A type of heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulated glass

Abstract

A heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulated glass comprises a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer facing inwards and an electrochromic glass layer facing outwards. The photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer and the electrochromic glass layer are arranged side by side and sealed with a sealing strip, with an air gap between them. The photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer includes electrodes, a nano-laminated layer, an ultra-clear glass layer, and an electrically heated glass layer. The nano-laminated layer is disposed between the ultra-clear glass layer and the electrically heated glass layer, and electrodes that can conduct current into the electrically heated glass are disposed on both sides of the electrically heated glass layer. This invention can separately regulate the building's lighting and heat gain, better adapt to changes in the outdoor environment, and meet users' needs for a suitable light and heat environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to building energy-saving technology, specifically to a composite insulated glass with independent control over heat insulation and sun shading. Background Technology

[0002] The solar spectrum's energy is primarily concentrated in the 300-2500nm range, with visible light (380-780nm) accounting for only 43% of the total energy. While infrared radiation, with its longer wavelengths, comprises 52% of the total energy, it lacks illumination capabilities. In summer, transmitted infrared radiation significantly increases indoor heat gain, leading to additional air conditioning energy consumption. In winter, the low thermal resistance of glass causes heat loss, creating low-temperature zones near windows, which is detrimental to indoor thermal comfort. Furthermore, large glass curtain walls pose a risk of glare year-round. To adapt to the ever-changing outdoor environment and to reduce building energy consumption while creating a comfortable indoor light and heat environment, it is necessary to develop glass with both light transmission and heat gain control capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a thermally insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulated glass. The thermally decoupled temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer, the electrochromic glass layer, the sealing strip, and the enclosed air gap constitute the thermally insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulated glass. By changing the external electric field of the electrochromic glass layer and the operating state of the temperature-controlled electrothermal glass, it adapts to the building's light and heat requirements at different times of the year, creating a more comfortable and efficient indoor environment.

[0004] A heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulated glass comprises a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer facing inwards and an electrochromic glass layer facing outwards; the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer and the electrochromic glass layer are arranged side by side and sealed with a sealing strip, and an air gap exists between the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer and the electrochromic glass layer; the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer comprises electrodes, a nano-adhesive layer, an ultra-clear glass layer, and an electrically heated glass layer; a nano-adhesive layer is disposed between the ultra-clear glass layer and the electrically heated glass layer, and electrodes that can conduct current into the electrically heated glass are disposed on both sides of the electrically heated glass layer.

[0005] Furthermore, the electrochromic glass layer comprises an ultra-white glass layer, a transparent electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer. The ultra-white glass layer, transparent electrode layer, and electrochromic layer are laid out from the outside to the inside on the outdoor-facing side of the electrolyte layer; the ultra-white glass layer, transparent electrode layer, and ion storage layer are laid out from the outside to the inside on the indoor-facing side of the electrolyte layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the nano-adhesive layer is an adhesive layer prepared by mixing tungsten cesium bronze nanoparticles and polyvinyl butyral powder into an organic solvent.

[0007] Furthermore, the transparent electrode layer is a transparent conductive oxide.

[0008] Furthermore, the electrochromic layer is tungsten trioxide.

[0009] Furthermore, the ion storage layer is formed by pressing a mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium dioxide.

[0010] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0011] Compared to traditional glass, it has advantages including but not limited to:

[0012] 1. This invention can separately regulate building lighting and heat gain, better adapt to changes in the outdoor environment, and meet users' needs for light and heat environment.

[0013] 2. The nano-insulated layer in this invention can filter the solar spectrum and reduce indoor heat gain in summer; in addition, the air gap reduces the heat flow between indoors and outdoors, as well as the heat loss from electric heating; the above demonstrates the advantages of this invention in energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the independently adjustable thermal insulation and sun shading composite insulating glass of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrochromic glass layer.

[0017] Figure 3 The spectral transmittance of the nanomaterials used in this invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mode of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the composite insulating glass of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0021] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The description states that a thermal insulation and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulating glass includes a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A facing inwards and an electrochromic glass layer B facing outwards; the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A and the electrochromic glass layer B are arranged side by side and sealed by a sealing strip C, and there is an air gap 5 between the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A and the electrochromic glass layer B;

[0022] The photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer comprises an electrode 1, a nano-laminated layer 2, an ultra-clear glass layer 3, and an electrothermal glass layer 4. The nano-laminated layer 2 is disposed between the ultra-clear glass layer 3 and the electrothermal glass layer 4. Electrodes 1, which conduct AC power from a power source into the electrothermal glass layer 4, are disposed on both sides of the electrothermal glass layer 4. It possesses photothermal decoupling and electrothermal heating functions, filtering the solar spectrum into a highly efficient cold light source, and providing heating to the room during the heating season to create a comfortable indoor thermal environment.

[0023] Air gap 5 and sealing strip C can isolate indoor and outdoor heat flow. The photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A, the electrochromic glass layer B facing outwards, the sealing strip, and the enclosed air gap 5 constitute an independently adjustable composite insulated and sun-shading double-glazed unit. By changing the applied electric field of the electrochromic glass and the operating state of the temperature-controlled electrothermal glass, it adapts to the building's photothermal needs in different seasons / times, creating a more comfortable and efficient indoor environment.

[0024] The high thermal resistance of the air in the air gap 5 provides excellent insulation, blocking heat flow between indoors and outdoors and reducing heat loss from electric heating. The photothermal decoupling / temperature-controlled electric heating window and the sealing strip form a sealed space filled with air. Utilizing the high thermal resistance of air, heat flow between indoors and outdoors can be isolated, thereby reducing the air conditioning load and minimizing heat loss from electric heating.

[0025] This implementation integrates three functions—temperature-controlled electric heating (insulation), electrochromic (shading), and photothermal decoupling—into a single double-glazed unit. This allows it to adapt more efficiently to changes in the outdoor environment, creating a more comfortable indoor photothermal environment. Furthermore, the photothermal decoupling function limits indoor heat gain during the cooling season, effectively reducing building load. This is of great significance for environmental protection and energy conservation, achieving an efficient match between the solar spectrum and the building's photothermal demands, resulting in good economic benefits and broad application prospects.

[0026] Example 1: The electrochromic glass layer B comprises an ultra-white glass layer 3, a transparent electrode layer 6, an electrochromic layer 7, an electrolyte layer 8, and an ion storage layer 9.

[0027] The side of the electrolyte layer 8 facing the outside is covered with an ultra-white glass layer 3, a transparent electrode layer 6 and an electrochromic layer 7 from the outside to the inside; the side of the electrolyte layer 8 facing the inside is covered with an ultra-white glass layer 3, a transparent electrode layer 6 and an ion storage layer 9 from the outside to the inside.

[0028] The benefits of this setup are that its light transmittance can be adjusted. When there is sufficient light, the transmittance can be reduced to avoid glare, and when there is insufficient light, the transmittance can be increased to ensure indoor lighting.

[0029] Example 2, as follows Figure 1 As shown, the nano-laminated layer 2 is prepared by mixing tungsten-cesium bronze nanoparticles and polyvinyl butyral powder into an organic solvent, with a volume concentration of 10-20 ppm for the tungsten-cesium bronze nanoparticles. The nano-laminated layer 2 exhibits high visible light transmittance and high infrared absorption, making it suitable as a photothermal decoupling material. Laminated glass made using the nano-laminated layer 2, electrically heated glass 4, and ultra-clear glass layer 3 constitutes a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrically heated glass window.

[0030] like Figure 3 The figure shows the spectral transmittance of different materials: Figure 3 In this context, 'a' indicates low-e glass; Figure 3 In this context, 'b' represents CWO nanoparticles; Figure 3 The 'c' in the text represents ATO nanoparticles. Tungsten-cesium bronze (CWO) has better photothermal decoupling effects than common low-e glass and antimony tin oxide (ATO), a commonly used photothermal decoupling material. It can filter out infrared (IR) rays in the solar spectrum, retaining only the visible light (VIS) portion, thereby improving indoor lighting efficiency.

[0031] Electrode 1, made of graphite, is responsible for introducing alternating current from the grid into the electrically heated glass 4. It is mounted on the electrically heated glass 4 to simplify installation. The electrically heated glass 4 is glass in which resistance wire (typically nickel-chromium alloy) is embedded in an ultra-clear glass layer 3, and the resistance wire is connected to the electrode. When current flows through the resistor, electrical energy is converted into heat energy due to the Joule effect, achieving temperature-controlled heating. During the heating season, when powered by the electrode, the resistance wire releases a large amount of heat due to the Joule effect, thus preventing heat loss from the room and creating a comfortable thermal environment. The thin resistance wire is evenly distributed inside the glass, minimizing negative impacts on lighting and preventing glass breakage due to localized overheating.

[0032] Example 3: The transparent electrode layer 6 is a transparent conductive oxide. It has high light transmittance and high conductivity. The transparent electrode layer 6, the electrochromic layer 7, the electrolyte layer 8, and the ion storage layer 9 are encapsulated in two pieces of ultra-white glass to obtain an electrochromic glass window.

[0033] Furthermore, the transparent electrode layer 6 is a thin film layer formed by pressing together oxides of In, Sb, Zn, or Cd, or any two or more mixtures of In, Sb, Zn, or Cd oxides. It possesses high transmittance and good conductivity, serving as the electrode for the electrochromic glass window.

[0034] Example 4: The electrolyte layer 8 is a film obtained by dissolving a conductive polymer Li+PC structure into epoxy resin and then curing it. The Li+PC structure can be understood as a copolymer of lithium salt and organic materials. Under the action of an applied electric field, cations are provided for the coloring / fading process. Under the action of the applied electric field, the cations in the electrolyte drift, and the molecules in the electrochromic layer 7, after combining with the cations, change from colorless to colored, which is called the coloring process. When the applied electric field is reversed, the cations in the electrolyte drift to the ion storage layer, so the electrochromic layer changes from colored to colorless, which is called the fading process. By changing the direction of the applied electric field, the transmittance of the electrochromic window can be controlled, thereby adjusting indoor lighting. Optionally, the electrochromic layer 7 is tungsten trioxide. It changes from colorless to colored when it combines with cations in the electrolyte, and vice versa.

[0035] Example 5: The ion storage layer 9 is formed by pressing a mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium dioxide. It is responsible for storing cations during the fading process to achieve the separation of cations and tungsten trioxide (electrochromic layer 7).

[0036] Based on the above, preferably, all ultra-white glass layers 3 are low-iron glass with a relatively low thickness, which can reduce the thickness and weight of the system and improve optical transmittance.

[0037] The following are some of the new types of glass currently available: Electrochromic glass: It changes the light transmittance by applying an external electric field, but it lacks the function of separately controlling light and heat; Nano-laminated glass: It uses nanoparticles to achieve light and heat decoupling, but it lacks the function of regulation; Temperature-controlled electrothermal glass: It uses the Joule effect to heat the glass and reduce indoor heat loss, but its heat flow to the outside is relatively large, which leads to a certain degree of energy waste, and it does not have the function of adjusting light transmission; Insulating laminated glass: It uses the high thermal resistance of air to isolate indoor and outdoor heat flow, but it does not have the function of regulation.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, based on the above implementation method or embodiment, the left glass represents the electrochromic glass layer B facing the outside, and the right glass represents the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A, both of which can be adjusted independently.

[0039] Figure 4 'a' represents the light transmission and heat absorption process diagram, indicating that under the action of an external electric field, the electrochromic layer is in the fading process. Light passes through the electrochromic glass layer to adjust the indoor lighting. Current is introduced into the electrically heated glass through electrode 1, and electrical energy is converted into heat energy to realize the temperature control and heating function.

[0040] Figure 4b represents the light-blocking and heat-absorbing process diagram, indicating that under the action of an external electric field, the electrochromic layer is in the coloring process, and light cannot pass through the electrochromic glass layer, thus achieving the adjustment of indoor lighting. The current is introduced into the electrically heated glass through electrode 1, and the electrical energy is converted into heat energy to achieve the temperature control and electric heating function.

[0041] Figure 4 c represents the light-blocking and heat-insulating process diagram, indicating that under the action of an external electric field, the electrochromic layer is in the coloring process, and light cannot pass through the electrochromic glass layer, thereby achieving the adjustment of indoor lighting. Electrode 1 is not energized, and electrical energy in the electrically heated glass cannot be converted into heat energy.

[0042] Figure 4 d represents the light transmission and heat insulation process diagram, indicating that under the action of an external electric field, the electrochromic layer is in the fading process, and light can pass through the electrochromic glass layer to achieve the adjustment of indoor lighting. Electrode 1 is not energized, and the electrical energy in the electrically heated glass cannot be converted into heat energy.

[0043] Figure 5 This invention illustrates the bidirectional operation of a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer A facing indoors and an electrochromic glass layer B facing outdoors. The outdoor glass is an electrochromic glass based on a solid electrolyte, which can switch between coloring and fading by changing the position of cations through altering the applied electric field. The indoor glass is a nano-laminated glass with both photothermal and electrothermal dual-effects, capable of filtering the solar spectrum into a highly efficient cold light source while simultaneously consuming electricity to provide heat to the interior during the heating season. This invention can actively adjust natural lighting and indoor heat gain according to the indoor photothermal environment, achieving the creation of a highly efficient indoor environment through the organic combination of electrochromism, temperature-controlled electrothermal, and photothermal decoupling functions.

[0044] The present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed structure and technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or alterations shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite insulating glass unit with independent control for heat insulation and sun shading, characterized in that: It includes a photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer (A) facing indoors and an electrochromic glass layer (B) facing outdoors; the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer (A) and the electrochromic glass layer (B) are arranged side by side and sealed by a sealing strip (C), and there is an air gap (5) between the photothermal decoupling temperature-controlled electrothermal glass layer (A) and the electrochromic glass layer (B); The electrochromic glass layer (B) comprises an ultra-white glass layer (3), a transparent electrode layer (6), an electrochromic layer (7), an electrolyte layer (8), and an ion storage layer (9). The electrolyte layer (8) is covered with the ultra-white glass layer (3), the transparent electrode layer (6), and the electrochromic layer (7) from the outside to the inside. The electrolyte layer (8) is covered with the ultra-white glass layer (3), the transparent electrode layer (6), and the ion storage layer (9) from the outside to the inside. The photothermal decoupling temperature control electrothermal glass layer comprises an electrode (1), a nano-laminated layer (2), an ultra-white glass layer (3), and an electrothermal glass layer (4). A nano-laminated layer (2) is provided between the ultra-white glass layer (3) and the electrothermal glass layer (4). The nano-laminated layer (2) is a laminated layer made by mixing tungsten cesium bronze nanoparticles and polyvinyl butyral powder into an organic solvent. Electrodes (1) that can conduct current into the electrothermal glass are provided on both sides of the electrothermal glass layer (4).

2. The heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically heated glass layer (4) is glass obtained by embedding resistance wires in ultra-white glass, and the resistance wires are connected to the electrodes.

3. The heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent electrode layer (6) is a transparent conductive oxide.

4. The independently adjustable composite insulating glass with heat insulation and sun shading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochromic layer (7) is tungsten trioxide.

5. The independently adjustable composite insulating glass for heat preservation and sun shading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte layer (8) is a film obtained by dissolving the conductive polymer Li+PC structure into epoxy resin and curing it.

6. The heat-insulating and sun-shading independently adjustable composite insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion storage layer (9) is formed by pressing a mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium dioxide.

7. The independently adjustable composite insulating glass for heat preservation and sun shading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transparent electrode layer (6) is a thin film layer formed by pressing an oxide of In, Sb, Zn or Cd, or any two or more of the oxides of In, Sb, Zn or Cd.

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