Preparation method of children's heterophoria correction glasses

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses, comprising: step 1, determining the type and level of heterophoria: shining a penlight between the eyebrows of the tested child, covering one eye and observing the eye movement of the other eye to determine the type and level of heterophoria; step 2, accurately detecting the heterophoria amount; step 21, correcting farsightedness: obtaining the myopia correction diopter of the tested child; step 22, finely measuring the heterophoria amount; step 23, adding a floating heterophoria amount; step 3, preparing heterophoria correction glasses: based on the heterophoria amount obtained in step 2, manufacturing a prism with a degree corresponding to the heterophoria amount, and combining the prism with a spherical lens with a correction diopter matching the tested child to prepare children's heterophoria correction glasses. This method can prepare glasses that accurately correct children's heterophoria, thereby solving various vision problems caused by heterophoria in children.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing glasses for correcting heterotropia of children. Background Art

[0002] From birth to the age of 5 or 6, when the binocular fusion function of a person's two eyes is established, it is almost impossible for the binocular visual axes to be absolutely parallel in the horizontal direction. Instead, there may be varying degrees of deviation inward (to the nasal side) or outward (to the temporal side). In daily life, the deviation of both eyes or one eye that can be seen is called manifest strabismus (usually called "strabismus"): the deviation of both eyes or one eye inward (to the nasal side) is called manifest esotropia (usually referred to as "esotropia"); the deviation of both eyes or one eye outward (to the temporal side) is called manifest exotropia (usually referred to as "exotropia"). The deviation of both eyes or one eye cannot be seen in normal use, but the potential deviation of both eyes or one eye can be detected by a heterophoria tester, which is called phoria: the deviation of both eyes or one eye inward (to the nasal side) is called esotropia; the deviation of both eyes or one eye outward (to the temporal side) is called exotropia. Manifest strabismus does not have binocular fusion function and has an obviously unsightly appearance, so it requires surgery or prism correction and visual function training to establish binocular fusion function (binocular single vision, stereoscopic vision) and symmetrical eye position; latent strabismus cannot be seen when the eyes are used normally, so it is ignored and not corrected by traditional optometry.

[0003] However, after years of research and practice, the inventors discovered that this neglected heterotropia is precisely the root cause of many vision problems, such as myopia, amblyopia (hyperopia), etc., which are closely related to heterotropia. In addition, due to the difficulty in determining the amount of heterotropia and the difficulty in manufacturing corrective lenses, there are currently no glasses that can effectively correct heterotropia in children. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses that can be made into glasses that can effectively correct the amount of heterophoria in children, thereby facilitating the correction of children's vision problems caused by heterophoria.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, determining the type and grade of the heterotropia: by shining a penlight between the eyebrows of the child under test at a distance of 30 to 40 cm, having the child under test look at two sight marks 33 cm and 5 meters in front of the child, respectively, and determining the rotation direction of each eyeball of the child under test by covering one eye and then removing the cover, and determining the type and grade of the heterotropia according to the rotation direction of the two eyeballs, the heterotropia types are divided into exophoria myopia, exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia myopia, esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia and amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia and amblyopia; the heterotropia grades are divided into severe heterotropia and mild heterotropia;

[0007] Step 2: Accurately detect the amount of heterophoria:

[0008] Step 21, correcting farsightedness: If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, correct the binocular vision to normal farsightedness consistent with the age of the tested child through bull's eye testing on a comprehensive optometry table and a spherical lens in an inserting box, and obtain the myopia correction diopter of the tested child;

[0009] If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia amblyopia, then detecting the best corrected visual acuity of each eye of the tested child;

[0010] Step 22: Refine the measurement of the amount of heterophoria:

[0011] If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, then, while maintaining binocular vision of the child to be tested and correcting the visual acuity according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 21, a vision test is performed on the child to be tested using an exophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterophoria grade determined in step 1 to find the maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical heterophoria that do not disrupt binocular fusion function, and these are used as the accurate exophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0012] If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria and hyperopia, esophoria and hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia amblyopia, then using an esophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterotropia grade determined in step 1 to perform a vision test on the child to be tested to find the maximum horizontal heterotropia amount and the maximum vertical heterotropia amount that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision function, as the accurate esophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0013] Step 23, add floating phoria amount:

[0014] If the measured exophoria is accurate, add 2-4Δ floating exophoria to the accurate exophoria as the final exophoria.

[0015] If the measured esotropia is accurate, add 1 to 2Δ of floating esotropia to the accurate esotropia as the final esotropia.

[0016] Step 3: Prepare corrective glasses for heterophoria:

[0017] If the final exophoria amount is obtained by the detection in step 2, an exophoria correction prism of a corresponding prism amount is determined according to the final exophoria amount, a spherical lens of a corresponding degree is determined according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2, and the determined spherical lens and the exophoria correction prism are combined to form exophoria correction glasses;

[0018] If the final amount of esotropia is detected in step 2, an esotropia correction prism of a corresponding prism amount is determined based on the final amount of esotropia, and a spherical lens of a corresponding degree is determined based on the monocular best corrected visual acuity obtained in step 2. The determined spherical lens and esotropia correction prism are combined into esotropia correction glasses.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses of the present invention are as follows: by first determining the type and grade of heterophoria, and then detecting the accurate heterophoria amount according to the determined heterophoria type and grade with the corresponding heterophoria measurement tool, and adding a floating heterophoria amount on the basis of the accurate heterophoria amount, and finally using the obtained final heterophoria amount, correction refractive power and other data to prepare heterophoria correction glasses composed of a spherical lens and a heterophoria correction prism. Since the used measurement method can quickly detect the accurate heterophoria amount and add the elastic heterophoria amount, it solves the problem that various other factors affect the heterophoria amount of the measured child, so that the prepared heterophoria correction glasses can better correct the child's heterophoria. For example, correcting the child's exotropia can significantly reduce the child's eye fatigue, delay or prevent the occurrence and development of myopia; correcting the child's esotropia can accelerate the recovery speed of hyperopic amblyopia and reduce the objective hyperopia, and improve the speed of establishing binocular single vision and stereoscopic vision functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of exophoria correction glasses prepared by the preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principles of daily-use glasses for correcting exophoria prepared by the preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the principle of a near lens for correcting exophoria prepared by the preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of esophoria correction glasses prepared by the preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any part not described in detail in the following description is considered to be common knowledge in the art.

[0026] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1, determining the type and grade of the heterotropia: by shining a penlight between the eyebrows of the child under test at a distance of 30 to 40 cm, having the child under test look at two sight marks 33 cm and 5 meters in front of the child, respectively, and determining the rotation direction of each eyeball of the child under test by covering one eye and then removing the cover, and determining the type and grade of the heterotropia according to the rotation direction of the two eyeballs, the heterotropia types are divided into exophoria myopia, exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia myopia, esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia and amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia and amblyopia; the heterotropia grades are divided into severe heterotropia and mild heterotropia;

[0028] Step 2: Accurately detect the amount of heterophoria:

[0029] Step 21, correcting farsightedness: If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, correct the binocular vision to normal farsightedness consistent with the age of the tested child through bull's eye testing on a comprehensive optometry table and a spherical lens or cylindrical lens in an insert box, and obtain the myopia correction diopter of the tested child;

[0030] If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia amblyopia, then detecting the best corrected visual acuity of each eye of the tested child;

[0031] Step 22: Refine the measurement of the amount of heterophoria:

[0032] If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, then, while maintaining binocular vision of the child to be tested and correcting the visual acuity according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 21, a vision test is performed on the child to be tested using an exophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterophoria grade determined in step 1 to find the maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical heterophoria that do not disrupt binocular fusion function, and these are used as the accurate exophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0033] If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria and hyperopia, esophoria and hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia amblyopia, then using an esophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterotropia grade determined in step 1 to perform a vision test on the child to be tested to find the maximum horizontal heterotropia amount and the maximum vertical heterotropia amount that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision function, as the accurate esophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0034] Step 23, add floating phoria amount:

[0035] If the measured exophoria is accurate, a floating exophoria of 2 to 4Δ is added to the accurate exophoria as the final exophoria; if the accurate exophoria only includes the maximum horizontal exophoria, a floating exophoria of 2 to 4Δ is added to the maximum horizontal exophoria as the final exophoria; if the accurate exophoria includes both the maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical exophoria, a floating exophoria of 2 to 4Δ is added to both the maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical exophoria, and the horizontal exophoria and vertical exophoria after adding the floating exophoria are taken as the final exophoria;

[0036] If the measured esotropia is accurate, a floating phoria of 1 to 2Δ is added to the accurate exotropia as the final esotropia; if the accurate esotropia only includes the maximum horizontal exotropia, a floating phoria of 2 to 4Δ is added to the maximum horizontal esotropia as the final esotropia; if the accurate esotropia includes both the maximum horizontal esotropia and the maximum vertical esotropia, a floating phoria of 2 to 4Δ is added to both the maximum horizontal esotropia and the maximum vertical esotropia, and the horizontal esotropia and vertical esotropia after adding the floating phoria are taken as the final esotropia;

[0037] Step 3: Prepare corrective glasses for heterophoria:

[0038] If the final exophoria is obtained by the detection in step 2, the exophoria correction prism (i.e., base inward prism, BI prism) of the corresponding prism amount is determined according to the final exophoria, and the spherical lens of the corresponding degree is determined according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2, and the determined spherical lens and the exophoria correction prism are combined to form exophoria correction glasses (see Figure 2 );

[0039] If the final amount of esophoria is obtained by the detection in step 2, the esophoria correction prism (i.e., base-outward prism, B0 prism) of the corresponding prism amount is determined according to the final amount of esophoria, and the spherical lens of the corresponding degree is determined according to the monocular best corrected visual acuity obtained in step 2, and the determined spherical lens and the esophoria correction prism are combined into esophoria correction glasses (see Figure 5 ).

[0040] In step 1 of the above method, if the rotation direction of a certain eyeball is from outward to inward along the horizontal direction, then the heterophoria type of the eyeball is confirmed to be exophoria myopia;

[0041] If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from outside to inside along the oblique axis, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia myopia;

[0042] If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from inward to outward along the horizontal direction, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is esophoria hyperopia or esophoria hyperopia amblyopia;

[0043] If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from inward to outward along the oblique axis, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is esotropia combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia or esotropia combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia and amblyopia.

[0044] In step 1 of the above preparation method, the method for determining the degree of heterophoria is as follows:

[0045] If the light reflected by the cornea after removing the mask deviates from the center of the pupil by 1mm (7°) to 2mm (15°), and then the eyeball rotates to make the light point return to the center of the pupil, it is mild heterotropia.

[0046] If the light point reflected by the cornea after removing the cover is in the middle of the pupil edge and the corneal edge (30°), or the light point is at the corneal edge (45°), and then the eyeball rotates to make the light point return to the center of the pupil, it is severe latent strabismus.

[0047] In step 22 above, the exophoria measurement tools used are: a Maddox rod, a plurality of base-inward prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of horizontal phoria, a plurality of base-down prisms (i.e., BD prisms) arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of vertical superior phoria, and a plurality of base-up prisms (i.e., BU prisms) arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of vertical inferior phoria;

[0048] The tools used for measuring esotropia are: Maddox rod, base-out prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for horizontal esotropia, multiple base-down prisms (i.e., BD prisms) arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for vertical superior esotropia, and multiple base-up prisms (i.e., BU prisms) arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for vertical inferior esotropia.

[0049] In the above-mentioned preparation method, among the multiple base-inward prisms (i.e., BI prisms) in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-inward prisms is less than 1Δ; during the horizontal exophoria measurement, base-inward prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ;

[0050] Among the multiple base-down prisms (i.e., BD prisms) in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-down prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical exophoria measurement process (this measurement process is performed in a state of correction based on the measured maximum horizontal exophoria), base-down prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner of increasing or decreasing the prism amount by less than 1Δ;

[0051] Among the multiple base-up prisms (i.e., BU prisms) in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-up prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical inferior exophoria measurement process (this measurement process is performed in a state of correction based on the measured maximum horizontal exophoria), base-up prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner of increasing or decreasing the prism amount by less than 1Δ;

[0052] Among the multiple base-outward prisms (i.e., B0 prisms) of the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-outward prisms is less than 1Δ; during the horizontal esophoria measurement process, base-outward prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ;

[0053] Among the multiple base-down prisms (i.e., BD prisms) in the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-down prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical superior esophoria measurement process (this measurement process is performed in a state of correction based on the measured maximum horizontal esophoria amount), base-down prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner of increasing or decreasing the prism amount by less than 1Δ;

[0054] Among the multiple base-up prisms (i.e., BU prisms) in the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-up prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical inferior esophoria measurement process (this measurement process is performed in a state of correction based on the measured maximum horizontal esophoria amount), base-up prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ.

[0055] In the above measurement, whether measuring exotropia or esotropia, the prism amount of replacing different prisms is preferably no more than 0.5Δ, such as increasing or decreasing the prism amount by 0.25Δ or 0.5Δ. This smaller change can determine the horizontal and vertical phoria amounts of the child to be tested more quickly and accurately, which not only improves the measurement efficiency, but also provides an accurate basis for the subsequent preparation of corrective glasses.

[0056] In step 22, the visual acuity of the child to be tested is tested using an exophoria measurement tool in combination with the phoria level determined in step 1 to find the maximum phoria that does not disrupt binocular fusion function, including:

[0057] If the determined level of exophoria is severe exophoria, multiple base-pointing inward prisms with a prism amount range matching the severe exophoria are selected from the exophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal exophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0058] If the determined exophoria grade is mild exophoria, multiple base-pointing inward prisms with a prism amount range matching mild exophoria are selected from the exophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal exophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0059] The visual acuity of the child to be tested is tested using an esotropia measurement tool in combination with the esotropia level determined in step 1 to find the maximum esotropia amount that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision in the following manner, including:

[0060] If the determined esophoria grade is severe esophoria, multiple base-outward prisms with a prism amount range matching the severe esophoria are selected from the esophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal esophoria amount of the child to be tested;

[0061] If the determined esotropia grade is mild esotropia, multiple base-outward prisms with a prism amount range matching mild esotropia are selected from the esotropia measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal esotropia amount of the child to be tested.

[0062] In the above-mentioned method of exophoria detection, the range of prism amount that matches the severe exophoria of the exophoria grade is:

[0063] 3~5 and 7~8, 6~8 and 12~14, 8~9 and 15~18;

[0064] The range of prism amount that matches the mild heterophoria grade is: 2-7, 3-8, 4-9, or 3-4 and 6-7.

[0065] In step 3 of the above preparation method, determining the spherical lens of corresponding degree according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2 includes:

[0066] Determine the spherical lens of the daily mirror and the spherical lens of the near-sighted mirror, where:

[0067] The corresponding degree of the spherical lens of the daily-use glasses is determined according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2;

[0068] The spherical lens of the near-vision lens is added with myopia added light for near-vision based on the myopia correction refractive power determined according to step 2. The myopia added light for near-vision is calculated in the following way: ADD=experimental ADD+(NRA+PRA)÷2; wherein ADD is the near-vision added light, NRA is the negative relative accommodation power, and PRA is the positive relative accommodation power.

[0069] The spherical lens of the daily-use glasses is combined with the determined exophoria correction prism to make daily-use glasses for correction, which can be worn during daily correction. The spherical lens of the near-use glasses is combined with the determined exophoria correction prism to make near-use glasses for correction, which can be worn during near-vision correction, such as correction during reading, writing, etc.

[0070] In step 3 of the above preparation method, if the heterophoria type is determined to be exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, the prism amount of the synthetic prism for correcting the exophoria is calculated according to the maximum horizontal exophoria amount and the maximum vertical heterophoria amount in the final exophoria amount obtained, and the formula is:

[0071] The prism amount of the synthetic prism for correction of exophoria combined with vertical phoria is Among them, H is the prism amount of the horizontal exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum horizontal exophoria, and V is the prism amount of the vertical exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum vertical exophoria;

[0072] The base of the synthetic prism for correcting exophoria combined with vertical phoria: first calculate the angle α between the base and the horizontal, tanα=V / H; then calculate the base: 180° or 360°-α;

[0073] If the heterotropia type is determined to be esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia or esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia and amblyopia, the corresponding prism amount of esophoria correction synthetic prism is determined according to the maximum horizontal esophoria amount and the maximum vertical heterotropia amount in the final esophoria amount. The calculation formula of the esophoria correction synthetic prism is:

[0074] The prism amount of the synthetic prism for correction of esophoria and vertical heterophoria is Among them, H is the prism amount of the horizontal exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum horizontal exophoria, and V is the prism amount of the vertical exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum vertical exophoria;

[0075] The base of the synthetic prism for correcting the esophoria and vertical phoria is as follows: first calculate the angle α between the base and the horizontal, tanα=V / H; then calculate the base: 180° or 360°-α.

[0076] In step 3 of the above method, the spherical lens for correcting far vision includes: a single spherical lens and a combined cylindrical lens, and the combined cylindrical lens is mainly used to solve the vision problem of astigmatism.

[0077] In summary, it can be seen that the preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention can accurately detect the amount of latent deviation of the child to be tested, and produce latent deviation correction glasses with corresponding refractive parameters to correct the latent deviation according to the determined latent deviation. The child to be tested can achieve the correction of the latent deviation by wearing the glasses normally, thereby solving various children's vision problems caused by the latent deviation.

[0078] The solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to preferred specific embodiments.

[0079] Example

[0080] The inventor has long studied and found that, because exophoria needs binocular visual axis to rotate inward when using eyes, from the perspective of the three-linkage vision (accommodation, convergence and pupil), as long as both eyes simultaneously rotate inward, adjustment will be increased, convergence and pupil reduction will be increased, and this state is to see near. Only when both eyes simultaneously turn outward will adjustment be relaxed, convergence is dispersed, and pupil dilation is real telescopic. So, for exophoria, looking into the distance becomes parallel and also is to see near, and the degree of binocular inward rotation is just larger when seeing near. Therefore, exophoria seeing near and looking into the distance are both to see near, and seeing near lastingly in the stage with strong plasticity of children's eyeball development will inevitably consume hyperopia reserve value too early, and early myopia. However, myopic glasses are just to correct farsightedness, and do not change the effect of binocular inward rotation, and also do not really realize the effect of telescopic control or delaying growth vision. Therefore, although wearing myopic glasses after myopia to see far clearly, myopia still continues to grow.

[0081] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses, which can conveniently and accurately correct the amount of heterophoria in children, including the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Preliminary determination of the type and degree of heterotropia: Shine a penlight between the eyebrows of the child at a distance of 33 to 40 cm (preferably around 33 cm). Have the child look at sight targets at 33 cm and 5 meters, respectively. While keeping the uncovered eye still, cover one eye and then remove the cover to observe whether the eyeball moves and the direction in which it moves to determine the type and degree of heterotropia.

[0083] Step 11. Determination of the degree of heterotropia: If the light point reflected by the cornea after removing the mask deviates from the center of the pupil by 1 mm (7°) and is located at the pupil edge by 2 mm (15°), and then the eyeball is rotated so that the reflected light point returns to the center of the pupil, it is mild heterotropia; if the light point reflected by the cornea after removing the mask is between the pupil edge and the corneal edge (30°), or the reflected light point is at the corneal edge (45°), and then the eyeball is rotated so that the reflected light point returns to the center of the pupil, it is severe heterotropia;

[0084] Step 12: Determine the type of heterotropia: if the eyeball turns inward after removing the mask, it is exophoria (i.e., exophoria and myopia); otherwise, it is esophoria (i.e., esophoria and hyperopia or esophoria and hyperopia and amblyopia); if the eyeball turns upward or downward on the basis of exophoria, it is exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia (i.e., exophoria combined with myopia); if the eyeball turns upward or downward on the basis of esophoria, it is esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia (i.e., esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia or esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia and amblyopia);

[0085] Step 2: Accurately detect exotropia and esotropia:

[0086] Step 21, correcting distance vision: For exophoria (i.e., any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical phoria myopia), correct both eyes to normal distance vision consistent with the age of the child being tested through bull's eye testing on a comprehensive optometry table and the use of a spherical lens or cylindrical lens in an insert box, and obtain the myopia correction diopter of the child being tested;

[0087] For children with esophoria (i.e., any of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hypermetropia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hypermetropia, and esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hypermetropia amblyopia), the best corrected visual acuity of one eye was measured;

[0088] Step 22: Refine the measurement of the amount of heterophoria:

[0089] Step 221, for exophoria (i.e., any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical exophoria myopia), while maintaining binocular simultaneous vision and the myopia correction diopter determined in step 21, a phoria tester (i.e., an exophoria measurement tool, including: a Maddox rod + multiple base inward prisms (i.e., BI prisms) and multiple BU prisms and multiple BD prisms) is used to find the maximum horizontal exophoria that does not disrupt the binocular fusion function, which is used as the accurate exophoria amount of the tested child; during the detection process, the amount of prism added or subtracted is based on a frequency of change of <1Δ, and the general exophoria amount is in the range of "2-7Δ", "3-8Δ", "4-9Δ", or "3-4Δ and 6-7Δ", or "3-5Δ and 7-8Δ", "6-8Δ and 12-1Δ4", "8-9Δ and 15-18Δ", etc. Among them, the ranges of "2-7Δ", "3-8Δ", "4-9Δ", or "3-4Δ and 6-7Δ" correspond to mild phoria with small eye movement after removing the cover in step 11; "3-5Δ and 7-8Δ", "6-8Δ and 12-14Δ", and "8-9Δ and 15-18Δ" correspond to severe phoria with large eye movement after removing the cover in step 11;

[0090] Furthermore, after measuring the horizontal exophoria, if vertical exophoria exists, after measuring the maximum horizontal exophoria, the maximum vertical exophoria of the child to be tested is measured using multiple BU prisms or multiple BD prisms while correcting the maximum horizontal exophoria. The maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical exophoria are used as the accurate exophoria of the child to be tested.

[0091] Step 222, for esophoria (i.e., any one of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hyperopia amblyopia), a phoria tester (i.e., an esophoria measurement tool, a Maddox rod + multiple base-outward prisms (i.e., B0 prisms) and multiple BU prisms and multiple BD prisms)) is used to find the maximum horizontal esophoria that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision; the parameters of the esophoria are generally in the range of 2 to 7Δ, 3 to 8Δ, 4 to 9Δ, 5 to 10Δ, etc. Among them, 2 to 7Δ and 3 to 8Δ are consistent with mild esophoria with a small eye rotation amplitude after removing the cover in step 11; 4 to 9Δ and 5 to 10Δ are consistent with severe esophoria with a large eye rotation amplitude after removing the cover;

[0092] Furthermore, after measuring the horizontal esotropia, if vertical esotropia exists, after measuring the maximum horizontal esotropia, the maximum vertical esotropia of the child to be tested is measured using multiple BU prisms or multiple BD prisms while correcting the maximum horizontal esotropia, and the maximum horizontal esotropia and the maximum vertical esotropia are used as the accurate esotropia amount of the child to be tested;

[0093] Step 23 Addition of implicit amount of float:

[0094] Step 231: For children with exophoria (i.e., either exophoria myopia or exophoria combined with vertical exophoria myopia), fine-tuning is performed based on factors such as the child's genetics, pen-holding posture, reading habits, and visual functions such as the AC / A value (accommodative convergence ratio), NRA and PRA values ​​(positive and negative relative accommodation), NPC (limit of cohesion), and FCC value (accommodative response). The exophoria amount (maximum horizontal exophoria, or maximum horizontal exophoria and maximum vertical exophoria) obtained in step 22 is adjusted up or down by a range of 2 to 4Δ.

[0095] Step 232: For children with esophoria (i.e., any of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical esophoria hyperopia amblyopia), a fine adjustment of 1 to 2Δ may be made to the measured esophoria amount (maximum horizontal esophoria amount, or maximum horizontal esophoria amount and maximum vertical esophoria amount) based on the child's refractive power, fusional power, and accommodation ability, to maximize cross-vision in binocular fusion.

[0096] Step 3: Prepare corrective glasses for heterophoria:

[0097] According to the accurate heterophoria amount obtained in step 2, heterophoria correction glasses are made to correct the heterophoria amount corresponding to the data. Because the heterophoria amount and refractive power of each person are different, it is necessary to process the customized data of the spherical lens amount and heterophoria prism amount of each child into lens blanks;

[0098] Step 31, for myopic esophoria correction glasses (structure see Figure 2 ), according to the data of the child's monocular pupil distance, pupil height, near light addition, etc., myopic children are processed into daily glasses for daily use (see the principle for details). Figure 3 ) and long-term use of near glasses (see the principle Figure 4 ), which can be worn all day during the developmental stage of children's eyesight, achieving correction and protection; the myopic addition for near use is calculated as follows: ADD = experimental ADD + (NRA + PRA) ÷ 2; where ADD is the near addition, the experimental ADD is 0.8 of the near corrected visual acuity, NRA is the negative relative accommodation power, and PRA is the positive relative accommodation power;

[0099] Step 32, for hyperopic esophoria correction glasses (structure see Figure 5 ) You only need to configure a pair of heterophoria correction glasses that can be used for both near and far vision. The far point is the data configured for fusion vision, while when looking close, it becomes cross vision, achieving a larger near vision.

[0100] Step 33: For cases where horizontal heterophoria is accompanied by vertical heterophoria, the horizontal prism and the vertical prism should be combined to make a more complete heterophoria correction glasses. The calculation formula for the synthetic prism of esophoria, exophoria and vertical heterophoria is the same, which is:

[0101] Prism amount of synthetic prism Wherein, H is the prism amount of the horizontal heterophoria correction prism, and V is the prism amount of the vertical heterophoria correction prism;

[0102] The base of the synthetic prism: first calculate the angle α between the base and the horizontal, tanα = V / H; then calculate the base: 180° or 360°-α.

[0103] The children's heterophoria correction glasses formulated using the present invention have the following effects on myopia: while maintaining binocular fusion, they achieve a telescopic state with divergent visual axes and relaxed accommodation for near vision. They also achieve simultaneous binocular heterophoria correction for telescopic vision, achieving a dual telescopic state of convergence (divergence) and relaxed accommodation. Long-term use during children's eye development not only corrects near and far vision, enabling easier eye use, but also effectively delays or stabilizes the progression of myopia.

[0104] The eyeglass fitting method disclosed herein can tailor corrective eyeglasses to the heterophoria and visual acuity data of children with varying degrees of heterophoria. This provides a customized, personalized fitting solution. Because binocular vision is maintained, an increase in interpupillary distance widens the range of binocular fusion, demonstrating enhanced visual function. Compared to traditional eyeglass fitting methods that only use prisms for strabismus correction, this method avoids the side effect of wearing prisms that can expose heterophoria. Furthermore, because near and daily glasses compensate for the reduced accommodation caused by divergence of the binocular visual axes, loss of accommodation is avoided.

[0105] The glasses for correcting esophoria of children prepared by the method of the present invention have the following effects on hyperopic amblyopia: hyperopic amblyopia does not have binocular fusion function, and the objects seen by both eyes will show diplopia due to the monocular single vision state (primary visual function) (if there is no diplopia, the vision of one eye is suppressed, and the amblyopia of the suppressed eye will be more serious). The B0 prism is used in front of the eye to move the objects seen by the monocular eye toward the tip, and the visual axis that is not easy to turn inward due to the esophoria is forced to turn inward, thereby promoting the fusion of crossed images in the brain's visual center, which is equivalent to turning distant vision into near vision. Long-term near vision will gradually establish secondary visual function (fusional vision), and continued accumulation will lead to tertiary visual function (stereoscopic vision). The stereoscopic vision function will increase intraocular pressure, accelerate the rapid growth of the eyeball, and reduce the objective hyperopia.

[0106] In order to demonstrate the heterophoria correction effect of the children's heterophoria correction glasses produced by the preparation method of the present invention in practical applications, the inventors have tracked and obtained correction data of the glasses produced by this preparation method in experiments over a long period of time, as follows:

[0107] (1) Effect of heterophoria correction on myopia by using glasses prepared according to the present invention

[0108] Twenty children aged 8 to 12 years old were selected and equipped with myopia glasses as a control group. Another 20 children aged 7 to 14 years old were selected and equipped with heterophoria correction glasses according to the method of the present invention. They were observed for 24 months. The results of myopia are shown in the following table:

[0109] Comparison table of the effects of children wearing myopia glasses and heterophoria correction glasses prepared by the present invention

[0110]

[0111] From the above comparison, it can be seen that the heterophoria correction glasses of the present invention have obvious effects on myopia prevention and control, especially for children over the age of 10. Nearly 80% of the children achieved zero myopia growth in 24 months.

[0112] (2) Effect of heterophoria correction on hyperopia by using glasses prepared according to the present invention

[0113] Twelve children aged 6 to 14 with hyperopic amblyopia were treated with traditional glasses plus training and the heterophoria correction glasses prepared by the method of the present invention. The results were compared as follows:

[0114]

[0115] From the above comparison, it can be seen that the heterophoria correction glasses prepared by the method of the present invention can quickly improve the visual acuity of hyperopic amblyopia, quickly reduce the degree of hyperopia, and quickly establish the stereoscopic vision function.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, improvements, and equivalent replacements made in accordance with the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention, that is, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope of protection described in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, determining the type and grade of the heterotropia: by shining a penlight between the eyebrows of the child under test at a distance of 30 to 40 cm, having the child under test look at two sight marks 33 cm and 5 meters in front of the child, respectively, and determining the rotation direction of each eyeball of the child under test by covering one eye and then removing the cover, and determining the type and grade of the heterotropia according to the rotation direction of the two eyeballs, the heterotropia types are divided into exophoria myopia, exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia myopia, esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia and amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia and amblyopia; the heterotropia grades are divided into severe heterotropia and mild heterotropia; Step 2: Accurately detect the amount of heterophoria: Step 21, correcting farsightedness: If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, correct the binocular vision to normal farsightedness consistent with the age of the tested child through bull's eye testing on a comprehensive optometry table and a spherical lens in an inserting box, and obtain the myopia correction diopter of the tested child; If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria hyperopia, esophoria hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia hyperopia amblyopia, then detecting the best corrected visual acuity of each eye of the tested child; Step 22: Refine the measurement of the amount of heterophoria: If the type of heterophoria determined in step 1 is any one of exophoria myopia and exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, then, while maintaining binocular vision of the child under test and correcting vision according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 21, a vision test is performed on the child under test using an exophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterophoria grade determined in step 1 to find the maximum horizontal exophoria and the maximum vertical heterophoria that do not disrupt binocular fusion function, and these are used as the accurate exophoria amount of the child under test; If the type of heterotropia determined in step 1 is any one of esophoria and hyperopia, esophoria and hyperopia amblyopia, esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia, and esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia amblyopia, then using an esophoria measurement tool in combination with the heterotropia grade determined in step 1, a vision test is performed on the child being tested to find the maximum horizontal heterotropia amount and the maximum vertical heterotropia amount that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision function, and the values ​​are used as the accurate esophoria amount of the child being tested; Step 23, add floating phoria amount: If the measured exophoria is accurate, add 2-4Δ floating exophoria to the accurate exophoria as the final exophoria. If the measured esotropia is accurate, add 1 to 2Δ of floating esotropia to the accurate esotropia as the final esotropia. Step 3: Prepare corrective glasses for heterophoria: If the final exophoria amount is obtained by the detection in step 2, an exophoria correction prism of a corresponding prism amount is determined according to the final exophoria amount, a spherical lens of a corresponding degree is determined according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2, and the determined spherical lens and the exophoria correction prism are combined to form exophoria correction glasses; If the final amount of esotropia is detected in step 2, an esotropia correction prism of a corresponding prism amount is determined based on the final amount of esotropia, and a spherical lens of a corresponding degree is determined based on the monocular best corrected visual acuity obtained in step 2. The determined spherical lens and esotropia correction prism are combined into esotropia correction glasses.

2. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, if the rotation direction of a certain eyeball is from outward to inward along the horizontal direction, it is determined that the heterophoria type of the eyeball is exophoria myopia; If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from outside to inside along the oblique axis, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is exophoria combined with vertical heterotropia myopia; If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from inward to outward along the horizontal direction, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is esophoria hyperopia or esophoria hyperopia amblyopia; If the direction of rotation of an eyeball is from inward to outward along the oblique axis, it is confirmed that the type of heterotropia of the eyeball is esotropia combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia or esotropia combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia and amblyopia.

3. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the method for determining the degree of phoria is as follows: If the light reflected by the cornea after removing the mask deviates from the center of the pupil by 1 to 2 mm or is close to the pupil edge, and then the eyeball rotates to make the light reflected return to the center of the pupil, it is mild heterotropia. If the light point reflected by the cornea after removing the cover is between the pupil edge and the corneal edge, and if the light point is at the corneal edge, and then the eyeball rotates to make the light point return to the center of the pupil, it is severe latent strabismus.

4. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 22, the exophoria measurement tools used are: a Maddox rod, a plurality of base-inward prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of horizontal phoria, a plurality of base-down prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of vertical superior phoria, and a plurality of base-up prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the prism amount of vertical inferior phoria; The tools used for measuring esotropia were: a Maddox rod, a base-out prism arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for horizontal esotropia, multiple base-down prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for vertical superior esotropia, and multiple base-up prisms arranged in a gradient for measuring the amount of prism for vertical inferior esotropia.

5. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to claim 4, characterized in that: Among the multiple base-inward prisms in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-inward prisms is less than 1Δ; during the horizontal exophoria measurement, base-inward prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ; Among the multiple base-down prisms in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-down prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical superior phoria measurement, base-down prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ; Among the multiple base-up prisms in the exophoria measurement tool, the prism amount variation between adjacent base-up prisms is less than 1Δ; During the measurement of vertical upward phoria, base-up prisms with different prism amounts were replaced in a manner where the prism amount increased or decreased by less than 1Δ; Among the multiple base-outward prisms of the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-outward prisms is less than 1Δ; during the horizontal esophoria measurement process, base-outward prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner of increasing or decreasing the prism amount by less than 1Δ; Among the multiple base-down prisms in the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-down prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical upward phoria measurement, base-up prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ; Among the multiple base-up prisms in the esophoria measurement tool, the prism amount change between adjacent base-down prisms is less than 1Δ; during the vertical inferior phoria measurement process, base-up prisms with different prism amounts are replaced in a manner that the prism amount increases or decreases by less than 1Δ.

6. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step 22, the visual acuity of the child is tested using an exophoria measurement tool in combination with the phoria level determined in step 1 to find the maximum phoria that does not disrupt binocular fusion function, including: If the determined level of exophoria is severe exophoria, multiple base-inward prisms with a prism amount range matching the severe exophoria are selected from the exophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal exophoria of the tested child; If the determined exophoria grade is mild exophoria, multiple base-pointing inward prisms with a prism amount range matching mild exophoria are selected from the exophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal exophoria amount of the tested child; Performing a vision test on the child using an esotropia measurement tool in combination with the esotropia level determined in step 1 to find the maximum esotropia that can achieve binocular simultaneous vision in the following manner, including: If the determined esophoria grade is severe esophoria, multiple base-outward prisms with a prism amount range matching the severe esophoria are selected from the esophoria measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal esophoria amount of the tested child; If the determined esotropia grade is mild esotropia, multiple base-outward prisms with a prism amount range matching mild esotropia are selected from the esotropia measurement tool to measure the maximum horizontal esotropia amount of the tested child.

7. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the exophoria detection method, the range of prism amount matching the severe exophoria of the exophoria grade is: 3-5Δ and 7-Δ8, 6-8Δ and 12-14Δ, 8-9Δ and 15-18Δ; The range of prism amount that matches the mild heterophoria grade is: 2~7Δ, 3~8Δ, 4~9Δ, or 3~4Δ and 6~7Δ.

8. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step 3, determining a spherical lens of corresponding degree according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2 includes: Determine the spherical lens of the daily mirror and the spherical lens of the near-sighted mirror, where: The corresponding degree of the spherical lens of the daily-use glasses is determined according to the myopia correction diopter determined in step 2; The spherical lens of the near-vision lens is added with myopia added light for near-vision based on the myopia correction refractive power determined according to step 2. The myopia added light for near-vision is calculated in the following way: ADD=experimental ADD+(NRA+PRA)÷2; wherein ADD is the near-vision added light, NRA is the negative relative accommodation power, and PRA is the positive relative accommodation power.

9. The method for preparing children's heterophoria corrective glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step 3, if the heterophoria type is determined to be exophoria combined with vertical heterophoria myopia, the prism amount of the synthetic prism for correcting the exophoria is calculated according to the maximum horizontal exophoria amount and the maximum vertical heterophoria amount in the final exophoria amount obtained, and the formula is: Prism volume of synthetic prism for correction of exophoria combined with vertical phoria Among them, H is the prism amount of the horizontal exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum horizontal exophoria, and V is the prism amount of the vertical exophoria correction prism determined by the maximum vertical exophoria; The base of the synthetic prism: first calculate the angle α between the base and the horizontal, tanα = V / H; then calculate the base: 180° or 360°-α; If the type of heterotropia is determined to be esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia or esophoria combined with vertical heterotropia and hyperopia and amblyopia, the corresponding prism amount of the esophoria correction synthetic prism is determined according to the maximum horizontal esophoria amount and the maximum vertical heterotropia amount in the final esophoria amount. The calculation formula for the esophoria correction synthetic prism is: Prism volume of synthetic prism for correction of esophoria and vertical phoria Among them, H is the prism amount of the horizontal esophoria correction prism determined by the maximum horizontal esophoria amount, and V is the prism amount of the vertical esophoria correction prism determined by the maximum vertical esophoria amount; The base of the synthetic prism: first calculate the angle α between the base and the horizontal, tanα = V / H; then calculate the base: 180° or 360°-α.

10. The method for preparing children's heterophoria correction glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step 3, the exophoria correction prism is a BI prism; The prism for correcting esophoria is BO prism; The spherical lens includes: a single spherical lens or a combined cylindrical lens.

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