the photothermal coating evaporator, the water supply pipe, and the adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber are in contact and fixed together.

[0010] Furthermore, the water supply pipe is a column with a height of 30-40mm and a diameter of 80-120mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the photothermal coating evaporator is a column with a height of 5-15mm and a diameter of 80-120mm.

[0012] A method for preparing a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Using cattail, a perennial aquatic or marsh herbaceous plant, as raw material, PVB as binder, and 30-60 pp i polyurethane sponge as substrate, an adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber made of cattail leaf powder-filled sponge composite material is prepared.

[0014] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 40-60mm high and 5-15mm wide according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution with a mass ratio of 7:(10-12) and then bundle and fix them into columnar water conveying pipes with a diameter of 80-120mm.

[0015] Step 3: After carbonizing the upper 5-15mm section of the water supply pipe, coat the outer layer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zirconium carbide suspension and air-dry at room temperature to form a photothermal coating evaporator.

[0016] Step 4: The photothermal coating evaporator, the remaining part of the water pipeline prepared in Step 2 after being cut off in Step 3, and the adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber are assembled and fixed from top to bottom to obtain a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention provides a high-efficiency solar adsorption-filtration evaporator and its preparation method. Using cattail as raw material, it constructs an adsorption-regeneration adsorber, a water supply pipeline, and a photothermal coating evaporator, assembled in a modular manner. This solar adsorption-filtration evaporator is low-cost, simple in its preparation process, and exhibits excellent performance. Cattail leaves possess a well-developed aeration structure, and their porous structure forms efficient water supply channels through capillary force, enabling high-quality recycling of biomass resources. Natural biomass raw materials facilitate degradation and absorption, reducing pollution. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a zirconium carbide coating improve water evaporation efficiency. The solar adsorption-filtration evaporator of this invention achieves a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, demonstrating high evaporation efficiency and broadening the application fields of solar evaporation. The three-component device facilitates component replacement, promoting utilization and providing solutions to the problems of agricultural and forestry waste recycling and incineration pollution.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the evaporator unit casing construction.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator and device.

[0024] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0025] 1. Adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber; 2. Water supply pipeline; 3. Photothermal coating evaporator Detailed Implementation

[0026] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] like Figure 1-3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the present invention. The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments 1-7.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution at a mass ratio of 7:12, then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water five times. Next, place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into powder with a particle size of 100 mesh. Add 50g of cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol, then magnetically stir at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and magnetically stir for 30 minutes, then ultrasonically vibrate to mix evenly, preparing a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 10mm into the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and magnetically stir for 2 hours. Then remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent, i.e., adsorption cycle regeneration adsorbent 1.

[0031] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes 2 with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0032] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125g of zirconium carbide in 1ml of aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section from top to bottom of a 50mm diameter, water pipe along its growth direction and place it in a tube furnace at 500℃ for 2h for carbonization. After carbonization, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h and then uniformly coat the cross-section with ZrC-Mcnt suspension. Dry at room temperature for 24h to obtain the photothermal coating evaporator 3.

[0033] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the liquid surface. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp for evaporation and filtration. Collect the condensate after filtration to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing shows that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of up to 85%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.53-0.68 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.4-0.49 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0036] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0037] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.25g of zirconium carbide in 1ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section of a 50mm diameter water delivery pipe from top to bottom along the growth direction and place it in a tube furnace at 500℃ for 2h for carbonization. After carbonization, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h before uniformly coating the cross-section with ZrC-Mcnt suspension and drying at room temperature for 24h.

[0038] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the liquid surface. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp for evaporation and filtration. Collect the condensate after filtration to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing shows that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of up to 87%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.55-0.75 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.42-0.53 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0041] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0042] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125 g of zirconium carbide in 1 ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30 min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Coat the cross-section of the water delivery channel uniformly with the ZrC-Mcnt suspension and dry at room temperature for 24 h.

[0043] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorbent, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Secure the foam cylinder with a support and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorbent floats on the liquid surface. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp to simulate sunlight for evaporation and filtration. Collect the filtered condensate to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing showed that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of 68%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.43-0.48 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.29-0.32 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0044] Example 4

[0045] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0046] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0047] Step 3: Preparation of an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125g of zirconium carbide in 2ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section of a 50mm diameter, water-carrying pipe along its growth direction from top to bottom. Coat the cut surface of this section uniformly with a ZrC-Mcnt suspension, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h, and then place it in a tube furnace at 500℃ for 2h for carbonization.

[0048] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the liquid surface. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp to simulate sunlight for evaporation and filtration. Collect the filtered condensate to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing showed that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of up to 86%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.54-0.71 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.41-0.51 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0049] Example 5

[0050] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0051] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0052] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125g of zirconium carbide in 1ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section of a 50mm diameter water delivery pipe from top to bottom along the growth direction and place it in a tube furnace at 600℃ for 2h for carbonization. After carbonization, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h, then uniformly coat the cross-section with ZrC-Mcnt suspension and dry at room temperature for 24h.

[0053] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the liquid surface. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp for evaporation and filtration. Collect the filtered condensate to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing showed that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of up to 85.6%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.54-0.70 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.41-0.5 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0054] Example 6

[0055] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0056] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0057] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125g of zirconium carbide in 1ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section of a 50mm diameter, water-carrying pipe from top to bottom along the growth direction and place it in a tube furnace at 700℃ for 2h for carbonization. After carbonization, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h before uniformly coating the cross-section with a ZrC-Mcnt suspension and drying at room temperature for 24h.

[0058] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the surface of the liquid. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp for evaporation and filtration. Collect the condensate after filtration to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing showed that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of up to 85.1%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.53-0.69 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.4-0.49 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0059] Example 7

[0060] Step 1: Pre-treat cattail leaves with a NaOH / urea mixed solution (7:12 by mass), then rinse and dry them repeatedly with ultrapure water (5 times). Place the cleaned cattail leaves in a pulverizer and pulverize them into 100-mesh powder. Add 50g of the cattail leaf powder to 75ml of 95% ethanol and stir thoroughly. Weigh a certain amount of PVB and add it to 75ml of 95% ethanol. Stir magnetically at 30℃ for 1 hour to form a sol. Add the cattail leaf ethanol suspension to the PVB sol and stir magnetically for 30 minutes. Then, mix evenly using ultrasonic vibration to prepare a cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension. Immerse a pre-treated sponge block (50mm diameter, 10mm high) in the cattail leaf powder@PVB suspension and stir magnetically for 2 hours. Then, remove the sponge and dry it in a 60℃ oven for 30 minutes to obtain a cattail leaf powder@PVB@MS filter adsorbent.

[0061] Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 50mm high and 10mm wide, with uniform width, according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution of 7:12 by mass, wash and dry them, and then bundle them into water pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. The outer wall of the pipe is fixed with a foam board bracket.

[0062] Step 3: Prepare an aqueous dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Dissolve 0.125g of zirconium carbide in 1ml of the aqueous dispersion and ultrasonically disperse at room temperature for 30min to prepare a ZrC-Mcnt photothermal coating. Cut a 50mm diameter, 10mm high section of a 50mm diameter water delivery pipe from top to bottom along the growth direction and place it in a tube furnace at 800℃ for 2h for carbonization. After carbonization, allow it to stand at room temperature for 2h before uniformly coating the cross-section with ZrC-Mcnt suspension and drying at room temperature for 24h.

[0063] Step 4: Stack the cattail leaf powder@pvb@MS filter adsorber, water supply pipe, and photothermal coating evaporator sequentially into the open foam cylinder below. Fix the foam cylinder with a bracket and adjust its height to prepare a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator. Place the bottom of the foam cylinder into a container containing the liquid to be filtered, so that the lower adsorption circulation regeneration adsorber floats on the surface of the liquid. Place the entire device under a xenon lamp for evaporation and filtration. Collect the condensate after filtration to obtain filtered fresh water. Testing showed that the high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator prepared in this embodiment can achieve a methylene blue adsorption removal rate of over 95%, an evaporation efficiency of 83%, and an average daily fresh water volume per unit area (0.50-0.64 kg / m² on sunny days). -2 Cloudy weather, 0.37-0.45 kg / m³ -2 ).

[0064] The above description provides examples of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Parts not detailed herein are common knowledge to those skilled in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims. Any equivalent modifications based on the technical teachings of the present invention are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator, characterized in that, The device includes a photothermal coating evaporator (3), a water supply pipe (2), and an adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber (1) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber (1) uses an ethanol suspension of cattail leaf powder treated with a NaOH / urea mixed solution at a mass ratio of 7:12 as raw material, and a cattail leaf powder-filled sponge composite material prepared with PVB as binder and 30-60ppi polyurethane sponge as substrate. The water supply pipe (2) is obtained by vertically binding and fixing long strips of cattail treated with a NaOH / urea mixed solution at a mass ratio of 7:10-12. The photothermal coating evaporator (3) is obtained by cutting a portion of the water supply pipe (2), carbonizing it, coating the outer layer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zirconium carbide suspension, and then air-drying it.

2. The high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photothermal coating evaporator (3), water supply pipe (2), and adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber (1) are fixed in contact.

3. The high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe (2) is a column with a height of 30-40mm and a diameter of 80-120mm.

4. The high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photothermal coating evaporator (3) is a column with a height of 5-15 mm and a diameter of 80-120 mm.

5. A method for preparing a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Using an ethanol suspension of pulverized cattail leaf powder treated with a NaOH / urea mixed solution at a mass ratio of 7:12 as raw material, and using PVB as binder and 30-60ppi polyurethane sponge as substrate, an adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber filled with cattail leaf powder composite material is prepared. Step 2: Cut the cattail leaves into long strips 40-60mm high and 5-15mm wide according to the growth direction. Pre-treat them with a NaOH / urea mixed solution with a mass ratio of 7:10-12 and then tie them into columnar water pipes with a diameter of 80-120mm (2). Step 3: After carbonizing the upper 5-15mm portion of the water supply pipe (2), coat the outer layer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zirconium carbide suspension and air dry at room temperature to form a photothermal coating evaporator. Step 4: After the photothermal coating evaporator (3), the water pipeline (2) prepared in step 2 was cut off in step 3, and the adsorption cycle regeneration adsorber (1) are assembled and fixed from top to bottom to obtain a high-efficiency solar adsorption filter evaporator.

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