Nanometer energy-absorbing vehicle driving buffer device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of nano energy-absorbing vehicle running buffer devices, belong to traffic safety protection technical field, including collision end head, the collision end head includes the elastic arc surface that is projected to the direction of impact, the side of the collision end head is slidably connected to the first guide rail by first guide block;The other side of the collision end head is fixedly connected to second guide block;At least two guide components, the guide component includes guide rail, support connected to the bottom of guide rail, the second guide block fixedly connected to the side of guide rail towards impact and towards wall direction;The guide rail of adjacent two guide components is opposite guide and sliding;First guide rail, first guide rail is fixedly connected with wall, and first guide rail is slidably connected with the first guide block matched with the second guide block;Primary buffer energy-absorbing component and secondary buffer energy-absorbing component.The application has hierarchical energy dissipation structure setting, improves the buffer energy-absorbing effect of nano energy-absorbing safety buffer device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of traffic safety protection technology, and in particular relates to a nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device. Background Technology

[0002] Transportation safety is a crucial aspect of coal mine production, especially in inclined shaft rail transport. When a transport vehicle stalls while traveling on an inclined shaft, it can damage surrounding facilities and even cause fatal injuries to the occupants.

[0003] There are various structural forms of crash pads, and their main differences lie in the energy dissipation method. At present, the energy dissipation methods of crash pads are mainly divided into two categories: (1) Energy-absorbing components generate plastic deformation to dissipate energy. In this type of scheme, the crash pad is severely damaged after being hit by a vehicle, and the main body of the buffer is mostly made of steel plate cross grid structure. Therefore, the whole body is crushed after the collision and needs to be replaced as a whole; (2) Elastic elements are used as the buffer as a whole to store the vehicle impact energy as elastic potential energy, but there is a problem of elastic release causing secondary collision.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent publication number "CN110409349A" proposes a buffer energy-absorbing guideable anti-collision pad. The bottom of the anti-collision pad is a slide rail assembly, and multiple rectangular support frames are set above the slide rail assembly. The support frames are upright and arranged in parallel longitudinally, and their bottoms cooperate with the slide rail assembly to achieve longitudinal sliding. Elastic-plastic energy-dissipating elements are set between adjacent support frames, and the front and rear ends of the elastic-plastic energy-dissipating elements are connected to the support frames. A nanofluid energy-dissipating nose is set in front of the foremost support frame, and the front end of the nanofluid energy-dissipating nose is arc-shaped. In this patented technical solution, the nano-energy-absorbing buffer device is composed of non-wetting liquid and nanoporous material. Its stress / strain change during compression is large, that is, it applies a large resistance over a short distance, which can easily damage the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device. This device has a graded buffer energy-absorbing and energy-consuming structure, which greatly reduces the impact force on the vehicle and prevents rebound or damage to the vehicle caused by large impact forces. It solves the problem that current buffer devices apply large resistance over a short distance during compression and store the vehicle impact energy as elastic potential energy, which is easily released elastically and causes secondary collisions, resulting in damage to the vehicle.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A nano-energy-absorbing vehicle cushioning device, comprising:

[0008] The impact-facing end includes a protruding elastic arc-shaped surface facing the impact direction. One side of the impact-facing end is slidably connected to a first guide rail via a first guide block; the other side of the impact-facing end is fixedly connected to a second guide block.

[0009] At least two guide components, each guide component including a guide rail, a support member connected to the bottom of the guide rail, and a second guide block fixedly connected to the guide rail facing the impact side and towards the wall; the guide rails of adjacent guide components can guide and slide relative to each other;

[0010] The first guide rail is fixedly connected to the wall, and a first guide block adapted to the second guide block is slidably connected on the first guide rail;

[0011] A primary buffer energy absorption assembly is disposed between two guide components, and the primary buffer energy absorption assembly is connected to the second guide blocks of the two adjacent guide components and the first guide block corresponding to the second guide block;

[0012] A secondary buffer energy absorption assembly is provided on each guide component, and one end of the secondary buffer energy absorption assembly is fixedly connected to the second guide block, and the other end is fixedly connected to a first guide block adapted to the second guide block;

[0013] The fixed base is fixedly connected to the last secondary buffer energy absorption component and the ground along the impact direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the primary buffer energy absorption assembly includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate that are rotatably connected; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are hinged in the middle to form an X shape, and the rotation axes of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are vertically arranged. The first buffer energy absorption component is fixedly arranged on the side of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate facing the wall and the guide component, respectively; in the non-working state, the two first buffer energy absorption components on the same side are in contact.

[0015] Furthermore, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are symmetrically bent inward at the / - / end near the wall and the guide component to form a bent part; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are provided with side cutting structures on both sides. When the impact end is compressed by the impact, the two side cutting structures interact with each other, thereby cutting out the first buffer energy-absorbing component.

[0016] Furthermore, the first buffer energy-absorbing component is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated in polyurethane elastomer. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are symmetrically bent inward at the ends near the wall and the guide component, and the bending angle α satisfies the following relationship:

[0017]

[0018] Where λ is the correction coefficient, v0 is the volume of the first buffer energy-absorbing component, and v1 is the volume occupied by the nano-energy-absorbing ball.

[0019] Furthermore, the secondary buffer energy absorption assembly includes a cylinder and a piston. The piston includes a piston head and a rod. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the first guide block, and the other end of the rod is fixedly connected to the second guide block of the guide component. The cylinder and the piston head form a vacuum cavity, and an elastic protrusion is provided at a preset distance on the inner surface of the cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, when the piston head passes the elastic protrusion, the two edge-cutting structures interact to cut out the first buffer energy-absorbing component.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a three-stage buffer energy absorption assembly, which includes second buffer energy absorption components respectively fixedly disposed on the first guide block and the second guide block facing the impact side, and the inward-facing ends of the two second buffer energy absorption components are chamfered to form triangular openings along the opposite impact direction; the triangular openings are used to receive the third buffer energy absorption component in the impact end.

[0022] Furthermore, the impact-facing end includes a connecting portion connected to an elastic arc-shaped surface. The connecting portion consists of multiple thin plates that diverge in the opposite direction of impact. One end of each thin plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the elastic arc-shaped surface, and the other end of each thin plate is fixedly connected to a third buffer energy-absorbing component. The multiple thin plates are symmetrically distributed on the connecting surface of the third buffer energy-absorbing component. A triangular guide portion is provided on the side of the third buffer energy-absorbing component facing the triangular opening.

[0023] Furthermore, when the third buffer energy-absorbing component cooperates with the two second buffer energy-absorbing components, the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall, the length of the elastic arc surface, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall after the primary buffer energy-absorbing component is compressed by collision are all the same.

[0024] Furthermore, the second and third buffer energy-absorbing components have the same structure. The second buffer energy-absorbing component includes an outer shell and a buffer energy-absorbing material fixedly disposed in the outer shell. The buffer energy-absorbing material is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated in polyurethane elastomer. The outer shell is a hollow cylinder made of metal material, with the opening facing upwards and downwards.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] In this invention, when a vehicle collides with the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device, the vehicle's front end first impacts the oncoming head, which initially absorbs energy. Secondly, the oncoming head generates two directional forces: one perpendicular to the wall and the other along the impact direction. The force along the impact direction forces the primary energy-absorbing component to compress and absorb energy, while the force perpendicular to the wall forces the secondary energy-absorbing component to extend, generating a restoring force. This results in a buffering effect. Based on these tiered and synergistic buffering effects, the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device provided by this invention possesses excellent buffering performance.

[0027] Furthermore, by setting up a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and nano-energy-absorbing balls, and adopting a design of an impact-facing end, a crash protection frame, and nano-energy-absorbing modules, the present invention allows the impact-facing end to undergo plastic deformation from bending to straightening to absorb kinetic energy after being impacted. The nano-energy-absorbing modules are subjected to compression deformation to absorb kinetic energy, thus forming a multi-stage energy-dissipating structure. This allows the impact kinetic energy to be gradually absorbed and exhausted, effectively avoiding the vehicle from rebounding due to the large resistance applied within a short distance during compression, and reducing the degree of damage to the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the impact-facing end and the first guide block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the primary buffer energy absorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a top view of the primary buffer energy absorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the cutting edge structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the secondary buffer energy absorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second and third buffer energy-absorbing components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the compressed second buffer energy-absorbing component and the third buffer energy-absorbing component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second buffer energy-absorbing component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1-Impact end; 10-Third buffer energy-absorbing component; 11-Connecting part; 12-Triangular guide part; 2-First guide block; 4-First guide rail; 30-Second guide block; 31-Guide rail; 32-Support component; 5-First-level buffer energy-absorbing assembly; 51-First connecting plate; 52-Second connecting plate; 53-First buffer energy-absorbing component; 54-Bending part; 55-Side cut structure; 6-Wall; 7-Second-level buffer energy-absorbing assembly; 70-Cylinder; 701-Elastic protrusion; 720-Piston head; 721-Rod part; 722-Vacuum cavity; 8-Fixed seat; 80-Second buffer energy-absorbing component; 800-Outer shell; 801-Buffer energy-absorbing material; 81-Triangular opening. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0042] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] To address the limitations of existing technologies, this embodiment provides a technical solution. The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] It should be noted that the nano-energy-absorbing balls in this invention utilize TPU-encapsulated nano-energy-absorbing materials. These materials are prepared by mixing a non-wetting liquid with a nanoporous material. The non-wetting liquid includes one or more of the following: deionized water, lubricating oil, ethylene glycol, and glycerol, or a mixture of these alcohols and water solvents. The nanoporous material is one or more of the following: nanoporous molecular sieves ZSM-5, ZSM-22, zeolite, silica, alumina, silica, activated carbon, titanium dioxide, and carbon nanotubes. Its energy absorption density can reach over 30 J / g, and it is a uniform, flowable liquid under normal conditions. When subjected to external impact, the kinetic energy forces the non-wetting liquid into the pores of the nanoporous material, converting the mechanical work of the external force into solid-liquid interfacial energy and frictional heat. After the external force is removed, the non-wetting liquid flows out of the nanoporous material's pores. The nano-energy-absorbing material can be reused multiple times.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device, comprising: an impact-facing end 1, a first guide rail 4, a primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5, a secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7, a fixed base 8, and at least two guide components. The impact-facing end 1 includes a protruding elastic arc-shaped surface facing the impact direction. One side of the impact-facing end 1 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 4 via a first guide block 2; the other side of the impact-facing end 1 is fixedly connected to a second guide block 30. The guide components include a guide rail 31, a support member 32, and a second guide block 30. The support member 32 is disposed at the bottom of the guide rail 31, and the guide rail 31 is disposed on the support member 32. The second guide block 30 is fixed to the guide rail 31, and the second guide block 30 faces the impact side and towards the wall 6. The guide rails 31 of two adjacent guide components can guide and slide relative to each other; the first guide rail 4 is fixedly connected to the wall 6, and a first guide block 2 adapted to the second guide block 30 is slidably connected on the first guide rail 4; the first-level buffer energy absorption component 5 is disposed between the two guide components, and the first-level buffer energy absorption component 5 is connected to the second guide block 30 of the two adjacent guide components and the first guide block 2 corresponding to the second guide block 30; the second-level buffer energy absorption component 7 is disposed on each guide component, and one end of the second buffer energy absorption component 7 is fixedly connected to the second guide block 30, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first guide block 2 adapted to the second guide block 30; the fixed seat 8 is fixedly connected to the last second-level buffer energy absorption component 7 and the ground 6 along the impact direction.

[0049] With the above configuration, when a vehicle collides with the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device, the vehicle's front end first impacts the frontal impact head 1, which initially absorbs energy. Secondly, the frontal impact head 1 generates two directional forces: the first force is perpendicular to the wall 6, and the other is along the impact direction. The force along the impact direction forces the primary energy-absorbing buffer component 5 to compress and absorb energy, while the force perpendicular to the wall 6 forces the secondary energy-absorbing buffer component 7 to extend. The secondary energy-absorbing buffer component 7 generates a restoring force, thus producing a buffering energy-absorbing effect. Based on the above-mentioned graded and synergistic buffering effects, the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device provided by this invention has excellent buffering performance.

[0050] The support member 32 can be a roller structure to facilitate the relative movement between the subsequent guide components.

[0051] See Figure 2 The direction of the impact is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the impact end 1 is an elastic arc-shaped surface that protrudes outward in the direction of impact. It can be understood that the elastic arc-shaped surface is made of a tough metal plate by attaching a layer of polymer elastomer to the outer surface. The tough metal plate can be stainless steel or carbon steel, and the polymer elastomer can be polyurethane or polyurea elastomer.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, one side of the impact-facing end 1 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 4 via the first guide block 2; the other end of the impact-facing end 1 is fixedly connected to the second guide block 30. Preferably, the impact-facing end 1 is fixed to the first guide block 2 by a hinge, or it can be directly fixedly connected to the first guide block 2. However, in order to achieve the technical effect of graded buffering of the present invention, the present invention preferably uses a hinge to fix the impact-facing end 1 to the first guide block 2.

[0053] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen, the guiding components provided in this embodiment of the invention include four components. The guide rail 31 provides support on the other side of the guiding components. Specifically, the guide rail 31 is a corrugated plate with guiding function. The corrugated plates slide together to guide the entire outer side of the wall. Along the impact direction, the inner surface of the guide rail 31 slides and contacts the outer surface of the guide rail 31 of the next guiding component. The guide rails 31 in the arranged guiding components allow the two sides to retract relatively when the vehicle impacts the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device, achieving an overall buffering effect. It can be understood that the guide rail 31 can also be other shapes, such as a plate, with guide rails provided on its inner side, as long as it can achieve sliding connection between different guiding components to guide the guiding components.

[0054] The first guide rail 4 is a standard guide rail. Its function is to guide the first guide block 2 after the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device is impacted by a vehicle, thereby enabling the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device to compress and absorb energy. The first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30 are matched, with the same number of each, forming a pair, and the same pair is located on the same plane perpendicular to the impact direction.

[0055] The fixed base 8 is fixedly connected to the last secondary buffer energy absorption component 7 along the impact direction and the ground, thereby positioning and fixing the entire nano energy absorption safety buffer device to prevent it from being knocked away or thrown away during the impact.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the primary buffer energy absorption assembly 5 includes a first connecting plate 51 and a second connecting plate 52 that are rotatably connected. The first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 are hinged at the middle to form an "X" shape. The rotation axis A of the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 is vertical and combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2First buffer energy-absorbing components 53 are fixedly provided on the side of the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 facing the wall 6 and the guide component 31, respectively. In the non-working state, the two first buffer energy-absorbing components 53 on the same side are in contact with each other. That is, when the nano energy-absorbing safety buffer device is not subjected to external impact, the two first buffer energy-absorbing components 53 on the same side are in contact with each other so that when the nano energy-absorbing safety buffer device is subjected to vehicle impact, the first buffer energy-absorbing components 53 can generate deformation and resistance, preventing the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 from being compressed along the impact direction.

[0057] To improve the graded buffering and energy absorption effect of nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer devices, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 are symmetrically bent inward at 2 / 3-3 / 4 of their lengths near the wall 6 and the guide component, forming a bent portion 54. Specifically, the range of L2 / (L1+L2) is 2 / 3-3 / 4, where L1 is the unbent length and L2 is the bent length. Edge-cutting structures 55 are provided on both sides of the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52. When the nano-energy-absorbing buffer device is subjected to impact compression, the two edge-cutting structures 55 interact, thereby cutting out the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the edge-cutting structure 55 has a cut surface, wherein the cutting methods on both sides are different, so that when the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 abut against each other, the movement trend of the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 will not be blocked and thus locked. Figure 6 As shown, when one of the edge-cutting structures 55 approaches and abuts against the corresponding edge-cutting structure 55, the left edge-cutting structure tends to move downward under the action of the right edge-cutting structure, while the right edge-cutting structure tends to move upward under the action of the left edge-cutting structure. Since the edge-cutting structure is located on the upper side of the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53, the edge-cutting structure exerts a downward thrust on the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53. After the first buffer energy-absorbing component moves downward a certain distance under the thrust of the edge-cutting structure 55, part of the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53 detaches from the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52. The detached part of the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53 expands, making it easier for the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53 to detach, until the first buffer energy-absorbing component is completely cut out.

[0058] The first energy-absorbing buffer component 53 is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated in polyurethane elastomer. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are symmetrically bent inward at the end near the wall and the guide component, and the bending angle α satisfies the following relationship:

[0059]

[0060] Wherein, λ is a correction coefficient, v0 is the volume of the first buffer energy-absorbing component, and v1 is the volume occupied by the nano-energy-absorbing sphere. In this embodiment of the invention, the value of λ ranges from 0.16 to 0.2. The above settings enable the bending angle and the buffering performance of the first buffer energy-absorbing component to work synergistically to achieve a graded buffer energy absorption effect.

[0061] It should be understood that the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 have high strength, and the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 will not undergo plastic deformation until the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53 is completely cut out by the edge-cutting structure 55.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, the secondary buffer energy absorption component 7 includes a cylinder 70 and a piston. The piston includes a piston head 720 and a rod 721. The cylinder 70 is fixedly connected to the first guide block 2, and the other end of the rod 721 is fixedly connected to the second guide block 30 of the guide component. The cylinder 70 and the piston head 720 form a vacuum chamber 722. An elastic protrusion 701 is provided at a predetermined distance on the inner surface of the cylinder 70. Therefore, when the impact end 1 is impacted, the component force perpendicular to the wall 6 forces the secondary buffer energy absorption component 7 to extend. Due to the presence of the vacuum chamber 722, the secondary buffer energy absorption component generates a restoring force, thereby producing a buffer energy absorption effect. Before the piston head 720 reaches the elastic protrusion 701, the secondary buffer energy absorption assembly 7 can automatically return to its state before the impact. When the piston head passes the elastic protrusion 701, the elastic protrusion 701 and the piston head 720 act on the inner wall of the cylinder 70, destroying the airtightness of the cylinder, and the piston head 720 damages the elastic protrusion 701, converting the energy of the vehicle impact into the destruction of the elastic protrusion 701 by the piston head 720 or the change of the shape of the inner wall of the cylinder 70.

[0063] The first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52 are provided with edge-cutting structures on both sides. When the piston head 720 passes through the elastic protrusion 701, the two edge-cutting structures interact with each other, thereby cutting out the first buffer energy-absorbing component. When the piston head 720 does not pass through the elastic protrusion 701, the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 and the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7 can recover on their own for reuse. When the piston head 720 passes through the elastic protrusion 701, the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component absorbs energy through its own destruction. After absorbing energy, the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7 no longer restricts the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 in the direction perpendicular to the wall. Therefore, the edge-cutting structure of the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 cuts out the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53. At this time, the bent part is compressed and flattened along the impact direction, and buffer energy absorption is achieved through the deformation of the bent parts of the first connecting plate 51 and the second connecting plate 52.

[0064] The nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a three-stage buffer energy-absorbing component, such as... Figure 8As shown, the three-stage buffer energy absorption assembly includes second buffer energy absorption components 80 fixedly mounted on the first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30 facing the impact side. The inward-facing ends of the two second buffer energy absorption components 80 are chamfered to form triangular openings 81 along the opposite impact direction. These triangular openings 81 are used to receive the third buffer energy absorption component 10 within the impact head 1. The first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30, which are closest to the impact head 1, each have an independent second buffer energy absorption component 80. When the nano-energy absorption safety buffer device is not impacted, the two second buffer energy absorption components are in contact with each other. When the nano-energy absorption safety buffer device is impacted, under the action of the impact head 1, the first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30 move away from each other, causing the two second buffer energy absorption components 80 to move away from each other.

[0065] The third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 includes a connecting portion 11 connected to the arc-shaped surface. The connecting portion 11 consists of multiple thin plates that diverge in the opposite direction of impact. One end of each thin plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the elastic arc-shaped surface, and the other end of each thin plate is fixedly connected to the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10. The thin plates are symmetrically distributed on the connecting surface of the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10. A triangular guide portion 12 is provided on the side of the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 facing the triangular opening 81. The connecting portion 11 is a thin steel plate, which can provide a certain supporting strength for the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10. On the other hand, when the elastic arc-shaped surface of the impact end 1 is impacted, the connecting portion 11 can deform but will not damage the structure of the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10. Specifically, the connecting portion 11 can be welded to the steel plate inside the impact end by welding. A corresponding polymer elastic material, such as polyurethane or polyurea, is attached to the connecting portion and the outer side of the elastic arc-shaped surface of the impact end by injection molding. The guide part is designed to ensure that the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 can be inserted into the triangular opening 81 during the impact process. As the impact process proceeds, the first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30 gradually move away from each other, and the two second buffer energy-absorbing components 80 fixedly connected to them also gradually move away from each other. The third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 gradually inserts into the gap between the two. The triangular guide part 12 is made of brittle material. Under the impact of external force, it will break and fall to the ground when it collides with the first connecting plate 51 or the second connecting plate 52.

[0066] To achieve better buffering and energy absorption effects, such as Figure 9As shown, when the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 is engaged with the two second buffer energy-absorbing components 80, that is, when the thickness of the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 coincides with the thickness of the second buffer energy-absorbing component 80, the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall, the length of the elastic arc surface, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall after the primary buffer energy-absorbing component is compressed by collision are all the same, thereby forming a structure similar to a three-layer compression structure, which improves the buffering effect of the nano energy-absorbing safety buffer device.

[0067] like Figure 10 As shown, the second buffer energy-absorbing component 80 and the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 have the same structure. Taking the second buffer energy-absorbing component 80 as an example, the second buffer energy-absorbing component 80 includes an outer shell 800 and a buffer energy-absorbing material 801 fixedly disposed in the outer shell. The buffer energy-absorbing material 801 is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated with polyurethane elastomer. The outer shell is a hollow column made of metal material, and the opening faces upward and downward.

[0068] This invention defines a multi-stage buffer structure through the above-described structure. When the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device is impacted, the impact-facing end 1 applies a force perpendicular to the wall and parallel to the impact direction. The force perpendicular to the wall causes the first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30 to move away from each other. This drives the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7 to extend. Because the vacuum cavity 722 inside the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7 generates a restoring force, and because the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 is fixedly connected to the first guide block 2 and the second guide block 30, the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 simultaneously activates, producing a buffering and energy-absorbing effect. If this can stop the vehicle... If the impact intensity is high, the nano-energy-absorbing buffer device can be reused. If the impact intensity is high, the next step is to move to the next step. The piston head 720 in the secondary buffer energy-absorbing component 7 passes over the elastic protrusion 701 and damages the cylinder. Then, the edge-cutting structure 55 in the primary buffer energy-absorbing component 5 cuts out the first buffer energy-absorbing component 53. The buffer energy-absorbing component 53 falls from below the nano-energy-absorbing safety buffer device. At this time, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are gradually flattened. As the impact process progresses, the third buffer energy-absorbing component 10 gradually adapts to the second buffer energy-absorbing component 80, and the impact end 1 is flattened, thus forming a three-layer compression structure. Figure 9 As shown, this allows for better buffering of the released vehicle.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device, characterized in that, include: The impact end (1) includes a protruding elastic arc-shaped surface facing the impact direction. One side of the impact end (1) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (4) via the first guide block (2); the other side of the impact end (1) is fixedly connected to the second guide block (30). At least two guide components, each guide component including a guide rail (31), a support member connected to the bottom of the guide rail (31), and a second guide block (30) fixedly connected to the guide rail (31) facing the impact side and towards the wall (6); the guide rails (31) of two adjacent guide components can guide and slide relative to each other; The first guide rail (4) is fixedly connected to the wall (6), and a first guide block (2) adapted to the second guide block (30) is slidably connected on the first guide rail (4). A primary buffer energy absorption component (5) is disposed between two guide components, and the primary buffer energy absorption component (5) is connected to the second guide block (30) of the two adjacent guide components and the first guide block (2) corresponding to the second guide block (30); A secondary buffer energy absorption component (7) is provided on each guide component, and one end of the secondary buffer energy absorption component (7) is fixedly connected to the second guide block (30), and the other end is fixedly connected to the first guide block (2) that is adapted to the second guide block (30); The fixed base (8) is fixedly connected to the last secondary buffer energy absorption component (7) and the ground along the impact direction; The secondary buffer energy absorption assembly (7) includes a cylinder (70) and a piston. The piston includes a piston head (720) and a rod (721). The cylinder (70) is fixedly connected to the first guide block (2), and the other end of the rod (721) is fixedly connected to the second guide block (30) of the guide component. The cylinder (70) and the piston head (720) form a vacuum cavity (722), and an elastic protrusion (701) is provided at a preset distance on the inner surface of the cylinder (70). The primary buffer energy absorption assembly (5) includes a first connecting plate (51) and a second connecting plate (52) that are rotatably connected; the first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) are hinged in the middle to form an X shape, and the rotation axis of the first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) is vertically arranged. The first buffer energy absorption component (53) is fixedly arranged on the side of the first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) facing the wall (6) and the guide component respectively; in the non-working state, the two first buffer energy absorption components (53) on the same side are in contact; The first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) are symmetrically bent inward at 2 / 3-3 / 4 of the distance from the wall (6) and the guide component to form a bent part (54); the first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) are provided with side-cutting structures (55) on both sides. When the impact end (1) is compressed by the impact, the two side-cutting structures (55) interact with each other, thereby cutting off the first buffer energy-absorbing component (53); When the piston head (720) passes the elastic protrusion (701), the two side cutting structures interact with each other, thereby cutting off the first buffer energy absorption component (53). At this time, the bent part is compressed and flattened along the impact direction, and buffer energy absorption is achieved by the deformation of the bent parts of the first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52).

2. The nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer energy-absorbing component (53) is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated in polyurethane elastomer. The first connecting plate (51) and the second connecting plate (52) are symmetrically bent inward at the end near the wall (6) and the guide component, with a bending angle of... The following relationship must be satisfied: in, For correction factor, The volume of the first buffer energy-absorbing component. This refers to the volume occupied by the nano-energy-absorbing spheres.

3. The nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a three-stage buffer energy absorption assembly, which includes a second buffer energy absorption component (80) fixedly disposed on the first guide block (2) and the second guide block (30) facing the impact side, respectively. The two second buffer energy absorption components (80) are chamfered at the inward end to form a triangular opening (81) along the opposite impact direction; the triangular opening (81) is used to receive the third buffer energy absorption component in the impact end (1).

4. The nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impact end (1) includes a connecting part (11) connected to an elastic arc surface. The connecting part (11) consists of multiple thin plates that diverge in the opposite direction of impact. One end of the multiple thin plates is fixedly connected to the inner side of the elastic arc surface, and the other end of the multiple thin plates is fixedly connected to a third buffer energy-absorbing component. The multiple thin plates are symmetrically distributed on the connecting surface of the third buffer energy-absorbing component. A triangular guide part is provided on the side of the third buffer energy-absorbing component facing the triangular opening (81).

5. The nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the third buffer energy-absorbing component is used in conjunction with the two second buffer energy-absorbing components, the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall (6), the length of the elastic arc surface, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the wall (6) after the primary buffer energy-absorbing component (5) is compressed by collision are all the same.

6. The nano-energy-absorbing vehicle buffer device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second and third buffer energy-absorbing components have the same structure. The second buffer energy-absorbing component includes an outer shell and a buffer energy-absorbing material fixedly disposed in the outer shell. The buffer energy-absorbing material is a nano-energy-absorbing ball encapsulated in polyurethane elastomer. The outer shell is a hollow cylinder made of metal material, with the opening facing upward and downward.

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