A method for installing bridge bearings

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for installing bridge bearings. A QR code for preventing incorrect installation is affixed to each bearing. The QR code contains information about the type and tonnage of the bearing. The intended installation position of the fixed bearing is determined based on the elevation of the top of the support pad stone, and the intended installation positions of the transverse movable bearing, longitudinal movable bearing, and multi-directional movable bearing are determined sequentially. Starting with the fixed bearing, a mobile terminal is used to scan the QR codes on each bearing in a specific direction. The information contained in the scanned QR codes provides feedback on the accuracy of the intended installation position of each bearing. After confirming the accuracy of the intended installation position, each bearing is installed. The advantages of this invention are: strong practicality, solving the problem of easy installation errors in bridge bearings; the use of QR codes and mobile APP software for on-site scanning to determine the bearing installation status, simple operation, low cost, and good results, making it highly valuable for promotion and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge bearing technology, and in particular to a method for installing bridge bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings are crucial structural connections and force-transfer components between the superstructure and substructure of a bridge, and their quality directly affects the overall performance of the bridge. Bridge bearings should possess sufficient vertical and horizontal load-bearing capacity, reliable restraint function, durability, and abrasion resistance. They are installed between the bearing pad at the top of the pier and the bottom of the beam. Commonly used bearings include spherical steel bearings and pot bearings.

[0003] To accommodate the deformation requirements of the bridge beam in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, fixed supports, transverse movable supports, longitudinal movable supports, and multi-directional movable supports are designed. Fixed supports are constrained by limiting plates in all directions; transverse movable spherical supports allow horizontal displacement only in the transverse direction, while being constrained by limiting plates in the longitudinal direction; longitudinal movable spherical supports allow horizontal displacement only in the longitudinal direction, while being constrained by limiting plates in the transverse direction; multi-directional movable spherical supports allow horizontal displacement in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0004] Due to the variety of bearing types, varying longitudinal slopes of the railway lines, and inconsistent on-site management levels, relying on on-site technicians or workers to manually verify bearing installation is complex and prone to errors. Based on past project experience, individual bearings are frequently installed incorrectly or backwards, leading to discrepancies between construction and design. Bearing rectification requires lifting the superstructure beams, removing part of the reinforced concrete pad, and replacing the bearings. This rectification project involves complex construction techniques, high costs, and delays.

[0005] Therefore, it is very important to find a method to prevent incorrect installation of bridge bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a bridge bearing installation method. By configuring a QR code containing information on the bearing and using a mobile terminal capable of scanning the QR code, effective guidance for bridge bearing installation can be achieved, ensuring the accuracy of the bearing installation position.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A bridge bearing installation method is provided for installing fixed bearings, transverse movable bearings, longitudinal movable bearings, and multi-directional movable bearings at the bottom of the bridge beams. Each bearing is installed at a specific position on the bottom of the bridge beams. The bridge beams are supported by piers, which are divided into high-mileage piers on the high-mileage side and low-mileage piers on the low-mileage side along the route. The method is characterized by the following steps:

[0009] A QR code for preventing incorrect assembly is affixed to each support. The QR code contains information about the type and tonnage of the support.

[0010] The proposed installation position of the fixed support is determined based on the elevation of the top of the support pad stone, and the proposed installation positions of the transverse movable support, the longitudinal movable support and the multi-directional movable support are determined in sequence.

[0011] Starting with the fixed support, the mobile terminal scans the anti-misinstallation QR code on each support in a certain direction and sequence. The information contained in the anti-misinstallation QR code scanned by the mobile terminal provides feedback on whether the intended installation position of each support is accurate.

[0012] The system determines the accuracy of the intended installation position of each support based on the feedback information from the mobile terminal, or adjusts the intended installation position of each support to meet the installation position requirements based on the feedback information from the mobile terminal.

[0013] After the intended installation location of each support is confirmed to be accurate, each support is installed.

[0014] The elevation of the support pad stone at the top of the high-mileage bridge pier and the low-mileage bridge pier is input into the mobile terminal. Then, the lower support pad stone is determined by the elevation measured on site, and the fixed support is installed at the lower support pad stone.

[0015] Along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, all the fixed supports are uniformly installed at the same side support pad located on the lower side.

[0016] The mobile terminal is equipped with an alarm module, which includes text display and alarm sound alerts.

[0017] After confirming that the intended installation positions of each support are accurate, the mobile terminal generates a support installation accuracy report.

[0018] The scanning sequence starts from the intended installation position of the fixed support, and then sequentially scans the support on the other side at the same mileage, the support on the same side at different mileages, and the support on different sides at different mileages.

[0019] The advantages of this invention are: it is highly practical, solving the problem of easy installation errors in bridge bearings; it uses QR codes and mobile APP software, and the on-site scanning program can judge the installation status of the bearings, which is simple to operate, low in cost, and effective, and has high promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of the support in this invention;

[0021] Figure 2This is a plan view of the beam bottom support arrangement in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (correct arrangement).

[0024] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (Error 1: The longitudinal support and the multi-directional support are installed in reverse order).

[0025] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (Error 2: Longitudinal supports cannot be on the same pier as fixed supports, and transverse supports cannot be on the same pier as multi-directional supports).

[0026] Figure 7 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (Error 3: Longitudinal supports cannot be on the same pier as fixed supports, and multi-directional supports cannot be on the same pier as transverse supports).

[0027] Figure 8 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (Error 4: Multi-directional supports cannot be on the same pier as fixed supports, and transverse supports cannot be on the same pier as longitudinal supports).

[0028] Figure 9 This is a plan view of the support arrangement at the bottom of the pier in this invention (Error 5: Multi-directional supports cannot be on the same pier as fixed supports, and longitudinal supports and transverse supports cannot be on the same pier). Detailed Implementation

[0029] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0030] like Figure 1-9 As shown in the figure, markings 1-15 represent: 1. Pier top support pad, 2. Beam body, 3. Pier top embedded bolts and sleeves, 4. Beam bottom embedded bolts and sleeves, 5. Lower support plate, 6. Upper support plate, 7. Mortar pad, 8. Beam bottom embedded steel plate, 9. Anti-misinstallation QR code, 10. Fixed support, 11. Lateral movable support, 12. Longitudinal movable support, 13. Multi-directional movable support, 14. High mileage pier, 15. Low mileage pier.

[0031] Example: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the bridge bearing installation method uses QR codes and mobile APP software. The on-site QR code scanning program judges the bearing installation status to ensure that the bearing installation meets the design requirements.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, a QR code 9 for preventing incorrect installation is affixed to the bearing plate 6. The bearing is transported from the factory to the bottom of the high-mileage pier 14 and the low-mileage pier 15. The developed mobile APP program is used to scan and verify the code. First, the position of the fixed bearing 10 is checked according to the top elevation of the bearing pad stone 1. It should be set at the lower end of the pad stone top. If it does not meet the requirements, a warning message is issued to replace the fixed bearing 10 to another pier. Then, the program judges whether the relative position relationship of each bearing is correct. If it is correct, an accurate bearing installation report is generated. If it is incorrect, a warning message is issued to replace the bearing position. After the accurate bearing installation report is generated, the bearing is finally hoisted to the top of the pier to complete the bearing installation.

[0033] Specifically, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pier top support pad 1 is located on the top of the high-mileage pier 14 and the low-mileage pier 15. The load of the bridge superstructure is transferred to the support pad 1 through the bearings, and then to the piers. The support pad 1 is a reinforced concrete structure, and the pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 3 of the bearings are installed on the support pad 1.

[0034] Beam 2 is a prestressed concrete or reinforced concrete structure, and its upper part bears the vehicle traffic load. The upper bearing plate 6 is fixed to the bottom of beam 2 by pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 4 at the bottom of the bearing beam and pre-embedded steel plate 8 at the bottom of the beam. The pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 3 at the top of the bearing pier, the pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 4 at the bottom of the bearing beam, the lower bearing plate 5, and the upper bearing plate 6 are important components of the bearing.

[0035] The mortar cushion layer 7 is located between the pier top support pad 1 and the lower bearing plate 5, with a thickness of 20-30mm. Non-shrink, high-strength grout is used to firmly fix the bearing to the pier top. The mortar must be poured densely to ensure the bearing is flat.

[0036] The upper part of the steel plate 8 embedded at the bottom of the beam is the bottom of the beam, and the lower part is closely attached to the support plate 5.

[0037] The anti-misassembly QR code 9 uses several geometric shapes corresponding to binary to represent textual and numerical information. It is automatically read by image input devices or photoelectric scanning devices for automatic information processing. It is manufactured in the factory during the production of each support and affixed to the support plate 6 for easy on-site scanning. The anti-misassembly QR code contains information including the type of support and its tonnage.

[0038] Fixed support 10 can fix the bridge beam 2 to the pier top support pad 1, preventing longitudinal or transverse displacement. Lateral movable support 11 can satisfy the requirement of lateral displacement and longitudinal fixation of the bridge beam 2. Longitudinal movable support 12 can satisfy the requirement of longitudinal displacement and lateral fixation of the bridge beam 2. Multi-directional movable support 13 can satisfy the requirement of both longitudinal and transverse displacement of the bridge beam 2.

[0039] The high-mileage pier 14 is a reinforced concrete structure, supporting the beam 2 via supports. The low-mileage pier 15 is a reinforced concrete structure, supporting the beam 2 via supports.

[0040] The high-mileage pier 14 and low-mileage pier 15 are arranged according to the longitudinal profile requirements of the line. One pier is located on the high-mileage side of beam 2, and the other is located on the low-mileage side of beam 2. The elevation of the top surface of the pier top support pad 1 may be different or equal. The fixed support 10 should generally be set at the end with the lower elevation of the support pad top of the high-mileage pier 14 and the low-mileage pier 15. When the longitudinal profile of the line is flat, it can be set on either side.

[0041] The installation method in this embodiment, when applied, may include the following steps:

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the construction process includes: construction of pier 14 (high mileage), pier 15 (low mileage), pier top support pad 1, bearing production (each bearing has an anti-misinstallation QR code 9 affixed) → bearing transportation to the construction site → pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 3 on the top of pier top support pad 1, pre-embedded bolts and sleeves 4 on the bottom of beam 2 → roughening the top surface of pier top support pad 1 → bearings transported to the bottom of piers 14 and 15, using a mobile phone "Anti-Misinstallation APP" to scan the anti-misinstallation QR code 9 of one span of the beam in sequence (right side of pier 14, left side of pier 14, right side of pier 15, left side of pier 15) → entering the top mark of the support pad of pier 14 (high mileage) and pier 15 (low mileage). High → The "Anti-Misalignment APP" program runs and judges → If the pier position where the fixed support 10 is to be installed is correct, then the relative relationship of each support is further judged. If the fixed support 10, the transverse movable support 11, the longitudinal movable support 12, and the multi-directional movable support 13 are all correct, an accurate support installation report is generated; if there is an error, an alarm message is issued (text display and alarm sound), reminding you to check and adjust the support position; if the pier position where the fixed support 10 is to be installed is incorrect, a warning is issued: "The fixed support should generally be set at the lower end of the pad stone. Please adjust the fixed support to another pier." After adjustment, the code is scanned again to judge until the position is accurate → The support is hoisted to the top of the pier for installation.

[0043] In this embodiment, the following judgment conditions are included:

[0044] The QR code for preventing incorrect packaging displays the following key information after being scanned with a mobile phone:

[0045] Fixed support: Code 10, support tonnage xKN.

[0046] Lateral movable support: Code 11, support tonnage xKN.

[0047] Longitudinal movable support: Code 12, support tonnage xKN.

[0048] Multi-directional movable support: Code 13, support tonnage xKN.

[0049] The "Anti-Error APP" displays the following:

[0050] The elevation of the top of the support pad stone on the pier top of the bridge pier at the high mileage 14 side is X (m), and the elevation of the top of the support pad stone on the pier top of the bridge pier at the low mileage 15 side is Y (m).

[0051] When X is less than or equal to Y, the fixed support 10 is correctly installed on the side with the lower elevation of the bearing pad. When X is greater than Y, the fixed support 10 is incorrectly installed and needs to be adjusted to another pier. During this process, the elevation of the bearing pad on the high-mileage pier 14 or the low-mileage pier 15 is clearly defined in the design drawings. The construction unit constructs according to the construction drawings. After the on-site construction is completed, the top elevation of the bearing pad can be re-measured to determine the position of the bearing pad on the lower side.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, after scanning the intended installation positions of each support in sequence according to the right side of the large mileage pier 14, the left side of the large mileage pier 14, the right side of the small mileage pier 15, and the left side of the small mileage pier 15, when the mobile terminal (phone) outputs the information with the code "10111213 Support installed correctly", it indicates that the intended installation position of each support is accurate, and then the support can be installed.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, after scanning each support in the same scanning order, when the output code "10111312 Installation Error 1" appears, it indicates that the longitudinal movable support 12 and the multi-directional movable support 13 are installed backwards. Please swap the left and right sides of the longitudinal movable support 12 and the multi-directional movable support 13. Here, the instruction "The longitudinal movable support and the multi-directional movable support are installed backwards; please swap the left and right sides of the longitudinal movable support and the multi-directional movable support" can also be displayed on a mobile phone, allowing construction personnel to directly view and understand the adjustment plan, and adjust the proposed installation position of the support accordingly.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, when the output code "10121311 Installation Error 2" is displayed, it means that the longitudinal movable support 12 cannot be on the same pier as the fixed support 10, and the transverse movable support 11 cannot be on the same pier as the multi-directional movable support 13. Please swap the longitudinal movable support 12 to another pier, the transverse movable support 11 to the pier on the side of the fixed support 10, and the left and right sides of the multi-directional movable support 13.

[0055] like Figure 7As shown, when the output code "10121113 Installation Error 3" is displayed, it means that the longitudinal movable support 12 cannot be on the same pier as the fixed support 10, and the multi-directional movable support 13 cannot be on the same pier as the transverse movable support 11. Please swap the longitudinal movable support 12 to another pier and the transverse movable support 11 to the pier on the side of the fixed support 10.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, when the output code "10131211 Installation Error 4" is displayed, it means that the multi-directional movable support 13 cannot be on the same pier as the fixed support 10, and the transverse movable support 11 cannot be on the same pier as the longitudinal movable support 12. Please swap the multi-directional movable support 13 to another pier and the transverse movable support 11 to the pier on the side of the fixed support 10.

[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, when the output code "10131112 Installation Error 5" is displayed, it means that the multi-directional movable support 13 cannot be on the same pier as the fixed support 10, and the longitudinal movable support 12 cannot be on the same pier as the transverse movable support 11. Please swap the multi-directional movable support 13 to another pier, the transverse movable support 11 to the pier on the side of the fixed support 10, and the left and right sides of the longitudinal movable support 12.

[0058] In this embodiment, the fixed support 10 is generally installed on the same side of the line for easy maintenance. It can be installed on the left or right side of the line (left or right depending on the direction of the line's movement), as in this embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the example assumes that fixed support 10 is installed on the right side of the track. If it is installed on the left side of the track, all other supports of the bridge must also be installed on the right side. That is, the fixed support can be installed at position 10 or 11. 10 mainly indicates that fixed support 10 is scanned first, and the relative relationship between other supports and the fixed support is fixed.

[0059] Based on this, since this embodiment essentially obtains the intended installation position information of each support that forms a positional constraint with the intended installation position of the fixed support 10 by scanning the anti-misinstallation QR code 9, in some cases, besides the scanning sequence of "right side of high mileage pier 14 (fixed support 10), left side of high mileage pier 14 (lateral movable support 11), right side of low mileage pier 15 (longitudinal movable support 12), left side of low mileage pier 15 (multi-directional movable support 12)" in this embodiment, it is also possible to start from the intended installation position of the fixed support 10 and directly use a clockwise or counterclockwise direction as the scanning sequence to obtain the current intended installation position information of each support, and compare it with the designed installation position of each support to determine whether the position of each support is accurate. For example, as Figure 4As shown, starting with fixed support 10, scan the supports one by one in a counterclockwise direction. The correct code output at this time should be 10111312. If the support has an incorrect installation position, the incorrect support position can be found by comparing it with the correct code and the corresponding adjustment can be made.

[0060] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A bridge bearing installation method, used to install fixed bearings, transverse movable bearings, longitudinal movable bearings, and multi-directional movable bearings at the bottom of a bridge beam. Each bearing is installed at a specific position on the bottom of the bridge beam, wherein the bridge beam is supported by piers, with piers on a high-mileage side and low-mileage side along the route. Fixed bearings fix the beam to the pier top support pads. Transverse movable bearings are installed at positions allowing for lateral displacement of the bridge beam while maintaining longitudinal fixation. Longitudinal movable bearings are installed at positions allowing for longitudinal displacement of the bridge beam while maintaining lateral fixation. Multi-directional movable bearings are installed at positions allowing for both longitudinal and lateral displacement of the bridge beam. The method is characterized by... The method includes the following steps: A QR code for preventing incorrect assembly is affixed to each support. The QR code contains information about the type and tonnage of the support. The proposed installation position of the fixed support is determined based on the elevation of the top of the support pad stone, and the proposed installation positions of the transverse movable support, the longitudinal movable support and the multi-directional movable support are determined in sequence. Starting with the fixed support, the mobile terminal scans the anti-misinstallation QR code on each support in a certain direction and sequence. The information contained in the anti-misinstallation QR code scanned by the mobile terminal provides feedback on whether the intended installation position of each support is accurate. The scanning sequence is as follows: starting from the intended installation position of the fixed support, then scanning the support on the other side at the same mileage, scanning the support on the same side at different mileages, and scanning the support on different sides at different mileages. The system determines the accuracy of the intended installation position of each support based on the feedback information from the mobile terminal, or adjusts the intended installation position of each support to meet the installation position requirements based on the feedback information from the mobile terminal. After the intended installation location of each support is confirmed to be accurate, each support is installed. The elevation of the support pad stone at the top of the high-mileage bridge pier and the low-mileage bridge pier is input into the mobile terminal. Then, the support pad stone on the lower side is determined by the elevation measured on site, and the fixed support is installed at the support pad stone on the lower side. Along the route, all the fixed supports are uniformly installed on the same side support pad located on the lower side.

2. The bridge bearing installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile terminal is equipped with an alarm module, which includes text display and alarm sound alerts.

3. The bridge bearing installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After confirming that the intended installation positions of each support are accurate, the mobile terminal generates a support installation accuracy report.

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