Drainage system and method of construction

Abstract

The application provides a drainage system and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of safe operation of drainage wells. The drainage system comprises a water inlet device and a drainage well. The water inlet device comprises a weir body and an adjusting piece. The weir body is arranged on the outer side of the drainage well along the circumference of the drainage well, and an internal water inlet cavity is formed after the weir body and the drainage well are connected. The water inlet cavity is in communication with the drainage well, and is used for containing water flowing from a tailings pond to increase the discharge head when the drainage well discharges. The adjusting piece is adjustably arranged at one end of the weir body away from the drainage well. Compared with the drainage facility in the prior art which only uses the drainage well, the drainage system of the application can significantly increase the discharge head when the drainage well discharges, thereby improving the discharge capacity of the drainage well.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safe operation technology of drainage wells, and in particular to a drainage system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Drainage wells are commonly used facilities in tailings dam drainage systems, and their discharge capacity is crucial for the flood control safety of the tailings dam. The discharge capacity of a drainage well depends on both its size and structure, and the actual usable flood control height of the tailings dam. Currently, most tailings dams have relatively small actual usable flood control heights, and changes to the size and structure of the drainage wells have limited effect on improving discharge capacity. This results in the actual discharge flow of the drainage wells being less than the flood inflow, thus affecting the flood control safety of the tailings dam. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a drainage system and construction method.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A drainage system includes an inlet device and a drainage well; the inlet device includes a weir and an adjusting component; the weir is arranged circumferentially around the drainage well on the outside of the drainage well, and the weir and the drainage well are connected to form an inlet cavity inside; the inlet cavity is in communication with the drainage well and is used to contain water flowing in from the tailings dam to increase the discharge head when the drainage well discharges; the adjusting component is height-adjustably located at the end of the weir away from the drainage well.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the weir body includes a fixed part and a gentle slope part, the gentle slope part is inclined, the fixed part is vertically connected to one end of the gentle slope part away from the drainage well, and the other end of the gentle slope part is used to connect to the drainage well; the adjusting member is height-adjustable on the fixed part.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the weir body further includes a straight section, one end of which is horizontally connected to the end of the gentle slope section away from the fixed section, and the other end is used to connect to the drainage well.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the water inlet device further includes a fixing member and a sealing member. The fixing member is located at one end of the weir body near the drainage well, and the sealing member is located on the side of the fixing member away from the weir body. The fixing member is used to press the sealing member onto the drainage well.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the water intake device further includes a drive unit and a traction rope; the drive unit is disposed on the drainage well and is connected to the weir body via the traction rope.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the water intake device further includes a floatation element located at the bottom of the weir.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the water inlet device further includes a drain component and a pipe; the drain component is disposed inside the water inlet cavity, and one end of the pipe is connected to the drain component, while the other end passes through the weir and communicates with the outside.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the drainage well includes a ring beam, columns, and an arch plate; both ends of the ring beam are connected to adjacent columns, and the arch plate is installed within the space enclosed by the ring beam and the columns; the end of the weir away from the adjusting member is used to connect the arch plate and the columns.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the top of the arch plate is installed at a height slightly higher than the bottom elevation inside the weir body.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned drainage system, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: Based on the total length of the dry beach of the tailings dam, the slope of the dry beach, and the minimum dry beach length during the flood season as required, calculate the actual available flood control height of the tailings dam;

[0016] S2: Based on the structure of the drainage well itself, draw the discharge capacity curves of the drainage well under different flooding heights;

[0017] S3: Based on the 24-hour flood process curve, flood control capacity relationship curve, and drainage well discharge capacity curve determined by the primary flood control standard of the tailings dam, calculate the actual maximum flood control height required to meet the flood control safety of the tailings dam.

[0018] S4: Calculate the inlet width of the weir body based on the inlet head when water is injected into the inlet chamber from the tailings dam and the outflow head in the inlet chamber; then calculate the height of the weir body and the height adjustment parameters of the regulating component based on the depth of the clarified water layer of the tailings dam and the inlet volume of the inlet chamber.

[0019] S5: Install the water inlet device that meets the design requirements onto the drainage well.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The drainage system provided in this embodiment, by constructing a weir around the outside of the drainage well, forms an inlet chamber between the weir and the drainage well when connected. The inlet chamber allows for a reduction in the water inlet height of the drainage well, enabling external water to enter the inlet chamber in a free-flowing state, thus increasing the discharge head of the drainage well and improving its discharge capacity. By adjusting the height of the regulating component, the amount of water flowing into the inlet chamber per unit time can be changed, thereby altering the water level within the inlet chamber and consequently changing the drainage capacity of the drainage well. Compared to existing drainage facilities that only use drainage wells, the drainage system provided by this invention can significantly increase the discharge head of the drainage well, thereby improving its discharge capacity.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working environment of a prior art drainage well is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working environment of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another working environment of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown from another angle;

[0029] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of a water inlet device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0032] 100-Inlet device; 110-Weir body; 111-Fixing part; 112-Graceful slope part; 113-Straight part; 120-Adjusting component; 130-Driving component; 131-Traction rope; 140-Fixing component; 150-Sealing component; 160-Floating support component; 170-Drainage component; 180-Inlet chamber; 200-Drainage well; 210-Ring beam; 220-Column; 230-Arch plate; 240-Base; 300-Tailgating dam; 310-Dry beach; 320-Operating water level line; 330-Highest water level line; 340-Clarified water layer; 350-Floating mud layer; 360-Sedimentary mineral layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 When the existing drainage well 200 is used in the tailings dam 300, the actual usable flood control height δ is... h It depends on the actual usable dry beach length L2 and the slope i of dry beach 310. The actual usable dry beach length L2 is the total length L of dry beach 310 minus the minimum dry beach length L1 during the flood season as required by the specifications, that is:

[0039]

[0040] The total length L of the dry beach 310 is the length of the dry beach 310 along the horizontal direction on the operating water level line 320 when the water level in the tailings dam 300 is at the operating water level line 320; the minimum dry beach length L1 during the flood season is the length of the dry beach 310 along the horizontal direction on the highest water level line 330 when the water level in the tailings dam 300 is at the highest water level line 330.

[0041] The slope i of the dry beach is affected by factors such as the scale of tailings discharge, the method of tailings discharge, the particle size of tailings, and the concentration of tailings discharged. Fine tailings particles entering the dam, excessively large scale of tailings discharge, and excessively high concentration of tailings discharge will all cause the slope i of the 300-meter dry beach of the tailings dam to become gentler.

[0042] In the initial stage of flood discharge from the drainage well 200, the drainage well 200 is mainly in a free-flow state. At this time, the discharge capacity formula of the drainage well 200 is:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula: Q is the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200, in meters (m³). 3 / s);n c The number of drainage outlets on the same cross-section of the drainage well 200; m is the weir flow coefficient; ε is the lateral contraction coefficient of the water flow; b c H represents the width of a single drain outlet, in meters (m). y The discharge head is measured in meters (m).

[0045] The discharge head H yThis refers to the difference between the water level in the tailings dam 300 and the top height of the arched plate of the drainage well 200 during flood discharge; when the top height of the arched plate of the drainage well 200 is fixed, the flood control height δ is... h The larger the value, the greater the discharge head H. y The larger the diameter, the greater the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200.

[0046] As can be seen from the formula for the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200, the discharge capacity Q of the drainage well 200 is related to the number of drainage outlets n on the same cross-section of the drainage well 200. c It is proportional to the first power of the power, and also proportional to the width b of a single drain outlet. c It is directly proportional to the first power, and related to the discharge head H. y It is directly proportional to the 1.5th power; therefore, increasing the discharge head H y It can further increase the discharge flow rate Q of the drainage well 200 during free flow.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Please see Figures 2 to 6 One embodiment of the present invention provides a drainage system for use in a tailings dam 300 to ensure the safe operation of the tailings dam 300.

[0049] Please see Figure 2 The drainage system includes an inlet device 100 and a drainage well 200; the inlet device 100 includes a weir 110 and an adjusting member 120; the weir 110 is arranged around the outside of the drainage well 200 in the circumferential direction, and after the weir 110 and the drainage well 200 are connected, an inlet cavity 180 for accommodating water is formed inside; the adjusting member 120 is height-adjustably arranged at the end of the weir 110 away from the drainage well 200.

[0050] The inlet chamber 180 is used to increase the discharge head when the drainage well 200 is filled with water; when the water in the tailings dam 300 flows freely into the inlet chamber 180, the amount of water flowing into the inlet chamber 180 per unit time can be changed by adjusting the height of the adjusting member 120, thereby changing the water level in the inlet chamber 180 and thus changing the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200.

[0051] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the water inlet device 100 is installed on the drainage well 200, the discharge head H of the drainage well 200... y2The vertical distance between the water level in the inlet chamber 180 and the top of the arch plate 230 of the drainage well 200; due to the installation of the inlet device 100, the installation height of the top of the arch plate 230 can be reduced, thereby increasing the discharge head H of the drainage well 200 where the inlet device 100 is installed. y2 The discharge head H is higher than that of the drainage well 200 without the aforementioned water inlet device 100. y Therefore, the flood discharge capacity of the drainage system is stronger than that of the existing drainage well 200.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The drainage well 200 is a frame-type drainage well. The drainage well 200 includes a ring beam 210, a column 220 and an arch plate 230; the two ends of the ring beam 210 are respectively connected to the adjacent column 220, and the arch plate 230 is installed in the space enclosed by the ring beam 210 and the column 220.

[0053] The drainage well 200 also includes a base 240, which is located in the tailings dam 300, and the column 220 is fixed on the base 240.

[0054] When the water inlet device 100 is installed on the drainage well 200, the end of the weir 110 away from the adjusting member 120 can be fixed to the arch plate 230 and the column 220; the installation height h2 of the top of the arch plate 230 is slightly higher than the bottom elevation of the weir 110, so that when the water in the water inlet cavity 180 passes over the top of the arch plate 230 and enters the drainage well 200, a weir flow is formed.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The weir body 110 includes a fixed part 111 and a gentle slope part 112. The gentle slope part 112 is inclined. The fixed part 111 is vertically connected to one end of the gentle slope part 112 away from the drainage well 200. The other end of the gentle slope part 112 is fixed to the drainage well 200. The adjusting member 120 is height-adjustable on the fixed part 111.

[0056] The fixing part 111 extends vertically, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gentle slope part 112. The lower end of the gentle slope part 112 can be fixed to the column 220 and the arch plate 230 of the drainage well 200. The distance between the gentle slope part 112 and the drainage well 200 gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end of the gentle slope part 112.

[0057] The gentle slope 112 can increase the lateral contraction coefficient of the water in the inlet chamber 180 when weir flow occurs, thereby improving the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200.

[0058] Furthermore, the weir body 110 also includes a straight section 113, one end of which is horizontally connected to the end of the gentle slope section 112 away from the fixed section 111, and the other end of which can be fixed to the column 220 and the arch plate 230 of the drainage well 200.

[0059] The straight portion 113 extends horizontally. The straight portion 113 can increase the water inlet width of the water inlet device 100, so that the water inlet capacity of the water inlet device 100 can still be guaranteed even when the water head is low.

[0060] Please see Figure 4 The inlet water head H y1 It refers to the vertical distance between the water level in the tailings dam 300 and the top height of the regulating component 120 during flood discharge.

[0061] In some embodiments, the fixing part 111, the gentle slope part 112, and the straight part 113 are fixedly connected together by integral casting.

[0062] The regulating component 120 is ring-shaped. When the tailings dam 300 needs to release water, the water in the tailings dam 300 can pass over the top of the regulating component 120 and enter the water inlet chamber 180.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fixing part 111 is provided with a drive motor, and the adjusting member 120 is disposed at the upper end of the fixing part 111 and connected to the moving part of the drive motor. The drive motor can drive the adjusting member 120 to move up and down through the moving part to adjust the top height of the adjusting member 120, thereby changing the water inlet head H. y1 .

[0064] In other embodiments, the fixing part 111 is provided with a cylinder, which is connected to the adjusting member 120 and can also drive the adjusting member 120 to move up and down.

[0065] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The water inlet device 100 also includes a fixing member 140, which is located at one end of the straight portion 113 away from the gentle slope portion 112. The straight portion 113 is fixed to the drainage well 200 by the fixing member 140.

[0066] Furthermore, the fixing member 140 is fixed to the straight portion 113 by welding. The fixing member 140 is an electromagnet, which becomes magnetic when energized, thereby attracting the arch plate 230 and the column 220 of the reinforced concrete structure, thus fixing the weir body 110 to the drainage well 200. When the power to the fixing member 140 is turned off, the magnetism of the fixing member 140 disappears, so that the weir body 110 can be separated from the drainage well 200.

[0067] In some embodiments, the water inlet device 100 further includes a sealing member 150, which is fixed to the side of the fixing member 140 away from the straight portion 113. The fixing member 140 can press the sealing member 150 onto the drain well 200 so that the fixing member 140 and the drain well 200 are sealed together, thereby preventing water in the water inlet chamber 180 from flowing out.

[0068] The sealing element 150 can be any of the sealing elements such as a water-stop ring or a sealing ring.

[0069] In some embodiments, the water intake device 100 further includes a drive member 130 and a traction rope 131; the drive member 130 is disposed at the top of the drainage well 200, and the drive member 130 is connected to the weir body 110 through the traction rope 131; the drive member 130 can adjust the setting height of the weir body 110 through the traction rope 131 so that the water intake device 100 can adapt to the tailings dam 300 at different water levels.

[0070] Furthermore, the fixing part 111 is provided with a lifting ring on the side near the drainage well 200. The lifting ring is used to connect the traction rope 131 so that the driving member 130 can drive the weir body 110 to move up and down through the traction rope 131.

[0071] The drive unit 130 can be a manual hoist, electric hoist or other lifting device; when the weir 110 is disconnected from the drainage well 200, the drive unit 130 can drive the weir 110 to rise continuously through the traction rope 131 to adapt to the situation when the water level of the tailings dam 300 continues to rise.

[0072] The water inlet device 100 also includes a float 160, which is located at the bottom of the weir 110. The float 160 is used to support the weir 110 and keep the weir 110 balanced when it floats on the water surface.

[0073] Furthermore, the buoyancy support 160 can be a foam board, a buoyancy ball, or a buoyancy downlight, which are buoyant components.

[0074] The shape and number of the buoyancy components 160 are determined based on factors such as the weight of the weir 110, the water storage capacity in the inlet chamber 180, the frictional resistance between the weir 110 and the drainage well 200, and the draft of the weir 110, so as to ensure the balance of the weir 110 when it floats on the water surface.

[0075] The water inlet device 100 also includes a drain component 170, which is disposed within the water inlet chamber 180.

[0076] After the drainage system has finished draining the floodwater, there may be residual water or tailings slurry in the inlet chamber 180. The drainage component 170 is used to pump out the water or tailings slurry in the inlet chamber 180 to the outside of the inlet chamber 180.

[0077] Furthermore, the drainage component 170 can be a water pump, and the water inlet device 100 also includes a pipe, one end of which is connected to the drainage component 170, and the other end passes through the weir 110 to communicate with the outside; so that the drainage component 170 can pump accumulated water or tailings slurry to the outside of the water inlet chamber 180.

[0078] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The water within the tailings pond 300 consists of a clarified water layer 340, a floating mud layer 350, and a sedimentary mineral layer 360 from top to bottom. When the water intake device 100 is in operation, the buoy 160 is mainly located in the floating mud layer 350 and the sedimentary mineral layer 360 of the tailings pond 300. The buoy 160 can support the weir 110, and the drive component 130 can lift the weir 110 upwards through telescopic movement, thereby positioning the adjusting component 120 in the clarified water layer 340, ensuring that all water entering the water intake chamber 180 is clarified water. By adjusting the top height of the adjusting component 120, the water intake device 100 can adapt to clarified water layers 340 of different heights.

[0079] When the water in the tailings dam 300 flows freely into the inlet chamber 180, the water inlet volume in the inlet chamber 180 is close to the discharge volume of the drainage well 200, so as to ensure the normal operation of the drainage system.

[0080] In some embodiments, the drainage system operates as follows:

[0081] During the non-flood season, the tailings dam 110, supported by the buoy 160 and pulled by the drive unit 130, can be raised or periodically lifted along with the tailings dam 300 surface. While the tailings dam 110 is being raised, the arch plate 230 is installed manually at regular intervals to ensure that the top of the arch plate 230 at the drainage well 200 is slightly higher than the bottom elevation inside the tailings dam 110.

[0082] Before the flood season, the tailings dam 300 is fixed to the drainage well 200 by the fixing member 140, and the drainage well 200 and the fixing member 140 are sealed together.

[0083] During the flood season at the tailings dam 300, the height of the regulating component 120 is adjusted according to the water level, the depth of clarified water in the dam, and flood forecasts, thereby regulating the water intake capacity of the inlet chamber 180. After the floodwater enters the inlet chamber 180, a certain height of discharge head H is formed within the inlet chamber 180. y2 The discharge head H y2 Significantly higher than the actual available flood control height δ of the tailings dam (300m). h This increases the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200.

[0084] After the flood season in the tailings dam 300, the accumulated water or tailings slurry is pumped out of the inlet chamber 180 through the drainage component 170.

[0085] The drainage system provided in this embodiment, by surrounding the drainage well 200 with a weir 110, forms an inlet chamber 180 between the weir 110 and the drainage well 200 when the weir 110 is connected to the drainage well 200. The inlet chamber 180 provides conditions for reducing the water inlet height of the drainage well 200, thereby increasing the discharge head of the drainage well 200 when water from the outside enters the inlet chamber 180 in a free-flowing state, thus improving the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200. By adjusting the height of the adjusting member 120, the amount of water flowing into the inlet chamber 180 per unit time can be changed, thereby changing the water level in the inlet chamber 180 and thus changing the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200. Compared with the drainage facilities in the prior art that only use drainage wells 200, the drainage system provided by the present invention can significantly increase the discharge head of the drainage wells 200 when they discharge, thereby improving the discharge capacity of the drainage wells 200, and is especially suitable for tailings ponds 300 with small flood control height δh.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] Please see Figures 2 to 6The present invention also provides a construction method for use in the above-mentioned drainage system.

[0088] Please see Figure 7 The construction method includes the following steps:

[0089] S1: Based on the total length of the dry beach 310 of the tailings dam 300, the slope of the dry beach, and the minimum dry beach length during the flood season as required, calculate the actual usable flood control height of the tailings dam 300.

[0090] The formula for calculating the actual usable flood control height of the tailings dam (300m) is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Where: δ h L is the actual usable flood control height of the tailings dam 300, in meters; L is the total length of the dry beach 310, in meters; L1 is the minimum dry beach length during the flood season under the specified requirements, in meters; i is the dry beach slope.

[0093] S2: Based on the structure of the drainage well 200 itself, draw the discharge capacity curves of the drainage well 200 under different flooding heights.

[0094] S3: Based on the 24-hour flood process curve, flood control capacity relationship curve, and discharge capacity curve of the drainage well 200 determined by the primary flood control standard of the tailings dam 300, calculate the actual maximum flood control height required to meet the flood control safety of the tailings dam 300.

[0095] S4: Calculate the inlet width of the weir 110 based on the inlet head when the tailings dam 300 injects water into the inlet chamber 180 and the outlet head in the inlet chamber 180; then calculate the height of the weir 110 and the height adjustment parameters of the adjusting component 120 based on the depth of the clarified water layer 340 of the tailings dam 300 and the inlet volume of the inlet chamber 180.

[0096] When the water in the clarified water layer 340 of the tailings pond 300 passes over the top of the regulating member 120 and enters the water inlet chamber 180, the calculation formula for the water inlet volume in the water inlet chamber 180 per unit time is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula: Q1 is the water inflow rate in the inlet chamber 180 per unit time, in units of (m³ / s); ε1 is the lateral contraction coefficient when the water passes over the top of the regulating member 120; m1 is the weir flow coefficient when the water passes over the top of the regulating member 120; πD is the inlet width of the weir body 110, in units of (m); where D is the maximum vertical distance from the end of the weir body 110 away from the drainage well 200 to the axis of the drainage well 200, in units of (m); δh1 is the inlet head when the water passes over the top of the regulating member 120, in units of (m).

[0099] The formula for calculating the discharge capacity of the drainage well 200 per unit time is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula: Q2 is the discharge flow rate of the drainage well 200 per unit time, in m³ / s; ε2 is the lateral contraction coefficient of the water in the inlet cavity 180 when it passes the top of the arch plate 230; m2 is the weir flow coefficient of the water in the inlet cavity 180 when it passes the top of the arch plate 230; πd-nc is the inlet width of the drainage well 200, in m, where d is the diameter of the drainage well 200, in m, n is the number of drainage outlets on the same cross section of the drainage well 200; c is the width of a single drainage outlet; δh1 is the discharge head of the water in the inlet cavity 180 when it passes the top of the arch plate 230, in m.

[0102] To ensure the normal operation of the drainage system, the water inlet volume in the inlet chamber 180 must be equal to the discharge volume of the drainage well 200, i.e., Q1=Q2.

[0103] Step S4 further includes: determining the specific structure, location, and quantity of the buoy 160 based on the weight of the weir 110, the water storage capacity in the inlet chamber 180, and the draft of the weir 110.

[0104] S5: Install the water inlet device 100 that meets the design requirements onto the drainage well 200.

[0105] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0106] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage system for use in a tailings dam, characterized in that, The system includes an inlet device and a drainage well. The inlet device includes a weir and an adjusting component. The weir is arranged circumferentially around the drainage well on its outer side, and the weir and the drainage well are connected to form an inlet cavity. The inlet cavity is connected to the drainage well and is used to accommodate water flowing in from the tailings dam to increase the discharge head when the drainage well discharges water. The adjusting component is height-adjustable at the end of the weir away from the drainage well. The weir body includes a fixed part and a gentle slope part. The gentle slope part is inclined. The fixed part is vertically connected to one end of the gentle slope part away from the drainage well. The other end of the gentle slope part is used to connect to the drainage well. The adjusting member is height-adjustable on the fixed part. The water inlet device also includes a fixing component and a sealing component. The fixing component is located at one end of the weir body near the drainage well, and the sealing component is located on the side of the fixing component away from the weir body. The fixing component is used to press the sealing component tightly onto the drainage well. The drainage well includes a ring beam, columns, and an arch plate; both ends of the ring beam are connected to the adjacent columns, and the arch plate is installed in the space enclosed by the ring beam and the columns; the end of the weir away from the adjusting member is used to connect the arch plate and the columns.

2. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weir also includes a straight section, one end of which is horizontally connected to the end of the gentle slope section away from the fixed section, and the other end is used to connect to the drainage well.

3. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water intake device also includes a drive unit and a traction rope; the drive unit is located on the drainage well and is connected to the weir body via the traction rope.

4. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water intake device also includes a floatation component, which is located at the bottom of the weir.

5. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet device also includes a drain component and a pipe; the drain component is located inside the water inlet cavity, and one end of the pipe is connected to the drain component, while the other end passes through the weir and communicates with the outside.

6. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation height of the top of the arch plate is slightly higher than the bottom elevation of the dam body.

7. A construction method for use in the drainage system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Based on the total length of the dry beach of the tailings dam, the slope of the dry beach, and the minimum dry beach length during the flood season as required, calculate the actual available flood control height of the tailings dam; S2: Based on the structure of the drainage well itself, draw the discharge capacity curves of the drainage well under different flooding heights; S3: Based on the 24-hour flood process curve, flood control capacity relationship curve, and drainage well discharge capacity curve determined by the primary flood control standard of the tailings dam, calculate the actual maximum flood control height required to meet the flood control safety of the tailings dam. S4: Calculate the inlet width of the weir body based on the inlet head when water is injected into the inlet chamber from the tailings dam and the outflow head in the inlet chamber; then calculate the height of the weir body and the height adjustment parameters of the regulating component based on the depth of the clarified water layer of the tailings dam and the inlet volume of the inlet chamber. S5: Install the water inlet device that meets the design requirements onto the drainage well.

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