A super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant and its preparation method and application. The lubricant provided by the present invention comprises 0.5-5 parts of ionic liquid, 1-5 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.1-3 parts of bactericide, 0.01-1 part of defoamer, 0.001-0.1 part of nano-filler and 80-98 parts of water. In the present invention, the ionic liquid plays a main lubricating role. By adsorbing on the metal surface through polar cations and anions to form an adsorption layer, friction and wear are reduced. At the same time, the ionic liquid and water molecules form a hydrogen bond network layer and a low-shear layer through hydrogen bond interaction, improving the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant and maintaining an ultra-low friction coefficient; the nano-filler can not only improve the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant, but also polish and self-repair the surface of the workpiece during the cutting process, improving the surface finish of the workpiece. Under the synergistic action of each component, the load-carrying capacity and lubricating performance of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant and its preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] Cutting fluid refers to the processing fluid used in metal cutting, milling, grinding and other processes, and is an indispensable supporting material in the mechanical processing process. By improving the tribological properties between the tool and the workpiece, it can effectively extend the service life of the tool, protect the material from thermal damage and corrosion, improve the machining quality of the workpiece, reduce energy consumption, and mainly play the roles of lubrication, rust prevention, cleaning and cooling. Traditional oil-based cutting fluids use mineral oil as the base oil, which has problems such as easy smoking, flammability, and difficult cleaning of residual grease on the surface during processing. Moreover, the characteristics of high consumption, non-renewability and low biodegradation rate of mineral oil are also not conducive to green manufacturing. Water-based cutting fluids have advantages such as good cooling effect, easy cleaning, and environmental friendliness. However, water lubricants have poor load-carrying capacity and insufficient lubrication performance, and have certain corrosiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop water-based cutting lubricants with excellent performance to improve the lubrication performance of water-based cutting fluids. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant and its preparation method and application. The super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention has strong load-carrying capacity and excellent lubrication performance.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5-5 parts of ionic liquid, 1-5 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.1-3 parts of bactericide, 0.01-1 part of defoamer, 0.001-0.1 part of nano-filler and 80-98 parts of water.

[0006] Preferably, the ionic liquid comprises an anion and a cation;

[0007] The anion is one or more of dibutyl phosphate anion, alkyl carboxylate anion, alkyl sulfonate anion and alkyl benzene sulfonate anion;

[0008] The cation is one or more of alkyl imidazole cation, alkyl pyridine cation, alkyl amine cation, alkanolamine cation, tetrabutyl phosphonium cation and tetrabutyl ammonium cation.

[0009] Preferably, the molar ratio of the anion to the cation is 1:1.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps:

[0011] After mixing the anion precursor and acetonitrile, the cation precursor is added, and an acid-base neutralization reaction is carried out to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0012] Preferably, the rust inhibitor includes one or more of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2,4,6-tris(aminohexanoyl)-1,3,5-triazine, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid, dodecenyl succinic acid, dodecanedioic acid, sodium nitrite, triethanolamine oleate soap, and triethanolamine borate.

[0013] Preferably, the bactericide includes one or more of BK bactericide, MBM bactericide, BIT bactericide, Kathon bactericide, IPBC fungicide, compound bactericide MBS, and compound bactericide LF-3008.

[0014] Preferably, the defoamer includes one or more of silicone defoamer, mineral oil defoamer, polyether defoamer, and polyether-modified defoamer.

[0015] Preferably, the nano filler includes one or more of nano boron nitride, nano silica, nano diamond, nano MXene flakes, and nano graphene oxide.

[0016] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0017] The ionic liquid, rust inhibitor, bactericide, defoamer, and water are first mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

[0018] The mixed solution and the dispersion liquid containing the nano filler are secondarily mixed to obtain the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant.

[0019] The present invention also provides the application of the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to the above technical solution or the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared by the above technical solution preparation method in metal processing.

[0020] The present invention provides a super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5-5 parts of ionic liquid, 1-5 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.1-3 parts of bactericide, 0.01-1 part of defoamer, 0.001-0.1 part of nano-filler and 80-98 parts of water. In the present invention, the ionic liquid plays a main lubricating role. An adsorption layer is formed by the adsorption of polar cations and anions on the metal surface to reduce friction and wear. At the same time, the ionic liquid and water molecules form a hydrogen bond network layer and a low-shear layer through hydrogen bond interaction, improving the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant and maintaining an ultra-low friction coefficient; the rust inhibitor can prevent the cutting fluid from corroding the cutting equipment and the workpiece; the bactericide can inhibit the reproduction of bacteria in the cutting fluid, prevent the cutting fluid from emitting an odor and extend the service life of the cutting fluid; the defoamer plays a long-term defoaming and foam-suppressing role; the nano-filler can not only improve the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant, but also polish and self-repair the surface of the workpiece during the cutting process, improving the surface finish of the workpiece; the water acts as a solvent, playing a cleaning and cooling role, and can reduce the risk of blockage of the cutting equipment pipeline. Under the synergistic action of each component, the load-carrying capacity and lubricating performance of the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant are further improved. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 1 in Test Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 2 in Test Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 3 in Test Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 4 in Test Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 5 in Test Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 6 in Test Example 1;

[0027] Figure 7Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 7 in Test Example 1;

[0028] Figure 8 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 8 in Test Example 1;

[0029] Figure 9 Friction coefficient curve (a) and corresponding wear scar diameter (b) obtained for the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared in Example 2 in Test Example 2. Detailed implementation manner

[0030] The present invention provides a superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 0.5 - 5 parts of ionic liquid, 1 - 5 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.1 - 3 parts of bactericide, 0.01 - 1 part of defoamer, 0.001 - 0.1 part of nano filler, and 80 - 98 parts of water.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all components are commercially available products well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] In parts by mass, the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention comprises 0.5 - 5 parts of ionic liquid, further preferably 1.0 - 4.5 parts, and more preferably 2.0 - 3.0 parts.

[0033] In the present invention, the ionic liquid preferably comprises an anion and a cation. In the present invention, the molar ratio of the anion to the cation is preferably 1:1.

[0034] In the present invention, the anion preferably comprises one or more of dibutyl phosphate anion, alkyl carboxylic acid anion, alkyl sulfonic acid anion, and alkyl benzene sulfonic acid anion; the alkyl in the alkyl carboxylic acid anion, alkyl sulfonic acid anion, and alkyl benzene sulfonic acid anion is independently preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain saturated alkyl chain with 2 - 16 carbon atoms. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the anion preferably comprises dibutyl phosphate anion or dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid anion.

[0035] In the present invention, the cation preferably comprises one or more of alkyl imidazole cation, alkyl pyridine cation, alkyl amine cation, alkanolamine cation, tetrabutyl phosphonium cation, and tetrabutyl ammonium cation; the alkyl in the alkyl imidazole cation, alkyl pyridine cation, and alkyl amine cation is independently preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain saturated alkyl chain with 2 - 16 carbon atoms. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cation is preferably octyl imidazole cation or hexadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine cation.

[0036] In the present invention, the ionic liquid is preferably prepared, and the preparation method preferably includes the following steps: After mixing an anion precursor and acetonitrile, a cation precursor is added, and an acid-base neutralization reaction is carried out to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0037] In the present invention, the anion precursor preferably includes one or more of dibutyl phosphate, alkyl carboxylic acid, alkyl sulfonic acid, and alkyl benzenesulfonic acid. In the present invention, the cation precursor preferably includes one or more of alkyl imidazole, alkyl pyridine, alkyl amine, alkanolamine, tetrabutylphosphine, and tetrabutylammonium. In the present invention, the dosage ratio of the anion precursor to acetonitrile is preferably 25 g: 100 mL. In the present invention, the molar ratio of the anion precursor to the cation precursor is preferably 1: 1.

[0038] In the present invention, the temperature of the acid-base neutralization reaction is preferably 65 °C, and the time is preferably 6 to 12 h. In the present invention, the acid-base neutralization reaction is preferably carried out under stirring; the present invention has no special limitation on the stirring speed, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0039] After the acid-base neutralization reaction, the present invention also preferably includes successively carrying out reduced-pressure distillation to remove acetonitrile, washing with anhydrous ether, and reduced-pressure distillation to remove ether on the obtained reaction system.

[0040] In the present invention, the ionic liquid is preferably a colorless or light yellow oily liquid.

[0041] Based on the mass parts of the ionic liquid, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention includes 1 to 5 parts of a rust inhibitor, further preferably 2 to 4 parts, and more preferably 3 parts. In the present invention, the rust inhibitor includes one or more of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2,4,6-tris(aminohexanoate)-1,3,5-triazine, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid, dodecene succinic acid, dodecane dicarboxylic acid, sodium nitrite, triethanolamine oleate, and triethanolamine borate, and is further preferably sodium petroleum sulfonate or triethanolamine oleate.

[0042] Based on the mass parts of the ionic liquid, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention includes 0.1 to 3 parts of a bactericide, further preferably 0.5 to 2.5 parts, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 parts. In the present invention, the bactericide preferably includes one or more of BK bactericide, MBM bactericide, BIT bactericide, Kathon bactericide, IPBC fungicide, compound bactericide MBS, and compound bactericide LF-3008, and is further preferably BK bactericide or compound bactericide MBS.

[0043] Based on the mass fraction of the ionic liquid, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention comprises 0.01 to 1 part of an antifoaming agent, more preferably 0.03 to 0.08 part, and even more preferably 0.05 to 0.06 part. In the present invention, the antifoaming agent preferably comprises one or more of silicone antifoaming agents, mineral oil antifoaming agents, polyether antifoaming agents, and polyether-modified antifoaming agents, and is more preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.

[0044] Based on the mass fraction of the ionic liquid, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention comprises 0.001 to 0.1 part of nano-fillers, more preferably 0.01 to 0.08 part, and even more preferably 0.02 to 0.05 part. In the present invention, the nano-fillers preferably comprise one or more of nano-boron nitride, nano-silica, nano-diamond, nano-MXene flakes, and nano-graphene oxide, and are more preferably nano-boron nitride. In the present invention, the nano-silica is preferably hydrophilic nano-silica. In the present invention, the nano-fillers are filled in the friction interface during the friction process, further improving the load-carrying capacity of the cutting lubricant. At the same time, the polishing and self-repairing effects of the nano-fillers ensure the smoothness and flatness of the surface of the workpiece, solve the problem of rough surface of the processed workpiece that requires manual grinding in the later stage, can better protect the cutting tool, extend the service life of the cutting tool, and improve the accuracy of the processed workpiece.

[0045] Based on the mass fraction of the ionic liquid, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention comprises 80 to 98 parts of water, more preferably 82 to 95 parts, and even more preferably 85 to 90 parts. In the present invention, the water is preferably deionized water.

[0046] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0047] First mix the ionic liquid, rust inhibitor, bactericide, antifoaming agent, and water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0048] Second mix the mixed solution and a dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers to obtain the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant.

[0049] In the present invention, the ionic liquid, rust inhibitor, bactericide, antifoaming agent, and water are first mixed to obtain a mixed solution.

[0050] In the present invention, the process of the first mixing is preferably as follows: After premixing the ionic liquid and water, the rust inhibitor, the bactericide and the defoamer are sequentially added for remixing. In the present invention, the premixing is preferably carried out under stirring, the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 1000 rpm, and the time is preferably 10 min. In the present invention, the remixing is preferably carried out under stirring, the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 1000 rpm, and the time is preferably 30 min.

[0051] After obtaining the mixed solution, in the present invention, the mixed solution and the dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers are secondarily mixed to obtain the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant.

[0052] In the present invention, the dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers is preferably prepared, and the preparation method preferably includes: mixing the nano-fillers and water under stirring and ultrasonic conditions, then performing centrifugal separation, and taking the upper layer liquid to obtain the dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers.

[0053] The present invention has no special limitation on the ratio of the nano-fillers to water, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the present invention, when the nano-fillers are nano-MXene flakes, before the mixing, it preferably further includes etching the nano-MXene flakes with hydrofluoric acid. The present invention has no special limitation on the etching process, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0054] In the present invention, the mixing is preferably carried out at room temperature; the mixing time is preferably 48 h. The present invention has no special limitation on the condition parameters of the stirring and ultrasonic treatment, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the present invention, the rotation speed of the centrifugal separation is preferably 2000 r / min, and the time is preferably 15 min. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the nano-fillers in the dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers is preferably 2 mg / mL.

[0055] In the present invention, the process of the secondary mixing is preferably adding the dispersion liquid containing nano-fillers into the mixed solution under ultrasonic and stirring conditions, and then continuously performing ultrasonic and stirring. The present invention has no special limitation on the adding time, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the present invention, the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 1000 rpm; the time for continuously performing ultrasonic treatment is preferably 60 min.

[0056] The preparation method provided by the present invention can synthesize ionic liquids with a 100% yield. The polar additive substance is first added to water for dispersion, and under the combined action of ultrasonic and stirring, the nano-filler dispersion liquid is added, further improving the dispersion stability of the nano-fillers in the aqueous solution, and solving the problems of easy agglomeration and sedimentation of nano-materials. The preparation method provided by the present invention is simple, non-toxic and environmentally friendly, and can achieve long-term stable superlubricity between metal interfaces under harsh conditions. Almost no heat is generated during the friction process, avoiding the ablation of workpieces caused by frictional heat, saving energy consumption and ensuring production safety.

[0057] The present invention also provides the application of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant described in the above technical solution or the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in metal processing. The present invention has no special limitation on the specific implementation manner of the application, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0058] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant provided by the present invention, its preparation method and application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] 25 g of dibutyl phosphate was added to 100 mL of acetonitrile solvent, and then 24.76 g of decylimidazole was added to carry out an acid-base neutralization reaction. It was stirred at 65 °C for 8 h, the acetonitrile solvent was removed by vacuum distillation, and finally washed with anhydrous ether, and the ether was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a light yellow oily liquid, which was the ionic liquid [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole];

[0061] 100 mg of boron nitride powder with a particle size of 0.5 μm was added to 50 mL of deionized water, and it was continuously ultrasonically treated and stirred at room temperature for 48 h, and then the obtained liquid was centrifuged at 2000 r / min for 15 min, and the supernatant was taken to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion liquid with a concentration of 2 mg / mL;

[0062] In this example, the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant includes 2 parts of the ionic liquid [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole], 2 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 0.5 part of BK bactericide, 0.05 part of silicone defoamer, 0.01 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 95.44 parts of deionized water;

[0063] The preparation method of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant is as follows:

[0064] Weigh each component according to the above formula; after mixing the [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid and deionized water, stir at 1000 rpm for 10 min, then successively add the rust inhibitor, bactericide and defoamer, stir at 1000 rpm for 30 min, and then add the boron nitride nanosheet dispersion under the conditions of ultrasonic and stirring, continuously ultrasonic and stir at 1000 rpm for 60 min to obtain the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Use the [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid and boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1;

[0067] The superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant in this example includes 4 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid, 3 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts of BK bactericide, 0.1 part of silicone defoamer, 0.05 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 90.85 parts of deionized water;

[0068] The preparation method is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Use the [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid obtained in Example 1;

[0071] Add 5 g of the Mxene solution etched with hydrofluoric acid to 50 mL of deionized water, continuously ultrasonic at room temperature for 48 h, then centrifuge the obtained mixed dispersion at 2000 r / min for 15 min, and take the supernatant to obtain an Mxene nanosheet dispersion with a concentration of 2 mg / mL;

[0072] The superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant in this example includes 4 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid, 3 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts of BK bactericide, 0.1 part of silicone defoamer, 0.05 part of Mxene nanosheets, and 90.85 parts of deionized water;

[0073] The preparation method is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Add 25 g of dibutyl phosphate to 100 mL of acetonitrile solvent, then add 14.74 g of triethanolamine to carry out an acid-base neutralization reaction, stir at 65 °C for 8 h, remove acetonitrile by vacuum distillation, and finally wash with anhydrous ether and remove ether by vacuum distillation to obtain a pale yellow oily liquid, which is the [dibutyl phosphate][triethanolamine] ionic liquid;

[0076] Use the boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1;

[0077] In this embodiment, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant includes 2 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][triethanolamine] ionic liquid, 2 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 0.5 part of BK bactericide, 0.05 part of silicone defoamer, 0.01 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 95.44 parts of deionized water;

[0078] The preparation method is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] Add 25 g of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid to 100 mL of acetonitrile solvent, then add 7.75 g of N,N-dimethylbutylamine for an acid-base neutralization reaction, stir at 65 °C for 8 h, remove acetonitrile by vacuum distillation, finally wash with anhydrous ether, and remove ether by vacuum distillation to obtain a colorless oily liquid, which is [dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid][N,N-dimethylbutylamine] ionic liquid;

[0081] Use the boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1;

[0082] In this embodiment, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant includes 2 parts of [dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid][N,N-dimethylbutylamine] ionic liquid, 2 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 0.5 part of BK bactericide, 0.05 part of silicone defoamer, 0.01 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 95.44 parts of deionized water;

[0083] The preparation method is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] Use the [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid and boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1;

[0086] In this embodiment, the super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant includes 4 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid, 3 parts of triethanolamine oleate soap, 2 parts of BK bactericide, 0.1 part of silicone defoamer, 0.05 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 90.85 parts of deionized water;

[0087] The preparation method is carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] Use the [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid and boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1;

[0090] In this embodiment, the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant comprises 4 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid, 3 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts of compound bactericide MBS, 0.1 part of silicone defoamer, 0.05 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 90.85 parts of deionized water;

[0091] The preparation method is carried out in the manner of Example 1.

[0092] Example 8

[0093] The [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid and boron nitride nanosheet dispersion obtained in Example 1 are used;

[0094] In this embodiment, the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant comprises 4 parts of [dibutyl phosphate][decylimidazole] ionic liquid, 3 parts of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts of BK bactericide, 0.1 part of polyether defoamer, 0.05 part of boron nitride nanosheets, and 90.85 parts of deionized water;

[0095] The preparation method is carried out in the manner of Example 1.

[0096] Performance test

[0097] Test Example 1

[0098] The tribological properties of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricants obtained in Examples 1 to 8 are tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A). The steel balls used in the test are GCr15 bearing steel balls with a diameter of φ = 12.7 mm. The test conditions are a load of 294 N, a rotational speed of 1200 r / min, and the coefficient of friction (COF) at a long-term grinding time of 60 min at room temperature. The wear scar diameter on the surface of the steel ball is tested using an XDS-0745D optical microscope.

[0099] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 1 are as Figure 1 shown. It can be seen that this lubrication system enters the superlubricating state (COF < 0.01) after experiencing a running-in period of about 2400 s and maintains the superlubricating state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.812 mm. This indicates that this system has good lubrication performance. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, and it has good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0100] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 2 are as Figure 2As shown, it can be seen that, compared with Example 1, by increasing the additive concentration, the lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after about 600 s of running-in period, and the friction coefficient is smoother, and remains in the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.805 mm. This shows that by increasing the additive ratio, the system has better lubrication performance. In addition, the friction coefficient is lower, the frictional heat is smaller, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, and it is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0101] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 3 are as Figure 3 shown. It can be seen that, compared with Example 2, by replacing the boron nitride nanomaterial with the Mxene nanomaterial, the lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after about 2200 s of running-in period, and remains in the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.830 mm. This shows that the system still has good lubrication performance after replacing the nanomaterial. The wear scar surface is smooth and flat, and it is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0102] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 4 are as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen that, compared with Example 1, by replacing the ionic liquid with [dibutyl phosphate][triethanolamine], the lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after about 2700 s of running-in period, and remains in the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.825 mm. This shows that the system can still achieve superlubrication by changing the ionic liquid structure. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, and it has good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0103] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 5 are as Figure 5 shown. It can be seen that, compared with Example 1, by replacing the ionic liquid with [dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid][N,N-dimethylbutylamine], the lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after about 2100 s of running-in period, and remains in the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment, and the friction coefficient is lower. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.878 mm. This shows that the system can still achieve superlubrication by changing the ionic liquid structure. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, and it is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0104] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 6 are as Figure 6As shown, it can be seen that compared with Example 2, when the rust inhibitor is replaced with triethanolamine oleate soap, this lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after experiencing a running-in period of about 1900 s and maintains the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.877 mm. This shows that by changing the type of rust inhibitor, this system still has good lubrication performance. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, with good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0105] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 7 are as Figure 7 As shown, it can be seen that compared with Example 2, when the bactericide is replaced with the compound bactericide MBS, this lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after experiencing a running-in period of about 1800 s and maintains the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.832 mm. This shows that by changing the type of bactericide, this system still has good lubrication performance. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, with good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0106] The test results of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant obtained in Example 8 are as Figure 8 As shown, it can be seen that compared with Example 2, when the defoamer is replaced with a polyether defoamer, this lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after experiencing a running-in period of about 1500 s and maintains the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.829 mm. This shows that by changing the type of defoamer, this system still has good lubrication performance. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, with good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0107] Test Example 2

[0108] The tribological properties of the cutting lubricant obtained in Example 2 were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A). The steel balls used in the test were GCr15 bearing steel balls with a diameter of φ = 12.7 mm. The test conditions were a load of 392 N, a rotational speed of 1450 r / min, and the coefficient of friction (COF) at a long-term grinding time of 60 min at room temperature. The wear scar diameter on the surface of the steel balls was tested using an XDS-0745D optical microscope.

[0109] The results are as Figure 9 As shown, compared with the results of Example 2 in Test Example 1, it can be seen that when the load and rotational speed are increased to 392 N and 1450 r / min respectively, and the lubrication performance is evaluated under more severe conditions, this lubrication system enters the superlubrication state (COF < 0.01) after experiencing a running-in period of about 1500 s and maintains the superlubrication state until the end of the experiment. The wear scar diameter (WSD) is 0.866 mm. This shows that this system still has good lubrication performance within a wide range of loads and rotational speeds. In addition, the wear scar surface is smooth and flat, with good rust prevention performance, and is suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0110] Test Example 3

[0111] The tribological properties of the cutting lubricating fluid obtained in Example 2 were tested using a four-ball friction testing machine (MS-10A). The steel balls used in the test were GCr15 bearing steel balls with a diameter of φ = 12.7 mm. The maximum non-seizure load value (PB) of the prepared cutting lubricating fluid was measured using the GB-T3142-1982 lubricant load-carrying capacity determination method (four-ball method);

[0112] The results showed that the maximum non-seizure load value (PB) of the water-based cutting lubricating fluid was 1167 N, which was much greater than the PB value of ordinary water-based lubricants, indicating that this lubricating system had extremely high load-carrying and extreme pressure properties and was suitable for use as a metal cutting fluid.

[0113] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Other embodiments can be obtained based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant, characterized in that, Comprising the following components in parts by mass: 0.5 to 5 parts of ionic liquid, 1 to 5 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.1 to 3 parts of bactericide, 0.01 to 1 part of defoamer, 0.001 to 0.1 part of nano filler, and 80 to 98 parts of water; The ionic liquid comprises an anion and a cation; The anion is one or more of dibutyl phosphate anion, alkyl carboxylic acid anion, alkyl sulfonic acid anion, and alkyl benzene sulfonic acid anion; The cation is one or more of alkyl imidazole cation, alkyl pyridine cation, alkyl amine cation, alkanolamine cation, tetrabutyl phosphonium cation, and tetrabutyl ammonium cation; The nano filler comprises one or more of nano boron nitride, nano silica, nano diamond, nano MXene flakes, and nano graphene oxide.

2. The superlubricating water-based cutting lubricating fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the anion to the cation is 1:

1.

3. The super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the ionic liquid comprises the following steps: After mixing the anion precursor and acetonitrile, adding the cation precursor, and carrying out an acid-base neutralization reaction to obtain the ionic liquid.

4. The superlubricating water-based cutting lubricating fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rust inhibitor comprises one or more of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2,4,6-tris(aminohexanoic acid)-1,3,5-triazine, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid, dodecene succinic acid, dodecane diacid, sodium nitrite, triethanolamine oleate, and triethanolamine borate.

5. The super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricating fluid according to claim 1, wherein The bactericide comprises one or more of BK bactericide, MBM bactericide, BIT bactericide, Kathon bactericide, IPBC fungicide, compound bactericide MBS, and compound bactericide LF-3008.

6. The super-lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to claim 1, wherein The defoamer comprises one or more of silicone defoamer, mineral oil defoamer, polyether defoamer, and polyether modified defoamer.

7. The preparation method of the superlubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: First mixing the ionic liquid, rust inhibitor, bactericide, defoamer, and water to obtain a mixed solution; Second mixing the mixed solution and a dispersion liquid containing a nano filler to obtain the super lubricating water-based cutting lubricant.

8. Application of the super lubricating water-based cutting lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the super lubricating water-based cutting lubricant prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 in metal processing.

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