A turnout detection wireless sensing collection device and a collection method

Abstract

This invention relates to a wireless sensing data acquisition device and method for turnout detection. The acquisition device includes a computing and processing unit, an A / D conversion unit, a sensor unit, and a wireless communication unit connected to the computing and processing unit. The acquisition device is powered by a battery and communicates with an external detection host via the wireless communication unit. The sensor unit connects to sensors installed on the turnout track and switch machine, and the connected sensors are respectively connected to the corresponding A / D conversion unit or computing and processing unit. Compared with the prior art, the device of this invention is small and portable, uses wireless communication for data transmission, battery and solar power, and contactless laser and vibration sensors for data acquisition. Without the constraints of cables, it can be easily deployed and disassembled, is convenient and efficient to use, and is recyclable, reducing overall costs.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of turnout detection, in particular to a turnout detection wireless sensing collection device and a collection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the construction of high-speed railways and the improvement of system automation level, the function and requirements of railway transportation on railway signals and auxiliary systems are also increasing. As a key device of railway signals, the adhesion of turnout directly affects the safety of railway transportation. The operation state and adjustment of turnout have always been one of the important tasks of railway electric power maintenance. The current methods for detecting railway turnout data mainly include the following:

[0003] 1) Manual detection: the staff conducts on-site inspection to observe the operation of the turnout, checks whether the track connection, locking device, turnout mechanism and other components of the turnout are normally operated. Manual detection can find problems in time, but the efficiency is low and is affected by human factors. 2) Mechanical detection: use special detection vehicles or equipment to detect the turnout, such as using laser range finders, infrared thermometers and other equipment to measure the track geometry and temperature of the turnout. Mechanical detection can improve detection efficiency and accuracy, but requires special equipment and technical support, is not convenient to use, and also requires manual detection on the track. 3) Line monitoring system: for example, Chinese patent applications CN115782970A and CN210707430U use sensors and data collection equipment installed on the turnout to monitor the operation state and parameters of the turnout in real time, and can remotely view the data. But its equipment uses a fixed installation method on the turnout, uses a cable for connection and communication, cannot be quickly disassembled and recycled, has a large overall investment, and has a high use cost. 4) Unmanned aerial vehicle detection: use unmanned aerial vehicle equipment to take aerial photographs of the railway turnout, obtain image and infrared thermal imaging, and detect the operation state and abnormal conditions of the turnout through image processing and analysis technology. This method can quickly conduct large-area inspection, but requires a lot of analysis time and cannot obtain accurate data.

[0004] The above are the current commonly used railway turnout data detection methods and their existing problems, especially the traditional line connection monitoring system has limitations such as complex use and maintenance, inconvenient deployment, and high cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a turnout detection wireless sensing collection device and a collection method.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] As a first aspect of the present application, a turnout detection wireless sensor acquisition device is provided, which comprises a computing processing unit and an A / D acquisition conversion unit, a sensor unit and a wireless communication unit connected to the computing processing unit, and is powered by a battery and communicates with an external detection host through the wireless communication unit.

[0008] The sensor unit is connected to sensors installed on the turnout track and switch machine, and the connected sensors are respectively connected to the corresponding A / D acquisition conversion unit or computing processing unit.

[0009] Further, the sensors include:

[0010] A laser close-fit sensor for measuring the close-fit amount and repulsion amount between the switch rail and the basic rail;

[0011] A laser frame sensor for detecting the gauge change of the basic rail;

[0012] A laser crawling sensor for detecting the extension distance of the switch rail;

[0013] A vibration sensor for collecting vertical direction vibration acceleration and a temperature and humidity sensor.

[0014] Further, the acquisition device is arranged near the switch rail traction point, and the specific arrangement of the connected sensors includes:

[0015] Laser frame sensors S1 and S2 are respectively installed on the two side basic rails, laser crawling sensors S3 and S4 are respectively installed near the end of the switch rail on the two side basic rails, laser close-fit sensors S5 and S6 are installed on the basic rails with the switch rail, a vibration sensor S7 is installed on the basic rail, and a vibration sensor S8 is installed on the switch machine.

[0016] Further, the acquisition device is arranged near the switch rail traction point, and the specific arrangement of the connected sensors includes:

[0017] Two laser close-fit sensors S9 and S10 are installed on the basic rail on the side where the tracks intersect each other, a vibration sensor S11 is installed on the basic rail, and a vibration sensor S12 is installed on the switch machine.

[0018] Further, characterized in that the turnout is provided with a corresponding reflecting plane at the light point irradiation position of the laser sensor.

[0019] Further, the device is also provided with a power management unit for voltage conversion, detection, charge and discharge management, and providing the required power supply for each unit;

[0020] The battery of the device adopts a secondary battery, and the device is further provided with a solar panel which charges the secondary battery through a power management unit.

[0021] Further, the acquisition device further comprises a debugging and downloading unit connected with the computing processing unit, used for debugging and data transmission by connecting to the acquisition device through a serial port or a network port; and a storage unit, used for storing data and files.

[0022] As a second aspect of the application, a turnout data acquisition method is provided, which adopts the turnout detection wireless sensing acquisition device as any one of the above, and the specific steps include:

[0023] The sensor is installed, and after completion, the working zero point is obtained through calibration to enter a normal working state;

[0024] Static and dynamic data of adhesion, frame, crawling, vibration, temperature and humidity of the turnout are acquired through the sensor;

[0025] The acquired data is stored in the device after AD conversion, and the stored data can be downloaded alone or analyzed and viewed in cooperation with a detection host device.

[0026] Further, the turnout detection method acquires sensor data in real time, comprehensively judges whether the turnout is passing or switching state and the direction of turnout switching according to the sensor installation position and the obtained sensor value; records the current state, and acquires corresponding dynamic data when the turnout switches and passes according to the state of the turnout; and the turnout detection method acquires static data at intervals.

[0027] Further, the judgment of whether the turnout is passing or switching state and the direction of turnout switching is as follows:

[0028] The turnout passing and switching state are judged according to the adhesion sensor and the vibration sensor, when the adhesion sensor value changes by more than a first adhesion threshold value, it is considered that the turnout is in the switching process, when the vibration sensor value changes by more than a first vibration threshold value and the adhesion sensor value changes by less than a second adhesion threshold value at this time, it is considered that the turnout is in the passing process;

[0029] The direction of turnout switching is judged according to a pair of adhesion sensors respectively located on two sides of the turnout and matched, when the adhesion sensor value at the positioning position changes from small to large and the adhesion sensor value at the opposite position changes from large to small, it is determined that the switching direction is from the positioning position to the opposite position, and vice versa.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1) The application is based on the switch detection wireless sensor collection equipment of WiFi communication, which uses WiFi to communicate with the detection host, uses a large-capacity secondary battery to provide energy, and does not use traditional cables. It can be quickly deployed, easily expanded, convenient and efficient, and can be recycled, reducing the overall cost.

[0032] 2) The collection equipment collects the static and dynamic data such as adhesion, frame, crawling, vibration, temperature and humidity of the switch through the sensor, and stores the data in the equipment after AD conversion. The stored data can be downloaded separately or analyzed and viewed with the external detection host equipment.

[0033] 3) The application additionally provides a large solar panel and a secondary battery on the top of the equipment to supplement the power, which has a long endurance time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the switch detection wireless sensor collection equipment based on WiFi communication of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 The deployment diagram of the switch detection wireless sensor collection equipment based on WiFi communication of the application in the switch;

[0036] Figure 3 The collection method flow chart of the switch detection wireless sensor collection equipment based on WiFi communication of the application;

[0037] The labels shown in the figure: 1, A7 core computing processing unit, 2, A / D acquisition conversion unit, 3, sensor unit, 4, debugging and downloading unit, 5, wireless communication unit, 6, storage unit, 7, RTC unit, 8, state display unit, 9, power management unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments are implemented on the basis of the technical scheme of the application, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The application provides a portable switch state detection collection method and equipment based on WiFi communication, which collects data and detects the state of the switch through the sensor installed on the track and the switch machine. It has the characteristics of wireless communication, battery and solar power supply, non-contact sensing collection, and quick disassembly and assembly. In particular, it has the characteristics of small size and portability, and can realize immediate detection in the form of "meter".

[0041] As Figure 1As shown, the said one kind based on WiFi communication's turnout detection wireless sensor collection equipment contains A7 core computing processing unit 1, A / D collection conversion unit 2, sensor unit 3, debugging and download unit 4, wireless communication unit 5, storage unit 6, RTC unit 7, state display unit 8, power management unit 9.The said one kind based on WiFi communication's turnout detection wireless sensor collection equipment is also connected with external laser close contact sensor, laser frame sensor, laser crawling sensor, vibration sensor, temperature and humidity sensor.

[0042] Wherein A7 core computing processing unit 1 is mainly responsible for computing and processing data, and its built-in includes SPI, I2C, USB, ETH, GPIO and other interfaces connected with all other units;The A / D collection conversion unit 2 is connected with A7 core computing processing unit 1 and sensor unit 3, sensor unit 3 is connected with external sensor and A7 core computing processing unit 1, sensor unit 3 connects the sensor to corresponding A / D collection conversion unit 2 or A7 core computing processing unit 1 according to the interface respectively, the sensor connected on A / D collection conversion unit 2 obtains high frequency, high precision sensor data through dedicated high-speed synchronous A / D conversion chip and transmits data to A7 core computing processing unit 1 for processing, and the sensor connected on A7 core computing processing unit 1 is directly collected and processed by it;The debugging and download unit 4 can be connected to the device for debugging and data transmission through serial port or network interface;The wireless communication unit 5 is connected to A7 core computing processing unit 1 through USB interface, which is the key unit to realize WiFi communication;The storage unit 6 is responsible for storing all data and files, especially sensor dynamic data files;The RTC unit 7 is connected with A7 core computing processing unit 1 through I2C interface, and saves the time in hardware RTC after the device synchronizes the time through network, to provide relatively accurate system time;The state display unit 8 is connected with A7 core computing processing unit 1 through GPIO interface, and is additionally connected with external display state light, and the core computing processing unit can control the state light display according to system condition;The power management unit 9 is connected with all other units, and provides power supply and power management for the whole system.

[0043] The power management unit 9 of the device is responsible for voltage conversion, detection, charge and discharge management, and provides the required power supply to each unit. The device is powered by a battery, which is externally connected to a large-capacity secondary battery and a solar panel that can be easily disassembled. The solar panel can charge the battery through the power management unit 9 to supplement the consumption of electrical energy, so that the device can have a continuous time of more than 3 days to be able to collect enough effective data for analysis to meet the needs of at least one maintenance cycle. The device uses a non-contact sensor to detect and collect the turnout, uses WiFi to communicate with the detection host, and uses a battery and solar power to achieve the purpose of being small and portable, quick to disassemble, easy to deploy, and easy to use, and optimizes the device under the condition of meeting the needs.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] As one of the embodiments of the present application, the device types used by each unit in the turnout detection wireless sensing and collecting device are as follows: A7 core computing and processing unit 1: MCIMX6Y2CVM05AB; A / D acquisition and conversion unit 2: ADS131M08; sensor unit 3: MAX13487; debugging and downloading unit 4: LAN8720AI, MAX3232EEAE; wireless communication unit 5: WG209, SKW77; storage unit 6: NT5CC256M16ER-EK, KLM8G1GETF; RTC unit 7: DS1337S; state display unit 8: D14-FXD-LED-L-N-6V-RGY-25; power management unit 9: LI031-60W, MIC4685BR, AMS1117. The turnout detection wireless sensing and collecting device is connected with external laser close-contact sensors, laser frame sensors, laser crawling sensors, vibration sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors. The power management unit 9 of the device is responsible for voltage conversion, detection, charge and discharge management, and provides the required power supply to each unit. The device is powered by a battery, which is externally connected to a large-capacity secondary battery and a solar panel that can be easily disassembled. The solar panel can charge the battery through the power management unit 9 to supplement the consumption of electrical energy, so that the device can have a continuous time of more than 3 days to be able to collect enough effective data for analysis to meet the needs of at least one maintenance cycle. The device uses a non-contact sensor to detect and collect the turnout, uses WiFi to communicate with the detection host, and uses a battery and solar power to achieve the purpose of being small and portable, quick to disassemble, easy to deploy, and easy to use, and optimizes the device under the condition of meeting the needs.

[0046] As Figure 2As shown, the embodiment also provides a typical deployment combination mode of the turnout detection wireless sensor collection device in the turnout. In the turnout action and train passing, the frog and the rail traction point are easily affected, especially in the train passing, the train wheels are easily pushed to appear abnormal conditions, so the monitoring of the turnout frog and the rail traction point is particularly important, and the detection device needs to be deployed at the two traction points for detection. As shown in Figure 2 As shown, the detection collection device 1 is installed near the turnout frog traction point, and 8 external sensors are connected through the A / D collection conversion unit 2. The sensors are laser frame sensors S1 and S2 installed on both sides of the basic rail, laser crawling sensors S3 and S4 installed on the basic rail at a position between 200 mm and 500 mm from the end of the frog, laser close contact sensors S5 and S6 installed on the basic rail at the frog, a vibration sensor S7 installed on the basic rail, and a vibration sensor S8 installed on the switch machine. As shown in Figure 2 The detection collection device 2 is installed near the turnout rail traction point, and 4 external sensors are connected through the A / D collection conversion unit 2, which are laser close contact sensors S9 and S10 installed on the basic rail, a vibration sensor S11 installed on the basic rail, and a vibration sensor S12 installed on the switch machine. In addition, the light point irradiation positions of the laser sensors are all installed with corresponding reflection planes to obtain better measurement effect, and the accuracy can reach 0.1 mm. The function of the laser frame sensor is to detect the gauge change of the basic rail, the laser crawling sensor is used to detect the extension distance of the frog, and the relationship between the extension amount of the frog and the temperature and humidity can be obtained by cooperating with the temperature and humidity sensor analysis, the laser close contact sensor is used to measure the close contact value and repulsion value between the turnout frog and the basic rail, and the vibration sensor is used to collect the vertical direction vibration acceleration.

[0047] This deployment is a typical deployment mode, and specific combination installation can be carried out according to actual conditions and detection needs to achieve the best detection effect. The laser close contact sensor installed at the frog and the rail can detect the close contact value, which can reflect the gap size between the frog and the basic rail; the laser frame sensor can detect the distance between the basic rails, which can reflect the gauge size between the basic rails; the laser crawling sensor can detect the extension amount of the frog, which can reflect the degree of misalignment of the two ends of the frog; and the vibration sensor can detect the vibration acceleration value, which can reflect the vertical stability of the track.

[0048] In the embodiment, the detection process of the turnout detection wireless sensor collection device based on WiFi communication is as follows Figure 3As shown, the device runs an ARM Linux system and dedicated software, and the sensor needs to be calibrated to obtain the working "zero point" after installation, and then enter the normal working state. In the normal working state, the device will collect sensor data in real time, and according to the sensor installation position and the obtained sensor value, it will comprehensively judge whether the turnout is passing or switching state and the switching direction, and record the current state. The specific judgment of turnout passing and switching is realized according to the close-fit sensor and the vibration sensor. When the close-fit sensor value changes greatly, it is considered that the turnout is switching. When the vibration sensor value changes greatly and the close-fit sensor value changes little at this time, it is considered that the turnout is passing. The direction of turnout switching is determined according to the access port during installation and the configuration of the configuration file. When the close-fit sensor value at the positioning position changes from small to large and the close-fit sensor value at the opposite position changes from large to small, it is determined that the switching direction is from the positioning position to the opposite position, and vice versa. According to the state of the turnout, the corresponding dynamic data is collected during the turnout switching and passing, and the data is saved as a file and uploaded to the detection host. At the same time, static data is collected at intervals and uploaded to the detection host.

[0049] The turnout detection wireless sensing collection device based on WiFi communication provided by the application collects static and dynamic data such as close-fit, frame, crawling, vibration, temperature and humidity of the turnout through sensors, and stores the data in the device after AD conversion. The stored data can be downloaded separately or analyzed and viewed in cooperation with the detection host device to achieve the purpose of detection, analysis and maintenance guidance. The device uses WiFi to communicate with the detection host, and does not use traditional cables, which can be quickly deployed and easily expanded. The device uses a large-capacity secondary battery to provide power, and a large solar panel on the top of the device to supplement power, which can have a longer endurance time.

[0050] 1. The traditional detection equipment is a large device that requires multiple people to complete. The device of the application is small and portable, uses wireless communication for data transmission, uses battery and solar power supply, and uses non-contact laser and vibration sensors for data collection, which is not restricted by cables and can be easily deployed and disassembled, convenient and efficient, and can be recycled, reducing the overall cost.

[0051] 2. The traditional static measurement has limited detection accuracy and complex data processing. The device of the application realizes high-precision and high-frequency dynamic collection, improves detection efficiency and accuracy, and helps analysis and maintenance, so that potential hidden dangers can be found as soon as possible to take targeted measures to better ensure train safety and ensure safe operation of the turnout.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above in detail. It should be understood that modifications and variations to the preferred embodiments could be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings above. It is therefore contemplated that the application can encompass other variations and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless sensing data acquisition method for turnout detection, characterized in that, The acquisition device on which the method is based includes: a computing processing unit (1) and an A / D acquisition conversion unit (2), a sensor unit (3) and a wireless communication unit (5) connected to the computing processing unit (1). The acquisition device is powered by a battery and communicates with an external detection host through the wireless communication unit (5). The sensor unit (3) connects to the sensors installed on the turnout track and the switch machine, and connects the connected sensors to the corresponding A / D acquisition and conversion unit (2) or calculation and processing unit (1). The method steps include: After installing the sensor, calibration is performed to obtain the working zero point, and then the system enters normal working condition. The system collects static and dynamic data on turnout contact, frame, creep, vibration, temperature and humidity using sensors. The collected data is converted by AD and stored in the device. The stored data can be downloaded separately or analyzed and viewed in conjunction with the detection host device. The turnout detection method collects sensor data in real time, and comprehensively judges whether the turnout is in a passing or switching state and the direction of the switching state based on the sensor installation position and the obtained sensor values; records the current state, and collects corresponding dynamic data when the turnout is switching or passing according to the state of the turnout; the turnout detection method collects static data once at a certain time interval. The specific steps for determining whether a turnout is in a train-passing or switching state, and the direction of the turnout switching, are as follows: The turnout passage and switching status are determined based on the contact sensor and vibration sensor. When the change in the contact sensor value is greater than the first contact threshold, it is a turnout switching process. When the change in the vibration sensor value is greater than the first vibration threshold and the change in the contact sensor value is less than the second contact threshold, it is considered a turnout passage process. The direction of the turnout conversion is determined by a pair of closely fitted sensors located on both sides of the turnout. When the value of the closely fitted sensor at the positioning position changes from small to large and the value of the closely fitted sensor at the reverse position changes from large to small, the conversion direction is determined to be from the positioning position to the reverse position. Conversely, it is determined to be from the reverse position to the positioning position.

2. The wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor includes: Laser contact sensor used to measure the amount of contact and repulsion between turnout switch rail and main rail; A laser frame sensor used to detect gauge changes in the base rail; Laser crawling sensor used to detect the telescopic distance of switch rails; Vibration sensors and temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect vertical vibration acceleration.

3. The wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition device is located near the switch point traction point, and the sensors connected to it are specifically arranged as follows: Laser frame sensors S1 and S2 are installed on the two main rails respectively; laser crawling sensors S3 and S4 are installed on the two main rails near the ends of the switch rails respectively; laser close-fit sensors S5 and S6 are installed on the main rails with switch rails on both sides; vibration sensor S7 is installed on the main rails and vibration sensor S8 is installed on the switch machine.

4. The wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition device is located near the turnout traction point, and the sensors connected to it are specifically arranged as follows: Two laser-mounted sensors S9 and S10 are installed on the main rail on the side where the tracks intersect; a vibration sensor S11 is installed on the main rail and a vibration sensor S12 is installed on the switch machine.

5. A wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The turnout has a corresponding reflective plane installed at the point of illumination of the laser sensor.

6. The wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device is also equipped with a power management unit (9) for voltage conversion, detection, charging and discharging management, and providing the power required by each unit; The device uses a secondary battery and is also equipped with a solar panel. The solar panel charges the secondary battery through the power management unit (9).

7. The wireless sensing acquisition method for turnout detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition device also includes a debugging and downloading unit (4) connected to the computing and processing unit (1), which is used to connect to the acquisition device externally via a serial port or network port for debugging and data transmission; and a storage unit (6) for storing data and files.

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