A process for the selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite

Abstract

The application discloses a method for selectively separating chalcopyrite and pyrite, and belongs to the field of mineral separation. First, lime is added to adjust the pH to 9-10 during grinding, then ethanolamine and isoamyl xanthate are added into the slurry as a combined collector I, wherein the ethanolamine has the function of a foaming agent, and under the condition of one roughing, three scavenging and two cleaning, a copper concentrate is obtained. The combined collector I has good synergistic effect, and has the advantages of considering the collecting property, selectivity and foaming property, reducing the amount of the inhibitor lime, and not needing to add a foaming agent, and can selectively and efficiently separate copper-sulfur minerals.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, in particular to the technical field of mineral separation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Copper-sulfur ore is one of the important sources of copper metal production, but the natural floatability of the two is close, and the interaction of each component in the ore pulp is large, causing the separation of the two to be difficult.

[0003] At present, lime is the most widely used pyrite depressant in industry, which has a series of problems such as easy to carry mud, easy to block pipeline, and not conducive to subsequent metal recovery due to its large dosage. Common chalcopyrite collectors in production include xanthate, black drug and sulfonamide. The xanthate collector has relatively strong collecting ability, but poor selectivity; the black drug and sulfonamide collector has good selectivity, but relatively poor collecting ability, and it is difficult to balance the collecting ability and selectivity by using a single collector. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the defects existing in the copper-sulfur separation process, the present application aims to provide a method for selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, and to realize efficient separation of copper-sulfur resources.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is: a method for selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, using isoamyl xanthate and ethanolamine as a selective combination collector I for chalcopyrite, wherein the molecular structure of ethanolamine is as shown:

[0006]

[0007] The ethanolamine described in the present application has a foaming effect, and no foaming agent needs to be added in the selective separation process.

[0008] Preferably, the combination collector I described in the present application is added in roughing and scavenging.

[0009] Preferably, the combination collector I described in the present application is added in roughing and scavenging.

[0010] Preferably, the combination collector I described in the present application is added in roughing and scavenging.

[0011] Further, the selective separation step specifically comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) adding lime into copper-sulfur ore to make pH=9-10, grinding to obtain copper-sulfur monomer dissociation slurry.

[0013] (2) adding combined collector I into the copper-sulfur monomer dissociation slurry obtained in step (1), stirring and then scraping bubble to obtain mixed rough concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0014] (3) performing scavenging operation on the roughing tailings obtained in step (2), adding combined collector I during scavenging to finally obtain scavenging first middlings, scavenging second middlings, scavenging third middlings and final tailings, wherein the middlings products are returned in sequence.

[0015] (4) performing concentration operation on the mixed rough concentrate obtained in step (2), obtaining concentration first middlings and final copper concentrate through twice concentration, wherein the middlings products are returned in sequence and no any reagent is added during the twice concentration.

[0016] As further preferred of the present application, the adding amount of combined collector I in scavenging first is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 15-25 g / t ethanolamine, the adding amount of combined collector I in scavenging second is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 10-20 g / t ethanolamine, and the adding amount of combined collector I in scavenging third is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 5-15 g / t ethanolamine.

[0017] Preferably, the adding mass ratio of lime in step (1) is 500-1000 g / t.

[0018] Preferably, the fineness of the copper-sulfur ore in step (1) is 74-75% of-0.074 μm to achieve copper-sulfur monomer dissociation.

[0019] Preferably, the stirring time in step (2) is 3 min and the scraping bubble time is 5 min.

[0020] The experimental principle of the present application is that isoamyl xanthate has good collecting performance, which can effectively ensure the copper separation recovery rate; ethanolamine has better collecting property on chalcopyrite than on pyrite, has good selectivity, and also has certain foaming capacity. The combination of the two has good synergistic effect, taking into account the collecting property, selectivity and foaming property, so as to achieve the purpose of selectively and efficiently separating copper-sulfur minerals.

[0021] Advantages of the present application

[0022] (1) The combined collector I of the present application has synergistic effect, which significantly improves the separation selectivity of chalcopyrite from pyrite and gangue in copper sulfide ore, and improves the grade and recovery rate of copper concentrate.

[0023] (2) The ethanolamine in the combined collector I of the present application has foaming capacity, so it is not necessary to additionally add a foaming agent, which simplifies the operation process and greatly reduces the production cost.

[0024] (3) The combined collector I of the present application can reduce the amount of lime, reduce a series of hazards brought by high lime amount, and has dual advantages of economy and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Flotation flow chart of Example 1 and Example 2;

[0026] Figure 2 Flotation flow chart of Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific examples.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Mineral raw material

[0030] The raw ore taken from a copper mine in Yunnan Province has a copper grade of 0.6-0.8% and a total sulfur grade of 11-12%; the copper minerals contained therein mainly include chalcopyrite, accounting for 80-85%; the rest are secondary copper minerals, accounting for 10-15%; the pyrite mainly includes pyrite; and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0031] (1) The pH is adjusted to 9 by adding 500 g / t of lime in the mill, and the raw ore is ground to a fineness of 75% passing 0.074 μm, to obtain a copper-sulfur monomer dissociation pulp.

[0032] (2) After the pulp in step (1) is uniformly stirred, roughing is performed, 10 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 20 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added, and stirring is performed for 3 min, followed by scraping bubbles for 5 min, to obtain mixed rough concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0033] (3) The roughing tailings obtained in step (2) are subjected to scavenging operation, 5 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 15 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added in scavenging one, 5 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 10 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added in scavenging two, and 5 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 15 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added in scavenging three, to finally obtain scavenging one concentrate, scavenging two concentrate, scavenging three concentrate, and final tailings, wherein the concentrate products are returned in order.

[0034] (4) The mixed rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is subjected to cleaning operation, and cleaning one concentrate and final copper concentrate are obtained after two times of cleaning, wherein the concentrate products are returned in order, and no medicine is added in the two times of cleaning. The test results of the final copper concentrate are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 Product index of flotation of Example 1

[0036]

[0037] As can be seen from Table 1, the high-sulfur and low-copper ore has reached good monomer dissociation of chalcopyrite and pyrite and other gangue minerals under the condition of coarse grinding fineness of 75% of -0.074 μm. The copper concentrate product reaches a copper grade of 20.44% and a copper recovery rate of 92.62% under the condition of one roughing, three scavenging and two cleaning, and the sulfur recovery rate is only 9.13%. A large amount of pyrite exists in the tailings, and the pentyl yellow + ethanolamine combined collector I can achieve considerable separation effect and concentrate index under the condition of not adding a foaming agent under low alkali conditions.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Mineral raw material: same as Example 1

[0040] The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0041] (1) Adjust the pH to 10 by adding 1000 g / t of lime in the mill, and grind the raw ore to a fineness of 74% of -0.074 μm to obtain a copper-sulfur monomer dissociation slurry.

[0042] (2) After the slurry in step (1) is uniformly stirred, roughing is performed, 20 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 30 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added and stirred for 3 min, and then scraping is performed for 5 min to obtain a mixed rough concentrate and a roughing tailings.

[0043] (3) Scavenging is performed on the roughing tailings obtained in step (2), 15 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 25 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added for scavenging one, 15 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 20 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added for scavenging two, and 15 g / t of isopentyl xanthate + 5 g / t of ethanolamine combined collector I is added for scavenging three, and finally scavenging one concentrate, scavenging two concentrate, scavenging three concentrate and final tailings are obtained, wherein the concentrate products are returned in sequence.

[0044] (4) Cleaning is performed on the mixed rough concentrate obtained in step (2), and cleaning one concentrate and final copper concentrate are obtained through two times of cleaning, wherein the concentrate products are returned in sequence, and no drug is added in the two times of cleaning. The test results of the final copper concentrate are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Table 2: Flotation product index of Example 2

[0046]

[0047] As can be seen from Table 2, the high-sulfur and low-copper ore is coarsely ground to a fineness of 74% -0.074 μm, and a roughing, three scavenging and two cleaning process is used to obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 20.84% and a copper recovery of 92.98%, and a sulfur recovery of 9.14%, which achieves an appreciable separation effect and concentrate index.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The mineral raw material is the same as in Example 1, lime is added in the grinding process to adjust the pH to 12 or above, and the collector II is a combination of pentyl yellow and ethyl yellow, and a foaming agent 2# oil is added. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0050] (1) Lime is added in the mill to adjust the pH to 12 or above, and the raw ore is ground to a fineness of 75% -0.074 μm.

[0051] (2) After the slurry in step (1) is stirred uniformly, roughing is performed, 15 g / t of pentyl yellow + 15 g / t of ethyl yellow combined collector II and 10 g / t of foaming agent 2# oil are added, and stirring is performed for 3 min, then scraping is performed, the time is 5 min, and a mixed rough concentrate and roughing tailings are obtained.

[0052] (3) The roughing tailings obtained in step (2) are subjected to scavenging operation, in the first scavenging, 10 g / t of pentyl yellow + 10 g / t of ethyl yellow combined collector II and 10 g / t of foaming agent 2# oil are added, in the second scavenging, 10 g / t of pentyl yellow + 10 g / t of ethyl yellow combined collector II and 5 g / t of foaming agent 2# oil are added, in the third scavenging, 10 g / t of pentyl yellow + 10 g / t of ethyl yellow combined collector II and 5 g / t of foaming agent 2# oil are added, and finally, the first scavenging concentrate, the second scavenging concentrate, the third scavenging concentrate and the final tailings are obtained, and the concentrates are returned in sequence.

[0053] (4) The mixed rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is subjected to cleaning operation, and after two cleanings, the first cleaning concentrate and the final copper concentrate are obtained, no drugs are added in the two cleanings, the concentrates are returned in sequence, and the test results of the final copper concentrate are shown in Table 3.

[0054] Table 3 Flotation product index of Comparative Example 1

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 3, under the conditions of adjusting the pH to 12 and above with lime in the grinding stage and one roughing, three scavenging and two cleaning in the flotation stage, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 19.75% and a copper recovery of 89.77% and a sulfur recovery of 9.35% is obtained, compared with the flotation results of Example 1, the copper grade is reduced by 0.69 percentage points, the copper recovery is also reduced by 2.85%, and the sulfur recovery is increased by 0.17%, which shows that the pentyl yellow + ethanolamine combined collector I has good synergistic effect, higher selectivity and collecting property, and can realize effective separation of copper and sulfur minerals under low alkali conditions.

[0057] Compared with the traditional flotation method, the flotation method described in the present application not only can more efficiently separate copper and sulfur minerals to obtain high-quality copper, but also reduces the amount of lime, and the use of ethanolamine takes into account the use of a foaming agent in the flotation operation, has good economic benefits and low environmental hazards.

Claims

1. A process for the selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, characterized in that: I. Selective combined collector for chalcopyrite using isoamyl xanthate and ethanolamine The selective combined collector I is used in a method for selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) adding lime in the copper-sulfur ore to make pH=9-10, and performing grinding to obtain a copper-sulfur monomer dissociation slurry; (2) performing roughing on the copper-sulfur monomer dissociation slurry obtained in step (1), adding the combined collector I, stirring, and then performing froth scraping to obtain a mixed rough concentrate and a roughing tailing; (3) performing scavenging on the roughing tailing obtained in step (2), adding the combined collector I during the scavenging, and finally obtaining a scavenging first concentrate, a scavenging second concentrate, a scavenging third concentrate, and a final tailing, wherein the concentrate products are returned in sequence; (4) performing concentration on the mixed rough concentrate obtained in step (2), and obtaining a concentration first concentrate and a final copper concentrate through twice concentration, wherein the concentrate products are returned in sequence, and no medicine is added during the twice concentration.

2. The process for chalcopyrite and pyrite selective separation according to claim 1, characterized by: The addition amount of the combined collector I in the first scavenging is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 15-25 g / t ethanolamine, the addition amount of the combined collector I in the second scavenging is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 10-20 g / t ethanolamine, and the addition amount of the combined collector I in the third scavenging is 5-15 g / t isoamyl xanthate + 5-15 g / t ethanolamine.

3. The process for chalcopyrite and pyrite selective separation according to claim 1, characterized by: The addition amount of the lime in step (1) is 500-1000 g / t.

4. The process for chalcopyrite and pyrite selective separation according to claim 1, characterized by: In step (1), the fineness of the copper-sulfur ore is 74-75% of -0.074 μm to achieve copper-sulfur monomer dissociation.

5. The process for chalcopyrite and pyrite selective separation according to claim 1, characterized by: In step (2), the stirring time is 3 min, and the froth scraping time is 5 min.

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