An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit support technology, specifically relating to an adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system. The invention includes transverse support rods and single-limb telescopic rods, with two single-limb telescopic rods working together to form a V-shaped support component. The transverse support rods and single-limb telescopic rods arranged in the same plane form a single layer of support modules, each module mounted on a corresponding vertical column. Each single-limb telescopic rod includes a fixed section and a jacking section, with the jacking section comprising jacking components and compensating components arranged axially in sequence. The jacking components contain an intermediate medium and a semiconductor cooling chip. The compensating components rely on the adjusting gear at the tail end of a reduction gearbox to drive the head amplifying gear, which in turn drives the amplifying rack to generate a jacking force compensation action along the axial direction of the single-limb telescopic rod. This invention facilitates the overall stress distribution of the support structure, thereby ensuring the integrity, stability, and operational safety of the foundation pit soil, while simultaneously possessing advantages such as high construction flexibility, low turnover cost, and low noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit support technology, specifically relating to an adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system. Background Technology

[0002] Foundation pit support is a crucial part of the construction process for buildings and structures; it not only affects the economic efficiency of the entire construction but also its safety. Foundation pit support typically includes concrete support structures and steel support structures. Traditional concrete support structures cannot be reused, which is detrimental to reducing carbon emissions and has poor economic efficiency. While traditional steel support structures can be reused, their load-bearing capacity is weak, and they cannot reliably cope with changes in the surrounding environment and the properties of the supporting soil throughout the construction process. This is a practical problem that neither type of support can solve. Furthermore, regardless of the type of support, other significant problems include: First, the structural stability of the surrounding soil during construction due to soil creep and changes in the surrounding environment. Soil creep and stability issues are significant throughout the entire construction cycle of a foundation pit in complex environments. Traditional foundation pit support, due to its inflexible geometric dimensions, cannot adapt to changes in soil stress and deformation, resulting in low support efficiency and foundation pit instability. Second, traditional foundation pit support suffers from poor in-plane deformation stability. Traditional foundation pit support structures employ a quadrilateral support structure with a cross-shaped longitudinal and transverse strut system. Under uneven soil stress, mechanical impact, or seismic loads, this structure is prone to in-plane instability and deformation. Thirdly, traditional foundation pit support structures suffer from difficulties in adjusting geometric dimensions, poor reusability, and significant pollution. Traditional foundation pit support structures are manufactured using cast-in-place or one-time molding methods, making it difficult to adjust geometric dimensions according to different foundation pit requirements, resulting in low reusability and high construction costs. Furthermore, the dismantling of traditional one-time foundation pit support structures after foundation pit construction generates a large amount of construction waste, severely polluting the environment. Fourthly, traditional foundation pit support structures generate significant noise and sound pollution during the application of jacking forces. In urban construction, traditional foundation pit support structures often use hydraulic jacks, producing enormous noise and causing severe sound pollution. Finally, traditional foundation pit support structures also suffer from the problem of excessively long vertical columns. Traditional foundation pit support structures often employ vertical columns in the form of lattice columns, I-beams, or H-beams to reduce costs, accelerate construction, and facilitate construction. However, due to the weight of the support structure, especially when multiple support structures are used, the load-bearing capacity of the vertical columns is often insufficient. To increase the load-bearing capacity of the vertical columns, their length needs to be increased, which inevitably increases construction costs and hinders the driving of the columns. Clearly, all of these problems urgently require effective solutions to ensure the stability and safety of the soil supporting the foundation pit, minimize the number of times the support structure needs to be reused and reduce construction noise, and even ensure the load-bearing capacity of the vertical columns while maintaining their length, ultimately guaranteeing the actual construction results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system, which is beneficial to the overall stress of the support structure, thereby ensuring the integrity, stability and operational safety of the foundation pit soil, while also having the advantages of high construction flexibility, low turnover cost and low noise.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system is characterized by: comprising two horizontal support rods arranged in the same plane and two single-limb telescopic rods cooperating within the two horizontal support rods, the two single-limb telescopic rods forming a V-shaped support component; the horizontal support rods and single-limb telescopic rods arranged in the same plane form a layer of support modules, each support module being mounted on a corresponding vertical column, thereby forming a three-dimensional foundation pit support system, wherein:

[0006] Each single-limb telescopic rod includes fixed sections at both ends and a jacking section between the two sets of fixed sections. The jacking section includes jacking components and compensating components arranged axially in sequence. The jacking component contains an intermediate medium and relies on a semiconductor cooling chip to achieve the switching of the intermediate medium between liquid and solid states. The compensating component relies on the tail power end gear of the adjustment reduction gearbox to drive the head amplifying end gear to drive the amplifying rack to generate a jacking force compensation action along the axial direction of the single-limb telescopic rod.

[0007] Preferably, a vertical groove is arranged along the length direction on the vertical column, so that the vertical guide block can generate a sliding guide action; a support platform extends horizontally at the vertical guide block, and a support groove is arranged on the support platform; the length direction of the support groove is parallel to the length direction of the transverse support rod, thereby forming a mounting end for the corresponding transverse support rod to be mounted.

[0008] Preferably, a hinge baffle is provided at the bottom of the vertical column, and the opening direction of the hinge baffle after it is hinged open points downwards from the vertical column; an anti-rotation buckle is slidably fitted inside the vertical column along its own length direction, and the outer wall of the anti-rotation buckle extends radially outwards and bends towards the hinge end of the hinge baffle, thereby utilizing the wedge-shaped block of the bent part to cooperate with the pre-set wedge-shaped opening at the hinge baffle, and then through the wedge-shaped block and the wedge-shaped opening wedge-shaped surface guiding cooperation, when the anti-rotation buckle is driven to perform an upward movement, it drives the hinge baffle to open; a pull rope is fixed to the top of the anti-rotation buckle, and the pull rope extends upwards to the control end at the top of the vertical column.

[0009] Preferably, the pull rope is a steel wire rope, and the control end includes a tension bolt coaxially fixed to the top of the pull rope. After passing through the positioning platform at the top of the vertical column, the tension bolt forms a screw-nut engagement with the tension nut, thereby driving the pull rope and the anti-rotation buckle to move upward by rotating the tension nut. A stabilizing steel wire with a necked section is also fixed at the vertical column. One end of the stabilizing steel wire is fixed to the vertical column, and the other end extends downward along the length of the vertical column and is fixed at the anti-rotation buckle. An axial force sensor for monitoring the upward tension and a displacement sensor for monitoring the upward distance of the tension bolt relative to the vertical column are arranged at the pull rope or tension bolt.

[0010] Preferably, each single-limb telescopic rod has a hinged seat at both ends, and the hinge axis of the hinged seat is perpendicular to the axis of the single-limb telescopic rod and the length direction of the transverse support rod; the hinged seat and the transverse support rod form a reciprocating motion fit along the length direction of the transverse support rod, and the position of the hinged seat relative to the transverse support rod can be locked by a locking member until the two single-limb telescopic rods cooperate to form a V-shaped support member.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing member includes a piston cylinder and a piston rod that reciprocates within the piston cylinder via a piston. The piston and piston cylinder enclose a cavity for storing an intermediate medium. A semiconductor cooling chip, which can switch between heating and cooling functions by changing its positive and negative electrodes, is arranged within this cavity, and one working surface of the semiconductor cooling chip contacts the intermediate medium. A cooling copper sheet extends into the cavity from the working surface of the semiconductor cooling chip that contacts the intermediate medium. A water supply pipe is provided through the piston cylinder to communicate with the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the first gear of the reduction gearbox meshes with a gear-amplifying rack, and the gear-amplifying rack passes through the gearbox housing and is fixed to a pusher, a fixed section, or a transverse support rod; the last gear of the reduction gearbox meshes with a power rack, and the top of the power rack extends out of the gearbox housing and forms an independent engagement with the power end of a linear power source; the linear power source includes a positioning frame fixed to the outer wall of the housing, the top of the power rack extends outward along the positioning frame and the extended section forms a power screw, and a threaded sleeve is rotatably fitted at a passage hole on the positioning frame through which the power screw passes, forming a screw-nut engagement between the threaded sleeve and the power screw; the threaded... The top of the sleeve is coaxially fitted with an upper adjusting nut and a lower adjusting nut with an axial gap. The inner ring of each adjusting nut is splined. The outer wall of the threaded sleeve is coaxially provided with an upper convex ring for forming a rotary fit with the upper adjusting nut and a lower convex ring for forming a rotary fit with the lower adjusting nut. Each convex ring is provided with a one-way pawl, so that a ratchet pawl fit structure is formed by the one-way pawl and the keyway at the corresponding adjusting nut. At this time, the one-way stopping directions of the upper adjusting nut and the lower adjusting nut are opposite to each other. With the end of the gearbox where the booster rack is located as the front end, a pressure sensor for monitoring the axial force value of the booster rack is arranged at the front end of the gearbox.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed section is an H-shaped channel steel and is placed at both ends of the pushing section. Guide rails and guide blocks are arranged in the slots on both sides of the fixed section. The two ends of the intermediate plate extend to the guide rails and guide blocks of the two sets of fixed sections respectively and form a sliding rail guiding relationship with the guide rails and guide blocks. There are two sets of intermediate plates, which respectively cooperate with the guide rails and guide blocks at the slots on both sides of the fixed section. The pushing section is fixed in the area between the two sets of intermediate plates, and the two ends of the pushing section are respectively installed on the adjacent ends of the two sets of fixed sections.

[0014] Preferably, a dovetail-shaped rail is arranged at the transverse support rod, with its width gradually increasing from the fixed end to the cantilever end. A dovetail guide groove is recessed at the hinge seat to be inserted into the rail. A guide rack is arranged on the rail along the length of the transverse support rod, and a locking block is arranged at the dovetail guide groove. The locking block and the guide rack cooperate to form the locking element. An electromagnet is also provided at the hinge seat. The electromagnet and the locking block are both sleeved on a directional shaft. A compression spring is sleeved on the section of the directional shaft between the electromagnet and the locking block. When the electromagnet is energized, it overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring to attract the locking block, causing the positioning teeth at the locking block to disengage from the guide rack. An anti-rotation fit is formed between the directional shaft or the locking block and the hinge seat.

[0015] Preferably, the actual required number n of jacking members on a single single-limb telescopic rod within a single set of V-shaped support members is obtained by the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] n = [χ] + 1

[0018] in:

[0019] χ represents the theoretically required number of jacking components.

[0020] γ is the reduction factor for active earth pressure on the soil.

[0021] E a This refers to the active earth pressure borne by this single V-shaped support component;

[0022] k1 is the axial linear stiffness of the solid intermediate medium inside the jacking component;

[0023] k2 is the equivalent axial stiffness of the steel-concrete composite tube after replacing the single-limb telescopic rod with steel-concrete composite tube.

[0024] k3 is the common axial linear stiffness of the two sets of intermediate plates on a single-limb telescopic rod;

[0025] β is the reduction factor of axial force caused by slippage in the anchorage zone;

[0026] α is the angle between the plane containing the single telescopic rod and the vertical and horizontal support rod;

[0027] l0 is the axial length of the liquid inside the cavity of a single pusher component;

[0028] n represents the actual number of jacking components required for operation;

[0029] [χ] is the integer function for x.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention, by incorporating a single-limb telescopic rod, enables active control of soil stress and deformation, thereby improving the stability and safety of the foundation pit soil. Furthermore, unlike traditional, noisy hydraulic cylinder-driven structures, this invention utilizes the significant volume expansion of an intermediate medium, such as water, upon freezing to achieve the jacking force during the application of the jacking force. Compared to traditional hydraulic devices, this invention is quieter, producing no noise and no exhaust fumes.

[0032] More importantly, considering the standardized design and ease of use of the jacking components, the force provided by a set of jacking components is often an integer multiple, such as 10 tons. However, in actual support work, it is impossible to have an integer multiple of the required jacking force. At this time, a compensating component is needed to compensate for the additional force. In other words, this invention forms the jacking component as a coarse adjustment component, using its water freezing function to ensure a large-scale, coarse supply of force; the compensating component forms a fine adjustment component to achieve a relatively continuous and fine adjustment of the jacking force based on the above coarse adjustment, that is, online precise adjustment to ensure the accuracy and stability of the work.

[0033] Meanwhile, the V-shaped support members in this invention are arranged in an alternating pattern, and further reinforced by out-of-plane constraint boundaries formed by transverse support rods. This reduces the calculated length of the support members while creating a geometrically invariant and stable planar support system, significantly improving the planar stability and integrity of the support structure. This is beneficial for the overall stress distribution of the support structure and prevents overall collapse due to uneven stress on individual members. Furthermore, the V-shaped support members allow for flexible adjustment of the support structure's geometric dimensions, increasing the number of times the foundation pit support can be reused, reducing resource waste, and lowering overall construction costs.

[0034] Furthermore, this invention replaces traditional lattice columns or I-beams with vertical columns equipped with hinge baffles. The controllable opening and closing of the hinge baffles significantly increases the vertical bearing capacity of the vertical columns, thereby reducing the driving depth and facilitating the construction of foundation pit support structures. Axial force sensors can even be used to detect the breakage of the tension wire, while displacement sensors can control the opening and closing range of the hinge baffles. The combination of these two technologies maximizes accurate operation from higher locations to lower, less visible locations buried deep underground. The invention offers a low operational threshold, high flexibility, and significant effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the V-shaped support component;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the rail at the transverse support rod;

[0038] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the fit between the hinged seat and the rail.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hinged seat;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the engagement state of the directional shaft and the locking block;

[0041] Figure 8 Diagram showing the fit between the fixed section, compensating component, and jacking component on a single-limb telescopic rod;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a sectional view of the jacking component;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the compensation component;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the two adjusting nuts in their assembled state;

[0045] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view showing the fit between the two adjusting nuts and the threaded sleeve;

[0046] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A half-section view;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the fit between the intermediate plate and the guide rail and guide block at the fixed section.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of a vertical column;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the control end at the top of the vertical column;

[0050] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A sectional view;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the coordination of the hinge baffle, anti-rotation buckle, and stabilizing steel wire at the bottom of the vertical column.

[0052] Figure 19 Diagram showing the hinge baffle in open position;

[0053] Figure 20 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the stop-rotation buckle;

[0054] Figure 21 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hinge baffle.

[0055] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the support platform on the vertical column.

[0056] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in this invention is as follows:

[0057] 10-Single-limb telescopic rod; 11-Fixed section; 12-Pushing component; 12a-Semiconductor cooling chip; 12b-Piston cylinder; 12c-Piston rod; 12d-Cooling copper sheet; 12e-Water supply pipe; 13-Compensating component; 13a-Tail power end gear; 13b-Head force-increasing end gear; 13c-Force-increasing rack; 13d-Power rack; 13e-Positioning frame; 13f-Power lead screw; 13g-Threaded sleeve; 13h-Upper adjusting nut; 13i-Lower adjusting nut; 13j-One-way pawl; 13k-Pressure sensor; 14-Hinge seat; 14a-Dovetail guide groove; 14b-Clamping block; 14c-Electromagnet; 14d-Directional shaft; 14e-Compression spring; 15-Guide block; 16-Intermediate plate;

[0058] 20 - Lateral support rod; 21 - Rail; 21a - Guide rack;

[0059] 30-Vertical column; 31-Vertical groove; 32-Support platform; 33-Support groove; 34-Hinge baffle; 34a-Wedge-shaped opening; 35-Anti-rotation buckle; 35a-Wedge block; 36-Pull rope; 37a-Tightening bolt; 37b-Tightening nut; 37c-Axial force sensor; 37d-Displacement sensor; 38-Positioning table; 39-Stabilizing steel wire. Detailed Implementation

[0060] For ease of understanding, this section combines... Figure 1-22 The specific structure and operation of the present invention are further described below:

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention ultimately forms an adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system, which refers to... Figure 1 As shown, it is an improvement on the traditional foundation pit support structure; the system includes horizontal support rods 20, V-shaped support components and vertical columns 30, etc.

[0062] in:

[0063] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the transverse support rod 20 is formed by welding double webs to form an H-beam or a II-beam. The II-beam cavity is then reinforced with carbon fiber concrete. If necessary, the carbon fiber concrete can be reliably connected to the double-web I-beam via connecting keys to form a unified load-bearing structure. The combination of carbon fiber concrete and steel significantly increases the axial stiffness of the support structure and enhances its load-bearing capacity to some extent. This helps to cope with unexpected increases in axial force caused by changes in the external environment and soil properties during service, thus improving the safety reserve of the support structure. Simultaneously, adding carbon fiber to the concrete improves its integrity, preventing breakage during handling and reducing shrinkage cracks during hardening. The double-web welded H-beam has rails 21 welded to its outer sides in a specific sequence to fix the V-shaped support members. This allows for adjustable angles and lateral movement of the V-shaped support members, ensuring a more rational load-bearing capacity while meeting the excavation space requirements for foundation pit construction.

[0064] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the V-shaped support member consists of two single-limb telescopic rods 10 of the same length, forming a "V" shape on the plane containing the two transverse support rods 20. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown, multiple V-shaped support members are arranged alternately in the transverse direction of the foundation pit excavation. This arrangement ensures sufficient excavation space for the foundation pit construction while also creating a geometrically invariant structure between adjacent transverse support members (20 members each). This not only increases the overall integrity of the support structure but also prevents catastrophic foundation pit support failure due to unexpected internal forces in individual transverse support members during construction. A similar layout can be used in actual construction. Figure 1 The arrangement of the support modules, which have two or more layers, is shown. Each support module is mounted on a corresponding vertical column 30, thus forming a three-dimensional foundation pit support system.

[0065] like Figure 8 and Figure 14 As shown, the single-limb telescopic rod 10 includes two sets of fixed sections 11 and an intermediate plate 16 that connects the two sets of fixed sections 11 via guide rails and guide blocks 15. The hollow cavity formed by the Type II structure at the fixed section 11 can be equipped with transverse diaphragms at intervals to increase the local stability of the steel plate; alternatively, concrete can be directly poured into the cavity. Furthermore, each end of the single-limb telescopic rod 10 has a hardened round rod, which cooperates with the hinge seat 14 to anchor the single-limb telescopic rod 10. A corresponding space is provided at the location of the intermediate plate 16 in the middle of the single-limb telescopic rod 10 to store the jacking component 12 and the compensation component 13.

[0066] like Figure 3-7 As shown, the dovetail guide groove 14a on the hinge seat 14 engages with the rail 21 via a locking mechanism. This locking mechanism includes a directional shaft 14d and a locking block 14b, supplemented by an electromagnet 14c. Its function is to connect the V-shaped support member and the entire transverse support structure together. When the electromagnet 14c is opened, the locking block 14b, under the action of electromagnetic force, presses against the compression spring 14e and moves upward as a whole. At this time, the locking mechanism can slide axially along the directional shaft 14d until it disengages from the guide rack 21a. The position of the single-limb telescopic rod 10 on the transverse support rod 20 can then be adjusted. Conversely, when the electromagnet 14c is closed, under the action of the compression spring 14e, the locking block 14b moves downward under the action of electromagnetic force. At this time, the locking mechanism re-locks itself onto the guide rack 21a on the rail 21.

[0067] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the actual design of the pusher 12 includes a steel inner liner, a steel protective outer jacket, a piston, a semiconductor cooling chip 12a, a heat-conducting copper sheet 12d, a sealing rubber ring, heat insulation material, a water external circulation interface, and wires, etc. The steel inner liner forms a cavity, which is pre-filled with water as an intermediate medium. By energizing the semiconductor cooling chip 12a, the water can be rapidly frozen, causing its volume to expand, thereby pushing the piston to move. This, in turn, causes the piston rod 12c to move forward relative to the piston cylinder 12b, ultimately applying the push force. The heat-conducting copper sheet 12d is used for rapid heat exchange between the water and the semiconductor cooling chip 12a. The water external circulation interface is used to connect to the water supply pipe 12e to realize heat exchange between the pusher 12 and the outside world or water replenishment. By reversing the two wires of the semiconductor cooling chip 12a, the ice inside the steel inner liner can be converted into water, thereby unloading the push force.

[0068] like Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, the compensation component 13 includes a reduction gearbox, also known as a power changer, which is generally composed of gears and racks. By means of the continuous force change of multiple gears, a larger axial force at one end can be converted into a smaller force at the other end, and a smaller axial strain at one end can be converted into a larger displacement at the other end, thus facilitating the manual and continuous adjustment of axial force by construction personnel. It eliminates the need for heavy and space-consuming machine operation, and while ensuring a compact structure, it also meets the requirements for fast and flexible operation in small spaces, making it very suitable for the environment in which this invention is located.

[0069] In addition, such as Figure 10-13 As shown, a special nut device, namely an adjusting nut, is provided on the threaded section of the power rack 13d. During construction, the operator inserts the force-applying rod into the mating hole of the adjusting nut 13i at the positioning bracket 13e, and rocks the force-applying rod forward. This tightens the threaded sleeve 13g via the ratchet and pawl mechanism formed by the one-way pawl 13j. At this time, the power screw 13f moves downward, driving the power rack 13d downward. The force is then transmitted forward through the tail power end gear 13a to the head amplifying end gear 13b and the amplifying rack 13c, ultimately achieving force amplification adjustment. Conversely, the operator inserts the force-applying rod into the upper adjusting nut 13h, and rocks the force-applying rod backward to loosen the upper adjusting nut 13h, thereby reducing the force. In addition, a pressure sensor 13k is installed at the end of the power box for intelligent detection of the axial force of the rod. The pawls of the lower adjusting nut 13i and the upper adjusting nut 13h are positioned in opposite directions to achieve the above-mentioned action function.

[0070] like Figure 15-21As shown, the vertical column 30 is entirely composed of H-beams, with an opening hinge baffle 34 at the bottom. The upper part of the vertical column 30 has a tension bolt 37a and a tension nut 37b located on the positioning platform 38, forming a screw-nut engagement to achieve real-time lifting of the thick steel wire rope, i.e., the pull rope 36, thereby lifting the anti-rotation buckle 35 at the hinge baffle 34. A displacement sensor 37d at the upper part of the vertical column 30 is used to control the lifting height of the anti-rotation buckle 35. During operation, an axial steel pipe can be considered to protect the thick steel wire rope, i.e., the pull rope 36, inside. The upper part of the pull rope 36 is connected to the threaded tension bolt 37a, and the lower part is connected to the anti-rotation buckle 35. An axial force sensor 37c is located at the upper part of the pull rope 36 to determine whether the stabilizing steel wire 39 is broken during the tightening of the tension nut 37b. The anti-rotation clip 35 serves two purposes: first, it inhibits the rotation of the hinge baffle 34 before the stabilizing wire 39 breaks; second, during the installation of the vertical column 30, after the stabilizing wire 39 breaks, the wedge block 35a and the wedge opening 34a provide a forced rotational displacement to the hinge baffle 34, causing it to open automatically under soil resistance. The hinge baffle 34, once open, significantly increases the cross-section of the vertical column 30, thereby increasing its vertical bearing capacity. When the vertical column 30 is pulled out, since the stabilizing wire 39 has broken, the anti-rotation clip 35 no longer obstructs the movement of the hinge baffle 34, allowing it to automatically close under soil resistance during upward movement, facilitating the removal of the vertical column 30. In other words, the function of the stabilizing steel wire 39 is only to hold the anti-rotation buckle 35 during the installation of the vertical column 30, so as to prevent the hinge baffle 34 from being accidentally opened due to the upward movement of the anti-rotation buckle 35 during the installation of the vertical column 30, thereby affecting the normal installation of the vertical column 30; once the neck section is subjected to force and breaks, it loses its restraining effect on the hinge baffle 34.

[0071] like Figure 22 As shown, vertical grooves 31 are arranged along the length of the vertical column 30, allowing the vertical guide block to slide along a guide rail. A support platform 32, or support, extends horizontally from the vertical guide block. The support platform 32 is welded from rectangular steel pipes and has support grooves 33 on it. The purpose of this is to connect the horizontal support rods 20 and the vertical column 30 together, reducing the span of the horizontal support and improving the overall stability of the horizontal support and the integrity of the support structure.

[0072] Therefore, the overall installation process of this invention is as follows:

[0073] S1. Excavate the surface soil inside the foundation pit and install the retaining wall. Set out the vertical columns for construction.

[0074] S2, Assemble the vertical columns 30

[0075] During the assembly of the vertical column 30, firstly, the pull rope 36, equipped with an axial force sensor 37c and a tension bolt 37a, is threaded into the corresponding steel pipe of the vertical column 30, ensuring that the tension bolt 37a at the top of the pull rope 36 is tightened with the tension nut 37b at the positioning table 38. Then, the anti-rotation buckle 35 is placed into the corresponding groove and welded to the pull rope 36. Next, the hinge baffle 34 is rotated until it is flush with the outer surface of the vertical column 30, and the wedge block 35a on the anti-rotation buckle 35 is inserted into the wedge-shaped opening 34a at the upper part of the hinge baffle 34. Then, the stabilizing steel wire 39 is inserted... Figure 18 At the corresponding positions shown, tighten the fixing screws of the stabilizing steel wire 39 to ensure that the stabilizing steel wire 39 is taut against the anti-rotation buckle 35 and the vertical column 30, while the hinge baffle 34 is in the closed state. Finally, initially tighten the tension nut 37b of the vertical column 30 and install the displacement sensor 37d.

[0076] S3, Piling machine drives vertical columns 30

[0077] When the vertical column 30 is almost driven to the target construction elevation, the construction worker manually tightens the tension nut 37b at the top of the vertical column 30 until the tension wire 39 breaks. This process can be monitored by the axial force sensor 37c. Then, the tension nut 37b is continued to be tightened until the anti-rotation clip 35 pulls out of the hinge baffle 34 a certain distance. This process can be monitored by the displacement sensor 37d. During the upward movement of the anti-rotation clip 35, the hinge baffle 34 will be forced to rotate by the wedge block 35a to achieve the desired effect. Figure 19 As shown in the diagram. Next, continue driving the vertical column 30 a short distance until the hinge baffle 34 is fully open. This process is monitored by the piling machine's auxiliary equipment.

[0078] S4, Installation support platform 32

[0079] First, locate the support platform 32, then tighten the relevant bolts to position the support platform 32, and determine the width of the support groove 33.

[0080] S5. Install horizontal support rod 20

[0081] Install a horizontal support rod 20 on the support groove 33.

[0082] S6. Install V-shaped support components

[0083] like Figure 8As shown, the intermediate plate 16 is first fitted to the fixed section 11 via guide rails and guide blocks 15; the fixed section 11 is a welded double-web H-beam filled with carbon fiber concrete, forming a single-limb telescopic rod 10. Then, the number of jacking members 12 is selected according to the longitudinal spacing of the transverse support rods 20 and the included angle of the V-shaped support members; next, the jacking members 12 and the compensation members 13 are installed sequentially at the intermediate plate 16. Subsequently, the locking members and the hinge seat 14 are installed, and the tight fit between the hinge seat 14 and the rail 21 is ensured.

[0084] The other single-limb telescopic rod 10 of the V-shaped support member is installed using the same method.

[0085] Repeat step S6 to install the first foundation pit support structure, namely the remaining V-shaped support components of the first layer support module.

[0086] S7. Apply pre-jacking force

[0087] like Figure 10-13 As shown, firstly, based on the magnitude of the pre-jacking force, select the number of jacking components 12 connected to the power supply and apply the pre-jacking force. Then, rotate the lower adjusting nut 13i on the reduction gearbox at the compensation component 13 to ensure that the axial force in the rod reaches the target value. This process is monitored by the pressure sensor 13k. When it is necessary to remove the pre-jacking force, the upper adjusting nut 13h can be rotated for adjustment; next, rotate the threaded sleeve 13g to unload the force. Finally, the wires can be reversed to further eliminate the internal force in the jacking component 12, so as to facilitate the removal of the reduction gearbox and each jacking component 12.

[0088] S8. Excavate the remaining soil in this layer and the upper soil of the next layer, and repeat steps S4-S7 to install the second layer of support structure in the foundation pit, i.e., the second layer of support modules. Repeat this process until all layers of support modules are completed, achieving the purpose of installing the entire foundation pit support.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] Taking two load cases as examples, the calculation results are shown in Table 1:

[0091] Table 1

[0092]

[0093] As shown in Table 1 above, in actual calculations, this invention only requires basic measurable data to quickly obtain the actual quantity of relevant jacking components. The calculation process is highly efficient and concise, and ensures that the calculation results are within a reasonable range of accuracy, thus laying a solid foundation for the smooth progress of the project and achieving significant results.

[0094] Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also includes the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0095] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0096] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system, characterized in that: It includes two horizontal support rods (20) arranged in the same plane and two single-limb telescopic rods (10) that cooperate within the two horizontal support rods (20). The two single-limb telescopic rods (10) cooperate to form a V-shaped support component; the horizontal support rods (20) and single-limb telescopic rods (10) arranged in the same plane form a layer of support modules, and each support module is mounted on a corresponding vertical column (30), thereby forming a three-dimensional foundation pit support system, wherein: Each single-limb telescopic rod (10) includes a fixed section (11) at both ends and a pushing section between the two sets of fixed sections (11). The pushing section includes a pushing member (12) and a compensating member (13) arranged axially in sequence. The pushing member (12) has an intermediate medium inside and achieves the switching between liquid and solid states of the intermediate medium by means of a semiconductor cooling chip (12a). The compensating member (13) drives the first force-increasing end gear (13b) to drive the force-increasing rack (13c) to generate a pushing force compensation action along the axial direction of the single-limb telescopic rod (10) by means of the tail power end gear (13a) of the adjustment reduction gearbox. The bottom end of the vertical column (30) is provided with a hinge baffle (34), and the opening direction of the hinge baffle (34) after it is opened in a hinged manner points downward to the vertical column (30); the vertical column (30) is slidably fitted with an anti-rotation buckle (35) along its own length direction. The outer wall of the anti-rotation buckle (35) extends radially outward and bends towards the hinge end of the hinge baffle (34). The wedge block (35a) of the bent part cooperates with the pre-set wedge opening (34a) at the hinge baffle (34). Then, through the wedge surface guide cooperation between the wedge block (35a) and the wedge opening (34a), the anti-rotation buckle (35) is driven to move upward and drive the hinge baffle (34) to open; the top of the anti-rotation buckle (35) is fixed with a pull rope (36), and the pull rope (36) extends upward to the control end at the top of the vertical column (30).

2. The adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical column (30) is provided with a vertical groove (31) along its length direction, so that the vertical guide block can generate a sliding guide action; a support platform (32) extends horizontally at the vertical guide block, and a support groove (33) is provided on the support platform (32); the length direction of the support groove (33) is parallel to the length direction of the transverse support rod (20), so as to form a mounting end that can be mounted on the corresponding transverse support rod (20).

3. The adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rope (36) is a steel wire rope. The control end includes a tension bolt (37a) coaxially fixed to the top of the pull rope (36). The tension bolt (37a) passes through the positioning platform (38) at the top of the vertical column (30) and forms a screw-nut engagement with the tension nut (37b). Thus, the rotation of the tension nut (37b) drives the pull rope (36) and the anti-rotation buckle (35) to move upward. The vertical column (30) is also fixed with a... The necked section has a stabilizing steel wire (39), one end of which is fixed to the vertical column (30), and the other end extends downward along the length of the vertical column (30) and is fixed at the anti-rotation buckle (35); an axial force sensor (37c) for monitoring the upward tension and a displacement sensor (37d) for monitoring the upward distance of the tension bolt (37a) relative to the vertical column (30) are arranged at the pull rope (36) or the tension bolt (37a).

4. An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The pusher (12) includes a piston cylinder (12b) and a piston rod (12c) that reciprocates within the piston cylinder (12b) via a piston. The piston and piston cylinder (12b) enclose a cavity into which an intermediate medium can be stored. A semiconductor cooling chip (12a), which can switch between heating and cooling functions by changing the positive and negative electrodes, is arranged in the cavity, and one of the working surfaces of the semiconductor cooling chip (12a) contacts the intermediate medium. A cooling copper sheet (12d) extends into the cavity from the working surface of the semiconductor cooling chip (12a) that contacts the intermediate medium. A water supply pipe (12e) is provided through the piston cylinder (12b) to communicate with the cavity.

5. An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The first gear (13b) of the reduction gearbox meshes with the gear rack (13c). The gear rack (13c) passes through the gearbox housing and is fixed to the pusher (12), the fixed section (11), or the transverse support rod (20). The last gear (13a) of the reduction gearbox meshes with the power rack (13d). The top of the power rack (13d) extends out of the gearbox housing and forms an independent engagement with the power end of the linear power source. The linear power source includes a positioning frame (13e) fixed to the outer wall of the housing. The top of the power rack (13d) extends outward along the positioning frame (13e) and the extended section forms a power screw (13f). A threaded sleeve (13g) is rotatably fitted at the passage hole on the positioning frame (13e) through which the power screw (13f) passes. A threaded sleeve (13g) is formed between the threaded sleeve (13g) and the power screw (13f). The screw and nut are fitted together; the top of the threaded sleeve (13g) is coaxially fitted with an upper adjusting nut (13h) and a lower adjusting nut (13i) with an axial gap, and the inner ring of each adjusting nut is splined; the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (13g) is coaxially provided with an upper convex ring for forming a rotary fit with the upper adjusting nut (13h) and a lower convex ring for forming a rotary fit with the lower adjusting nut (13i), and each convex ring is provided with a one-way pawl (13j), so that a ratchet pawl fit structure is formed between the one-way pawl (13j) and the keyway at the corresponding adjusting nut. At this time, the one-way stopping directions of the upper adjusting nut (13h) and the lower adjusting nut (13i) are opposite to each other; with the end where the force-increasing rack (13c) of the reduction gearbox is located as the front end, a pressure sensor (13k) for monitoring the axial force value of the force-increasing rack (13c) is arranged at the front end of the reduction gearbox.

6. An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The fixed section (11) is an H-shaped channel steel and is placed at both ends of the push section. Guide rails and guide blocks (15) are arranged in the slots on both sides of the fixed section (11). The two ends of the intermediate plate (16) extend to the guide rails and guide blocks (15) of the two fixed sections (11) respectively and form a sliding rail guide relationship with the guide rails and guide blocks (15). The intermediate plate (16) consists of two sets and is respectively matched with the guide rails and guide blocks (15) at the slots on both sides of the fixed section (11). The push section is fixed in the area between the two intermediate plates (16) and the two ends of the push section are respectively installed on the adjacent ends of the two fixed sections (11).

7. An adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: Each single-limb telescopic rod (10) has a hinge seat (14) at both ends, and the hinge axis of the hinge seat (14) is perpendicular to the axis of the single-limb telescopic rod (10) and the length direction of the transverse support rod (20). The hinge seat (14) and the transverse support rod (20) form a reciprocating motion engagement along the length direction of the transverse support rod (20), and the position of the hinge seat (14) relative to the transverse support rod (20) can be locked by the locking member until the two single-limb telescopic rods (10) cooperate to form a V-shaped support member.

8. The adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A dovetail-shaped rail (21) with gradually increasing width from the fixed end to the cantilever end is arranged at the transverse support rod (20). A dovetail guide groove (14a) is recessed at the hinge seat (14) to be inserted into the rail (21). A guide rack (21a) is arranged on the rail (21) along the length direction of the transverse support rod (20). A locking block (14b) is arranged at the dovetail guide groove (14a). The locking block (14b) and the guide rack (21a) cooperate to form the locking element. An electromagnet (14c) is also provided at the hinge seat (14). Both the electromagnet (14c) and the locking block (14b) are mounted on the directional shaft (14d). A compression spring (14e) is mounted on a section of the directional shaft (14d) between the electromagnet (14c) and the locking block (14b). When the electromagnet (14c) is energized, it overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring (14e) to attract the locking block (14b), causing the positioning teeth at the locking block (14b) to disengage from the guide rack (21a). An anti-rotation fit is formed between the directional shaft (14d) or the locking block (14b) and the hinge seat (14).

9. The adaptive prefabricated steel structure foundation pit support system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The actual number of jacking members (12) required on a single single-limb telescopic rod (10) within a single set of V-shaped support components. n It can be obtained through the following formula: in: The number of pushers (12) required for theoretical operation; This is the reduction factor for active earth pressure on the soil. The active earth pressure borne by this single set of V-shaped support components; The axial linear stiffness of the solid intermediate medium inside the pusher (12); The equivalent axial stiffness of the steel-concrete composite tube after replacing the single-limb telescopic rod (10) with steel-concrete composite tube; The common axial stiffness of the two sets of intermediate plates (16) on a single single-limb telescopic rod (10); This is the reduction factor for axial force caused by slippage in the anchorage zone; The angle between the plane containing the single telescopic rod (10) and the vertical transverse support rod (20); The axial length of the liquid inside the cavity of a single pusher (12); The actual number of pushers (12) required for operation; [ For the purpose of x Integer function.

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