Precision manufacturing equipment and method for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts

Abstract

The present invention provides precision manufacturing equipment and methods for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts. The method of the present invention includes a pressure casting mold for forming part blanks, multi-station aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment for processing threaded holes in parts, and chemical mechanical polishing equipment for polishing the surface of parts. The pressure casting mold for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts of the present invention can quickly form multiple part blanks at one time, and the product has good mechanical properties and high surface quality, which solves the problems of large waste loss and low yield of such parts. The multi-station aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment has a simple equipment structure and can clamp multiple parts to be processed at one time, quickly completing thread processing, solving the problems of difficult clamping and low processing efficiency in mechanical processing of such parts. The chemical mechanical polishing equipment can clamp multiple parts to be processed at one time, and the parts are in contact with the polishing pad over a large area, with high polishing efficiency and automatic control of polishing liquid supply, discharge and cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision manufacturing of aluminum alloys, and in particular to equipment and a method for precision manufacturing of special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts. Background Art

[0002] The molding of complex-shaped aluminum alloy parts is a challenging problem in the field of metal material processing. The special-shaped, thin-walled, deep-cavity aluminum alloy part described in this invention is a key component used in the jet mechanism of marine equipment. Its complex shape features several difficult-to-machine features, including thin walls, deep cavities, and small-radius fillets. The wall thickness is only 1 to 3 mm, the cavity depth reaches 150 to 200 mm, the inner cavity fillet radius is R0.6 mm, and the outer wall fillet radius is R0.15 mm. The processing requirements for this part are stringent, requiring the inner and outer wall surface roughness to reach Ra1.6 or below to meet the requirements. Large-scale production is required, with over 100,000 units produced annually.

[0003] Based on the above problems, the use of traditional mechanical processing methods to process the part will bring about problems such as high processing costs, long processing time, high expenses, and difficulty in achieving mass production. Due to the large longitudinal length of the part, if the stretching forming method is used, surface tearing is likely to occur during the forming process, resulting in a high scrap rate. If the extrusion forming method is used, the mold design is difficult. The mold processing cost is high, and due to the shape of the part, the geometric waste loss produced is large and the yield rate is low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, high-quality, and high-efficiency method and equipment for manufacturing thin-walled, special-shaped, deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the technical problems raised above, a precision manufacturing equipment and method for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts are provided.

[0005] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts, comprising:

[0007] Pressure casting molds, used for forming parts blanks,

[0008] Multi-station aluminum alloy parts thread processing equipment, used for processing threaded holes of parts,

[0009] Chemical mechanical polishing equipment, used for parts surface polishing,

[0010] The pressure casting mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold.

[0011] The fixed mold includes a fixed mold body and a sprue, a small core, a fixed mold cooling water channel and a guide sleeve arranged thereon. The sprue is provided with a gate sleeve. The small core is detachably arranged in the center of the fixed mold body. The small core is used for forming blind holes and threaded bottom holes of parts.

[0012] The movable mold includes a movable mold body and a cavity body, a movable mold cooling water channel, a guide column and an ejection mechanism arranged thereon. The cavity body is provided with a main core and a diversion column. The cavity body is arranged with a cross runner and an overflow groove. The main core is used for forming deep cavities of parts. The fixed mold and the movable mold are opened and closed by the guide sleeve on the fixed mold and the guide column on the movable mold. The pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine, and the molten aluminum alloy is injected into the cavity at high speed. After the molding and mold opening, the ejection mechanism pushes the product out of the mold. Based on the guide sleeve and guide column, the correct position of the movable and fixed molds during installation and closing is guaranteed.

[0013] Furthermore, the ejection mechanism includes a push rod mounted on the mold cavity and a push plate positioned below the main body of the mold cavity. The push plate and the main body of the mold cavity are connected by a buffer spring. The ejection mechanism is a push plate with multiple push rods with circular cross-sections in the form of shoulders. The push rods have different diameters depending on their placement. Compression springs are used as a buffer to ensure smooth demolding of the casting.

[0014] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment includes a power mechanism, a pneumatic clamp disk, a screw, and a tool. The power mechanism includes a servo motor, a main drive shaft, a tool drive shaft, a toothed belt pulley and a toothed belt. The power mechanism is equipped with multiple tool drive shafts and can install multiple tools. The main drive shaft drives a tool drive shaft through a toothed belt, and the subsequent tool drive shaft is connected to the previous tool drive shaft through a toothed belt. The pneumatic clamp disk includes a cylinder, a guide column, a limit block and a clamp gripper. The clamp gripper includes a left gripper and a right gripper for clamping parts. The screw is connected to the screw hole on the pneumatic clamp disk and is driven by the drive shaft of the transmission mechanism to make the pneumatic clamp disk feed along the axial direction of the screw, while the tool rotates circumferentially to complete the tapping operation. The pneumatic clamp for aluminum alloy part threading equipment utilizes a tandem structure, with multiple left and right grippers mounted on two guide posts. Two pneumatic cylinders drive the two posts, moving all left grippers to the right and all right grippers to the left, enabling the simultaneous clamping of multiple parts. The grippers are equipped with elastic rubber protective strips, ensuring that when closed, the inner surface of the grippers conforms perfectly to the outer surface of the part, ensuring secure clamping without damaging the part.

[0015] Furthermore, the chemical mechanical polishing equipment includes a base, a pneumatic clamping device, a motion mechanism and a polishing liquid management module, the base includes an outer cavity, an inner core and a bottom plate, the top and bottom of the outer cavity are connected with metal pipes for supplying and recovering the polishing liquid, the inner wall of the outer cavity and the outer wall of the inner core are pasted with polishing pads, the motion mechanism includes a servo motor and a gear rack box, the servo motor drives the gears in the gear rack box to rotate forward and reverse, the rack is connected to the pneumatic clamping device through a nut, and is used to drive the pneumatic clamping device up and down, so that the surface of the part and the polishing pad on the base move back and forth relative to each other, and the polishing liquid management module includes a gear pump, a solenoid valve and a solenoid valve control module, which is used to manage the supply, replacement and recovery of the polishing liquid.

[0016] Furthermore, the mold cavity body is processed with two mold cavities, and the runner is in the shape of a T-shaped runner, so that the molten aluminum alloy can be introduced into the two mold cavities at the same time to form two parts at one time.

[0017] Furthermore, the lead screw and the processed thread have the same pitch, ensuring smooth coordination between the circumferential movement of the tool and the axial movement of the pneumatic clamping disc to complete the tapping operation.

[0018] Furthermore, the polishing liquid used by the chemical mechanical polishing equipment selects one or two of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, cerium oxide, and zirconium oxide abrasives of different particle sizes according to different stages of surface polishing, and uses green and environmentally friendly ingredients such as malic acid, citric acid, nicotinic acid, and tannic acid to adjust the polishing liquid to an acidic environment, and contains oxidants, metal surfactants, and complexing agent ingredients.

[0019] Furthermore, the polishing pad is an elastic and soft velvet polishing pad, and the distance between the inner core and the polishing pad on the outer cavity is slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the part, ensuring that there is a certain pressure between the polishing pad and the part during the polishing process.

[0020] Furthermore, the solenoid valve control module can control the mutual coordination of multiple solenoid valves. After one process is completed, the polishing liquid in the base is discharged under the action of gravity and then injected with clean water for flushing, thereby realizing automatic switching of multiple polishing stages.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for precision manufacturing of special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1. Part blank forming: The pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine. The fixed mold body and the movable mold body are closed with the help of guide pillars and guide sleeves with the help of the pressure casting machine. The molten aluminum alloy is taken into the sprue with the help of the pressure casting machine, and then passes through the diverter column and the cross runner to enter the mold cavity. At the same time, coolant is introduced into the cooling water channel of the fixed mold and the movable mold. After the molding is completed, the fixed mold body and the movable mold body are separated, and the push plate pushes the push rod to push the casting out of the mold cavity. The operator removes the casting with the help of a manipulator or an industrial robot;

[0023] Part thread hole processing: Multiple part blanks are placed on the fixture gripper of the aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment at one time. Compressed air is introduced into the cylinder. The workpieces are clamped at one time. The servo motor rotates forward, passing through the transmission box, driving the tool to rotate. At the same time, it drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw rotation drives the pneumatic fixture to perform axial feed motion of the tool. The servo motor reverses and the tool withdraws from the threaded hole. After repeated multiple times, the threaded hole processing is completed.

[0024] Part surface polishing: Place multiple part blanks on the fixture gripper of the chemical mechanical polishing equipment at one time, introduce compressed air into the cylinder, and the workpiece is clamped at one time. The solenoid valve controls the abrasive polishing liquid to flow through the upper metal pipe and inject it into the gap between the outer cavity and the inner core. After the polishing liquid is filled, the servo motor rotates forward and reverse, and drives the pneumatic fixture to move up and down through the gear rack box to perform the first polishing process. After polishing for 10 to 15 minutes, the solenoid valve controls the abrasive polishing liquid to flow out through the lower metal pipe, and the upper metal pipe injects clean water into the gap between the outer cavity and the inner core for flushing. After flushing, the abrasive polishing liquid is injected again, and the servo motor is started for the second polishing process. Polish for 10 to 15 minutes and then discharge. According to the polishing requirements, polishing with abrasive polishing liquid of different specifications is performed multiple times until the polishing requirements are met.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The pressure casting mold for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts can quickly form multiple part blanks at one time. The product has good mechanical properties and high surface quality, which solves the problems of large molding waste loss and low yield of such parts.

[0027] 2. Multi-station aluminum alloy parts thread processing equipment has a simple equipment structure and can clamp multiple parts to be processed at one time, quickly completing thread processing, solving the problems of difficult clamping and low processing efficiency in machining such parts.

[0028] 3. Green and environmentally friendly polishing liquid uses green and environmentally friendly ingredients such as edible fruit acid, which can effectively reduce waste liquid treatment costs and emission pollution while ensuring the polishing effect.

[0029] 4. Chemical mechanical polishing equipment can clamp multiple parts to be processed at one time. The parts are in contact with the polishing pad over a large area, with high polishing efficiency. The supply, discharge and cleaning of the polishing liquid are automatically controlled, which solves the problem of difficulty in mass production of such parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 The invention discloses a special-shaped thin-wall deep-cavity aluminum alloy part.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed mold of the pressure casting mold of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the movable mold of the pressure casting mold of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-station thread processing equipment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the pneumatic clamp of the present invention

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the chemical mechanical polishing equipment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer chamber structure of the chemical mechanical polishing equipment of the present invention.

[0038] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 101-fixed mold body, 102-sprue, 103-gate bushing, 104-fixed mold cooling water channel, 105-small core, 106-movable mold body, 107-diverter column, 108-cavity, 109-movable mold cooling water channel, 110-main core, 111-push rod, 112 push plate, 113 buffer spring, 114-guide column, 115-guide sleeve, 116-cross runner, 117-cavity; 201-first pneumatic clamp, 202-first servo Servo motor, 203-transmission box, 204-tool, 205-screw, 206-fixture guide column, 207-fixture guide sleeve, 208-limit block, 209-fixture gripper, 210-cylinder, 211-tool drive shaft, 212-toothed belt, 213-toothed belt pulley; 301-base plate, 302-outer cavity, 303-inner core, 304-second servo motor, 305-gear rack box, 306-upper metal pipe, 307-lower metal pipe, 308-polishing pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0042] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0044] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts, and the workpiece to be processed is as follows Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0047] Pressure casting molds, used for forming parts blanks,

[0048] Multi-station aluminum alloy parts thread processing equipment, used for processing threaded holes of parts,

[0049] Chemical mechanical polishing equipment, used for parts surface polishing,

[0050] The pressure casting mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold.

[0051] The fixed mold includes a fixed mold body 101 and a sprue 102, a small core 105, a fixed mold cooling water channel 104 and a guide sleeve 115 arranged thereon. The sprue 102 is provided with a sprue sleeve 103. The small core 105 is detachably arranged in the center of the fixed mold body 101. The small core 105 is used for forming blind holes and threaded bottom holes of parts.

[0052] The movable mold includes a movable mold body 106, a cavity 108 disposed thereon, a movable mold cooling water channel 109, guide pillars 114, and an ejection mechanism. The cavity body is provided with a main core 110 and a diverter pillar 107. A runner 116 and an overflow trough are arranged on the cavity body. The main core 110 is used for forming deep cavities of parts. The fixed and movable molds are opened and closed by a guide sleeve 115 on the fixed mold and a guide pillar 114 on the movable mold. The pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine, and molten aluminum alloy is injected into the cavity 117 at high speed. After the mold is opened, the ejection mechanism ejects the product from the mold. The guide sleeve 115 and guide pillar 114 ensure that the movable and fixed molds are correctly positioned during installation and closing. The multiple holes shown in the figure can serve as inlets and outlets for the cooling water pipelines.

[0053] Furthermore, the ejection mechanism includes a push rod 111 disposed on the mold cavity, and a push plate 112 disposed below the main portion of the mold cavity. The push plate and the main portion of the mold cavity are connected by a buffer spring 113. The ejection mechanism adopts the form of a push plate plus a push rod with a circular cross-section in the form of multiple shoulders. The diameter of the push rod is selected according to different installation locations. The compressed buffer spring 113 is used as a buffer to achieve smooth demolding of the casting.

[0054] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy parts thread processing equipment includes a power mechanism, a pneumatic clamping disc, a screw 205, and a tool. The power mechanism includes a first servo motor 202, a main transmission shaft, a tool transmission shaft 211, a toothed belt pulley 213 and a toothed belt 212. The transmission device is arranged in a transmission box 203. The power mechanism is equipped with multiple tool transmission shafts and can be equipped with multiple tools 204. The main transmission shaft drives a tool transmission shaft through a toothed belt, and the subsequent tool transmission shaft is connected to the previous tool transmission shaft through a toothed belt. In this embodiment, there are two rows of tools, one above the other, which are transported by different tool transmission shafts. The pneumatic clamp disk has several first pneumatic clamps 201, which include a cylinder 210, a clamp guide post 206, a clamp guide sleeve 207, a limit block 208, and a clamp gripper 209. The clamp gripper includes a left gripper and a right gripper for clamping parts. The lead screw is connected to the screw hole on the pneumatic clamp disk and is driven by the transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism to make the pneumatic clamp disk feed along the lead screw axis while the tool rotates circumferentially to complete the tapping operation. The pneumatic clamp of the aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment uses a series structure. Multiple left grippers and multiple right grippers are respectively installed on two guide posts. Two cylinders drive the two guide posts to move. All left grippers move to the right and all right grippers move to the left. Multiple parts to be processed can be clamped at one time. The gripper of the clamp is equipped with a rubber elastic protection strip. When the gripper is closed, the inner surface of the gripper is completely in contact with the outer surface of the part, ensuring reliable clamping without causing damage to the part.

[0055] Furthermore, the chemical mechanical polishing equipment includes a base, a pneumatic clamping device, a motion mechanism and a polishing liquid management module. The base includes an outer cavity 302, an inner core 303 and a bottom plate 301. The top and bottom of the outer cavity are connected with metal pipes for supplying and recovering the polishing liquid. The inner wall of the outer cavity and the outer wall of the inner core are pasted with polishing pads. The motion mechanism includes a second servo motor 304 and a gear rack box 305. The second servo motor drives the gears in the gear rack box to rotate forward and backward. The rack is connected to the pneumatic clamping device through a nut, which is used to drive the pneumatic clamping device up and down, so that the surface of the part and the polishing pad on the base move back and forth relative to each other. The polishing liquid management module includes a gear pump, a solenoid valve and a solenoid valve control module, which is used to manage the supply, replacement and recovery of the polishing liquid.

[0056] Furthermore, the mold cavity body is processed with two mold cavities, and the runner is in the shape of a T-shaped runner, so that the molten aluminum alloy can be introduced into the two mold cavities at the same time to form two parts at one time.

[0057] Furthermore, the lead screw and the processed thread have the same pitch, ensuring smooth coordination between the circumferential movement of the tool and the axial movement of the pneumatic clamping disc to complete the tapping operation.

[0058] Furthermore, the polishing liquid used by the chemical mechanical polishing equipment selects one or two of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, cerium oxide, and zirconium oxide abrasives of different particle sizes according to different stages of surface polishing, and uses green and environmentally friendly ingredients such as malic acid, citric acid, nicotinic acid, and tannic acid to adjust the polishing liquid to an acidic environment, and contains oxidants, metal surfactants, and complexing agent ingredients.

[0059] Furthermore, the polishing pad is a flexible, soft velvet polishing pad 308. The distance between the inner core and the polishing pad on the outer cavity is slightly less than the wall thickness of the part, ensuring a certain pressure between the polishing pad and the part during polishing. The outer cavity is provided with an upper metal pipe 306 and a lower metal pipe 307 for the flow of polishing liquid.

[0060] Furthermore, the solenoid valve control module can control the mutual coordination of multiple solenoid valves. After one process is completed, the polishing liquid in the base is discharged under the action of gravity and then injected with clean water for flushing, thereby realizing automatic switching of multiple polishing stages.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment discloses a specific molding method, which includes the following steps:

[0063] When the part blank is formed, the pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine. The fixed mold body 101 and the movable mold body 106 are closed with the assistance of the pressure casting machine through the guide column 114 and the guide sleeve 115. The molten aluminum alloy is taken into the straight runner 102 with the assistance of the pressure casting machine, and then passes through the diverter column 107 and the cross runner 116 to enter the two mold cavities 117. At the same time, coolant is introduced into the fixed mold cooling water channel 104 and the movable mold cooling water channel 109. After the forming is completed, the fixed mold body 101 and the movable mold body 106 are separated, and the push plate 112 pushes the push rod 111 to push the casting out of the cavity. The operator removes the casting with the assistance of a manipulator or an industrial robot, and the blank is formed.

[0064] When machining threaded holes in parts, the operator can place multiple part blanks on the fixture gripper 209 at once. Compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 210, completing the workpiece clamping process. The servo motor 202 rotates forward, driving the tool 204 through the transmission box 203. This, in turn, drives the lead screw 205, which in turn drives the pneumatic fixture to axially feed the tool 204. The servo motor 202 then rotates reversely, withdrawing the tool 204 from the threaded hole. This process is repeated three to four times to complete the threaded hole machining process.

[0065] When polishing the surface of a part, the operator can place multiple part blanks on the fixture gripper 201 at one time, and compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 210, and the workpieces are clamped at one time. The solenoid valve 308 controls the 500nm abrasive green and environmentally friendly polishing liquid to flow through the upper metal pipe 306 and be injected into the gap between the outer cavity 302 and the inner core 303. After the polishing liquid is filled, the servo motor 304 rotates forward and reverse, and drives the pneumatic clamp to make reciprocating motion up and down through the gear rack box 305 to perform the first step of polishing. After polishing for 10 to 15 minutes, the solenoid valve 308 controls the 500nm abrasive polishing liquid to flow out through the lower metal pipe 307, and the upper metal pipe injects clean water into the gap between the outer cavity 302 and the inner core 303 for flushing. After flushing, 100nm abrasive green and environmentally friendly polishing liquid is injected again. The servo motor 304 is started to perform the second step of polishing. Polishing for 10 to 15 minutes, the 100nm abrasive polishing liquid is discharged, cleaned, and 20nm abrasive green and environmentally friendly polishing liquid is injected to perform the third step of polishing. Polishing for 10 to 15 minutes, the operator removes the part for cleaning, and the part processing is completed.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts, characterized in that: include: Pressure casting molds, used for forming parts blanks, Multi-station aluminum alloy parts thread processing equipment, used for processing threaded holes of parts, Chemical mechanical polishing equipment, used for parts surface polishing, The pressure casting mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold. The fixed mold includes a fixed mold body and a sprue, a small core, a fixed mold cooling water channel and a guide sleeve arranged thereon. The sprue is provided with a gate sleeve. The small core is detachably arranged in the center of the fixed mold body. The small core is used for forming blind holes and threaded bottom holes of parts. The movable mold includes a movable mold body and a cavity body, a movable mold cooling water channel, a guide column and an ejection mechanism arranged thereon. The cavity body is provided with a main core and a diverter column. The cavity body is arranged with a cross runner and an overflow groove. The main core is used for forming deep cavities of parts. The fixed mold and the movable mold are opened and closed by the guide sleeve on the fixed mold and the guide column on the movable mold. The pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine, and the molten aluminum alloy is injected into the cavity at high speed. After the mold is formed and opened, the ejection mechanism ejects the product from the mold. Based on the guide sleeve and the guide column, the correct position of the movable and fixed molds during installation and closing is guaranteed; The aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment includes a power mechanism, a pneumatic clamp disk, a screw, and a tool. The power mechanism includes a servo motor, a main transmission shaft, a tool transmission shaft, a toothed belt pulley and a toothed belt. The power mechanism is equipped with multiple tool transmission shafts and can install multiple tools. The main transmission shaft drives a tool transmission shaft through a toothed belt, and the subsequent tool transmission shaft is connected to the previous tool transmission shaft through a toothed belt. The pneumatic clamp disk includes a cylinder, a guide column, a limit block and a clamp gripper. The clamp gripper includes a left gripper and a right gripper for clamping parts. The screw is connected to the screw hole on the pneumatic clamp disk and is driven by the transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism to make the pneumatic clamp disk feed along the axial direction of the screw, while the tool rotates circumferentially to complete the tapping operation; The chemical mechanical polishing equipment includes a base, a pneumatic clamping device, a motion mechanism and a polishing liquid management module. The base includes an outer cavity, an inner core and a bottom plate. The top and bottom of the outer cavity are connected with metal pipes for supplying and recovering the polishing liquid. The inner wall of the outer cavity and the outer wall of the inner core are pasted with polishing pads. The motion mechanism includes a servo motor and a gear rack box. The servo motor drives the gears in the gear rack box to rotate forward and backward. The rack is connected to the pneumatic clamping device through a nut, which is used to drive the pneumatic clamping device to move up and down, so that the surface of the part and the polishing pad on the base move back and forth relative to each other. The polishing liquid management module includes a gear pump, a solenoid valve and a solenoid valve control module, which is used to manage the supply, replacement and recovery of the polishing liquid.

2. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ejection mechanism includes a push rod arranged on the cavity body and a push plate arranged below the main body of the cavity body. The push plate and the main body of the cavity body are connected through a buffer spring.

3. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mold cavity is processed with two cavities, and the runner is in the shape of a T-shaped runner, which can introduce molten aluminum alloy into the two cavities at the same time to form two parts at one time.

4. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lead screw and the processed thread have the same pitch, which ensures that the circumferential movement of the tool and the axial movement of the pneumatic clamp disc cooperate smoothly to complete the tapping operation.

5. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The polishing liquid used in the chemical mechanical polishing equipment selects one or two of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, cerium oxide, and zirconium oxide abrasives of different particle sizes according to different stages of surface polishing, and uses green and environmentally friendly ingredients such as malic acid, citric acid, nicotinic acid, and tannic acid to adjust the polishing liquid to an acidic environment. The polishing liquid also contains oxidants, metal surfactants, and complexing agent ingredients.

6. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The polishing pad is an elastic and soft velvet polishing pad. The distance between the inner core and the polishing pad on the outer cavity is slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the part, ensuring that there is a certain pressure between the polishing pad and the part during the polishing process.

7. The precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solenoid valve control module can control the mutual coordination of multiple solenoid valves. After one process is completed, the polishing liquid in the base is discharged under the action of gravity and then injected with clean water for flushing, thereby realizing automatic switching of multiple polishing stages.

8. A method for precision manufacturing of special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts, using the precision manufacturing equipment for special-shaped thin-walled deep-cavity aluminum alloy parts according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1. Part blank forming: The pressure casting mold is installed on a standard pressure casting machine. The fixed mold body and the movable mold body are closed with the help of guide pillars and guide sleeves with the help of the pressure casting machine. The molten aluminum alloy is taken into the sprue with the help of the pressure casting machine, and then passes through the diverter column and the cross runner to enter the mold cavity. At the same time, coolant is introduced into the cooling water channel of the fixed mold and the movable mold. After the molding is completed, the fixed mold body and the movable mold body are separated, and the push plate pushes the push rod to push the casting out of the mold cavity. The operator removes the casting with the help of a manipulator or an industrial robot; Part thread hole processing: Multiple part blanks are placed on the fixture gripper of the aluminum alloy part thread processing equipment at one time. Compressed air is introduced into the cylinder. The workpieces are clamped at one time. The servo motor rotates forward, passing through the transmission box, driving the tool to rotate. At the same time, it drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw rotation drives the pneumatic fixture to perform axial feed motion of the tool. The servo motor reverses and the tool withdraws from the threaded hole. After repeated multiple times, the threaded hole processing is completed. Part surface polishing: Place multiple part blanks on the fixture gripper of the chemical mechanical polishing equipment at one time, introduce compressed air into the cylinder, and the workpiece is clamped at one time. The solenoid valve controls the abrasive polishing liquid to flow through the upper metal pipe and inject it into the gap between the outer cavity and the inner core. After the polishing liquid is filled, the servo motor rotates forward and reverse, and drives the pneumatic fixture to move up and down through the gear rack box to perform the first polishing process. After polishing for 10 to 15 minutes, the solenoid valve controls the abrasive polishing liquid to flow out through the lower metal pipe, and the upper metal pipe injects clean water into the gap between the outer cavity and the inner core for flushing. After flushing, the abrasive polishing liquid is injected again, and the servo motor is started for the second polishing process. Polish for 10 to 15 minutes and then discharge. According to the polishing requirements, polishing with abrasive polishing liquid of different specifications is performed multiple times until the polishing requirements are met.

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