Variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator and its mounting adjustment method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of variable stiffness high-damping rubber vibration isolator and its installation adjustment method, including upper and lower interval arrangement plate one and plate two, plate one and plate two interval are jointly installed with multiple vibration isolation units;Single vibration isolation unit structure is: including top end installed in plate one screw rod, multiple groups of helical blades are extended laterally along the axial direction on screw rod, rubber is vulcanized and bonded on the screw rod at the location of single group of helical blades, helical blade is contained in corresponding rubber, the bottom end of screw rod is located in the inside of the lowermost rubber, the bottom surface of lowermost rubber is matched with the top surface of plate two;So when the displacement of screw rod is changed, the compression of rubber is changed into easy to dissipate shear deformation by helical blade, so as to realize the high-efficiency broadband internal vibration isolation requirement;Connecting adjustment piece is installed between adjacent rubbers, and the structure of connecting adjustment piece is connected or separated with adjacent two rubbers, so as to change the stiffness of vibration isolator, improve practicality and applicability, overall structure is simple and compact, and adjustment is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber vibration isolators, and in particular to a variable stiffness high-damping rubber vibration isolator and its installation and adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Rubber vibration isolators use rubber as the elastic unit and metal structure as the supporting frame. They have a simple structure and good stability, and are a commonly used device for vibration control of mechanical equipment in fields such as ships, automobiles and rail transportation.

[0003] On the one hand, increasing the damping coefficient of the vibration isolator will improve its vibration reduction and protection effect on the equipment, especially when the equipment is subjected to impact loads and operates in the resonance zone, the effect is more obvious. Generally, the damping coefficient of the rubber vibration isolator is improved by using high-damping rubber, adding mechanical friction to the rubber, or filling with damping filler.

[0004] On the other hand, in practical engineering, when operating conditions change, external excitation varies, or the isolator ages, the vibration isolation performance of the isolator may decrease or become mismatched with its original characteristics. This can be improved by adjusting the isolator's stiffness parameters. In existing technologies, active control techniques are often used to adjust the isolator stiffness; for example, air spring isolators adjust their stiffness using an auxiliary air source. The patent "Mechanical Adaptive Vibration Isolator" (patent number: 201310074252.4) discloses an isolator whose vibration isolation parameters automatically adjust with load changes. All of these existing measures complicate the isolator structure and increase the cost of vibration isolation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides a high-damping rubber vibration isolator with a reasonable structure and variable stiffness, as well as its installation and adjustment method. This allows for easy adjustment of the vibration isolator's stiffness while achieving vibration isolation, thus improving its practicality and applicability. The overall structure is simple and compact, and easy to adjust.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A variable stiffness high-damping rubber vibration isolator includes a first plate and a second plate arranged at intervals, and multiple vibration isolation units are installed between the first plate and the second plate.

[0008] The structure of a single vibration isolation unit is as follows: it includes a screw mounted on the top of a plate, with multiple sets of spiral blades extending laterally along the axial direction. Rubber is vulcanized and bonded to the screw at each set of spiral blades, and the spiral blades are enclosed in the corresponding rubber. The bottom end of the screw is located inside the bottom rubber, and the bottom surface of the bottom rubber is fitted with the top surface of the plate. Connecting adjustment components are installed between adjacent rubbers, which structurally connect or disconnect the two adjacent rubbers.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0010] In a single vibration isolation unit, multiple sets of spiral blades on the screw rotate in the same direction; a single set of spiral blades consists of one or more layers of spiral blades.

[0011] Multiple vibration isolation units are installed in an orderly matrix between plate one and plate two, with the spiral blades in adjacent vibration isolation units rotating in opposite directions.

[0012] A single set of spiral blades consists of two layers of spiral blades with the same direction of rotation, and the tops of the two layers of spiral blades are located on both sides of the screw in the same diameter direction.

[0013] A single set of spiral blades extends more than 360° around the screw circumference.

[0014] Multiple through holes are provided throughout the thickness direction of the spiral blade.

[0015] In a single vibration isolation unit, the connecting adjustment component is installed on the lower rubber with its opening facing downwards. The top surface of the connecting adjustment component is either attached to or detached from the bottom surface of the upper rubber. The connecting adjustment component is fixedly fastened to the lower rubber.

[0016] The rubber has a cylindrical shape, and the connecting adjustment component has a cylindrical structure with a closed top and an open bottom. A circular hole is provided at the center of the top surface of the connecting adjustment component for the screw to pass through. A C-shaped hole is provided on the circumferential side wall of the connecting adjustment component, and a protrusion extends outward from the outer circumferential wall of the lower rubber. The protrusion is fitted at the upper high position or the lower low position of the C-shaped hole.

[0017] The connecting adjustment component is composed of two half-shells joined together. Each half-shell includes a semi-circular piece and an annular portion formed by bending and extending the arc-shaped edge of the semi-circular piece. The semi-circular pieces of the two half-shells are joined together to form the top surface of the connecting adjustment component. The middle part of the joint of the two semi-circular pieces is joined together by semi-circular holes to form a circular hole. The ends of the joint of the annular portions of the two half-shells are respectively extended with folded ears, which are attached to each other and locked in place by fasteners.

[0018] A method for installing and adjusting the variable stiffness high-damping rubber vibration isolator includes the following steps:

[0019] Install the connecting adjustment piece with the opening facing down on the lower rubber of the two adjacent rubbers, so that the protrusion is fitted at the lower end of the C-shaped hole of the connecting adjustment piece; at this time, the top surface of the connecting adjustment piece is tightly connected to the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit has high rigidity.

[0020] Rotate the connecting adjustment component to make it rotate relative to the lower rubber, and then apply force to the connecting adjustment component to move it towards the lower rubber. The protrusion moves from the lower end of the C-shaped hole to the upper end, and rotates the connecting adjustment component in the opposite direction. At this time, the top surface of the connecting adjustment component separates from the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit has low stiffness.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention features a compact and rational structure. By incorporating helical blades bonded to rubber via vulcanization on the screw, the compression of the rubber is transformed into easily dissipated shear deformation as the screw moves up and down, thus achieving efficient and wide-frequency vibration isolation. Adjusting the position of the connecting element between adjacent rubber components allows for structural switching between connected and disconnected states, facilitating quick and easy changes to the isolator's stiffness and enhancing its practicality and applicability. The overall structure of the isolator is simple, ingenious, and low-cost, providing both vibration isolation and easy stiffness adjustment.

[0023] The present invention also includes the following advantages:

[0024] The spiral blades have through holes, which are formed by pre-made molds during the vulcanization process. By adjusting the porosity of the through holes, the structural damping performance of the vibration isolator can be effectively adjusted.

[0025] The spiral blades in two adjacent vibration isolation units rotate in opposite directions. As a result, during a single vibration, when the spiral blades in two adjacent vibration isolation units interact with the rubber, additional positive and negative torques in opposite directions will be generated, effectively maintaining torque balance while ensuring the damping performance of the vibration isolator. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the spiral plates in each vibration isolation unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view (high stiffness state) of a single vibration isolation unit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the screw structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting adjustment component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view (low stiffness state) of a single vibration isolation unit of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 1. Vibration isolation unit; 2. Plate 1; 3. Plate 2;

[0033] 11. Screw; 12. Rubber component 1; 13. Connecting and adjusting parts; 14. Rubber component 2;

[0034] 111. Shaft; 112. Upper spiral blade; 113. Lower spiral blade; 114. Through hole;

[0035] 131. Semi-shell; 1311. Semi-circular piece; 1312. Annular part; 132. Circular hole; 133. Folded lug; 134. C-shaped hole;

[0036] 141. Bump. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a variable stiffness high damping rubber vibration isolator of this embodiment includes a plate 2 and a plate 3 arranged at intervals, and multiple vibration isolation units 1 are installed between the plate 2 and the plate 3.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the structure of a single vibration isolation unit 1 is as follows: it includes a screw 11 mounted on the top of plate 2, and multiple sets of spiral blades extending laterally along the axial direction on the screw 11. Rubber is vulcanized and bonded to each set of spiral blades on the screw 11, and the spiral blades are contained within the corresponding rubber. The bottom end of the screw 11 is located inside the bottom rubber, and the bottom surface of the bottom rubber is fitted with the top surface of plate 3. A connecting adjustment component 13 is installed between adjacent rubbers, and the connecting adjustment component 13 structurally connects or disconnects two adjacent rubbers.

[0040] In this embodiment, by setting a spiral blade bonded to rubber by vulcanization on the screw 11, the spiral surface of the spiral blade contacts the rubber. When the screw 11 moves up and down alternately, the compression of the rubber can be driven by the spiral blade to be transformed into easily dissipated shear deformation, thereby achieving the requirement of high-efficiency wide-frequency vibration isolation. By adjusting the position of the connecting adjustment piece 13 between two adjacent rubbers, the structure can be switched between the two adjacent rubbers being connected or disconnected, thereby facilitating and quickly changing the stiffness of the vibration isolator and improving its practicality and applicability.

[0041] In a single vibration isolation unit 1, multiple sets of spiral blades on the screw 11 rotate in the same direction, thus forming a vibration isolation unit 1 in the form of positive torque and a vibration isolation unit 1 in the form of negative torque by means of different rotation directions; a single set of spiral blades is composed of one or more layers of spiral blades.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple vibration isolation units 1 are installed in a matrix between plate 1 2 and plate 2 3. The spiral blades in adjacent vibration isolation units 1 rotate in opposite directions, forming positive torque components and negative torque components respectively.

[0043] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, four vibration isolation units 1 are arranged in a rectangular shape between plate 2 and plate 3. The spiral blades in the vibration isolation units 1 in the diagonal direction have the same rotation direction, and the spiral blades in adjacent vibration isolation units 1 have opposite rotation directions.

[0044] The spiral blades in two adjacent vibration isolation units 1 rotate in opposite directions. Thus, during a single vibration, when the spiral blades in two adjacent vibration isolation units 1 interact with the rubber, additional positive and negative torques in opposite directions will be generated, effectively maintaining torque balance while ensuring the damping performance of the vibration isolator.

[0045] For example, in the vibration isolation unit 1 that embodies the positive torque component, when the screw 11 with the left-hand helical blade interacts with the surrounding rubber, it will generate an additional positive torque. In the vibration isolation unit 1 that embodies the negative torque component, when the screw 11 with the right-hand helical blade interacts with the rubber, it will generate a reverse negative torque. Therefore, the positive and negative torque components will maintain torque balance while improving damping performance, effectively ensuring the reliability and service life of the vibration isolator.

[0046] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, a single set of spiral blades consists of two layers of spiral blades with the same direction of rotation, and the tops of the two layers of spiral blades are located on both sides of the screw 11 in the same diameter direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, two sets of spiral blades extend vertically and vertically along the shaft 111 of the screw 11, namely the upper spiral blade 112 and the lower spiral blade 113. The upper spiral blade 112 and the lower spiral blade 113 are completely identical and are both composed of upper and lower double-layer spiral blades with the same direction of rotation.

[0048] In this embodiment, rubber 12 is vulcanized at the upper spiral blade 112, and rubber 14 is vulcanized at the lower spiral blade 113. A connecting adjustment component 13 is installed between rubber 12 and rubber 14. The bottom surface of rubber 14 is connected to the top surface of the lower plate 3.

[0049] A single set of spiral blades extends more than 360° around the screw 11.

[0050] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the rotation angle of a single set of spiral blades is 360°. In actual design and use, the rotation angle of the spiral blades can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0051] Multiple through holes 114 are provided throughout the thickness direction of the spiral blade. The through holes 114 are formed by pre-forming a mold during the vulcanization process. By adjusting the porosity of the through holes 114, the structural damping performance of the vibration isolator can be effectively adjusted.

[0052] In a single vibration isolation unit 1, the connecting adjustment piece 13 is installed on the lower rubber with its opening facing downward. The top surface of the connecting adjustment piece 13 is either attached to or detached from the bottom surface of the upper rubber. The connecting adjustment piece 13 is fixedly fastened to the lower rubber.

[0053] When the top surface of the connecting adjustment piece 13 is in contact with the bottom surface of the upper rubber, vibration can be transmitted between the two rubbers through the connecting adjustment piece 13, exhibiting high stiffness; when the top surface of the connecting adjustment piece 13 is separated from the bottom surface of the upper rubber, the two rubbers are separated from each other and vibration will not be transmitted directly between them, exhibiting low stiffness, and the vibration absorption unit is composed of rubber and screw 11.

[0054] Rubber has a cylindrical structure, such as Figure 5 As shown, the connecting adjustment component 13 is a cylindrical structure with a closed top surface and an open bottom end. A circular hole 132 for the screw 11 to pass through is opened at the center of the top surface of the connecting adjustment component 13. A C-shaped hole 134 is opened on the circumferential side wall of the connecting adjustment component 13. A protrusion 141 extends outward from the outer wall of the lower rubber circumference. The protrusion 141 is fitted at the upper high position or the lower low position of the C-shaped hole 134.

[0055] In this embodiment, the rubber is designed as a cylindrical structure, and the inner cavity of the connecting adjustment member 13 is adapted to the rubber shape. This allows for adjustment of the axial relative position height and locking of the position through relative rotation and axial movement between the connecting adjustment member 13 and the lower rubber, thereby adjusting the fit or detachment state between the connecting adjustment member 13 and the upper rubber.

[0056] The connecting adjustment component 13 is composed of two half-shells 131 joined together. Each half-shell 131 includes a semi-circular piece 1311 and an annular portion 1312 formed by bending and extending the arc-shaped edge of the semi-circular piece 1311. The semi-circular pieces 1311 of the two half-shells 131 are joined together to form the top surface of the connecting adjustment component 13. The middle part of the joint of the two semi-circular pieces 1311 is joined together by semi-circular holes to form a circular hole 132. The ends of the joint of the annular portions 1312 of the two half-shells 131 are respectively extended with folded ears 133. The folded ears 133 are attached to each other and locked and fixed by fasteners.

[0057] In this embodiment, the connecting adjustment member 13 is configured as two interlocking half-shells 131, which facilitates the installation of the connecting adjustment member 13 on the lower rubber. The two half-shells 131 are interlocked on the lower rubber, and the interlocking folding ears 133 are locked by fasteners, thus completing the installation of the connecting adjustment member 13. Furthermore, the position of the connecting adjustment member 13 relative to the screw 11 can be easily adjusted without disassembling the connecting adjustment member 13.

[0058] The installation and adjustment method of the variable stiffness high-damping rubber vibration isolator in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0059] The connecting adjustment component 13 is installed with its opening facing downwards on the lower rubber of the two adjacent rubbers, so that the protrusion 141 is fitted at the lower end of the C-shaped hole 134 of the connecting adjustment component 13; at this time, the top surface of the connecting adjustment component 13 is tightly connected to the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit 1 has high rigidity, such as Figure 3 As shown;

[0060] Rotate the connecting adjustment member 13 to make it rotate relative to the lower rubber, and then apply force to the connecting adjustment member 13 to move it towards the lower rubber. The protrusion 141 moves from the lower low position of the C-shaped hole 134 to the upper high position, and then rotates the connecting adjustment member 13 in the opposite direction. At this time, the top surface of the connecting adjustment member 13 disengages from the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit 1 has low stiffness, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the rubber and screw form a vibration-absorbing unit, which reduces vibration.

[0061] In actual design and use, different material parameters, such as the size and material of the spiral blades and the thickness of the rubber, can be selected through numerical analysis, experimental analysis, etc., to match the target stiffness value of the vibration isolation unit 1.

[0062] The vibration isolator of this invention has a simple and ingenious overall structure, low cost, and facilitates stiffness adjustment while achieving vibration isolation.

[0063] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A mounting adjustment method of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator using a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator including a first plate (2) and a second plate (3) arranged at an interval therebetween, characterized in that: A plurality of vibration isolation units (1) are installed between the first plate (2) and the second plate (3) in a matrix form. The single vibration isolation unit (1) comprises a screw rod (11) installed at the top of the first plate (2), a plurality of groups of helical pieces extending laterally along the axial direction of the screw rod (11), rubber vulcanized and bonded to the screw rod (11) at each group of helical pieces, the helical pieces being contained in the corresponding rubber, the bottom end of the screw rod (11) being located inside the lowermost rubber, the bottom surface of the lowermost rubber being fitted with the top surface of the second plate (3), a connecting and adjusting member (13) being installed between adjacent rubbers, the connecting and adjusting member (13) being structured to connect or disconnect the adjacent two rubbers. The plurality of vibration isolation units (1) are installed in a matrix form between the first plate (2) and the second plate (3), the adjacent vibration isolation units (1) having opposite helical directions of the helical pieces, and the vibration isolation units (1) in the diagonal direction having the same helical direction of the helical pieces. In the adjacent two rubbers of the single vibration isolation unit (1), the connecting and adjusting member (13) is fitted on the lower rubber with the opening facing downward, the top surface of the connecting and adjusting member (13) being in contact with or disconnected from the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the connecting and adjusting member (13) being clamped and fixed with the lower rubber. The rubber has a cylindrical structure, the connecting and adjusting member (13) has a cylindrical structure with a closed top surface and an open bottom end, and a circular hole (132) is formed in the center of the top surface of the connecting and adjusting member (13) for the screw rod (11) to pass through; a C-shaped hole (134) is formed in the circumferential side wall of the connecting and adjusting member (13), and a protrusion (141) is outwardly and protrudingly extended from the circumferential outer wall of the lower rubber, the protrusion (141) being fitted at the upper high position or the lower low position of the C-shaped hole (134). The installation and adjustment method comprises the following steps: The connecting and adjusting member (13) is installed on the lower rubber of the adjacent two rubbers with the opening facing downward, so that the protrusion (141) is fitted at the lower low position of the C-shaped hole (134) of the connecting and adjusting member (13); at this time, the top surface of the connecting and adjusting member (13) is in close contact with the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit (1) has large rigidity; The connecting and adjusting member (13) is rotated relative to the lower rubber, and then a force is applied to the connecting and adjusting member (13) to move it in the direction of the lower rubber, the protrusion (141) is relatively moved from the lower low position to the upper high position of the C-shaped hole (134), and the connecting and adjusting member (13) is reversely rotated; at this time, the top surface of the connecting and adjusting member (13) is disconnected from the bottom surface of the upper rubber, and the vibration isolation unit (1) has small rigidity.

2. A method of mounting adjustment of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of groups of helical pieces on the screw rod (11) of the single vibration isolation unit (1) have the same helical direction; each group of helical pieces is composed of one or more layers of helical pieces.

3. A method of mounting adjustment of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of helical pieces is composed of two layers of helical pieces with the same helical direction, and the top ends of the two layers of helical pieces are located in the same diameter direction on both sides of the screw rod (11).

4. A method of mounting adjustment of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of helical pieces extends helically along the circumferential direction of the screw rod (11) by more than 360°.

5. A method of mounting adjustment of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (114) are formed in the thickness direction of the helical piece.

6. A method of mounting adjustment of a variable stiffness high damping rubber isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting adjusting piece (13) is composed of two half shells (131), each half shell (131) comprises a semicircular sheet (1311) and a ring part (1312) formed by bending the arc edge of the semicircular sheet (1311); the semicircular sheets (1311) of the two half shells (131) are combined to form the top surface of the connecting adjusting piece (13), and the middle part of the joint of the two semicircular sheets (1311) is spliced to form a circular hole (132) by the semicircular holes; the ends of the ring parts (1312) of the two half shells (131) respectively extend a folded ear (133), and the folded ears (133) are mutually attached and locked and fixed by fasteners.

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