Anchoring cable unanchoring device and unanchoring method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an anchor cable unanchoring device and an unanchoring method thereof. When unanchoring, the safety stop seat is first removed from the lock, the tracked vehicle is remotely controlled to the lower side of the anchor cable in the roadway, the multi-shaft hydraulic arm of the tracked vehicle is remotely controlled, the bottom end of the hydraulic rod is abutted on the ground, the hydraulic rod is used to push the lock, the safety ring is sheared and damaged, the tray, the outer ring, the pressing ring and the damaged safety ring fall into the recovery frame fixed with the hydraulic rod, the multi-shaft hydraulic arm is adjusted in angle, and the recovered components in the recovery frame are poured into the recovery vehicle connected with the tracked vehicle; the tracked vehicle is remotely controlled to the lower side of the next anchor cable, and the above process is repeated. The unanchoring device is impacted by the unmanned unanchoring equipment, the safety ring is damaged, and the unanchoring work is completed. By the method, the safety hidden trouble problem caused by manual operation can be avoided, the unanchoring work can be completed with greater adaptability, most environments requiring unanchoring are adapted to, and the unanchoring speed is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anchor cable unanchoring device and a method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine roadway support, cable anchoring is a commonly used, economical, safe, and efficient support method, playing an irreplaceable role in stabilizing the surrounding rock. As one of the most important support methods, in areas requiring permanent support, cable anchors need to provide stable and reliable anchoring. However, in temporary support areas, such as roadways in coal mine working faces, the cable anchors in the working face not only need to maintain reliable anchoring before working face extraction to control the deformation of the surrounding rock, but also need to be unanchored after working face extraction to allow the roof area to collapse in a timely manner, avoiding safety hazards caused by large-area roof overhang. However, due to the complex conditions in working face roadways, the cable anchors are affected by factors such as scraping, installation, and impact, causing the currently widely used pull-out anchor unanchoring devices and methods to malfunction or be inefficient. Furthermore, the pull-out anchor unanchoring process is cumbersome and has poor safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an anchor cable unanchoring device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in this invention are as follows:

[0005] An anchor cable release device includes an anchor cable, a tray, an outer ring, a safety ring, a pressure ring, a lock, and a safety stop. The anchor cable is fixed within the surrounding rock. The lock is fixedly connected to the anchor cable. The tray, outer ring, and pressure ring are arranged coaxially with the lock from top to bottom. The tray abuts against the surrounding rock. The pressure ring is threadedly connected to the outer ring. The safety ring is placed between the outer ring and the pressure ring. The lock has a stepped portion. The pressure ring and the stepped portion are fitted with a large clearance. The upper stepped surface of the stepped portion contacts the safety ring. The safety stop is threadedly connected to the lock and placed below the stepped portion.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial shear strength of the safety ring is greater than 1.5 times the maximum bearing capacity of the anchor cable, and guide grooves are provided on both the upper and lower end faces of the safety ring in the circumferential direction, with the outer wall surface of the stepped portion facing the opening of the guide groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-section of the guide groove is V-shaped, rectangular, or circular.

[0008] Furthermore, the tray is provided with an outer spherical surface, and an inner spherical surface adapted to the outer spherical surface is provided on the upper side wall of the hole in the outer ring, and the inner spherical surface abuts against the outer spherical surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the hole in the outer ring is a stepped hole, and the safety ring abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole in the outer ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a conical sleeve is provided on the lower side of the lock, which is located between the lock and the anchor cable. The conical sleeve is a spliced ​​structure, which is composed of several arc-shaped pieces.

[0011] Furthermore, a rotating wrench is fixed on the outer wall of the safety stop.

[0012] This invention also discloses a method for unanchoring. When unanchoring is required, the safety stop is first removed from the lock. The tracked vehicle is remotely controlled to move to the area below the anchor cable in the tunnel. The multi-axis hydraulic arm of the tracked vehicle is remotely controlled so that the bottom end of the hydraulic rod abuts against the ground and the top end abuts against the lock. The hydraulic rod pushes against the lock, causing the safety ring to shear and break. Under the tension of the anchor cable, the lock falls into the tray hole. The tray loses its supporting function for the surrounding rock, and the anchor cable's supporting function fails, immediately achieving the purpose of unanchoring. The tray, outer ring, pressure ring, and the broken safety ring fall into the recovery frame fixed to the hydraulic rod. The multi-axis hydraulic arm adjusts its angle to tilt the recovered components in the recovery frame to the recovery vehicle connected to the tracked vehicle. The above process is repeated under the next anchor cable of the tracked vehicle remotely controlled.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower output shaft of the hydraulic rod is fixed with a support plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the recycling frame is a circular frame, and the recycling frame is fixed coaxially with the hydraulic rod.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention utilizes an unmanned anchor removal device to apply high-pressure impact to the anchor removal mechanism, breaking the safety ring and thus completing the anchor removal process. This method avoids the safety hazards associated with manual operation; it allows for greater adaptability to most environments requiring anchor removal, and it accelerates the removal process. Furthermore, the dislodged structural components can be recycled, improving material utilization and saving costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the anchor cable unanchoring device.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the anchor cable unanchoring device.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an assembly drawing of the cone sleeve inside the lock.

[0020] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A structural diagram of a robot for automatically unanchoring and retrieving equipment. Implementation

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 This invention discloses an anchor cable retraction device, comprising an anchor cable 1, a tray 2, an outer ring 3, a safety ring 4, a pressure ring 5, a lock 6, and a safety stop 7. The anchor cable 1 is fixed within the surrounding rock, and the lock 6 is fixedly connected to the anchor cable 1. The tray 2, outer ring 3, and pressure ring 5 are arranged coaxially with the lock 6 from top to bottom. The tray 2 abuts against the surrounding rock, and the outer ring 3 abuts against the tray 2. The pressure ring 5 is threadedly connected to the outer ring 3. The safety ring 4 is placed between the outer ring 3 and the pressure ring 5. A stepped portion 61 is provided on the lock 6, and the pressure ring 5 is fitted with the stepped portion 61 with a large clearance. The upper stepped surface of the stepped portion 61 contacts the safety ring 4 and abuts the safety ring 4 against the outer ring 3. The safety stop 7 is threadedly connected to the lock 6 and placed below the stepped portion 61.

[0023] The safety ring 4 has guide grooves 41 on both the upper and lower end faces in the circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the stepped portion 61 faces the opening of the guide groove 41. The guide groove 41 promotes stress concentration in the safety ring and controls the shear surface. The cross-section of the guide groove 41 is V, rectangular or circular. In this embodiment of the invention, a V-shaped cross-section guide groove 41 is used.

[0024] An outer spherical surface 21 is provided on the tray 2, and an inner spherical surface 31 adapted to the outer spherical surface is provided on the upper side wall of the hole in the outer ring 3, with the inner spherical surface 31 abutting against the outer spherical surface 21.

[0025] The outer ring of the tray is made into a spherical surface. The outer ring is connected to the tray in a spherical fit, which allows for some freedom in the fit between tray 2 and outer ring 3, thus achieving the self-aligning function.

[0026] The hole in the outer ring 3 is a stepped hole, and the safety ring 4 abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole in the outer ring 3. The stepped surface of the outer ring 3 can achieve axial and circumferential positioning of the safety ring 4.

[0027] Anchor cable 1 is a steel strand. The assembly structure of anchor cable 1 and lock 6 is as follows: a conical sleeve 8 is set between anchor cable 1 and lock 6, and the conical sleeve 8 mates with the conical surface in the inner hole of lock 6. The conical sleeve 8 is a spliced ​​structure, which is composed of 3 arc-shaped pieces spliced ​​together to form a conical rotating body that holds the anchor cable. When the anchor cable has an upward force, it will pull the conical sleeve 8, and the conical sleeve 8 will squeeze into the lock 6. The conical sleeve 8 will become tighter and tighter as it is pulled upward.

[0028] In this invention, the safety stop has a protective function to prevent damage to the safety ring 4 (the safety ring is sufficiently safe under normal conditions to prevent damage to the anchoring system under extreme conditions). The safety stop needs to be removed before unanchoring. To facilitate rotation of the safety stop, a rotating wrench 71 is threaded (or welded) onto the outer wall of the safety stop 7.

[0029] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 The anchor removal process of this invention is as follows:

[0030] When anchor removal is required, first remove the safety stops 7 on all locks 6 in the tunnel. Then, remotely control the tracked vehicle 91 to move to the underside of one of the anchor cables 1 in the tunnel. Remotely control the multi-axis hydraulic arm 93 of the tracked vehicle 91 so that the bottom end of the hydraulic rod 94 at the free end of the multi-axis hydraulic arm 93 touches the ground. To increase the contact area with the ground, a support plate 96 is fixed to the lower output shaft of the hydraulic rod 94. The upper end touches the lock 6, and the hydraulic rod 94 pushes the lock 6, causing the safety ring 4 to be sheared and broken. Under the action of the anchor cable tension, the lock falls into the tray hole. The tray loses its supporting function for the surrounding rock, and the anchor cable's supporting function fails, immediately achieving the purpose of anchor removal. The tray 2, outer ring 3, pressure ring 5, and the broken safety ring 4 fall into the recovery frame 95 fixed to the hydraulic rod 94. The recovery frame 95 is a circular frame and is coaxially fixed to the hydraulic rod 94. The multi-axis hydraulic arm 93 adjusts its angle to tilt the recovered parts in the recovery box 95 to the recovery vehicle 92 connected to the tracked vehicle 91; the tracked vehicle 91 is remotely controlled to be below the next anchor cable 1, and the above process is repeated.

[0031] The structure of the multi-axis hydraulic arm 93 is consistent with the working arm structure and principle of the excavator in the prior art, so this invention will not describe this structure in detail.

[0032] In this invention, when removing the anchor, only an upward pushing force needs to be applied to the anchoring system by a machine to break the shear ring (the load-bearing capacity of the shear ring is fixed, so this action is very easy to achieve), and the pallet will fall off, the anchor cable will lose its support effect, and the anchor removal action can be completed.

[0033] The anchor removal operation of this invention is simple, requiring only external pushing of the parts. Remote operation prevents personnel from approaching the anchor cable during removal, improving operational safety (preventing the risk of rock mass collapse due to sudden loss of anchor support after removal).

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of de-anchoring an anchor cable de-anchoring device, characterized by: The anchor cable unanchoring device includes an anchor cable (1), a tray (2), an outer ring (3), a safety ring (4), a pressure ring (5), a lock (6), and a safety stop (7). The anchor cable (1) is fixed in the surrounding rock. The lock (6) is fixedly connected to the anchor cable (1). The tray (2), the outer ring (3), and the pressure ring (5) are arranged coaxially with the lock (6) from top to bottom. The tray (2) abuts against the surrounding rock. The pressure ring (5) is threadedly connected to the outer ring (3). The safety ring (4) is placed between the outer ring (3) and the pressure ring (5). A step (61) is provided on the lock (6). The pressure ring (5) and the step (61) are fitted with a large clearance. The upper step surface of the step (61) is in contact with the safety ring (4). The safety stop (7) is threadedly connected to the lock (6) and placed below the step (61). The axial shear strength of the safety ring is greater than 1.5 times the maximum bearing capacity of the anchor cable; The anchor removal method is as follows: When anchor removal is required, first remove the safety stop (7) from the lock (6), remotely control the tracked vehicle (91) to the area below the anchor cable (1) in the roadway, remotely control the multi-axis hydraulic arm (93) of the tracked vehicle (91) so that the bottom end of the hydraulic rod (94) touches the ground and the top end touches the lock (6). The hydraulic rod (94) pushes the lock (6) up, causing the safety ring (4) to be sheared and broken. Under the action of the anchor cable tension, the lock falls into the tray hole, and the tray loses its position. The lifting effect on the surrounding rock and the support effect of the anchor cable fail, immediately achieving the purpose of unanchoring. The tray (2), outer ring (3), pressure ring (5) and the damaged safety ring (4) fall into the recovery frame (95) fixed to the hydraulic rod (94). The multi-axis hydraulic arm (93) adjusts the angle and dumps the recovered parts in the recovery frame (95) into the recovery vehicle (92) connected to the tracked vehicle (91). The tracked vehicle (91) is remotely controlled to move to the bottom of the next anchor cable (1) and the above process is repeated.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The safety ring (4) has guide grooves (41) on both the upper and lower end faces in the circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the stepped part (61) faces the groove opening of the guide groove (41).

3. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the guide groove (41) is V-shaped, rectangular or circular.

4. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable retraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tray (2) is provided with an outer spherical surface (21), and an inner spherical surface (31) adapted to the spherical surface is provided on the upper side wall of the hole in the outer ring (3), and the inner spherical surface (31) abuts against the outer spherical surface (21).

5. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hole in the outer ring (3) is a stepped hole, and the safety ring (4) abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole in the outer ring (3).

6. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side of the lock (6) is provided with a cone sleeve (8), which is located between the lock (6) and the anchor cable (1). The cone sleeve (8) is a spliced ​​structure, which is made up of several arc pieces.

7. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating wrench (71) is fixed on the outer wall of the safety stop (7).

8. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower output shaft of the hydraulic rod (94) is fixed with a support plate (96).

9. The anchor removal method of the anchor cable removal device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The recycling frame (95) is a circular frame, and the recycling frame (95) is fixed coaxially with the hydraulic rod (94).

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