A compact top pull drill equipment integrated with rotation, cutting and shield

Abstract

This invention discloses a compact top-pull drilling device integrating rotation, cutting, and shield tunneling. It includes a base, a substrate slidably mounted on the base, and a feed drive mechanism installed on the substrate for driving the substrate to reciprocate on the base. A hollow shaft is rotatably mounted inside the substrate. The inner wall of the hollow shaft has a protrusion extending along its length. A drill rod slidably passes through the hollow shaft, and the drill rod has a strip-shaped groove extending along its length, which adapts to the protrusion to restrict the rotation of the drill rod relative to the hollow shaft. A limit mechanism and a rotation drive mechanism are mounted on the substrate. The limit mechanism restricts the axial sliding of the drill rod relative to the hollow shaft, and the rotation drive mechanism drives the hollow shaft to rotate. The advantages of this invention are: simplified structural compactness of the top-pull drilling device, easier placement and installation in maintenance wells, and advantages such as simple structure, high transmission efficiency, compact design, and high on-site construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline construction technology, specifically relating to a compact top-pull drilling device that integrates rotation, cutting, and shield tunneling. Background Technology

[0002] Open-cut and trenchless construction are two common methods for municipal pipeline installation. Open-cut construction requires excavating trenches using excavation equipment, followed by backfilling after pipeline installation, maintenance, or replacement. This method is relatively time-consuming and causes significant environmental damage. Trenchless construction, on the other hand, utilizes various geotechnical drilling equipment to directly replace and repair underground pipelines, without obstructing traffic or damaging green spaces and vegetation. Due to its advantages such as minimal environmental impact, small footprint, short construction period, and minimal traffic disruption, trenchless construction technology has been widely adopted.

[0003] As a result, a large number of trenchless underground pipeline drilling equipment have emerged on the market. For example, Chinese invention patent CN112943281A discloses a complete set of horizontally guided top-pull drilling equipment. This equipment includes a drilling rig and a pipe-laying assembly. After the drilling rig drills a horizontal channel downhole, the pipe-laying assembly is connected to the far end of the drill rod. The drilling rig then pulls the pipe-laying assembly back along the original path from the horizontal channel using the drill rod, thus achieving borehole enlargement and pipe laying. According to this document, the mechanism for the drilling rig to achieve drill rod rotation and axial feed is complex, involving many components such as the machine platform, slide rails, slide table, first drive assembly, flange, and second drive assembly.

[0004] As described in the patent documents above, current trenchless underground pipeline drilling equipment is characterized by its complex and bulky structure, making it inconvenient for on-site assembly and use, thus affecting construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a compact top-pull drilling device that integrates rotation, cutting and shield tunneling, aiming to reduce the bulkiness of the equipment and improve the convenience of on-site use.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A compact top-pull drilling device integrating rotation, cutting, and shield tunneling, its key features include:

[0008] A base, on which a substrate is slidably mounted, and on which a feed drive mechanism is installed to drive the substrate to reciprocate on the base;

[0009] A hollow shaft is rotatably mounted inside the base. The inner wall of the hollow shaft is provided with a protrusion extending along its length. A drill rod is slidably inserted inside the hollow shaft. The drill rod is provided with a strip groove extending along its length. The strip groove is adapted to the protrusion and is used to restrict the rotation of the drill rod relative to the hollow shaft.

[0010] The base is equipped with a limiting mechanism and a rotary drive mechanism. The limiting mechanism restricts the axial sliding of the drill pipe relative to the hollow shaft, and the rotary drive mechanism drives the hollow shaft to rotate.

[0011] A rotary cutting drill bit is detachably mounted on the front end of a drill rod. The rotary cutting drill bit is circumferentially arrayed with circular saw blades. The cutting direction of the circular saw blades is parallel to the feed direction of the rotary cutting drill bit, and the circular saw blades at least partially protrude from the outer surface of the rotary cutting drill bit. One end of the rotary cutting drill bit is constructed into a conical structure, and the other end is equipped with a hydraulic motor for driving each of the circular saw blades to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism includes a motor and a horizontal transmission shaft. The output shaft of the motor is arranged vertically above the horizontal transmission shaft, and the output shaft and the horizontal transmission shaft are poweredly connected via a bevel gear set. The horizontal transmission shaft is arranged parallel above the hollow shaft, and the two are poweredly connected via a cylindrical gear set.

[0013] Preferably, both the bevel gear set and the cylindrical gear set are speed reduction transmissions.

[0014] Preferably, the drill rod surface is provided with several sets of annular grooves that surround it circumferentially, and each annular groove is evenly distributed along the length of the drill rod. The limiting mechanism includes two sets of clamping components arranged opposite each other. Each clamping component is provided with an arc-shaped positioning block on its inner side. The two arc-shaped positioning blocks arranged opposite each other can form an annular retaining ring, which can be engaged or disengaged from the annular groove.

[0015] The feed drive mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, which includes a cylinder body fixed on the base and a piston rod that is telescopically mounted on one end of the cylinder body. The other end of the piston rod is provided with a support plate.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting mechanism further includes two sets of elastic components and two sets of actuators. The elastic components are disposed between the two sets of clamping components to clamp the two sets of clamping components together. The two sets of actuators correspond one-to-one with the two sets of clamping components and are used to drive the clamping components to move outward against the resistance of the elastic components.

[0017] Preferably, the two sets of clamping components have assembly channels located in the same axial direction inside. The elastic component includes a guide rod and two sets of springs. The two ends of the guide rod are slidably installed in the assembly channels of the two sets of clamping components. Each end of the guide rod is provided with a support structure. The bottom of the assembly channel is provided with a support platform. The spring is installed between the support platform and the support structure.

[0018] Preferably, the base has a rectangular frame structure, which is formed by four rectangular steel bars. The base includes a sliding plate and a frame that is detachably mounted on the sliding plate by bolts. Both ends of the sliding plate are provided with sliding grooves with open outer sides. The sliding grooves are slidably fitted onto the rectangular steel bars on both sides of the base. The frame has downwardly extending blocking parts on both sides, which are located at the outer openings of the sliding grooves to prevent the sliding grooves from coming off the rectangular steel bars.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the drill rod is provided with a threaded joint, and the other end is provided with a threaded inner hole that matches the threaded joint.

[0020] Preferably, the rotary cutting drill bit has four saw blade shafts arranged in a square at four points, the center lines of the four saw blade shafts are all located in the cleaving direction of the circular cross section of the rotary cutting drill bit, and each circular saw blade is fixedly sleeved on the four saw blade shafts in a corresponding manner.

[0021] The rotary cutting drill bit is rotatably mounted with a central drive shaft arranged along its centerline and four radial drive shafts arranged along its radial direction. The outer ends of the four radial drive shafts are connected to the four saw blade shafts in a corresponding manner, and the inner ends are connected to the central drive shaft.

[0022] The hydraulic motor is coaxially connected to the central drive shaft via a coupling.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The compact top-pull drilling equipment provided by this invention enables the hollow shaft to rotate during trenchless drilling. The drill rod rotates synchronously with the hollow shaft, thereby achieving the rotary cutting motion of the top-pull drilling equipment on the soil. After the top-pull drilling equipment is lowered and installed into the maintenance well of the underground pipeline network, the feed drive mechanism and the axial limit mechanism operate alternately to achieve continuous feed motion of the drill rod.

[0025] 2. The compact top-pull drilling equipment provided by this invention uses a sliding spline to connect the drill rod inside the hollow shaft, and a limiting mechanism is set on the side of the base corresponding to the position where the drill rod passes through to axially position the drill rod. Compared with traditional pulling drilling equipment, this design simplifies the structure and compactness of the top-pull drilling equipment, and the device is easier to lower and install into the maintenance well. It has many advantages such as simple structure, high transmission efficiency, good compactness, and high on-site construction efficiency.

[0026] 3. If a rotary cutting drill bit is connected to the front end of the drill rod, during borehole reaming, the top-pull drilling equipment pulls the drill bit axially, and the hydraulic motor drives each saw blade to rotate, thus cutting and decomposing the soil layers on the borehole wall. This ensures smoother drill bit feeding and improves construction efficiency. Furthermore, using a rotary cutting drill bit, the top-pull drilling rig only needs to perform axial feed, eliminating the need to control drill bit rotation, which helps simplify the structural complexity of the top-pull drilling rig.

[0027] 4. The equipment has a reasonable structural design and many advantages, including high compactness, convenient on-site installation and disassembly, and the ability to perform trenchless maintenance or new construction without the need for hole enlargement. It has broad market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a reference diagram showing the usage of a compact top-pull drilling rig A in trenchless downhole construction.

[0029] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a compact top-pull drilling rig A;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a compact top-pull drilling rig A;

[0031] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view to illustrate the working principle of the limiting mechanism 6;

[0032] Figure 5 An exploded view of the two sets of clamping components 6a and their internal elastic components 6b in the limiting mechanism 6;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe 5.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow shaft 4.

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of base 2, the structure of base 1, and the sliding assembly connection between the two;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary cutting drill bit 8;

[0037] Figure 10 For along Figure 9 Sectional view of CC;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the 8h stent. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a compact top-pull drilling device A mainly comprises a base 1, a base body 2, and a feed drive mechanism 3, a hollow shaft 4, a drill rod 5, a limiting mechanism 6, and a rotary drive mechanism 7 mounted on the base body 2. The hollow shaft 4 is rotatably mounted inside the base body 2, and the rotary drive mechanism 7 drives the hollow shaft 4 to rotate. (See attached diagram...) Figure 7 It can be seen that the inner wall of the hollow shaft 4 is provided with a protrusion 4a extending along its length direction. Figure 6 It can be seen that the outer surface of the drill rod 5 is provided with a strip groove 5a extending along its length direction. The strip groove 5a is adapted to the protrusion 4a. The drill rod 5 can slide along the axis inside the hollow shaft 4. The matching of the strip groove 5a and the protrusion 4a can ensure that the drill rod 5 rotates synchronously with the hollow shaft 4. The limiting mechanism 6 is assembled on the side of the base 2, and its function is to limit the axial sliding of the drill rod 5. The base 2 is slidably assembled on the base 1. The feed drive mechanism 3 is a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the base 2. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body 3a fixed on the base 2 and a piston rod 3b with one end telescopically installed in the cylinder body 3a. The other end of the piston rod 3b is provided with a support plate 3c.

[0041] Based on the above structural configuration, during trenchless drilling, the rotary drive mechanism 7 drives the hollow shaft 4 to rotate, and the drill rod 5 rotates synchronously with the hollow shaft 4, thus realizing the rotary cutting motion of the top-pull drilling equipment A on the soil. Meanwhile, please refer to the attached... Figure 1 As shown, after the top-pull drilling equipment A is lowered and installed into the inspection well B of the underground pipeline network, the specific installation includes fixing the base 1 inside the inspection well B and fixing the support plate 3c to the borehole wall of the inspection well B. Then, the piston rod 3b of the hydraulic cylinder moves back and forth, which drives the base 2 to slide back and forth relative to the base 1, thereby realizing the axial feed movement of the drill rod 5 in the top-pull drilling equipment A.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 3 The drill rod 5 is connected to the hollow shaft 4 by a sliding spline, and a limiting mechanism 6 is set on the side of the base 2 at the position where the drill rod 5 passes through to axially position the drill rod 5. Compared with traditional pulling drilling equipment, this design greatly simplifies the structure and compactness of the top pulling drilling equipment A, and the device is easier to lower and install into the maintenance well B. It has many advantages such as simple structure, high transmission efficiency, good compactness, and high on-site construction efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 8The base 1 is constructed as a rectangular frame, which is enclosed by four rectangular steel bars 1a. The base body 2 includes a sliding plate 2a and a frame 2b that is detachably mounted on the sliding plate 2a by bolts. Both ends of the sliding plate 2a have externally open sliding grooves 2a1. The sliding grooves 2a1 are slidably fitted onto the rectangular steel bars 1a on both sides of the base 1. The frame 2b has downwardly extending blocking parts 2b1 on both sides, which are located at the external openings of the sliding grooves 2a1 to prevent the sliding grooves 2a1 from detaching from the rectangular steel bars 1a. Fixed seats 1b are provided at the four corners of the base 1. With this design, at the underground pipeline construction site, the base 1 is first fixed to the bottom of the inspection well B by the four fixed seats 1b. Then, the sliding grooves 2a1 at both ends of the sliding plate 2a are fitted onto the rectangular steel bars 1a. Finally, the frame 2b is lowered onto the sliding plate 2a, and bolts are driven into the screw holes b for locking connection, thus realizing the underground assembly of the base body 2. Therefore, it can be seen that by adopting such a base structure 2, a base structure 1, and a sliding assembly connection between the two, it is convenient to assemble and build the top-pull drilling equipment A on the construction site.

[0044] In this embodiment, please refer to the attached document. Figure 3 The rotary drive mechanism 7 includes a motor 7a and a horizontal transmission shaft 7c. The output shaft 7a1 of the motor 7a is arranged vertically above the horizontal transmission shaft 7c. The output shaft 7a1 and the horizontal transmission shaft 7c are poweredly connected via a bevel gear set 7b. The horizontal transmission shaft 7c is arranged parallel above the hollow shaft 4, and the two are poweredly connected via a cylindrical gear set 7d. With this design, the rotary drive mechanism 7 is installed vertically within the frame 2b of the base 2, which adapts to the depth structure of the inspection well B, thereby improving the ease of assembly. Furthermore, both the bevel gear set 7b and the cylindrical gear set 7d are reduction transmission components. This design allows for greater rotational torque to the drill pipe 5, improving the efficiency and reliability of trenchless hole reaming.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 6 To facilitate the axial limiting of the drill rod 5 by the limiting mechanism 6, several sets of annular grooves 5b are provided on the surface of the drill rod 5, circumferentially surrounding it. Each annular groove 5b is evenly distributed along the length of the drill rod 5. (See attached...) Figure 4 , Figure 5As can be seen, the limiting mechanism 6 includes two sets of clamping components 6a arranged opposite each other on both sides of the drill pipe 5. Each clamping component 6a has an arc-shaped positioning block 6a1 on its inner side. The clamping component 6a has a semi-circular ring structure. When the two sets of clamping components 6a are closed together, the two oppositely arranged arc-shaped positioning blocks 6a1 can form an annular retaining ring a. The annular retaining ring a can be engaged with the annular groove 5b to axially limit the drill pipe 5. To improve the reliability of the limiting mechanism, each end of the inner axial direction of the clamping component 6a has a set of arc-shaped positioning blocks 6a1. A clearance groove 6a3 is formed between the two sets of arc-shaped positioning blocks 6a1. The clearance groove 6a3 can prevent physical interference between the clamping component 6a and the annular protrusions between the two annular grooves 5b of the drill pipe 5.

[0046] To achieve continuous axial feed of the drill pipe 5, the feed drive mechanism 3 and the limiting mechanism 6 should operate alternately. Specifically: First, the limiting mechanism 6 applies an axial limit to the drill pipe 5, and the feed drive mechanism 3 drives the drill pipe 5, the base 2, and the hollow shaft 4 to move forward as a whole. Then, the limiting mechanism 6 releases the axial restriction on the drill pipe 5, and the feed drive mechanism 3 moves backward to return to its initial position. This process is repeated to achieve continuous axial feed of the drill pipe 5.

[0047] Therefore, this embodiment also provides a specific design structure that enables the limiting mechanism 6 to alternately limit and release the drill rod 5 axially, as follows:

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the limiting mechanism 6 is equipped with two sets of elastic components 6b and two sets of actuators 6c. The two sets of elastic components 6b are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the two sets of clamping members 6a in the diameter direction, and each elastic component 6b is connected between the two sets of clamping members 6a. Under the action of the elastic components 6b, the arc-shaped positioning blocks 6a1 of the two sets of clamping members 6a can clamp into the annular groove 5b of the closing drill rod 5, thereby achieving axial limiting. The two sets of actuators 6c correspond one-to-one with the two sets of clamping members 6a, and are used to drive the clamping members 6a to move outward against the resistance of the elastic components 6b, so that the arc-shaped positioning blocks 6a1 can leave the annular groove 5b, thereby releasing the limiting.

[0049] In this embodiment, the two sets of clamping components 6a have assembly channels 6a2 located in the same axial direction inside. The elastic component 6b includes a guide rod 6b1 and two sets of springs 6b2. The two ends of the guide rod 6b1 are slidably installed in the assembly channels 6a2 of the two sets of clamping components 6a. Each end of the guide rod 6b1 is provided with a support structure 6b11. The bottom of the assembly channel 6a2 is provided with a support platform 6a21. The springs 6b2 are supported and installed between the support platform 6a21 and the support structure 6b11. Based on this, when no external force is applied, the four springs 6b2 of the two sets of elastic components 6b can ensure that the two sets of clamping components 6a are stably and reliably surrounded around the drill pipe 5 in the circumference.

[0050] In this embodiment, the actuator 6c includes a hydraulic cylinder 6c2 mounted on the side of the base 2 and a sliding component 6c1 that can slide radially along the clamping component 6a. The sliding component 6c1 is fixedly connected to the clamping component 6a. Based on this, the hydraulic cylinder 6c2 drives the sliding component 6c1 to move radially outward along the drill pipe 5, thereby causing the corresponding clamping component 6a to overcome the resistance of the spring 6b2 and move outward, thus releasing the axial restriction on the drill pipe 5. Further, for ease of installation, please refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 4 The sliding component 6c1 includes an arc-shaped piece 6c11 and two guide posts 6c12 extending outward from the outer side of the arc-shaped piece 6c11. The inner side of the arc-shaped piece 6c11 is fixed to the clamping component 6a through a magnet 6c3. A sliding support 2c is installed on the side of the base 2, and the two guide posts 6c12 are slidably connected to the sliding support 2c.

[0051] For example Figure 6 As shown, one end of the drill rod 5 is provided with a threaded joint 5c, and the other end is provided with a threaded inner hole 5d that matches the threaded joint 5c. With this design, combined with the alternating operation of the limiting mechanism 6 for axial limiting and releasing the limiting of the drill rod 5, the drill rod 5 can be assembled section by section under the inspection well B, which greatly improves the convenience of using the top-pull drilling equipment in the trenchless field.

[0052] For further assistance with connection operations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 , Figure 6 The threaded joint 5c is constructed as a conical ring structure, and the drill rod 5 is a hollow rod with a hollow channel 5e running through it along its axial direction.

[0053] For example Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also includes a rotary cutting drill bit 8 for the top-pull drilling equipment, which is detachably mounted on the front end of the drill rod 5. (See attached diagram.) Figure 9 As can be seen, the rotary cutting drill bit 8 is arranged with circular saw blades 8a in a circumferential array. The rotary cutting direction of the circular saw blades 8a is parallel to the feed direction of the rotary cutting drill bit 8, and the circular saw blades 8a protrude at least partially from the outer surface of the rotary cutting drill bit 8. One end of the rotary cutting drill bit 8 is constructed into a conical structure 8g, and the other end is equipped with a hydraulic motor 8b, which is used to drive each circular saw blade 8a to rotate.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 Using the rotary cutting drill bit 8 designed above, after the drill rod 5 of the top-pull drilling equipment drills a small hole between two adjacent maintenance wells B, the rotary cutting drill bit 8 is installed at the far end of the drill rod 5. Then, the top-pull drilling equipment uses its axial feed control function to pull the rotary cutting drill bit 8 back to the maintenance well where the top-pull drilling equipment is located. During the pullback process, the hydraulic motor 8b drives each circular saw blade 8a to rotate, which can easily realize the hole enlargement construction of underground pipeline network.

[0055] Combined with the appendix Figure 10 As can be seen, four saw blade shafts 8c arranged in a square at four points are rotatably mounted inside the rotary drill bit 8. The center lines of the four saw blade shafts 8c are all located in the secant direction of the circular cross-section of the rotary drill bit 8. Each circular saw blade 8a is correspondingly fixed on the four saw blade shafts 8c. A central drive shaft 8d arranged along its center line and four radial drive shafts 8e arranged along its radial direction are rotatably mounted inside the rotary drill bit 8. The outer ends of the four radial drive shafts 8e are connected to the four saw blade shafts 8c, and their inner ends are connected to the central drive shaft 8d. A hydraulic motor 8b is coaxially connected to the central drive shaft 8d via a coupling 8f. Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 8b operates, it drives the four circular saw blades 8a to rotate synchronously.

[0056] For further details, please refer to the attached document. Figure 11 As shown, to facilitate the assembly of the saw blade shaft 8c and the radial drive shaft 8e, a bracket 8h is fixedly embedded inside the rotary drill bit 8. The bracket 8h is an octahedral hollow component with eight mounting planes 8i surrounding it circumferentially. Each of the four saw blade shafts 8c is rotatably mounted on one of the four mounting planes 8i via a support d. The four radial drive shafts 8e extend outwards onto the other four mounting planes 8i in a corresponding manner. With this design, power transmission can be achieved by setting a transmission assembly 8k between the saw blade shaft 8c and the radial drive shaft 8e, and between the radial drive shaft 8e and the central drive shaft 8d. This design has the advantages of reasonable structural design, high compactness, and good reliability. In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 8k preferably adopts a bevel gear assembly.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and claims of the present invention, and such modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact top-pull drill apparatus (A) integrating rotation, cutting, and shield, characterized by, include: A base (1) is slidably mounted on the base (1), and a feed drive mechanism (3) is installed on the base (2) for driving the base (2) to slide back and forth on the base (1); A hollow shaft (4) is rotatably mounted inside the base (2). The inner wall of the hollow shaft (4) is provided with a protrusion (4a) extending along its length. A drill rod (5) is slidably inserted inside the hollow shaft (4). The drill rod (5) is provided with a strip groove (5a) extending along its length. The strip groove (5a) is adapted to the protrusion (4a) and is used to restrict the rotation of the drill rod (5) relative to the hollow shaft (4). A limiting mechanism (6) and a rotary drive mechanism (7) are assembled on the base (2). The limiting mechanism (6) is used to restrict the axial sliding of the drill rod (5) relative to the hollow shaft (4), and the rotary drive mechanism (7) is used to drive the hollow shaft (4) to rotate; and A rotary cutting drill bit (8) is detachably mounted on the front end of a drill rod (5). The rotary cutting drill bit (8) is circumferentially arrayed with circular saw blades (8a). The rotary cutting direction of the circular saw blades (8a) is parallel to the feed direction of the rotary cutting drill bit (8), and the circular saw blades (8a) at least partially protrude from the outer surface of the rotary cutting drill bit (8). One end of the rotary cutting drill bit (8) is constructed into a conical structure, and the other end is provided with a hydraulic motor (8b). The hydraulic motor (8b) is used to drive each of the circular saw blades (8a) to rotate.

2. The compact top-hung drill rig integrated with rotation-cutting-shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary cutting drill bit (8) has four saw blade shafts (8c) arranged in a square at four points. The center lines of the four saw blade shafts (8c) are all located in the secant direction of the circular cross section of the rotary cutting drill bit (8). Each circular saw blade (8a) is fixedly mounted on the four saw blade shafts (8c) in a corresponding manner. The rotary cutting drill bit (8) is rotatably mounted with a central drive shaft (8d) arranged along its center line and four radial drive shafts (8e) arranged along its radial direction. The outer ends of the four radial drive shafts (8e) are connected to the four saw blade shafts (8c) in a corresponding manner, and the inner ends are connected to the central drive shaft (8d). The hydraulic motor (8b) is coaxially connected to the central drive shaft (8d) via a coupling (8f).

3. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary cutting drill bit (8) has a bracket (8h) fixedly embedded inside. The bracket (8h) is an octahedral hollow component with eight mounting planes (8i) surrounding it in the circumference. The four saw blade shafts (8c) are rotatably mounted on the four mounting planes (8i) through a support seat (d). The four radial drive shafts (8e) extend outwards to the other four mounting planes (8i) in a corresponding manner.

4. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism (7) includes a motor (7a) and a horizontal drive shaft (7c). The output shaft (7a1) of the motor (7a) is arranged vertically above the horizontal drive shaft (7c). The output shaft (7a1) and the horizontal drive shaft (7c) are connected by a bevel gear set (7b). The horizontal drive shaft (7c) is arranged parallel above the hollow shaft (4). The two are connected by a cylindrical gear set (7d).

5. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Both the bevel gear set (7b) and the cylindrical gear set (7d) are speed reduction transmissions.

6. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drill rod (5) has several sets of annular grooves (5b) that surround it circumferentially. Each annular groove (5b) is evenly distributed along the length of the drill rod (5). The limiting mechanism (6) includes two sets of clamping components (6a) arranged opposite each other. Each clamping component (6a) has an arc-shaped positioning block (6a1) on its inner side. The two arc-shaped positioning blocks (6a1) arranged opposite each other can form an annular retaining ring (a). The annular retaining ring (a) can be inserted into or removed from the annular groove (5b). The feed drive mechanism (3) is a hydraulic cylinder, which includes a cylinder body (3a) fixed on the base (2) and a piston rod (3b) that is telescopically installed in the cylinder body (3a) at one end. The other end of the piston rod (3b) is provided with a support plate (3c).

7. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (6) further includes two sets of elastic components (6b) and two sets of actuators (6c). The elastic components (6b) are disposed between the two sets of clamping components (6a) to clamp the two sets of clamping components (6a) together. The two sets of actuators (6c) correspond one-to-one with the two sets of clamping components (6a) and are used to drive the clamping components (6a) to move outward against the resistance of the elastic components (6b).

8. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The two sets of clamping components (6a) are provided with assembly channels (6a2) located in the same axial direction. The elastic component (6b) includes a guide rod (6b1) and two sets of springs (6b2). The two ends of the guide rod (6b1) are slidably installed in the assembly channels (6a2) of the two sets of clamping components (6a). The two ends of the guide rod (6b1) are provided with support structures (6b11). The bottom of the assembly channel (6a2) is provided with a support platform (6a21). The springs (6b2) are installed between the support platform (6a21) and the support structure (6b11).

9. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a rectangular frame structure, which is formed by four rectangular steel bars (1a). The base body (2) includes a sliding plate (2a) and a frame (2b) that is detachably installed on the sliding plate (2a) by bolts. Both ends of the sliding plate (2a) are provided with an outer open groove (2a1). The groove (2a1) is slidably fitted on the rectangular steel bars (1a) on both sides of the base (1). The frame (2b) is provided with a downward extending blocking part (2b1) on both sides. The blocking part (2b1) is located at the outer open of the groove (2a1) to restrict the groove (2a1) from falling off the rectangular steel bar (1a).

10. The compact top-pull drilling equipment integrating rotation-cutting-shield tunneling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drill rod (5) has a threaded connector (5c) at one end and a threaded inner hole (5d) that matches the threaded connector (5c) at the other end.

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