Foundation pit slope protection pile special-shaped waist beam formwork and supporting system construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, in particular to a foundation pit slope protection pile special waist beam formwork and support system construction method, which comprises a rubber pad, one end of the rubber pad is provided with a customized aluminum alloy mold, the customized aluminum alloy mold comprises a bottom mold and a side mold, the side mold and the bottom mold are integrally formed, and the side mold and the bottom mold form a ninety-degree angle, a plurality of top end cover plates are uniformly welded on the end side wall of the side mold away from the bottom mold, a pile column is arranged on one side of the customized aluminum alloy mold, the top end cover plates are connected with one end of the pile column through connecting rods and U-shaped clamps, the rubber pad is fixed on the end side wall of the bottom mold away from the side mold through a pressing plate, and the other end of the rubber pad is in close contact with the outer wall of the pile column; the special waist beam is constructed by using the customized aluminum alloy mold, the installation and disassembly operation process is simple, the construction can be carried out only by simply briefing the operators, the mold is easy to transfer after disassembly, and the construction speed can be accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit support technology, specifically to a construction method for an irregularly shaped waist beam formwork and support system for foundation pit slope protection piles. Background Technology

[0002] Foundation pit support is a set of measures to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit. It involves supporting, reinforcing and protecting the sidewalls of the foundation pit and the surrounding environment. It is an important sub-project of foundation engineering in building construction. Although it is a temporary structure, it directly affects the safety of the foundation pit during the main construction phase of the entire building project.

[0003] Currently, the foundation pit support system of cast-in-place pile row + water-stop curtain + prestressed anchor is widely used and is suitable for construction in confined spaces. To ensure better stress distribution of the prestressed anchor, a wainscoting beam needs to be installed on the support system. When using a wainscoting beam with an irregular cross-section, the traditional cast-in-place method has the following drawbacks: The existing support piles have front-to-back position deviations during construction, causing the wainscoting beam to be out of plane during the erection process. This makes formwork extremely difficult, the wainscoting beam structure is prone to loosening, and the support system is unstable. Traditional wainscoting support uses a large amount of timber and steel bars, has poor reusability, and is costly. At the same time, the steel bar fabrication and installation, as well as the formwork erection process, are complex, and the labor intensity of the operators is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for irregular waist beam formwork and support system of foundation pit slope protection piles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a special-shaped waist beam template for foundation pit slope protection piles, comprising: a rubber pad, one end of which is provided with a customized aluminum alloy mold, the customized aluminum alloy mold including a bottom mold and a side mold, the side mold and the bottom mold being integrally formed, and the side mold and the bottom mold forming a 90-degree angle, a plurality of top cover plates being uniformly welded on the side wall of the side mold away from the bottom mold, a pile column being provided on one side of the customized aluminum alloy mold, and the top cover plate being connected to one end of the pile column through a connecting rod and a U-shaped clip;

[0006] The rubber pad is fixed to the side wall of the bottom mold away from the side mold by a pressure plate, and the other end of the rubber pad is in close contact with the outer wall of the pile.

[0007] The lower end of the customized aluminum alloy mold is fitted with a socket body, and the lower end of the socket body is detachably fitted with a movable block. The lower end of the movable block is fitted with an overlapping block, and the lower end of the overlapping block is threadedly connected to the support column via a screw.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the customized aluminum alloy mold is provided with a connecting plate, and several snap-fit ​​plates are uniformly fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting plate. The snap-fit ​​plates are L-shaped and are slidably connected to the top cover plate. At the same time, the connecting plate is fixed to the upper end of the side mold by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, each of the top cover plates is fixedly installed with a hook at its upper end, one end of the U-shaped clip is fixedly connected to the pile, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the U-shaped clip and the hook.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the rubber pad is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure plate, the pressure plate is fixed to the bottom mold by bolts, and a plug plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the bottom mold. The plug plate is L-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the socket is hollow, with an opening at the upper end and a connecting cavity fixedly installed at the lower end of the opening, and one end of the plug plate is slidably inserted into the opening and the connecting cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole is provided on the bottom side wall of the socket body, and teeth are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the inner port of the strip-shaped hole. A positioning plate is provided on the inner side of the strip-shaped hole, and several racks are evenly installed on the lower end of the positioning plate. The moving block is located at the outer end of the strip-shaped hole, and a threaded post is fixedly installed on the upper end of the moving block. The upper end of the threaded post passes through the strip-shaped hole and the positioning plate in sequence and is threadedly connected to a nut. The lower end of the positioning plate is engaged with the inner end of the socket body.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the screw is rotatably connected to the lower end of the overlapping block via a bearing. The upper end of the overlapping block is provided with an overlapping groove. When the overlapping block and the movable block are connected, the movable block is located in the overlapping groove.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the support column is provided with a threaded hole, and the lower end is fixedly installed with a support plate, and the inner wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the screw.

[0015] A construction method for an irregularly shaped waist beam support system for foundation pit slope protection piles, specifically including the following steps:

[0016] S1. Construction preparation: After the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom elevation of the waist beam, the top elevation line of the beam is determined according to the design requirements and marked. The protective layer of the pile body is removed to expose the main reinforcement. U-shaped clips are used to fix the main reinforcement to avoid welding damage to the main reinforcement.

[0017] S2. Pile body reinforcement: The waist beam is connected to the cast-in-place pile through reinforcement. Two HRB400Φ25 steel bars are arranged vertically and horizontally with a spacing of 1500mm. The insertion length is 40d to prevent the waist beam from sinking or falling.

[0018] S3. Reinforcing bar processing and installation: Nine HRB400Φ25 reinforcing bars are set according to the design requirements. HRB400Φ8@150 four-limb stirrups are set according to the cross-section of the irregular waist beam. Because this construction method first uses U-shaped clamps to connect with the main reinforcement of the support pile, and then sets the connecting rods to connect with the U-shaped clamps through a customized aluminum alloy mold, and the bottom support column is stable, the outer ring tie bars required by the design can be omitted to avoid damage to the main reinforcement of the support pile caused by the welding of reinforcing bars.

[0019] S4. Formwork processing and installation, support frame installation: The base soil layer is leveled and compacted, and a pad is set at the bottom. The pad is made of wood with a length of not less than 2 spans, a thickness of not less than 50mm, and a width of not less than 200mm. φ48.3mm×3.6mm disc buckle uprights are set on the pad, and 48×2.5×600 / 1200 disc buckle horizontal bars are set horizontally with a horizontal spacing of 600mm and a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. The step distance is ≤1500mm. Adjust the top support to the calculated height.

[0020] S5. Socket installation: The socket is made of welded steel with a 600mm bevel length, a 30° angle between the bevel and the horizontal section, a 520mm horizontal section, and a 300mm vertical section. The bevel is provided with an opening and a connecting cavity to facilitate socket connection with the customized aluminum alloy mold.

[0021] S6. Customized Aluminum Alloy Mold Installation: Standardized molds are made of aluminum alloy in one piece. The customized aluminum alloy mold is 2.4m long, with a side mold width of 350mm and a bottom mold width of 600mm. The side mold and bottom mold form a 90° angle. The bottom mold is equipped with a plug-in plate, and the bottom mold end is equipped with a 200mm wide soft rubber pad. After the reinforcement is tied and the support column is set, each customized aluminum alloy mold is installed according to the position of the waist beam reinforcement. The mold is fixed to the connecting cavity by plug-in plate. Each set of customized aluminum alloy molds is firmly connected by a slot. A rubber pad is placed in the slot to prevent grout leakage at the joint and affect the concrete forming quality. A soft rubber pad is placed at the bottom mold end to fit tightly against the support pile to prevent concrete leakage.

[0022] S7. Top Cover Plate Installation: The top cover plate is made of aluminum alloy, with a width of 200mm and a length of 420mm. Hooks are welded to the upper part of the side mold to connect with the connecting rod, with a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. One end of the top cover plate is fixed to the standardized mold by a snap-fit, and the other end is supported on the support pile to prevent the mold from deforming during concrete pouring. Holes are drilled at the end of the cover plate, and the length of the cover plate can be adjusted by steel plates and pins to avoid the phenomenon that the cover plate size is not suitable due to the deviation of the support pile position.

[0023] S8. Connecting rod installation: After the template and top cover plate are installed, use the telescopic connecting rod to connect one end to the hook on the customized aluminum alloy mold, and the other end to the U-shaped clip that is fixed to the main reinforcement of the support pile in advance, so as to tie the entire template system and prevent the template from sinking or falling during the concrete pouring process.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. Fast construction speed

[0026] Customized aluminum alloy molds are used for the construction of irregular waist beams. The installation and disassembly process is simple. Only a simple instruction is required for the operators to start construction. The molds are easy to reuse after disassembly, which can speed up the construction process.

[0027] 2. Improve the forming quality of the waist beam

[0028] This construction method uses a custom-made aluminum alloy mold with a soft rubber pad at the bottom, which can fit tightly with the pile body to avoid grout leakage during concrete construction and ensure a tight bond between the concrete and the pile body. The custom-made aluminum alloy mold is firmly connected by a slot to ensure the quality of concrete forming. The bottom support is set to ensure that the support system is not disturbed during concrete pouring, and to ensure the construction quality of the irregular waist beam is achieved in one go.

[0029] 3. Improve the safety of the template support system

[0030] This construction method uses adjustable support components at the bottom of the mold to ensure that the wainscoting and the base are tightly fitted together, thus maintaining sufficient stability even during the huge vibrations generated during concrete pouring. Secondly, the use of customized aluminum alloy molds can ensure the flatness of the wainscoting component surface. When reinforcing the anchorage of the prestressed anchor rod, the anchorage can be tightly fitted to the surface of the wainscoting, thereby ensuring the balanced force on the anchorage and ensuring the overall safety and reliability of the foundation pit support system.

[0031] 4-week fast turnover, low loss, and cost savings

[0032] This construction method uses standardized aluminum alloy templates, which have low wear and tear. Through turnover, it can meet the continuous construction of the entire foundation pit support system's waist beam, reducing the costs caused by the low turnover and long support cycle of wooden templates. The rapid turnover of standardized templates accelerates the construction period and reduces the cost of use.

[0033] 5. Highly applicable and widely applicable

[0034] This construction method is applicable to any irregular cross-section girder component. Only a standard mold needs to be customized according to the cross-section of the component. The bottom support system can be height adjusted according to the excavation depth.

[0035] 6. Green and environmentally friendly

[0036] This construction method reduces the use of labor, wooden formwork, and timber compared to traditional construction techniques; it also reduces one-time investment and avoids the waste of a large amount of steel compared to steel wainscoting construction techniques. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the customized aluminum alloy mold installation for this invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is an exploded side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is an exploded bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the socket installation of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a process flow diagram for the construction of this invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Custom aluminum alloy mold; 2. Top cover plate; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Clip plate; 5. Insert plate; 6. Rubber pad; 7. Pressure plate; 8. Hook; 9. Connecting rod; 10. U-shaped clip; 11. Pile; 12. Socket; 13. Opening; 14. Connecting cavity; 15. Strip hole; 16. Tooth; 17. Moving block; 18. Threaded column; 19. Positioning plate; 20. Screw; 21. Overlap block; 22. Support column. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clear and complete, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "middle," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," "side," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "a," "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] For purposes of simplicity and illustration, the principles of the embodiments are described primarily by way of example. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments may not be limited to these specific details in practice. In some instances, well-known methods and structures have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring these embodiments. Furthermore, all embodiments can be used in combination with each other.

[0048] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a technical solution: a special-shaped waist beam template for foundation pit slope protection piles, comprising: a rubber pad 6, one end of which is provided with a customized aluminum alloy mold 1, the customized aluminum alloy mold 1 including a bottom mold and a side mold, the side mold and the bottom mold being integrally formed and forming a 90-degree angle, a plurality of top cover plates 2 being uniformly welded on the side wall of the side mold away from the bottom mold, a connecting plate 3 being provided at the upper end of the customized aluminum alloy mold 1, a plurality of snap-fit ​​plates 4 being uniformly fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting plate 3, the snap-fit ​​plates 4 being L-shaped, the snap-fit ​​plates 4 being slidably connected to the top cover plates 2, and the connecting plate 3 being fixed to the upper end of the side mold by bolts, the connecting plate 3 and the snap-fit ​​plates 4 serving to strengthen the connection strength between the top cover plates 2 and the customized aluminum alloy mold 1, and at the same time strengthening the connection between the customized aluminum alloy template 1 and the pile column 11.

[0049] The top cover plate 2 is made of aluminum alloy, with a width of 200mm and a length of 420mm. The upper part of the side mold is welded with hooks 8 and connected to the connecting rods 9, with a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. One end of the top cover plate 2 is fixed to the standardized mold by a slot, and the other end is supported on the support pile to prevent the mold from deforming during concrete pouring. Holes are drilled at the end of the cover plate, and the length of the cover plate can be adjusted by steel plates and pins to avoid the phenomenon that the cover plate size is not suitable due to the deviation of the support pile position.

[0050] One end of the rubber pad 6 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure plate 7. The pressure plate 7 is fixed to the bottom mold by bolts. The bottom end of the bottom mold is fixedly installed with a plug plate 5. The plug plate 5 is L-shaped. Each set of customized aluminum alloy molds 1 is firmly connected by a slot. A rubber pad is set in the slot to prevent grout leakage at the joint and affect the concrete forming quality. A soft rubber pad 6 is set at the end of the bottom mold to fit tightly against the support pile to prevent concrete grout leakage.

[0051] One side of the customized aluminum alloy mold 1 is provided with a pile column 11, and the top cover plate 2 is connected to one end of the pile column 11 by a connecting rod 9 and a U-shaped clip. Each top cover plate 2 is fixedly installed with a hook 8 at the top. One end of the U-shaped clip 10 is fixedly connected to the pile column 11. The upper and lower ends of the connecting rod 9 are respectively connected to the U-shaped clip 10 and the hook 8, thereby fixing the top cover plate 2 to one side of the pile column 11 and connecting the entire formwork system to prevent the formwork from sinking or falling during the concrete pouring process.

[0052] The rubber pad 6 is fixed to the side wall of the bottom mold away from the side mold by the pressure plate 7, and the other end of the rubber pad 6 is in close contact with the outer wall of the pile 11.

[0053] The lower end of the customized aluminum alloy mold 1 is fitted with a socket body 12. The socket body 12 is made of welded steel, with a 600mm long inclined surface, a 30° angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal section, a 520mm long horizontal section, and a 300mm long vertical section. The inclined surface has an opening 13 and a connecting cavity 14 to facilitate socket connection with the customized aluminum alloy mold 1. The socket body 12 is hollow, with an opening 13 at the upper end and a connecting cavity 14 fixedly installed at the lower end of the opening 13. One end of the insertion plate 5 is slidably inserted into the opening 13 and the connecting cavity 14.

[0054] A movable block 17 is detachably installed at the lower end of the socket 12. A lap block 21 is snapped onto the lower end of the movable block 17. The lower end of the lap block 21 is threadedly connected to the support column 22 via a screw 20. A strip hole 15 is provided on the bottom side wall of the socket 12. Teeth 16 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the inner port of the strip hole 15. A positioning plate 19 is provided on the inner side of the strip hole 15. Several racks are evenly installed on the lower end of the positioning plate 19. The movable block 17 is located at the outer end of the strip hole 15. A threaded column 18 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the movable block 17. The upper end of the threaded column 18 passes through the strip hole 15 and the positioning plate 19 in sequence and is threadedly connected to a nut. The lower end of the positioning plate 19 is snapped onto the inner end of the socket 12.

[0055] The upper end of the screw 20 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the lap block 21 via a bearing. To facilitate the rotation of the screw 20, a large nut can be welded to the outer wall of the upper end of the screw 20. The screw 20 can be rotated easily by using a large wrench and the large nut. The upper end of the lap block 21 is provided with an lap groove. When the lap block 21 and the moving block 17 are connected, the moving block 17 is located in the lap groove. The upper end of the support column 22 is provided with a threaded hole, and a support plate is fixedly installed at the lower end. The inner wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the screw 20.

[0056] After the movable block 17 is placed at the lower end of the socket 12 and moved to the appropriate position, the positioning plate 19 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded column 18 and a nut is threaded onto the threaded column 18, so that the rack and teeth 16 at the lower end of the positioning plate 19 mesh with each other to fix the movable block 17. Then the screw 20 is threaded onto the upper end of the support column 22, and the support column 22 is then erected and fixed. At this time, the overlapping block 21 is located at the lower end of the movable block 17. By rotating the screw 20, the overlapping block 21 is snapped onto the lower end of the movable block 17 to complete the support of the mold.

[0057] During the operation of this device, the construction preparation involves excavating the foundation pit to the bottom elevation of the wainscoting. The top elevation line of the beam is then determined according to the design requirements and marked. The protective layer of the pile body is removed to expose the main reinforcement bars. U-shaped clamps (10) are used to fix the main reinforcement bars to prevent damage from welding. For pile reinforcement installation, the wainscoting is connected to the cast-in-place piles via reinforcement. Two HRB400 Φ25 steel bars are vertically arranged, with a horizontal spacing of 1500mm. The insertion length is 40dd, equal to the diameter of the inserted steel bar, to prevent the wainscoting from sinking or falling. For steel bar processing and installation, nine HRB400 Φ25 steel bars are installed according to the design requirements. HRB400 Φ8@150 four-limb stirrups are used according to the irregular wainscoting cross-section. Because this construction method first uses U-shaped clamps (10) to connect to the main reinforcement bars of the support piles, and then uses a customized aluminum alloy mold (1) to set the connecting rod (9) to connect to the U-shaped clamps (10), and because the bottom support column (22) is stable, the outer ring tie reinforcement required by the design can be omitted to avoid steel bar damage. Welding damages the main reinforcement of the support piles; Formwork processing and installation, support frame installation: The base soil layer is leveled and compacted, and a pad is set at the bottom. The pad is made of wood with a length of not less than 2 spans, a thickness of not less than 50mm, and a width of not less than 200mm; φ48.3mm×3.6mm disc buckle uprights are set on the pad, and 48×2.5×600 / 1200 disc buckle horizontal bars are set horizontally with a horizontal spacing of 600mm and a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. The step distance is ≤1500mm, and the top support is adjusted to the calculated height; Socket body 12 installation: Socket body 12 is made of welded steel, with a slope length of 600mm, an angle of 30° between the slope and the horizontal section, a horizontal section length of 520mm, and a vertical section length of 300mm. The slope is provided with an opening 13 and a connecting cavity 14 to facilitate socket connection with the customized aluminum alloy mold 1; Customized aluminum alloy mold 1 installation: The standardized mold is made of aluminum alloy material in one piece. The customized aluminum alloy mold 1 is 2mm long.The mold is 4m long, with a side mold width of 350mm and a bottom mold width of 600mm. The side mold and bottom mold form a 90° angle. A plug-in plate 5 is installed on the bottom mold, and a soft rubber pad 6 with a width of 200mm is installed at the end of the bottom mold. After the reinforcement binding and support column 22 are completed, each customized aluminum alloy mold 1 is installed according to the position of the waist beam reinforcement. The mold is fixed to the connecting cavity 14 by plugging in the plug-in plate 5. Each set of customized aluminum alloy molds 1 is securely connected by a slot. A rubber pad is placed in the slot to prevent grout leakage at the joint, which would affect the concrete forming quality. The soft rubber pad 6 at the end of the bottom mold is tightly fitted to the support pile to prevent concrete leakage. The top cover plate 2 is installed: the top cover plate 2 is made of aluminum alloy, with a width of 200mm and a length of 420mm. The upper part of the side mold is welded... Hooks 8 and connecting rods 9 are connected, with a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. One end of the top cover plate 2 is fixed to the standardized mold via a slot, while the other end is supported on the support pile to prevent mold deformation during concrete pouring. Holes are drilled at the end of the cover plate, and the length can be adjusted using steel plates and pins to avoid misalignment of the cover plate due to deviations in the support pile position. Connecting rod 9 installation: After the template and top cover plate 2 are installed, one end of the telescopic connecting rod 9 is connected to hooks 8 on the customized aluminum alloy mold 1, and the other end is connected to U-shaped clips 10 pre-fixed to the main reinforcement of the support pile, thus securing the entire template system and preventing template sinking or falling during concrete pouring.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A formwork for an irregularly shaped waist beam of a foundation pit slope protection pile, comprising: The rubber pad (6) is characterized in that: a customized aluminum alloy mold (1) is provided at one end of the rubber pad (6), the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) includes a bottom mold and a side mold, the side mold and the bottom mold are integrally formed, and the side mold and the bottom mold are at a 90-degree angle, and a number of top cover plates (2) are uniformly welded on the side wall of the side mold away from the bottom mold, and a pile (11) is provided on one side of the customized aluminum alloy mold (1), and the top cover plate (2) is connected to one end of the pile (11) through a connecting rod (9) and a U-shaped clip; The rubber pad (6) is fixed to the side wall of the bottom mold away from the side mold by the pressure plate (7), and the other end of the rubber pad (6) is in close contact with the outer wall of the pile (11); The lower end of the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) is fitted with a socket (12), and the lower end of the socket (12) is detachably fitted with a moving block (17). The lower end of the moving block (17) is fitted with an overlapping block (21), and the lower end of the overlapping block (21) is threadedly connected to the support column (22) by a screw (20). The upper end of the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) is provided with a connecting plate (3), and several snap-fit ​​plates (4) are evenly fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting plate (3). The snap-fit ​​plates (4) are L-shaped, and the snap-fit ​​plates (4) and the top cover plate (2) are slidably connected. At the same time, the connecting plate (3) is fixed to the upper end of the side mold by bolts. Each of the top cover plates (2) is fixedly installed with a hook (8) at the top end, one end of the U-shaped clip (10) is fixedly connected to the pile (11), and the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod (9) are respectively connected to the U-shaped clip (10) and the hook (8); One end of the rubber pad (6) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure plate (7). The pressure plate (7) is fixed to the bottom mold by bolts. The bottom mold is fixedly installed with a plug plate (5), which is L-shaped. The socket (12) is hollow, and an opening (13) is provided at the upper end of the socket (12). A connecting cavity (14) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the opening (13). One end of the plug plate (5) is slidably inserted into the opening (13) and the connecting cavity (14). The bottom sidewall of the socket (12) is provided with a strip hole (15). Teeth (16) are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the inner port of the strip hole (15). A positioning plate (19) is provided on the inner side of the strip hole (15). Several racks are evenly installed on the lower end of the positioning plate (19). The moving block (17) is located at the outer end of the strip hole (15). A threaded column (18) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the moving block (17). The upper end of the threaded column (18) passes through the strip hole (15) and the positioning plate (19) in sequence and is threaded with a nut. The lower end of the positioning plate (19) is engaged with the inner end of the socket (12).

2. The irregular waist beam formwork for foundation pit slope protection piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the screw (20) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the lap block (21) through a bearing. The upper end of the lap block (21) is provided with an lap groove. When the lap block (21) and the moving block (17) are connected, the moving block (17) is located in the lap groove.

3. The irregular waist beam formwork for foundation pit slope protection piles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the support column (22) is provided with a threaded hole, and the lower end is fixedly installed with a support plate. The inner wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the lower outer wall of the screw (20).

4. The construction method of the irregular waist beam formwork for foundation pit slope protection piles according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Specifically, the steps include the following: S1. Construction preparation: After the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom elevation of the waist beam, the top elevation line of the beam is determined according to the design requirements, and a mark is made. The protective layer of the pile body is broken to expose the main reinforcement. U-shaped clips (10) are used to fix the main reinforcement to avoid welding damage to the main reinforcement. S2. Pile body reinforcement: The waist beam is connected to the cast-in-place pile through reinforcement. Two HRB400Φ25 steel bars are arranged vertically and horizontally with a spacing of 1500mm. The insertion length is 40d, where d is the diameter of the inserted steel bar, to prevent the waist beam from sinking or falling. S3. Rebar processing and installation: 9 HRB400Φ25 steel bars are set according to the design requirements. HRB400Φ8@150 four-limb stirrups are set according to the cross section of the irregular waist beam. Because this construction method first uses U-shaped clips (10) to connect with the main reinforcement of the support pile, and then sets the connecting rod (9) to connect with the U-shaped clip (10) through the customized aluminum alloy mold (1). And the bottom support column (22) is stable, so the outer ring tie steel bars required by the design can be omitted to avoid the steel bar welding from damaging the main reinforcement of the support pile. S4. Formwork processing and installation, support frame installation: The base soil layer is leveled and compacted, and a pad is set at the bottom. The pad is made of wood with a length of not less than 2 spans, a thickness of not less than 50mm, and a width of not less than 200mm. φ48.3mm×3.6mm disc buckle uprights are set on the pad, and 48×2.5×600 / 1200 disc buckle horizontal bars are set horizontally with a horizontal spacing of 600mm and a longitudinal spacing of 1200mm. The step distance is ≤1500mm. Adjust the top support to the calculated height. S5. Installation of socket (12): The socket (12) is made of steel welding. The length of the inclined surface is 600mm, the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal section is 30°, the length of the horizontal section is 520mm, and the length of the vertical section is 300mm. The inclined surface is provided with an opening (13) and a connecting cavity (14) to facilitate socket connection with the customized aluminum alloy mold (1). S6. Installation of custom aluminum alloy mold (1): The custom aluminum alloy mold (1) is made of aluminum alloy material in one piece. The length of the custom aluminum alloy mold (1) is 2.4m, the width of the side mold is 350mm, the width of the bottom mold is 600mm, the side mold and the bottom mold form a 90° angle, the bottom mold is equipped with a plug plate (5), and the bottom mold is equipped with a soft rubber pad (6) with a width of 200mm. After the steel reinforcement is tied and the support column (22) is set, each custom aluminum alloy mold (1) is installed according to the position of the waist beam steel reinforcement. The custom aluminum alloy mold (1) is fixed to the connecting cavity (14) by plug plate (5). Each set of custom aluminum alloy molds (1) is fastened firmly by the slot. The slot is equipped with a rubber pad to prevent the joint from leaking grout and affecting the concrete forming quality. The bottom mold is equipped with a rubber pad (6) that is tightly attached to the support pile to prevent concrete leakage. S7. Installation of top cover plate (2): The top cover plate (2) is made of aluminum alloy, with a width of 200mm and a length of 420mm. The upper part of the side mold is welded with hooks (8) and connected to the connecting rods (9). The longitudinal spacing is 1200mm. One end of the top cover plate (2) is fixed to the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) by a slot, and the other end is supported on the support pile to prevent the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) from deforming during the concrete pouring process. Holes are drilled at the end of the top cover plate (2). The length of the top cover plate (2) can be adjusted by steel plates and pins to avoid the phenomenon that the size of the top cover plate (2) is not suitable due to the deviation of the position of the support pile. S8. Installation of connecting rod (9): After the customized aluminum alloy mold (1) and top cover plate (2) are installed, one end of the connecting rod (9) is connected to the hook (8) on the customized aluminum alloy mold (1), and the other end is connected to the U-shaped clip (10) that is fixed on the main reinforcement of the support pile in advance to tie the entire template system and prevent the template from sinking or falling during the concrete pouring process.

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