A method for planting crops in saline-alkali land

Abstract

A method for planting crops in saline-alkali land, belonging to the field of crop planting methods, includes the following steps: S1, loosening and turning over the surface of the saline-alkali land; S2, burying drip irrigation tape in the saline-alkali land at a depth equal to the bottom of the area turned over in step S1; S3, burying a cylindrical culture tube on the surface of the saline-alkali land, and then placing crop seeds into the culture tube; S4, maintaining the saline-alkali land, with a water pump and a liquid fertilizer pump connected to the input end of the drip irrigation tape, and simultaneously turning on the water pump and liquid fertilizer pump, dripping ammonium sulfate liquid fertilizer to the crop root zone during the drip irrigation process. This invention, by burying the drip irrigation tape near the crop root zone, precisely drips ammonium sulfate liquid fertilizer to the crop root zone for absorption by the crop roots, shortening the liquid fertilizer penetration process, improving the crop's absorption rate of ammonium ions, and enabling the liquid fertilizer to take effect in the early stages of crop growth, competing with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface, thus preventing the crop from failing to grow normally or dying during the seedling stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop planting methods, and specifically relates to a method for planting crops in saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to soil where the salt content affects the normal growth of crops. When the salt content in the soil is too high, plants have difficulty absorbing enough water through osmosis. At the same time, some ions in the soil are not beneficial to plant growth, and some ions, after entering the plant, will have a further adverse effect on plant growth.

[0003] Currently, ammonium sulfate fertilizer is commonly applied when planting crops in saline-alkali land. After entering the soil, ammonium sulfate decomposes into ammonium ions (NH4+). + ) and sulfate (SO4) 2- Because crop roots selectively absorb nutrients, the amount of ammonium ions absorbed is far greater than that of sulfate ions. Therefore, ammonium sulfate is a physiologically acidic fertilizer, which can neutralize saline-alkali soil, thereby improving its pH balance. Furthermore, after adding ammonium sulfate to the soil, ammonium ions compete with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface, thus reducing sodium ion concentration, which in turn lowers alkalinity and inhibits salinity, promoting crop growth.

[0004] However, currently, when applying ammonium sulfate fertilizer, it is usually simply sprinkled on the soil surface. Ammonium sulfate needs to penetrate into the rhizosphere of the crop before it can be absorbed by the crop roots. This results in a low absorption rate of ammonium ions by plants. In the early stages of crop growth, ammonium ions may not have penetrated into the rhizosphere and cannot compete with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface. At this time, because the seedlings are relatively fragile, they are eroded by the salt in the soil, causing the crops to fail to grow normally or even die. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for planting crops in saline-alkali land. By burying drip irrigation tape near the crop root zone, liquid ammonium sulfate fertilizer is precisely dripped onto the crop root zone for absorption by the crop roots. This shortens the liquid fertilizer penetration process, avoids fertilizer loss during penetration, prevents fertilizer waste, and improves the crop's absorption rate of ammonium ions. In addition, it allows the liquid fertilizer to take effect in the early stages of crop growth, competing with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface, thus preventing the crop from failing to grow normally or dying in the seedling stage.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for cultivating crops in saline-alkali land includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Loosen and turn over the surface of saline-alkali land;

[0009] S2. Bury the drip irrigation tape into the saline-alkali land to a depth equal to the bottom of the area turned over in step S1.

[0010] S3. Bury the cylindrical culture tube into the surface of the saline-alkali land, and then put the crop seeds into the culture tube. The culture tube is equipped with a water-absorbing strip. The initial end of the water-absorbing strip is located at the bottom of the outer side of the culture tube, and the end of the water-absorbing strip is located inside the culture tube near the seed. The water-absorbing strip absorbs water and transports it to the vicinity of the seed in the culture tube for the seed to absorb.

[0011] S4. Saline-alkali land maintenance: The drip irrigation tape is connected to a water pump and a liquid fertilizer pump. The water pump and liquid fertilizer pump are turned on at the same time, and the liquid fertilizer ammonium sulfate is dripped into the root zone of the crop during the drip irrigation process.

[0012] Furthermore, the depth of turning and loosening the soil in step S1 is 20-40cm downwards from the surface of the saline-alkali land.

[0013] Furthermore, the culture tube mentioned in step S3 is a paper tube.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the absorbent strip is a cotton strip. The area of ​​the absorbent strip near the initial end is clamped between the bottom end of the culture tube and the soil to form a fixation, and the area of ​​the absorbent strip near the end is bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the culture tube.

[0015] The equipment used in the above-mentioned method for planting crops in saline-alkali land includes a duckbill seeder and a walking support hinged to the duckbill seeder, as well as a feeding trough fixed to the walking support. The feeding trough is inclined and located in front of the duckbill seeder in the direction of travel. The bottom of the feeding trough is open. Culture tubes are arranged in the feeding trough. The culture tubes slide down the feeding trough to the front of the duckbill seeder. During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder, the duckbill tube is inserted into the cavity of the culture tube and the culture tube and the seed are pressed together and inserted into the saline-alkali land.

[0016] Furthermore, a pair of baffles are symmetrically arranged inside the feeding trough. The two baffles are located on both sides of the inside cavity of the feeding trough. One end of the baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding trough, and the other end of the baffle is connected to the inner wall of the feeding trough by means of a spring. A funnel-shaped limiting channel is formed between the two baffles. The outlet of the limiting channel is narrower than the inlet of the limiting channel. When the spring is in the initial position, the width of the outlet of the limiting channel is less than the width of the culture tube. During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder, the duckbill tube is inserted into the culture tube and the culture tube is pulled out from the limiting channel in sequence and inserted into the saline-alkali land along with the duckbill tube.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention buries drip irrigation tape near the crop root zone, allowing the ammonium sulfate liquid fertilizer to be precisely dripped to the crop root zone for absorption by the crop roots. This shortens the liquid fertilizer penetration process, avoids loss of liquid fertilizer during penetration, prevents waste of liquid fertilizer, and improves the crop's absorption rate of ammonium ions. In addition, it enables the liquid fertilizer to take effect in the early stage of crop growth, competing with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface, thus preventing the crop from failing to grow normally or dying in the seedling stage.

[0019] 2. In this invention, seeds are cultivated by setting up a culture tube with a water-absorbing strip. First, a cylindrical paper culture tube is buried in the seed planting area, and then the seeds are implanted into the culture tube for growth. In the early stage of seed growth, since the seeds are relatively weak and require less water and fertilizer, and the water-absorbing strip on the culture tube is a cotton strip, the water and liquid fertilizer will seep into the lower part of the seed during drip irrigation, instead of directly into the seed's location. At this time, the initial end of the water-absorbing strip is located in the moist soil below the seed, absorbing a small amount of water and liquid fertilizer from the moist soil, and transporting this part of the nutrients to the seed's location through the end of the water-absorbing strip for the seed to absorb water, thereby avoiding the seed being soaked in too much water or absorbing too much liquid fertilizer, resulting in nutrient overload.

[0020] 3. This invention also provides equipment for planting crops in saline-alkali land. This equipment can efficiently bury culture tubes in saline-alkali land. The equipment in this invention adds a feeding trough to the traditional duckbill seeder. The feeding trough is located in front of the duckbill seeder in the direction of travel. Several culture tubes are arranged in the feeding trough, and the openings of the culture tubes face the duckbill seeder. When the duckbill seeder moves forward, as the duckbill tube rolls forward, it will push the edge of the culture tube cavity. Then, as the duckbill seeder continues to roll, it presses the culture tube into the turned saline-alkali land. When the duckbill tube presses the culture tube directly below the duckbill seeder, the duckbill tube opens its opening to bury the seed, thus realizing simultaneous burying of the tube and sowing, improving crop planting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planting process according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding trough of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planting side view of the present invention;

[0025] In the attached diagram, 1. Drip irrigation tape, 2. Culture tube, 3. Seed, 4. Water absorption strip, 5. Duckbill seeder, 6. Walking support, 7. Feeding trough, 8. Baffle, 9. Spring, a. Turning area, b. Unturned area, c. Drip irrigation area, d. Infiltration area. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a method for planting crops in saline-alkali land, including the following steps:

[0028] S1. Use a soil turner to turn and loosen the surface of the saline-alkali land. The turning depth is 20-40cm from the surface of the saline-alkali land.

[0029] S2. Bury the drip irrigation tape 1 into the saline-alkali land to a depth equal to the bottom of the turning and throwing area in step S1.

[0030] S3. Bury the paper cylindrical culture tube 2 into the surface of the saline-alkali land, and then put the crop seed 3 into the culture tube 2. The culture tube 2 is equipped with a water-absorbing strip 4. The initial end of the water-absorbing strip 4 is located at the bottom of the outer side of the culture tube 2, and the end of the water-absorbing strip 4 is located inside the culture tube 2 near the seed 3. The water-absorbing strip 4 absorbs water and transports it to the vicinity of the seed 3 inside the culture tube 2 for the seed 3 to absorb.

[0031] S4. Saline-alkali land maintenance: The drip irrigation tape 1 is connected to a water pump and a liquid fertilizer pump. The water pump and liquid fertilizer pump are turned on at the same time, and the liquid fertilizer ammonium sulfate is dripped into the root zone of the crop during the drip irrigation process.

[0032] Currently, the application of ammonium sulfate fertilizer typically involves simply scattering it on the soil surface. This results in low absorption rates of ammonium ions by crop roots. Furthermore, in the early stages of crop growth, ammonium ions may not have penetrated into the rhizosphere and cannot compete with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface. At this time, because seedlings are relatively fragile, they are easily eroded by soil salts, leading to abnormal growth or even death. Therefore, this invention proposes the aforementioned method for planting crops in saline-alkali land. Figure 1 As shown, by burying the drip irrigation tape 1 near the crop root zone, the liquid fertilizer ammonium sulfate is precisely dripped to the crop root zone for absorption by the crop roots. This shortens the liquid fertilizer penetration process, avoids loss of liquid fertilizer during penetration, prevents waste of liquid fertilizer, and improves the crop's absorption rate of ammonium ions. In addition, it can also make the liquid fertilizer effective in the early stage of crop growth, competing with sodium ions for binding sites on the crop surface, and preventing the crop from failing to grow normally or dying in the seedling stage.

[0033] In step S1, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 Part a represents the tilled area, and part b represents the untilled area. In this invention, the saline-alkali land is tilled and loosened before laying the drip irrigation tape 1. This loosens the soil, providing sufficient oxygen for the subsequent growth of seeds 3. Furthermore, since salt in saline-alkali land mainly accumulates on the surface, tilling distributes the salt evenly throughout the tilled area, reducing the salt concentration on the surface. Excessive salt concentration in certain areas of the surface soil can negatively impact crop growth when it reaches those areas. Additionally, loose soil facilitates the placement of the drip irrigation tape 1 and the culture tube 2. If the surface soil is too hard, the paper culture tube 2 may not be able to be inserted smoothly.

[0034] In step S2, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drip irrigation tape 1 is buried at the bottom of the turning and spreading area in step S1. This is because the turning and spreading depth is determined according to the root zone of the crop. 20-40cm is the root zone of the crop after it has grown. Therefore, by burying the drip irrigation tape 1 at the bottom of the turning and spreading area, the liquid fertilizer ammonium sulfate can directly penetrate into the root zone of the crop for absorption by the crop roots when fertilizing with the drip irrigation tape 1.

[0035] In step S3, such as Figure 1 As shown, this invention differs from traditional crop planting methods. Traditional crop planting involves directly burying the seeds 3 in the soil. In this invention, a cylindrical paper culture tube 2 is first buried in the planting area of ​​the seeds 3, and then the seeds 3 are implanted into the culture tube 2 for growth. In the early stage of seed growth, since the seeds 3 are relatively weak and require less water and fertilizer, and the water-absorbing strip 4 on the culture tube is a cotton strip, the water and liquid fertilizer will seep below the seeds 3 during drip irrigation, rather than directly into the location of the seeds 3. At this time, the initial end of the water-absorbing strip 4 is located in the moist soil below the seeds 3, absorbing a small amount of water and liquid fertilizer from the moist soil, and transporting this part of the nutrients through the end of the water-absorbing strip 4 to the location of the seeds 3 for the seeds 3 to absorb water, thereby avoiding the seeds 3 being soaked in too much water or absorbing too much liquid fertilizer, resulting in nutrient overload.

[0036] Furthermore, because the groundwater in saline-alkali land contains a high salt content, large-scale irrigation and frequent drip irrigation are not feasible. However, this invention lays the drip irrigation tape 1 below the tilled area, such as... Figure 4As shown in the figure, the area c formed by the dotted line is the drip irrigation area of ​​drip irrigation tape 1. Since the soil above drip irrigation tape 1 is relatively loose after being turned over and the soil below is relatively firm, most of the water and liquid fertilizer dripped by drip irrigation tape 1 will seep into the soil above, thus saving water resources. The area d formed by the dotted line is the infiltration area formed after being transported by the water absorption strip 4. The water and liquid fertilizer dripped by drip irrigation tape 1 seep into the bottom of the cultivation cylinder, and the water is guided by the water absorption strip 4 to a small area near the seeds 3 in the cultivation cylinder. Areas c and d form a pear-shaped drip irrigation area. Compared with irrigation with a large amount of water to seep into the surface of saline-alkali land, the above method can reduce the seepage of groundwater containing salt into the top layer of saline-alkali land and slow down the rate at which the turned saline-alkali land is eroded by salt again.

[0037] In step S4, the drip irrigation tape 1 of the present invention utilizes a water pump and a liquid fertilizer pump to enable the separate or combined application of water drip irrigation and liquid fertilizer. When watering is performed routinely, the water pump can be turned on alone. When saline-alkali land needs to be maintained, the water pump and the liquid fertilizer pump can be turned on simultaneously so that water and liquid fertilizer can drip irrigate the soil together. It can also dilute the liquid fertilizer and prevent the liquid fertilizer concentration from being too high.

[0038] In order to enable the cultivation tube 2 to be efficiently buried in saline-alkali soil, the present invention also provides equipment for a method of planting crops in saline-alkali soil, such as... Figure 2-3 As shown, the device includes a duckbill seeder 5 and a walking support 6 hinged to the duckbill seeder 5, as well as a feeding trough 7 fixed to the walking support 6. The feeding trough 7 is inclined and located in front of the duckbill seeder 5 in the direction of travel. The bottom of the feeding trough 7 is open. Culture tubes 2 are arranged inside the feeding trough 7. The culture tubes 2 slide down along the feeding trough 7 to the front of the duckbill seeder 5. During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder 5, the duckbill tube is inserted into the cavity of the culture tube 2 and presses the culture tube 2 and the seed 3 together into the saline-alkali soil. In addition, the duckbill seeder 5 is inclined during the pressing of the culture tube 2. At this time, the water-absorbing strip 4 is just clamped and fixed by the bottom of the culture tube 2 and the soil.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the device in this invention adds a feeding trough 7 to the traditional duckbill seeder 5. The feeding trough 7 is located in front of the duckbill seeder 5 in the direction of travel. Several culture tubes 2 are arranged in the feeding trough 7, and the openings of the culture tubes 2 face the duckbill seeder 5. When the duckbill seeder 5 moves forward, as the duckbill tubes roll forward, they will push the edge of the cavity of the culture tubes 2. Then, as the duckbill seeder 5 continues to roll, it presses the culture tubes 2 into the turned saline-alkali soil. When the duckbill tubes press the culture tubes 2 directly below the duckbill seeder 5, the duckbill tubes open their openings to bury the seeds 3, thus realizing simultaneous burying of tubes and sowing, improving crop planting efficiency.

[0040] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown, a pair of baffles 8 are symmetrically arranged inside the feeding trough 7. The two baffles 8 are located on both sides of the inside cavity of the feeding trough 7. One end of the baffle 8 is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding trough 7, and the other end of the baffle 8 is connected to the inner wall of the feeding trough 7 by means of a spring 9. A funnel-shaped limiting channel is formed between the two baffles 8. The outlet of the limiting channel is narrower than the inlet of the limiting channel. When the spring 9 is in the initial position, the outlet width of the limiting channel is less than the width of the culture tube 2. During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder 5, the duckbill tube is inserted into the culture tube 2 and the culture tube 2 is pulled out from the limiting channel in sequence and inserted into the saline-alkali land along with the duckbill tube.

[0041] To ensure that the culture tubes 2 can be buried in an orderly manner, the feeding trough 7 of this invention is also provided with a pair of baffles 8. The width of the limiting channel formed between the pair of baffles 8 is smaller than the width of the culture tube 2. Without external force, the culture tube 2 cannot pass through the limiting channel. However, since the free end of the baffle 8 is connected to the inner wall of the feeding trough 7 by means of a spring 9, the first-stage culture tube 2 can push the baffles 8 on both sides and pass through the limiting channel for burial under the action of the first-stage duckbill tube. Since the free end of the baffle 8 rebounds quickly under the action of the spring 9, the second-stage culture tube 2 cannot pass through the limiting channel. After a period of time, the second-stage duckbill tube will rotate to the limiting channel. At this time, the second-stage culture tube 2 passes through the limiting channel under the action of the second-stage duckbill tube. This process is repeated to ensure that the culture tubes 2 are buried in an orderly manner.

Claims

1. A method for planting crops in saline-alkali land, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Loosen and turn over the surface of saline-alkali land; S2. Bury the drip irrigation tape (1) in the saline-alkali land to a depth equal to the bottom of the turning and throwing area in step S1. S3. Bury the cylindrical culture tube (2) into the surface of the saline-alkali land, and then put the crop seeds (3) into the culture tube (2). The culture tube (2) is equipped with a water-absorbing strip (4). The initial end of the water-absorbing strip (4) is located at the bottom outside of the culture tube (2), and the end of the water-absorbing strip (4) is located inside the culture tube (2) near the seeds (3). The water-absorbing strip (4) absorbs water and transports it to the vicinity of the seeds (3) in the culture tube (2) for the seeds (3) to absorb. S4, Saline-alkali land maintenance, drip irrigation tape (1) has a water pump and a liquid fertilizer pump connected at the input end. At the same time, the water pump and the liquid fertilizer pump are turned on, and the liquid fertilizer ammonium sulfate is dripped into the root zone of the crop during the drip irrigation process. Based on the above-mentioned method for planting crops in saline-alkali land, the equipment used for planting includes a duckbill seeder (5) and a walking support (6) hinged to the duckbill seeder (5), and also includes a feeding trough (7) fixed to the walking support (6). The feeding trough (7) is inclined and located in front of the duckbill seeder (5) in the direction of travel. The bottom of the feeding trough (7) is open. Culture tubes (2) are arranged in the feeding trough (7). The culture tubes (2) slide down along the feeding trough (7) to the front of the duckbill seeder (5). During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder (5), the duckbill tube is inserted into the cavity of the culture tube (2) and the culture tube (2) and the seed (3) are pressed together and inserted into the saline-alkali land.

2. The method for planting crops in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of turning and loosening the soil in step S1 is 20-40cm down from the surface of the saline-alkali land.

3. The method for planting crops in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture tube (2) mentioned in step S3 is a paper tube.

4. The method for planting crops in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the absorbent strip (4) is a cotton strip. The area of ​​the absorbent strip (4) near the initial end is clamped between the bottom end of the culture tube (2) and the soil to form a fixation. The area of ​​the absorbent strip (4) near the end is bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the culture tube (2).

5. A method for planting crops in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of baffles (8) are symmetrically arranged inside the feeding trough (7). The two baffles (8) are located on both sides of the inside cavity of the feeding trough (7). One end of the baffle (8) is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding trough (7), and the other end of the baffle (8) is connected to the inner wall of the feeding trough (7) by means of a spring (9). A funnel-shaped limiting channel is formed between the two baffles (8). The outlet of the limiting channel is narrower than the inlet of the limiting channel. When the spring (9) is in the initial position, the outlet width of the limiting channel is less than the width of the culture tube (2). During the forward movement of the duckbill seeder (5), the duckbill tube is inserted into the culture tube (2) and the culture tube (2) is pulled out from the limiting channel in sequence and inserted into the saline-alkali land along with the duckbill seeder (5).

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