Promoter for improving utilization rate of rice seed treatment agent, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of improving rice seed treatment agent utilization rate of accelerator and its preparation method and application, it is characterized in that effective component is the mixture of gibberellin, brassinolide and amino oligosaccharide;The compound form of gibberellin, brassinolide and amino oligosaccharide is mother liquor.Three effective components are compounded and used, not only can avoid the single concentration of gibberellin high and cause seedling overgrowth, but also can avoid the unstable drug effect caused by large amount of brassinolide, in addition, amino oligosaccharide addition can induce plant resistance, promote root absorption of reagent, synergistic effect of three compounds, maintain high activity while also can promote the efficient absorption of seed treatment agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice seed treatment technology, and in particular to an accelerator for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Rice seeds are susceptible to various diseases and pests during germination, seedling formation, and field growth, which can lead to weak seedlings, seedling death, or reduced yield. Currently, seed treatment methods such as seed soaking, seed dressing, or seed coating are used to control pre-emergence diseases and pests. Some systemic pesticides can even provide long-term control of major diseases and pests during the rice growth period, while also promoting uniform and robust seedling emergence.

[0003] Seed coating agents are pesticide formulations with film-forming properties used to treat crop or other plant seeds. They solidify on the seed surface to form a film called the seed coating. The seed coating agent absorbs water and swells in the soil without dissolving, allowing the water and air necessary for normal seed germination to pass through. The pesticides and fertilizers it contains are slowly released, killing underground pests and seedling pests. It also helps prevent seedling and systemic diseases, improves seed germination rates, and promotes healthy seedling growth. Compared to conventional spraying, dusting, and soil treatment, seed treatment technology is the most economical and effective method for plant disease and pest control.

[0004] Commonly used rice seed treatment agents include imazalil, allicin, carbendazim, cyazofamid, tebuconazole, fludioxonil, metalaxyl, tebuconazole, fenitrothion, imidacloprid, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, carbofuran, thifluzamide, chlorantraniliprole, etc. Seed treatment agents can be formulated into seed treatment suspensions, dry seed dressings, seed treatment dispersible powders, seed treatment liquids, seed treatment dry powders, seed treatment emulsions, etc.

[0005] Seed coating technology, which involves coating pesticides onto the seed surface with certain adjuvants, is widely used in agricultural production due to its advantages of strong targeting, low dosage, and time and labor savings. However, previous studies have often overlooked the importance of seeds in the absorption and translocation of coated pesticides during the early stages of seedling development. After seed coating, the seed coat and cotyledons are the initial storage sites for the pesticide. After germination, the pesticide is absorbed by the seed and then translocated into the seedling. Although roots have a stronger capacity for pesticide absorption and translocation than seeds, the seed itself contributes more to the absorption and translocation of coated pesticides; moreover, the process of pesticide transfer to the upper parts of the plant is the result of the combined effects of the seed and root pathways. Therefore, improving the absorption and utilization rate of pesticides in seeds is of great significance for the development of seed-treated pesticides and ecological safety.

[0006] Gibberellins are a class of very important plant hormones, participating in many biological processes related to plant growth and development. Their most prominent function is accelerating cell elongation (gibberellins can increase the content of auxin in plants, and auxin directly regulates cell elongation). They also promote cell division and can promote cell expansion (without causing cell wall acidification). In addition, gibberellins have physiological effects such as inhibiting maturation, lateral bud dormancy, senescence, and tuber formation. Brassinolide is a novel, environmentally friendly plant growth regulator. Through appropriate concentrations of seed soaking and foliar spraying, it can promote the growth of vegetables, melons, fruits, and other crops, improve crop quality, increase crop yield, make crops more colorful and leaves thicker, and can also advance the tea leaf harvesting time, increase the sugar content of melons and fruits, make them larger, higher in yield, and more resistant to storage. Amino oligosaccharides have multiple mechanisms for disease prevention and resistance. In addition to acting as active signaling molecules, they can rapidly stimulate the plant's defense response, activate the defense system, and enable the plant to produce disease-resistant substances such as phenolic compounds, lignin, phytoalexins, and pathogenesis-related proteins. They can also enhance the activity of defense enzymes and reactive oxygen species scavenging enzyme systems related to disease resistance metabolism. The direct inhibitory effect of oligosaccharides on plant pathogens is also an essential component of their disease resistance.

[0007] However, currently, gibberellins, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharides are primarily used through foliar spraying to increase rice yield and improve stress resistance. As growth regulators, low concentrations promote development, while high concentrations inhibit growth. Their application in seed treatment is significantly limited due to factors such as concentration and pesticide formulation principles. While gibberellins and brassinolide can break seed dormancy and promote germination when used for seed treatment, they can cause excessive vegetative growth during seed dressing. For example, treating rice seeds with gibberellins or brassinolide can lead to rapid seedling growth, thin stems, and "leggy" seedlings. Amino oligosaccharides are generally used for foliar spraying; when used for seed soaking or root irrigation, they can stimulate root growth and reduce seedling diseases and pests. All three substances mentioned above can alter plant root activity, but they have not been used as promoters to enhance the absorption of systemic seed treatment agents by plant roots during growth. Therefore, this invention, through the rational ratio of these three main active ingredients, avoids the occurrence of "leggy seedlings" caused by inappropriate dosage, and promotes the absorption of seed treatment agents, thereby improving the utilization rate of the agents. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an accelerator for improving the utilization rate of seed treatment agents in rice, its preparation method and application, which effectively increases the absorption capacity of seed roots for seed treatment agents and improves the utilization rate of seed treatment agents.

[0009] Technical solution: A promoter for improving the utilization rate of pesticides used in rice seed treatment, wherein the active ingredients are a mixture of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide; wherein the gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide are all in the form of a stock solution, and the volume percentage of the active ingredients in the promoter is 40% to 60%.

[0010] Furthermore, the gibberellin and brassinolide in the active ingredients are stock solutions with a concentration of 0.01~0.05 mg / L; and the amino oligosaccharide is a stock solution with a concentration of 0.1~0.5 g / mL, and the solvent for all of them is ethyl acetate.

[0011] Furthermore, the accelerator also includes an auxiliary agent and water, wherein the auxiliary agent accounts for 10%-20% by volume in the accelerator, and the remainder is water.

[0012] Furthermore, the volume ratio of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide in the active ingredients is 1:1:1 to 1:3:4.

[0013] Furthermore, the promoter also includes an adjuvant that promotes the dissolution and absorption of the active ingredient, wherein the adjuvant is biochar, urea and ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:2:7.

[0014] Furthermore, the gibberellin mentioned is GA3, which has the strongest physiological activity and is currently the most widely studied.

[0015] Furthermore, the brassinolide is 14-hydroxybrassinolide with activity comparable to naturally extracted brassinolide.

[0016] Furthermore, the amino oligosaccharide is an oligosaccharide of D-glucosamine linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds, which is obtained by chitin degradation from crustaceans and then extracted by microbial fermentation enzymes.

[0017] The preparation method of the above-mentioned promoter for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents includes the following steps: ① Accurately weigh biochar, urea and ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:2:7 and mix them. Shear the mixture at 3000 rpm for 30 min in a high-speed shearing machine so that the biochar and urea can be evenly dispersed in the ethanol; ② Mix the effective components of the promoter, the adjuvant and water according to the above ratio, and then shear the mixture at 1000 rpm for 2 h in a high-speed shearing machine to obtain promoters of different concentrations and ratios.

[0018] The application of the above-mentioned promoter to improve the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents is specifically to mix the promoter with the seed treatment agent evenly and then coat or coat the rice seeds; the dosage of the promoter is: based on the amount of rice seeds used, add 5~20 mL of promoter per kilogram of rice seed field, and further optimize to 10~15 mL.

[0019] The rice seed treatment agent is a commonly used seed treatment agent or an agent that can be used for seed coating. It is generally a common insecticide and fungicide. Specifically, 50% chlorantraniliprole seed treatment suspension, 24% thifluzamide suspension, 10% trifluralin suspension, or other agents that can be used for seed treatment can be selected.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the accelerator of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] This invention combines a growth promoter with conventional seed treatment agents to alleviate the stress of chemical agents on rice seed germination and emergence, thereby improving emergence rate and uniformity. Existing seed treatment agents, when used to coat rice seeds, cause an average delay of 2-3 days in germination and emergence due to the stress of the agents. This results in seedlings treated with these agents being smaller than ordinary seedlings under the same number of days. The added growth promoter, which is also a growth regulator, can alleviate the stress of the agents and improve seedling quality.

[0022] 2) When the promoters of this invention are mixed with rice seeds, they effectively improve the absorption capacity of the seed embryo and radicle for the pesticide, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the seed treatment pesticide. This is mainly because gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharides can increase the activity of the seed embryo and radicle, enhancing their absorption of the pesticide. Under the same absorption capacity, the input of seed treatment pesticides can be reduced. The application method of this invention can be used in field crops, providing an effective method for improving the absorption capacity of rice seed treatment pesticides and promoting their efficient utilization.

[0023] 3) The compound ratio of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide in this invention was obtained based on a combination of extensive field trials and theoretical knowledge. The compound use of the three can firstly avoid the excessive growth of seedlings caused by high concentration of gibberellin alone, secondly avoid the unstable efficacy caused by large dosage of brassinolide, and thirdly, the addition of amino oligosaccharide can induce plant resistance and promote root absorption of the agent. The three compounded together have a synergistic effect, maintaining high activity while also promoting the efficient absorption of seed treatment agents. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A comparative diagram showing the effect of adding a growth promoter to seed treatment agents on the germination rate of rice after 3 days.

[0025] Figure 2 A comparative diagram showing the effect of adding a growth promoter to seed treatment agents on the 15-day emergence rate of rice.

[0026] Figure 3 A comparative diagram showing the accumulation of the seed treatment agent in rice plants 10 days after the agent was added to the seed treatment agent as a compound accelerator.

[0027] Figure 4 A comparative diagram showing the accumulation of the seed treatment agent in rice plants 20 days after the agent was added to the seed treatment agent as a compound accelerator.

[0028] Figure 5 A comparative diagram showing the accumulation of a growth promoter in rice plants 30 days after seed treatment with a seed dressing agent. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0030] In the following examples and comparative examples, the gibberellin and brassinolide used were stock solutions with a concentration of 0.02 mg / L; the amino oligosaccharide used was a stock solution with a concentration of 0.4 g / mL; and the solvent used was ethyl acetate.

[0031] ① Weigh biochar, urea, and ethanol accurately in a weight ratio of 1:2:7 and mix them. Shear the mixture at 3000 rpm for 30 min using a high-speed shearing machine to ensure that the biochar and urea are evenly dispersed in the ethanol. ② Mix the active ingredient, auxiliary agent, and water in the accelerator according to a volume ratio of 50% active ingredient, 20% auxiliary agent, and the remainder water. Shear the mixture at 1000 rpm for 2 h using a high-speed shearing machine to obtain the accelerator.

[0032] The effect of adding a compound accelerator to seed treatment agents on the germination and emergence rate of rice.

[0033] Experimental rice variety: Nanjing 9108;

[0034] Treatment method: Soak rice seeds in clean water for 48 hours, then drain for 12 hours. Refer to Table 1 for the combinations and dosages of reagents used in each experimental treatment. Coat each kilogram of rice seeds according to Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1-1-5 in Table 1. Use a wet paper bed culture method to test the effect of each case on the germination rate of rice seeds. Specifically, place absorbent paper in a glass petri dish, thoroughly moisten with water, then drain excess water. Place approximately 100 rice seeds in each dish. Repeat each treatment three times. Place the dishes in an incubator at 35℃ for 24 hours, then adjust to 25℃. Record the number of germinated and ungerminated seeds on the third day, and calculate the germination rate of each treatment over 3 days. Simultaneously, the germination rate of each treatment was measured. Specifically, 100 rice seeds were selected and evenly sown in plastic seedling trays, covered with a thin layer of soil, kept moist, and placed indoors for 5 days of dark treatment. Afterward, the trays were moved outdoors for seedling cultivation. Water was replenished promptly during germination and emergence. The germination status of each treatment was investigated on the 15th day after sowing. The treatment combinations for each experimental group are as follows:

[0035] Table 1. Combinations and dosages of reagents for each experimental treatment

[0036]

[0037] Please refer to the processing results. Figure 1-2 As shown, the results indicate that while seed treatment with the pesticide alone did not affect the final emergence rate, it reduced the germination rate of rice seeds, with the 3-day germination potential significantly lower than that of the water control. The addition of gibberellin, brassinolide, or amino oligosaccharides alone can have certain effects on rice seedlings. For example, gibberellin alone visibly caused excessive seedling growth; excessive brassinolide poses a risk of burning seedlings; and amino oligosaccharides can induce the production of endogenous hormones such as gibberellic acid and indoleacetic acid in the plant, also causing excessive seedling growth. While the three pesticides, when used alone or in combination with the seed treatment pesticides, could improve the seed germination rate to some extent, there were still differences compared to the water control. In Examples 1 and 2, the addition of the growth regulators gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharides significantly improved seed vigor, alleviated pesticide stress, and increased the germination rate of seeds after pesticide treatment.

[0038] The accelerator is added to the seed treatment agent for seed dressing, and the flow and accumulation of the agent in the rice plant are observed.

[0039] Rice variety: Nanjing 9108;

[0040] Treatment method: Soak rice seeds in clean water for 48 hours, then drain for 12 hours. Each kilogram of rice seeds was coated with pesticides according to the combinations and dosages in Table 2. Sowing was carried out using 30cm×60cm×5cm rigid seedling trays, with 4 trays per kilogram of rice seeds. Rice seedlings from each treatment were collected on days 10 and 20 after sowing for pesticide residue testing. The combinations of each treatment are as follows:

[0041] Table 2. Combinations and dosages of reagents for each experimental treatment

[0042]

[0043] The results are as follows Figure 3-5 As shown: The results indicate that the use of gibberellin, brassinolide, or amino oligosaccharide alone can improve the utilization rate of seed treatment agents to some extent. However, at 10, 20, and 30 days after seed treatment, the residual amount of seed treatment agents in rice plants was higher than that in control 2-2 with a 30% reduction in agent dosage, but still showed some difference compared to control 2-1 without dosage reduction. This indicates that the ability of gibberellin, brassinolide, or amino oligosaccharide alone to improve agent utilization is limited. In Examples 3 and 4, with a 30% reduction in seed treatment agents, adding different ratios of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide significantly improved the absorption capacity of rice seeds for seed treatment agents. At 10, 20, and 30 days after seed treatment, the agent content in rice seedlings was comparable to that in control 2-1 without dosage reduction, but significantly higher than that in control 2-2 with only a 30% reduction in seed treatment agent dosage. Therefore, the combined addition of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharides to seed treatment agents can promote the absorption of the agents by the seeds and improve the utilization rate of the seed treatment agents.

[0044] It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit it. Several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A promoter for improving the utilization rate of pesticides used in rice seed treatment, characterized in that... The active ingredient is a mixture of gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide in a volume ratio of 2:3:6 or 2:3:3; the gibberellin, brassinolide, and amino oligosaccharide are all in stock solutions, and the active ingredient accounts for 40%-60% of the volume percentage in the accelerator; the gibberellin and brassinolide are stock solutions with a concentration of 0.01-0.05 mg / L; the amino oligosaccharide is a stock solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.5 g / mL, and the solvent is ethyl acetate; the accelerator also includes an adjuvant and water, the adjuvant accounting for 10%-20% of the volume percentage in the accelerator, with the remainder being water; the adjuvant is biochar, urea, and ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:2:

7.

2. The promoter for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gibberellin mentioned is GA3.

3. The promoter for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brassinolide is 14-hydroxybrassinolide, which has activity comparable to naturally extracted brassinolide.

4. The promoter for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino oligosaccharide is an oligosaccharide of D-glucosamine linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is obtained by chitin degradation from the chitin of crustaceans, followed by extraction by microbial fermentation enzymes.

5. A method for preparing an accelerator for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... The process includes the following steps: ① Weigh biochar, urea, and ethanol accurately in a weight ratio of 1:2:7 and mix them. Shear the mixture at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes using a high-speed shearing machine to ensure that the biochar and urea are evenly dispersed in the ethanol. ② Mix the active ingredient of the accelerator, the auxiliary agent, and water. Then shear the mixture at 1000 rpm for 2 hours using a high-speed shearing machine to obtain accelerators of different concentrations and ratios.

6. The application of the promoter for improving the utilization rate of rice seed treatment agents prepared according to claim 5, characterized in that... Mix the accelerator with the seed treatment agent evenly and then coat or coat the rice seeds; the dosage of the accelerator is: based on the amount of rice seeds used, add 5-20 mL of accelerator per kilogram of rice seeds.

Images