A material extrusion and mixing device, a mixing method, and a polyamide material production process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a material extrusion and mixing device, a mixing method and a polyamide material production process, which relate to the field of mixing devices and include two central shafts. Both of the two central shafts can rotate and rotate in opposite directions. The central shafts sequentially include a preliminary propulsion section, a crushing section, a re-propulsion section and an extrusion section along the axial direction. The re-propulsion section and the extrusion section can heat the material, and both the preliminary propulsion section and the re-propulsion section can move the material towards the extrusion section. An acceleration assembly is arranged on the crushing section. The acceleration assembly includes an acceleration cylinder, a fixed shaft and a speed change unit. The speed change unit is arranged on the fixed shaft. When the crushing section rotates, the crushing section can drive the acceleration cylinder to rotate in the same direction through the speed change unit, and the rotation speed of the acceleration cylinder is greater than that of the crushing section. A plurality of crushing blocks are fixedly installed on the crushing section, and the plurality of crushing blocks are spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder. The problem of uneven mixing of large-particle materials is solved, and the mixing effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mixing equipment, and particularly to a material extrusion and mixing equipment, a mixing method and a polyamide material production process. Background Art

[0002] Polyamide is also called nylon; the appearance of nylon has completely changed the face of textiles. Its synthesis is a major breakthrough in the synthetic fiber industry and also a very important milestone in polymer chemistry;

[0003] In the production process of polyamide, a mixing equipment is needed to mix various materials and then extrude and pelletize them through an extruder. Commonly used mixing equipment includes mixers, high-speed mixers, internal mixers, etc.

[0004] Chinese Patent Application CN103286876A discloses a screw internal mixer, which includes a frame. A barrel with a feed hopper is arranged on the frame, and the barrel is covered with a heat-insulating cover shell with a heating device; at least one screw is axially arranged in the barrel. The feed end of the screw is connected to a motor through a reducer assembly, and the other end of the screw extends to the discharge end of the barrel. And a head with a cutter assembly is arranged at the discharge end of the barrel; the barrel lies horizontally on the frame, and the heat-insulating cover shell is composed of an outer shell and an internal heat-insulating material, and a heating device composed of electric heaters is arranged closely on the outer wall of the barrel; a reducer assembly connected to the screw and composed of a reducer and a torque protection device is installed on the feed hopper side of the barrel, and the reducer assembly is connected to the motor through a belt pulley transmission mechanism; it has the characteristics of reasonable and compact structure, convenient and reliable use, capable of mixing and stirring various mixed raw materials, reducing the use cost, and improving the service life of the equipment, etc.;

[0005] The above patent and the prior art also have the following defects:

[0006] It is impossible to crush particulate materials, resulting in poor subsequent heating and mixing effects, long heating and mixing time, low processing capacity. For the conventional method of adding a crushing roller on the rotating shaft to crush particulate materials, since a spiral blade is arranged on the rotating shaft to mix and push materials, the crushing has high requirements for its rotation speed, resulting in too high a rotation speed of the rotating shaft, fast speed of pushing materials, and insufficient time for materials to be heated and mixed, resulting in poor material mixing effect.

[0007] Therefore, the present application provides a material extrusion and mixing equipment, a mixing method and a polyamide material production process to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a material extrusion and mixing equipment, a mixing method and a polyamide material production process, which solves the problem of uneven mixing of large particulate materials and has a better mixing effect.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A material extrusion and mixing device includes two central shafts, both of which can rotate and rotate in opposite directions; the central shafts sequentially include a preliminary propulsion section, a crushing section, a secondary propulsion section, and an extrusion section along the axial direction. The secondary propulsion section and the extrusion section can heat the material, and the preliminary propulsion section and the secondary propulsion section can both move the material in the direction of the extrusion section; an acceleration component is arranged on the crushing section, and the acceleration component includes an acceleration cylinder, a fixed shaft, and a speed change unit. The speed change unit is arranged on the fixed shaft. When the crushing section rotates, the crushing section can drive the acceleration cylinder to rotate in the same direction through the speed change unit, and make the rotation speed of the acceleration cylinder greater than that of the crushing section;

[0010] A number of crushing blocks are fixedly installed on the crushing section, and the number of crushing blocks is spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder; when the crushing blocks rotate, they can push the material in the direction of the extrusion section.

[0011] An extrusion cylinder is fixedly installed on the extrusion section, and a housing is jointly arranged on the two central shafts. The housing can make the material enter the extrusion section from above the extrusion cylinder and discharge from below the extrusion cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, preliminary propulsion spiral vanes are fixedly installed on the preliminary propulsion section, and the spiral directions of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes in the two preliminary propulsion sections are opposite; secondary propulsion spiral vanes are fixedly installed on the secondary propulsion section, and the spiral direction of the secondary propulsion spiral vanes is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes; the diameters of the acceleration cylinder, the preliminary propulsion section, and the secondary propulsion section are the same. The diameter of the crushing section is smaller than that of the acceleration cylinder, and the acceleration cylinder is rotatably sleeved on the crushing section; a number of the crushing blocks are spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder, and the spiral direction is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing hole is formed in the central shaft, and the fixing shaft passes through the fixing hole; two sets of acceleration components are provided, respectively located at both ends of the crushing section; the acceleration component further includes a rotating cylinder, a variable-speed fixing block and a rotating plate; the variable-speed unit includes a first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring, a first-stage variable-speed pinion gear, a second-stage variable-speed large gear, a second-stage variable-speed small gear, a reverse gear and an output gear; variable-speed grooves are formed at both ends of the crushing section, and the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring is fixedly installed in the variable-speed groove; the rotating cylinder is rotatably sleeved on the fixing shaft, the rotating plate is fixedly installed on the rotating cylinder, the outer ring of the rotating cylinder is fixedly installed on the acceleration cylinder, the variable-speed fixing block is fixedly installed on the fixing shaft, a first-stage support shaft and a second-stage support shaft are rotatably installed on the variable-speed fixing block, the first-stage variable-speed pinion gear and the second-stage variable-speed large gear are fixedly sleeved on the first-stage support shaft, the second-stage variable-speed small gear and the reverse gear are fixedly sleeved on the second-stage support shaft, and the output gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating cylinder; the first-stage variable-speed pinion gear meshes with the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring, the second-stage variable-speed large gear meshes with the second-stage variable-speed small gear, and the reverse gear meshes with the output gear.

[0014] Preferably, a driving component is connected to the preliminary propulsion section, and the driving component can drive the two preliminary propulsion sections to rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite; transmission components are provided between the crushing section and the preliminary propulsion section and the re-propulsion section respectively. The preliminary propulsion section can drive the crushing section to rotate synchronously through the transmission component, and the crushing section can drive the re-propulsion section to rotate synchronously through the transmission component. The extrusion section is fixedly installed with the re-propulsion section; transmission internal gear rings are fixedly installed at the ends of the preliminary propulsion section and the re-propulsion section close to the crushing section, and transmission fixing blocks are fixedly installed on the fixing shaft corresponding to the positions of the transmission internal gear rings; the transmission component includes a transmission gear, two sets of first belt units and a transmission shaft. The transmission gear is fixedly installed with a transmission support shaft, and the two transmission support shafts are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding transmission fixing blocks and the variable-speed fixing blocks. The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the transmission gear meshes with the transmission internal gear ring; the two sets of first belt units are respectively connected in transmission between the transmission shaft and the transmission support shaft and between the transmission shaft and the first-stage support shaft; the first belt unit includes a first connecting belt pulley, a first driving belt pulley and a first belt. The first connecting belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the first driving belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft; transmission grooves are formed in the fixing shaft corresponding to the positions of the first driving belt pulleys, and the two first driving belt pulleys are both arranged in the corresponding transmission grooves. The transmission shaft penetrates through the opposite groove walls of the two transmission grooves and is rotatably connected to the fixing shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the central shaft is rotatably connected to the housing; the housing includes a limiting housing and an extrusion housing; the limiting housing is sleeved on the preliminary propulsion section, the crushing section, and the re-propulsion section; the inner diameter of the limiting housing, the diameter of the preliminary propulsion spiral fins, and the diameter of the re-propulsion spiral fins are all the same; the extrusion housing is sleeved on the extrusion section; the extrusion housing includes a blocking section and a release section, the top of the extrusion housing has a feeding space, the bottom of the blocking section is in contact with the bottoms of the two central shafts, the bottom of the release section has a blanking space, and a blanking assembly is further connected to the bottom of the release section.

[0016] Preferably, the blanking assembly includes a blanking funnel, a blanking rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring rods, a second belt unit, and a stirring motor; the blanking funnel is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the release section, the blanking rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the blanking funnel through a support frame, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly installed on the blanking rotating shaft, the second belt unit includes a second driving belt pulley, a second driven belt pulley, and a second belt, the second driving belt pulley is fixedly installed at the output end of the stirring motor, the second driven belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on the blanking rotating shaft, and the second belt is connected between the second driving belt pulley and the second driven belt pulley; the stirring motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the blanking funnel, a connection hole is opened in the blanking funnel corresponding to the position of the second driven belt pulley, the second driven belt pulley passes through the connection hole, a protective box is rotatably connected to the blanking rotating shaft, the second belt unit is arranged in the protective box, and the top of the protective box is provided with a deflection block with inclined sides on both sides.

[0017] Preferably, a base is arranged below the housing, the housing is fixedly installed on the base through a fixing frame, both ends of the central shaft penetrate through the housing and are rotatably installed on the base, the fixed shaft penetrates through the housing and is rotatably connected to the housing, both ends of the fixed shaft are fixedly installed on the base, and a feeding funnel is fixedly communicated with the housing at the preliminary propulsion section; electric heating tubes are installed on the housing corresponding to the positions of the re-propulsion section and the extrusion section, and a fixed housing is sleeved on the electric heating tubes, and both ends of the fixed housing are fixedly installed on the housing.

[0018] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving motor, a third belt unit, and two driving gears, both of the two driving gears are fixedly sleeved on one end of the preliminary propulsion section, and the two driving gears mesh with each other; the third belt unit includes a third driving belt pulley, a third driven belt pulley, and a third belt, the third driving belt pulley is fixedly installed at the output end of the driving motor, the third driven belt pulley is fixedly installed at the end of one of the preliminary propulsion sections, and the third belt is connected between the third driving belt pulley and the third driven belt pulley.

[0019] A method for mixing materials; includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Start the two central shafts to rotate in opposite directions and feed different materials into the feed hopper;

[0021] S2. The materials enter the preliminary propulsion section, and the materials move forward and are preliminarily mixed under the action of the preliminary propulsion spiral blades;

[0022] S3. The materials enter the crushing section, and the materials are further mixed and crushed into small pieces under the action of the crushing blocks, and the materials move forward under the continuous propulsion of the preliminary propulsion spiral blades and the propulsion of the crushing blocks;

[0023] S4. The materials enter the re - propulsion section, and the materials move forward and are mixed again under the action of the re - propulsion spiral blades;

[0024] S5. The materials enter the extrusion section, and the materials are heated in the extrusion section; the materials move above the two extrusion cylinders and fall below the extrusion cylinders through the extrusion of the two extrusion cylinders;

[0025] S6. The materials are discharged through the discharge hopper and further mixed by the stirring rod.

[0026] A production process of polyamide materials, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Premix polyamide, stabilizer, flame retardant, and dispersant in a material extrusion and mixing device to obtain a premixed material;

[0028] Step 2: Add the obtained premixed material to a twin - screw extruder, extrude and pelletize to obtain polyamide material pellets.

[0029] Preferably, polyamide, stabilizer, flame retardant, and dispersant are all prior arts.

[0030] Preferably, the polyamide is preferably nylon 6 (PA6), the flame retardant includes any one or a combination of Exolit AP 422, JLS - MC, MCA510, Melapur MC - 25, the stabilizer includes any one or a combination of Lugeiman H3336, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 168, antioxidant PEPQ, antioxidant 445, and the dispersant includes any one or a mixture of two of TAF and EBS.

[0031] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0032] 1. In the present invention, by providing a preliminary propulsion section, a crushing section, a secondary propulsion section, and an extrusion section, during the process of advancing the material, the material undergoes dispersion in the preliminary propulsion section, crushing in the crushing section, dispersion in the secondary propulsion section, and extrusion in the extrusion section, enabling the material particles to be crushed. The crushed particles are dispersed in the secondary propulsion section, resulting in a more uniform mixture, solving the problem of uneven mixing of large particle materials and achieving a better mixing effect. The secondary propulsion section and the extrusion section heat and melt the material. After different materials are melted, they are further mixed under the extrusion of the extrusion cylinder. The melted material changes its shape and position through extrusion for mixing, and some incompletely melted particles can be extruded into flakes. Due to the larger heat absorption area and contact area with other materials of the flakes, the subsequent extrusion and re - mixing effects are better. The crushed material is more easily heated and mixed, with good mixing effect and high efficiency;

[0033] 2. In the present invention, through the speed - changing unit, the rotation speeds of the acceleration cylinder and the crushing block are greater than the rotation speed of the central shaft, increasing the crushing speed of the material while keeping the material propulsion speed unchanged, improving the crushing effect. By driving the acceleration cylinder and the crushing block to rotate through the crushing section, the problem that a power source cannot be installed in the middle of the central shaft is solved, and the crushing speed of the material can be increased according to the increase in the propulsion speed, making the propulsion speed and crushing speed of the material more matched;

[0034] 3. In the present invention, the spiral directions of the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes and the two secondary propulsion spiral vanes are opposite, and the rotation directions of the two central shafts are opposite. This makes the forward directions of the materials pushed by the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes the same, but the spiral movement directions of the materials are opposite, enabling the material to be continuously dispersed between the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes and the two secondary propulsion spiral vanes, improving the mixing efficiency. The spiral direction of the crushing blocks spirally distributed on the crushing section is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion section, ensuring that the direction of the crushing blocks pushing the material is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion section pushing the material, improving the propulsion efficiency of the material;

[0035] 4. In the present invention, the problem that the crushing section cannot be directly connected to the preliminary propulsion section and the secondary propulsion section due to the occlusion of the acceleration components provided at both ends of the crushing section, resulting in the inability of the crushing section to rotate synchronously, is solved, and synchronous rotation is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following - described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the housing, base, feed hopper and drive assembly in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the housing, feed hopper, blanking assembly and electric heating tube in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the limit housing, extrusion housing and base in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the preliminary propulsion section, crushing block, re - propulsion section and extrusion section in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive motor, drive gear and central shaft in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion barrel and acceleration assembly in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of part B in;

[0045] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the acceleration barrel and crushing section in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of part C in.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Housing; 11. Limit housing; 12. Extrusion housing; 121. Blocking section; 122. Release section; 2. Central shaft; 21. Initial propulsion section; 211. Initial propulsion spiral blade; 22. Crushing section; 221. Crushing block; 23. Re - propulsion section; 231. Re - propulsion spiral blade; 24. Extrusion section; 241. Extrusion cylinder; 3. Acceleration assembly; 31. Acceleration cylinder; 32. Fixed shaft; 33. Speed - change unit; 331. First - stage speed - change internal gear ring; 332. First - stage speed - change pinion; 333. Second - stage speed - change large gear; 334. Second - stage speed - change pinion; 335. Reverse gear; 336. Output gear; 34. Rotating cylinder; 35. Speed - change fixing block; 36. Rotating plate; 4. Driving assembly; 41. Driving motor; 42. Third belt unit; 43. Driving gear; 5. Transmission assembly; 51. Transmission internal gear ring; 52. Transmission fixing block; 53. Transmission gear; 54. First belt unit; 55. Transmission shaft; 6. Feeding assembly; 61. Feeding funnel; 62. Feeding rotating shaft; 63. Stirring rod; 64. Second belt unit; 65. Stirring motor; 7. Base; 8. Inlet funnel; 9. Electric heating pipe. Detailed implementation mode

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example: Refer to Figures 1 - 10 A material extrusion and mixing device as shown, including two central shafts 2. Both central shafts 2 can rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite; the central shaft 2 sequentially includes an initial propulsion section 21, a crushing section 22, a re - propulsion section 23, and an extrusion section 24 along the axial direction. The re - propulsion section 23 and the extrusion section 24 can heat the material, and both the initial propulsion section 21 and the re - propulsion section 23 can move the material in the direction of the extrusion section 24; an acceleration assembly 3 is arranged on the crushing section 22. The acceleration assembly 3 includes an acceleration cylinder 31, a fixed shaft 32, and a speed - change unit 33. The speed - change unit 33 is arranged on the fixed shaft 32. When the crushing section 22 rotates, the crushing section 22 can drive the acceleration cylinder 31 to rotate in the same direction through the speed - change unit 33, and make the rotation speed of the acceleration cylinder 31 greater than that of the crushing section 22;

[0050] A number of crushing blocks 221 are fixedly installed on the crushing section 22. The number of crushing blocks 221 is spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder 31; when the crushing blocks 221 rotate, they can push the material in the direction of the extrusion section 24.

[0051] A extrusion cylinder 241 is fixedly installed on the extrusion section 24. A housing 1 is provided on the two central shafts 2. The housing 1 enables the material to enter the extrusion section 24 from above the extrusion cylinder 241 and discharge from below the extrusion cylinder 241.

[0052] Different material particles are proportionally input into the preliminary propulsion section 21. The preliminary propulsion section 21 pushes the material towards the extrusion section 24. The material is preliminarily mixed in the preliminary propulsion section 21 and is pushed into the crushing section 22 by the preliminary propulsion section 21. The crushing section 22 rotates to drive the acceleration cylinder 31 to rotate through the speed change unit 33. The acceleration cylinder 31 drives the crushing block 221 to rotate. The crushing block 221 crushes the material and further mixes the material. The material moves forward under the continuous feeding of the preliminary propulsion section 21 and the propulsion of the spiral-distributed crushing blocks 221. The crushing block 221 enters the re-propulsion section 23. The re-propulsion section 23 pushes the material into the extrusion section 24. The material enters the extrusion section 24 from above the extrusion cylinder 241. As the two extrusion cylinders 241 rotate, the material is extruded by the extrusion cylinder 241 between the two extrusion cylinders 241, so that the material is further mixed and the mixed material is more uniform.

[0053] By setting the preliminary propulsion section 21, the crushing section 22, the re-propulsion section 23 and the extrusion section 24, during the process of the material being propelled, it undergoes the dispersion in the preliminary propulsion section 21, the crushing in the crushing section 22, the dispersion in the re-propulsion section 23 and the extrusion in the extrusion section 24, enabling the material particles to be crushed. The crushed particles are dispersed by the re-propulsion section 23 and are more evenly mixed, solving the problem of uneven mixing of large particle materials, with a better mixing effect. The re-propulsion section 23 and the extrusion section 24 heat and melt the material. Different melted materials are further mixed under the extrusion of the extrusion cylinder 241. The melted material changes its shape and position through extrusion for mixing, and some uncompletely melted particles can be extruded into flakes. Due to the larger heat-receiving area and the contact area with other materials of the flakes, the subsequent extrusion and re-mixing effects are better.

[0054] Through the speed change unit 33, the rotation speeds of the acceleration cylinder 31 and the crushing block 221 are greater than the rotation speed of the central shaft 2, so as to increase the crushing speed of the material while keeping the material propulsion speed unchanged, improving the crushing effect. By driving the acceleration cylinder 31 and the crushing block 221 to rotate through the crushing section 22, the problem that a power source cannot be installed in the middle of the central shaft 2 is solved, and the crushing speed of the material can be increased according to the increase of the propulsion speed, making the propulsion speed and the crushing speed of the material more matched. Due to the spiral-distributed crushing blocks 221, the material still has a certain propulsion force in the crushing section 22, and the material is not easily blocked in the crushing section 22, improving the propulsion efficiency of the material.

[0055] Further, referring to Figures 1 - 10, a preliminary propulsion section 21 is fixedly installed with preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211, and the spiral directions of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211 in the two preliminary propulsion sections 21 are opposite; a re - propulsion section 23 is fixedly installed with re - propulsion spiral vanes 231, and the spiral direction of the re - propulsion spiral vanes 231 is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211; the diameters of the acceleration cylinder 31, the preliminary propulsion section 21, and the re - propulsion section 23 are the same, the diameter of the crushing section 22 is smaller than that of the acceleration cylinder 31, and the acceleration cylinder 31 is rotatably sleeved on the crushing section 22; several crushing blocks 221 are spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder 31, and the spiral direction is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211.

[0056] Since the spiral directions of the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211 and the two re - propulsion spiral vanes 231 are opposite, and the rotation directions of the two central shafts 2 are opposite, the advancing directions of the materials pushed by the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211 are the same, but the spiral moving directions of the materials are opposite, enabling the materials to be continuously dispersed between the two preliminary propulsion spiral vanes 211 and the two re - propulsion spiral vanes 231, improving the mixing efficiency. The spiral direction of the crushing blocks 221 spirally distributed on the crushing section 22 is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion section 21, ensuring that the direction of the crushing blocks 221 pushing the materials is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion section 21 pushing the materials, and improving the propulsion efficiency of the materials.

[0057] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1 - 10 , a fixing hole is opened in the central shaft 2, and the fixing shaft 32 passes through the fixing hole; there are two sets of acceleration components 3, which are respectively located at both ends of the crushing section 22; the acceleration component 3 further includes a rotating cylinder 34, a variable - speed fixing block 35, and a rotating plate 36; the variable - speed unit 33 includes a first - stage variable - speed internal gear ring 331, a first - stage variable - speed pinion 332, a second - stage variable - speed large gear 333, a second - stage variable - speed pinion 334, a reverse gear 335, and an output gear 336; variable - speed slots are opened at both ends of the crushing section 22, and the first - stage variable - speed internal gear ring 331 is fixedly installed in the variable - speed slots; the rotating cylinder 34 is rotatably sleeved on the fixing shaft 32, the rotating plate 36 is fixedly installed on the rotating cylinder 34, the outer ring of the rotating cylinder 34 is fixedly installed on the acceleration cylinder 31, the variable - speed fixing block 35 is fixedly installed on the fixing shaft 32, a first - stage support shaft and a second - stage support shaft are rotatably installed on the variable - speed fixing block 35, the first - stage variable - speed pinion 332 and the second - stage variable - speed large gear 333 are both fixedly sleeved on the first - stage support shaft, the second - stage variable - speed pinion 334 and the reverse gear 335 are both fixedly sleeved on the second - stage support shaft, and the output gear 336 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating cylinder 34; the first - stage variable - speed pinion 332 meshes with the first - stage variable - speed internal gear ring 331, the second - stage variable - speed large gear 333 meshes with the second - stage variable - speed pinion 334, and the reverse gear 335 meshes with the output gear 336.

[0058] The diameter of the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring 331 is larger than that of the first-stage variable-speed pinion gear 332. The diameter of the second-stage variable-speed large gear 333 is larger than that of the first-stage variable-speed pinion gear 332 and the second-stage variable-speed pinion gear 334. The diameters of the reverse gear 335 and the output gear 336 are the same.

[0059] When the crushing section 22 rotates, the crushing section 22 drives the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring 331 to rotate. The first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring 331 drives the first-stage variable-speed pinion gear 332 to rotate in the same direction with acceleration. The first-stage variable-speed pinion gear 332 drives the second-stage variable-speed large gear 333 to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. The second-stage variable-speed large gear 333 drives the second-stage variable-speed pinion gear 334 to rotate in the opposite direction with acceleration. The second-stage variable-speed pinion gear 334 drives the reverse gear 335 to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. The reverse gear 335 drives the output gear 336 to rotate in the opposite direction and at the same speed. The output gear 336 drives the rotating cylinder 34 to rotate. The rotating cylinder 34 drives the accelerating cylinder 31 to rotate through the rotating plate 36. During the process of the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring 331 driving the output gear 336 to rotate, there are two-stage speed changes and two changes in the rotation direction, enabling the crushing section 22 to drive the accelerating cylinder 31 to rotate. The rotation direction of the accelerating cylinder 31 is the same as that of the crushing section 22, and the rotation speed is greater than that of the crushing section 22, ensuring that the pushing direction of the crushing block 221 on the material is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion section 21 on the material. The crushing block 221 will not significantly affect the moving speed of the material, improving the material propulsion efficiency.

[0060] The first-stage variable-speed pinion gear 332, the second-stage variable-speed large gear 333, the second-stage variable-speed pinion gear 334, the reverse gear 335, the output gear 336, and the rotating cylinder 34 are supported by the fixed shaft 32, enabling the intermediate gears for speed change in the acceleration assembly 3 to have support. Since the acceleration assembly 3 is arranged on the accelerating cylinder 31 and the crushing section 22, and both the accelerating cylinder 31 and the crushing section 22 are in a rotating state during operation and cannot install support members, the problem of the intermediate gears for speed change being unable to be supported is solved. The fixed shaft 32 is rotatably connected inside the central shaft 2. Since the fixed shaft 32 is used for fixing and cannot rotate, being arranged inside the central shaft 2 will not cause obstruction to the material due to being arranged outside the central shaft 2 and will not affect the material propulsion efficiency.

[0061] Further, referring to Figures 1 - 10The preliminary propulsion section 21 is connected to a driving assembly 4, which can drive the two preliminary propulsion sections 21 to rotate in opposite directions; a transmission assembly 5 is arranged between the crushing section 22 and the preliminary propulsion section 21 and the secondary propulsion section 23, the preliminary propulsion section 21 can drive the crushing section 22 to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly 5, the crushing section 22 can drive the secondary propulsion section 23 to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly 5, and the extrusion section 24 is fixedly installed with the secondary propulsion section 23; the ends of the preliminary propulsion section 21 and the secondary propulsion section 23 close to the crushing section 22 are fixedly installed with a transmission inner gear ring 51, and the fixed shaft 32 is fixedly installed with a transmission fixed block 52 corresponding to the position of the transmission inner gear ring 51; the transmission assembly 5 includes a transmission gear 53, two sets of first belt units 54 and a transmission shaft 55, and the transmission gear 53 is fixedly installed with a transmission support The two transmission support shafts are rotatably connected to the corresponding transmission fixed block 52 and the speed change fixed block 35 respectively, the transmission gear 53 is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the transmission gear 53 is meshed with the transmission inner gear ring 51; the two groups of first belt units 54 are respectively transmission-connected to the transmission shaft 55 and the transmission support shaft and the transmission shaft 55 and the primary support shaft; the first belt unit 54 includes a first connecting pulley, a first transmission pulley and a first belt, the first connecting pulley is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the first transmission pulley is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft 55; the fixed shaft 32 is provided with a transmission groove corresponding to the position of the first transmission pulley, and the two first transmission pulleys are arranged in the corresponding transmission grooves, and the transmission shaft 55 passes through the opposite groove walls of the two transmission grooves and is rotationally connected to the fixed shaft 32.

[0062] The driving assembly 4 drives the preliminary propulsion section 21 to rotate, the preliminary propulsion section 21 drives the transmission inner gear ring 51 to rotate, the transmission inner gear ring 51 drives the transmission gear 53 to rotate, the transmission gear 53 drives the first belt unit 54 to rotate, the first belt unit 54 drives the transmission shaft 55 to rotate, the transmission shaft 55 drives the primary speed change pinion 332 to rotate through another first belt unit 54, the primary speed change pinion 332 drives the primary speed change inner gear ring 331 to rotate, the primary speed change inner gear ring 331 drives the crushing section 22 to rotate, and similarly, the crushing section 22 rotates and drives the re-propulsion section 23 to rotate through the transmission assembly 5.

[0063] The problem that the crushing section 22 cannot be directly connected to the preliminary propulsion section 21 and the secondary propulsion section 23 due to the obstruction of the acceleration assembly 3 set at both ends of the crushing section 22, so that the crushing section 22 cannot rotate synchronously, is solved, and the synchronization of rotation is ensured.

[0064] Further, refer to Figures 1 - 10, the central shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 1; the housing 1 includes a limiting housing 11 and an extrusion housing 12; the limiting housing 11 is sleeved on the preliminary propulsion section 21, the crushing section 22 and the re - propulsion section 23; the inner diameter of the limiting housing 11, the diameter of the preliminary propulsion spiral blade 211 and the diameter of the re - propulsion spiral blade 231 are the same; the extrusion housing 12 is sleeved on the extrusion section 24; the extrusion housing 12 includes a blocking section 121 and a release section 122, the top of the extrusion housing 12 has a feeding space, the bottom of the blocking section 121 fits with the bottoms of the two central shafts 2, the bottom of the release section 122 has a blanking space, and a blanking assembly 6 is also connected to the bottom of the release section 122.

[0065] The re - propulsion section 23 pushes the material into the blocking section 121. Since the blocking section 121 blocks the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 241, the material cannot enter the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 241, so it enters above the extrusion cylinder 241 and then enters the release section 122. The material enters the bottom of the release section 122 through the extrusion of the extrusion cylinder 241 and is discharged through the blanking assembly 6.

[0066] Further, referring to Figures 1 - 10 , the blanking assembly 6 includes a blanking funnel 61, a blanking rotating shaft 62, several stirring rods 63, a second belt unit 64 and a stirring motor 65; the blanking funnel 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the release section 122, the blanking rotating shaft 62 is rotatably connected in the blanking funnel 61 through a support frame, several stirring rods 63 are fixedly installed on the blanking rotating shaft 62, the second belt unit 64 includes a second driving pulley, a second driven pulley and a second belt, the second driving pulley is fixedly installed on the output end of the stirring motor 65, the second driven pulley is fixedly sleeved on the blanking rotating shaft 62, and the second belt is connected between the second driving pulley and the second driven pulley; the stirring motor 65 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the blanking funnel 61, a connection hole is opened on the blanking funnel 61 corresponding to the position of the second driven pulley, the second driven pulley passes through the connection hole, a protective box is rotatably connected to the blanking rotating shaft 62, the second belt unit 64 is arranged in the protective box, and the top of the protective box is provided with a deflection block with two inclined sides.

[0067] The stirring motor 65 drives the blanking rotating shaft 62 to rotate through the second belt unit 64, the blanking rotating shaft 62 drives the stirring rods 63 to rotate, and the stirring rods 63 disperse the material entering the blanking funnel 61. Cooperating with the extrusion of the extrusion cylinder 241 on the material, the extruded material is further dispersed, improving the mixing effect and making the mixing more uniform.

[0068] Further, referring to Figures 1 - 10, a base 7 is provided below the housing 1. The housing 1 is fixedly installed on the base 7 through a fixing frame. Both ends of the central shaft 2 penetrate through the housing 1 and are rotatably installed on the base 7. The fixed shaft 32 penetrates through the housing 1 and is rotatably connected to the housing 1. Both ends of the fixed shaft 32 are fixedly installed on the base 7. The housing 1 is fixedly communicated with a feed hopper 8 at the initial propulsion section 21; electric heating pipes 9 are installed on the housing 1 corresponding to the positions of the re - propulsion section 23 and the extrusion section 24. A fixed housing is sleeved on the electric heating pipes 9, and both ends of the fixed housing are fixedly installed on the housing 1.

[0069] The material is fed through the feed hopper 8. The electric heating pipes 9 heat - melt the material in the re - propulsion section 23 and the extrusion section 24, making the subsequent extrusion and stirring effects better and the dispersion effect good. The electric heating pipes 9 are prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] Further, referring to Figures 1 - 10 , the drive assembly 4 includes a drive motor 41, a third belt unit 42 and two drive gears 43. Both of the two drive gears 43 are fixedly sleeved on one end of the initial propulsion section 21, and the two drive gears 43 mesh with each other; the third belt unit 42 includes a third driving pulley, a third driven pulley and a third belt. The third driving pulley is fixedly installed on the output end of the drive motor 41, the third driven pulley is fixedly installed on the end of one of the initial propulsion sections 21, and the third belt is connected between the third driving pulley and the third driven pulley.

[0071] The drive motor 41 drives one of the initial propulsion sections 21 to rotate through the third belt unit 42. The initial propulsion section 21 drives the corresponding drive gear 43 to rotate. This drive gear 43 drives the other drive gear 43 to rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite. The other drive gear 43 drives the corresponding initial propulsion section 21 to rotate, making the rotation directions of the two initial propulsion sections 21 opposite.

[0072] A material mixing method includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Start the two central shafts 2 to rotate in opposite directions, and put different materials into the feed hopper 8;

[0074] S2. The material enters the initial propulsion section 21, and the material moves forward and is initially mixed under the action of the initial propulsion spiral blade 211;

[0075] S3. The material enters the crushing section 22, and the material is further mixed and crushed into small pieces under the action of the crushing block 221. The material moves forward under the continuous propulsion of the initial propulsion spiral blade 211 and the propulsion of the crushing block 221;

[0076] S4. The material enters the re - propulsion section 23, and the material moves forward and is re - mixed under the action of the re - propulsion spiral blade 231;

[0077] S5. The material enters the extrusion section 24, and the material is heated within the extrusion section 24; the material moves above the two extrusion barrels 241 and falls below the two extrusion barrels 241 through the extrusion of the two extrusion barrels 241;

[0078] S6. The material is discharged through the blanking funnel 61 and further mixed by the stirring rod 63.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material extrusion and mixing device, comprising two central shafts (2), characterized in that: Both of the two central shafts (2) can rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite; along the axial direction, the central shaft (2) sequentially includes a preliminary propulsion section (21), a crushing section (22), a re - propulsion section (23), and an extrusion section (24). The re - propulsion section (23) and the extrusion section (24) can heat the material, and both the preliminary propulsion section (21) and the re - propulsion section (23) can move the material towards the extrusion section (24); an acceleration assembly (3) is arranged on the crushing section (22). The acceleration assembly (3) includes an acceleration cylinder (31), a fixed shaft (32), and a speed - change unit (33). The speed - change unit (33) is arranged on the fixed shaft (32). When the crushing section (22) rotates, the crushing section (22) can drive the acceleration cylinder (31) to rotate in the same direction through the speed - change unit (33), and the rotation speed of the acceleration cylinder (31) is greater than that of the crushing section (22). A number of crushing blocks (221) are fixedly installed on the crushing section (22). The number of crushing blocks (221) is spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder (31); when the crushing blocks (221) rotate, they can push the material towards the extrusion section (24). An extrusion cylinder (241) is fixedly installed on the extrusion section (24). A housing (1) is commonly arranged on the two central shafts (2). The housing (1) can enable the material to enter the extrusion section (24) from above the extrusion cylinder (241) and discharge from below the extrusion cylinder (241). A fixing hole is formed in the central shaft (2), and the fixing shaft (32) is arranged through the fixing hole; two groups of acceleration components (3) are provided and are respectively located at both ends of the crushing section (22); the acceleration component (3) further includes a rotating cylinder (34), a variable-speed fixing block (35) and a rotating plate (36); the variable-speed unit (33) includes a first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring (331), a first-stage variable-speed pinion (332), a second-stage variable-speed large gear (333), a second-stage variable-speed pinion (334), a reverse gear (335) and an output gear (336); variable-speed grooves are formed at both ends of the crushing section (22), and the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring (331) is fixedly installed in the variable-speed groove; the rotating cylinder (34) is rotatably sleeved on the fixing shaft (32), the rotating plate (36) is fixedly installed on the rotating cylinder (34), the outer ring of the rotating cylinder (34) is fixedly installed on the acceleration cylinder (31), the variable-speed fixing block (35) is fixedly installed on the fixing shaft (32), a first-stage support shaft and a second-stage support shaft are rotatably installed on the variable-speed fixing block (35), the first-stage variable-speed pinion (332) and the second-stage variable-speed large gear (333) are both fixedly sleeved on the first-stage support shaft, the second-stage variable-speed pinion (334) and the reverse gear (335) are both fixedly sleeved on the second-stage support shaft, and the output gear (336) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating cylinder (34); the first-stage variable-speed pinion (332) meshes with the first-stage variable-speed internal gear ring (331), the second-stage variable-speed large gear (333) meshes with the second-stage variable-speed pinion (334), and the reverse gear (335) meshes with the output gear (336); The preliminary propulsion section (21) is connected with a driving assembly (4). The driving assembly (4) can drive the two preliminary propulsion sections (21) to rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite. Transmission assemblies (5) are arranged between the crushing section (22) and the preliminary propulsion section (21) and the re-propulsion section (23) respectively. The preliminary propulsion section (21) can drive the crushing section (22) to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly (5), and the crushing section (22) can drive the re-propulsion section (23) to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly (5). The extrusion section (24) is fixedly installed with the re-propulsion section (23). Transmission internal gear rings (51) are fixedly installed at the ends of the preliminary propulsion section (21) and the re-propulsion section (23) close to the crushing section (22). The transmission assembly (5) includes a transmission internal gear ring (51), a transmission fixed block (52), two transmission gears (53), two groups of first belt units (54) and a transmission shaft (55). The transmission fixed block (52) is fixedly installed at the position of the fixed shaft (32) corresponding to the transmission internal gear ring (51). The transmission gear (53) is fixedly installed with a transmission support shaft. The two transmission support shafts are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding transmission fixed block (52) and the speed change fixed block (35). The transmission gear (53) is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the transmission gear (53) meshes with the transmission internal gear ring (51). The two groups of first belt units (54) are respectively connected to the transmission shaft (55) and the transmission support shaft and the transmission shaft (55) and the first-level support shaft in a transmission manner. The first belt unit (54) includes a first connecting pulley, a first driving pulley and a first belt. The first connecting pulley is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission support shaft, and the first driving pulley is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft (55). Transmission grooves are formed in the fixed shaft (32) corresponding to the positions of the first driving pulleys. The two first driving pulleys are arranged in the corresponding transmission grooves respectively. The transmission shaft (55) penetrates through the opposite groove walls of the two transmission grooves and is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft (32).

2. The material extrusion and mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Preliminary propulsion helical vanes (211) are fixedly installed on the preliminary propulsion section (21). The helical directions of the preliminary propulsion helical vanes (211) in the two preliminary propulsion sections (21) are opposite. Re-propulsion helical vanes (231) are fixedly installed on the re-propulsion section (23). The helical direction of the re-propulsion helical vanes (231) is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion helical vanes (211). The diameters of the acceleration cylinder (31), the preliminary propulsion section (21) and the re-propulsion section (23) are the same. The diameter of the crushing section (22) is smaller than that of the acceleration cylinder (31), and the acceleration cylinder (31) is rotatably sleeved on the crushing section (22). A plurality of crushing blocks (221) are spirally distributed on the acceleration cylinder (31), and the spiral direction is the same as that of the preliminary propulsion helical vanes (211).

3. The material extrusion and mixing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the housing (1); the housing (1) includes a limiting housing (11) and an extrusion housing (12); the limiting housing (11) is sleeved on the preliminary propulsion section (21), the crushing section (22) and the re - propulsion section (23); the inner diameter of the limiting housing (11), the diameter of the preliminary propulsion spiral blade (211) and the diameter of the re - propulsion spiral blade (231) are all the same; the extrusion housing (12) is sleeved on the extrusion section (24); the extrusion housing (12) includes a blocking section (121) and a release section (122), the top of the extrusion housing (12) has a feeding space, the bottom of the blocking section (121) is in contact with the bottoms of the two central shafts (2), the bottom of the release section (122) has a blanking space, and a blanking assembly (6) is also connected to the bottom of the release section (122).

4. The material extrusion and mixing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blanking assembly (6) includes a blanking funnel (61), a blanking rotating shaft (62), a plurality of stirring rods (63), a second belt unit (64) and a stirring motor (65); the blanking funnel (61) is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the release section (122), the blanking rotating shaft (62) is rotatably connected in the blanking funnel (61) through a support frame, a plurality of stirring rods (63) are fixedly installed on the blanking rotating shaft (62), the second belt unit (64) includes a second driving pulley, a second driven pulley and a second belt, the second driving pulley is fixedly installed at the output end of the stirring motor (65), the second driven pulley is fixedly sleeved on the blanking rotating shaft (62), and the second belt is connected between the second driving pulley and the second driven pulley; the stirring motor (65) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the blanking funnel (61), a connection hole is opened on the blanking funnel (61) corresponding to the position of the second driven pulley, the second driven pulley passes through the connection hole, a protective box is rotatably connected to the blanking rotating shaft (62), the second belt unit (64) is arranged in the protective box, and two inclined avoidance blocks are arranged at the top of the protective box.

5. A material extrusion and mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base (7) is arranged below the housing (1), the housing (1) is fixedly installed on the base (7) through a fixing frame, both ends of the central shaft (2) penetrate through the housing (1) and are rotatably installed on the base (7), the fixed shaft (32) penetrates through the housing (1) and is rotatably connected to the housing (1), both ends of the fixed shaft (32) are fixedly installed on the base (7), a feeding funnel (8) is fixedly communicated with the housing (1) at the preliminary propulsion section (21); electric heating tubes (9) are installed on the housing (1) corresponding to the positions of the re - propulsion section (23) and the extrusion section (24), and a fixed housing is sleeved on the electric heating tubes (9), and both ends of the fixed housing are fixedly installed on the housing (1).

6. The material extrusion and mixing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (4) includes a driving motor (41), a third belt unit (42) and two driving gears (43). Both of the two driving gears (43) are fixedly sleeved at one end of the preliminary propulsion section (21), and the two driving gears (43) are meshed with each other. The third belt unit (42) includes a third driving pulley, a third driven pulley and a third belt. The third driving pulley is fixedly installed at the output end of the driving motor (41), the third driven pulley is fixedly installed at the end of one of the preliminary propulsion sections (21), and the third belt is connected between the third driving pulley and the third driven pulley.

7. A material mixing method, applied to the material extrusion and mixing equipment according to any one of claims 1-6; characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Start the reverse rotation of the two central shafts (2), and put different materials into the feeding hopper (8). S2. The materials enter the preliminary propulsion section (21), and the materials move forward and are preliminarily mixed under the action of the preliminary propulsion spiral fins (211). S3. The materials enter the crushing section (22), and the materials are further mixed and crushed into small pieces under the action of the crushing blocks (221). The materials move forward under the continuous propulsion of the preliminary propulsion spiral fins (211) and the propulsion of the crushing blocks (221). S4. The materials enter the re-propulsion section (23), and the materials move forward and are re-mixed under the action of the re-propulsion spiral fins (231). S5. The materials enter the extrusion section (24), and the materials are heated in the extrusion section (24). The materials move above the two extrusion cylinders (241) and fall below the extrusion cylinders through the extrusion of the two extrusion cylinders (241). S6. The materials are discharged through the discharge hopper (61) and are further mixed by the stirring rods (63).

8. A production process of polyamide material, characterized in that: The material extrusion and mixing equipment as described in any one of claims 1-6 is applied.

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