Preparation and construction method of antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation and construction method of an antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, wherein the putty adopts a base material powder obtained by crushing and grinding discarded white porcelain, and is mixed with fresh pig warehouse blood plasma, raw lacquer and short hemp wool in a certain proportion to form a paste, which is stirred and evenly prepared; the putty protective material of the invention is a new type of weather-resistant sealing material made of different materials, and its performance is simultaneously adhesive, moisture-proof, acid-resistant, anti-corrosion and anti-cracking, and is similar to the chemical trace element composition of the original wood material, so that the adhesive part has very high strength, is easy to polish, and is wear-resistant after molding, and is particularly suitable for adhesive bonding, anti-corrosion and anti-cracking coating and protection of outdoor wooden components and utensils.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of antique wooden decoration moisture-proof sealing and wooden cultural relic restoration, and specifically relates to a preparation and construction method of a waterproof, anti-corrosion, weather-resistant and crack-resistant putty for antique wooden structures. Background Art

[0002] People in ancient times knew how to enjoy every aspect of life. For example, in terms of living conditions, large wooden houses had carved beams and painted rafters, and small wooden furniture and utensils were luxuriously carved. All of these wooden structures needed to be beautifully decorated with paint and other coatings to demonstrate the owner's identity and status.

[0003] With the development of modern science and technology, the replacement of paint products is also relatively fast. The existing new paint is convenient to construct and has a simple process, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to fade and not durable. It needs to be repainted after a few years, and the cost is too high. The reason is that the chemical element content of the existing putty preparation material is different from that of the bonding parent wood structure material. Under natural conditions, moisture absorption will cause the existing putty to crack and fall off at the bonding point between the parent and the putty; and the scraping putty bonding point will change the oxidation pathway of the putty when it is not well bonded and stable, and the oxidation trend will accelerate the separation reaction speed. At the same time, the increase and thickening of the putty dust due to grinding will cause the surface of the wooden structure to be unable to be sealed by the putty, which is not conducive to the long-term preservation of wooden objects and utensils. Therefore, the existing putty does not have good corrosion resistance, adhesiveness and weather resistance. The present invention should excavate and sort out the putty matching with the intangible cultural heritage skills construction process of ancient raw lacquer, and develop a new putty and construction method thereof that is wear-resistant, acid-resistant, moisture-proof, waterproof, anti-corrosive and anti-cracking. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a preparation and construction method of an antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty.

[0005] To achieve the above object, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for preparing an antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, characterized in that the preparation steps are as follows:

[0007] (1) crushing and grinding the discarded white porcelain into powder, and then sifting it through a ribbed dense sieve, and the particles of the base material powder sieved down shall not be larger than 0.001mm;

[0008] (ii) preparing fresh pig warehouse plasma liquid, collecting fresh plasma liquid from the chest cavity of slaughtered pigs, filtering it through cotton gauze to remove blood bubbles and plasma impurities, and setting it aside;

[0009] (3) preparing ramie fluff, exposing the ramie husk to the sun, removing the ramie husk skin adhering to the ramie husk short fluff, and setting aside;

[0010] (IV) Mix the base powder with particles no larger than 0.001 mm prepared in step 1, the fresh pig barn plasma prepared in step 2, raw lacquer, and the reserved ramie wool in step 3 in a ratio of 4:1:1:0.001, adjust into a paste, stir and mix evenly, and you will get the antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty.

[0011] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0012] A construction method for antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, characterized in that the specific sealing construction process is as follows:

[0013] 1. Bonding and sealing the surface of wooden components

[0014] The prepared anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty is used as a sealing material. Before being applied to the wooden component matrix, the edges on both sides of the joint surface of the wooden component matrix or the cracks and the concave and uneven parts are first polished and dusted, and the cross section is polished into a mortise and tenon structure. Then, raw lacquer and ramie wool are applied to the mortise and tenon structure. After 5-7 days, a layer of anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty is applied to the mortise and tenon structure. After drying, the putty material is firmly sealed in the cracks or surface of the wooden structure.

[0015] (ii) Use 0.001 fine sandpaper to polish the surface of the cracks and seams that have been painted with putty, keep the joints flat, straight and smooth, and then apply one or two coats of antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty on the entire surface. If the joints are wide, use ramie fleece to tighten them to prevent cracking. This method can prevent water leakage from the seams of various wooden boats and ensure that the joints and cracks will not crack;

[0016] (III) Place the component matrix processed in step 2 in a ventilated place to dry naturally, sand it with 0.001 fine sandpaper until it is smooth, then apply a layer of primer, and sand it with a cloth after it dries; apply another layer of mid-coat and sand it with a cloth again, and finally apply two layers of topcoat and sand it with a cloth again.

[0017] Ten years ago, when the inventor was slaughtering New Year pigs, the pig blood that flowed out from the pig's chest cavity when opening the chest cavity stuck to the bench where the live pigs were placed. He did not rinse it in time. The next day, he found that the surface of the pig blood after drying in the shade was not sticky to water, and no matter how he rinsed the bench, it could not be wiped off... He gave up after that, and the inventor accidentally discovered that the pig blood had waterproof and adhesive functions.

[0018] The inventor lives by the Dongting Lake. The fishing nets are woven with hemp rope, which easily absorbs water after being soaked in water, is easy to rot and has poor durability. However, the newly woven fish nets are soaked in fresh pig barn blood, dried for 24 hours, and then cast on the boat. When the nets are collected, they feel much lighter. The nets are basically dry. The nets are very light because they are not wet with water. The inventor once again demonstrated the waterproof characteristics of fresh pig barn blood that does not absorb water.

[0019] The inventor is engaged in engineering construction. In the general painting process, the putty ingredients used are either double fly powder or sieved gypsum powder or lime powder. After being evenly dried on the wooden structure, it is turned into ash through grinding. It is scattered with a blow because it has no adhesion; only a little is left on the concave uneven surface or joints. After painting, it separates from the wooden structure after being soaked in water, and has poor durability. In order to solve the adhesion of putty, the inventor uses waste porcelain powder to make putty, which has strong adhesion. The putty after grinding is not cut by knives and axes, has good strength, poor hydrophilicity, corrosion resistance, and good durability. It is the first-hand key technology developed by the inventor.

[0020] Compared with the existing common putty and the use of the existing common putty to construct wooden components, the invention is beneficial in that: the putty material of the invention is used, and lignin, hemp wool, C, Si, Al and other trace element materials are matched at the joints or cracks during the sealing construction process, so that the element body has good bonding performance, and there is no crack, crack and segregation when it is pasted with the matrix, the bonding has very high strength, and it is non-corrosive to the matrix material of the wooden object, and the putty is kept dry after being scraped and applied, which is particularly suitable for the damage, caulking, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, sealing and repair of wooden components (cultural relics) to their original appearance. The specific reasons are as follows:

[0021] 1. The wood component sealing (cultural relics filling and repair) material of the present invention has good corrosion resistance, good adhesiveness and weather resistance. This is because in the preparation process of the putty sealing material, the excessive content of harmful substances is avoided as much as possible, which reduces the weather resistance of the product and makes it susceptible to moisture. In view of this, the putty of the present invention uses discarded hemp wool, white porcelain powder, etc. as raw materials, and the metal elements in porcelain are mainly carbon elements, and also include aluminum, silicon and sulfur elements. At the same time, fresh pig warehouse plasma contains nearly a dozen trace elements, which are combined with the metal elements such as carbon, aluminum, silicon and sulfur in porcelain, so that the corrosion-resistant crystals have weather resistance functions; it can enhance the strength and hardness of the dry surface of the putty material to form the corrosion resistance of the surface of trace alloy metal elements, and can act as a ligand to interact with a variety of metal ions to generate a high-strength corrosion-resistant crystal ferrite surface layer, so as to achieve the purpose of moisture resistance, corrosion inhibition and weather resistance of the wood-based matrix material.

[0022] 2. The putty sealing material of the present invention has the same chemical composition and material as the parent element of the wood component. It has good waterproof and moisture-proof properties, is weather-resistant, resistant to erosion by the natural environment, non-oxidative, and crack-resistant. The hemp wool improves the unevenness of the gap between the contact surface with the parent material, making the lowest active temperature of the object to be scraped slightly lower and suitable for the temperature and humidity of the four seasons. After multiple soaking tests and comparisons, there is no obvious cracking, warping, deformation, or segregation between the parent wood component and the putty material sealing, and the effect is remarkable, meeting all requirements of the protection of wood structures.

[0023] 3. The scraping and coating construction method of the present invention has good spreadability and ensures that there will be no cracking, warping, deformation, or segregation (stress) after scraping and pasting, so that the scraped area has good strength, rigidity and waterproof performance; after processing and shaping, scraping and brushing waterproof putty can ensure the restoration of the original appearance and shape of the wooden component. After strength destructive comparison tests, scraping and brushing meet various technical requirements for the protection of wooden components.

[0024] 4. The moisture-proof and moisture-proof putty sealing material of the present invention is weather-resistant. Before construction, a certain proportion of fresh pig barn plasma or raw lacquer, hemp wool is added, and after stirring, it is scraped (brushed) to form an overall sealing and corrosion inhibition, achieving the purpose of moisture resistance, waterproof and weather resistance, and ensuring the original appearance of wooden components (restoring cultural relics). After repeated destructive comparative tests of acid etching, freeze-thaw, various wooden components, utensils, and wooden objects painted with the new waterproof and moisture-proof putty meet the various technical requirements for the anti-corrosion (cultural relics) protection of various wooden components, utensils, and objects.

[0025] 5. The new materials, splicing, coating and sealing, weather-resistant and moisture-proofing techniques of the present invention can seal it into a complete and exquisite wooden component (vessel), which can be used for people to appreciate, study and weather-resistant wooden objects. When porcelain powder is matched with fresh pig warehouse plasma and hemp wool, the ingredients are prepared according to the climate. The moisture-proof putty prepared by special preparation and construction is more heat-resistant, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, corrosion-resistant, waterproof and moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant, and crack-resistant than the putty prepared by the traditional method. It has strong adhesion and is a typical quick-drying putty. It has good hardness, strength and resistance after film formation. After applying raw lacquer on the putty, it presents a bright luster. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0027] A method for preparing an antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, wherein the specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0028] (1) Abandoned white porcelain is used as the base material. Since porcelain is made of natural mineral raw materials such as clay, quartz stone, feldspar, etc. according to a certain formula and processed through processes such as molding and firing, it has a low water absorption rate. Therefore, the porcelain base material contains major elements such as carbon, silicon, aluminum, and sulfur.

[0029] In this embodiment, the discarded white porcelain is crushed, ground, and ground into powder, and then sieved through a ribbed dense sieve, and the base material powder particles sieved are no larger than 0.001mm;

[0030] (ii) preparing fresh pig warehouse plasma liquid, collecting fresh plasma liquid from the chest cavity of a pig that has just died after being slaughtered, filtering it through cotton gauze to remove blood bubbles and plasma impurities, and setting it aside;

[0031] (3) preparing ramie fluff, exposing the ramie husk to the sun, removing the ramie husk skin adhering to the ramie husk short fluff, and setting aside;

[0032] (IV) Mix the base powder with particles no larger than 0.001 mm prepared in step 1, the fresh pig barn plasma prepared in step 2, raw lacquer, and the reserved ramie wool in step 3 in a ratio of 4:1:1:0.001, adjust into a paste, stir and mix evenly, and you will get the antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty.

[0033] After scraping and sealing the anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty prepared in Example 1 around a small piece of wood board, it was put into cold water for ten days and then taken out. It was the same as the one that had not been soaked in water, without any cracks, and was as bright as new. The putty was adsorbed to the wooden component without detachment or segregation, and its waterproof performance was roughly the same. Embodiment 2

[0034] A construction method of an antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, the specific sealing construction process is as follows:

[0035] 1. Bonding and sealing the surface of wooden components

[0036] Pasting (splicing) in the sealing process is a very important step, that is, at the cracks and joints of the wooden components, the pasting material and the wooden components are integrated by pasting and bonding putty and hemp wool; the pasting material in this embodiment is an anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty prepared by mixing porcelain powder, fresh pig warehouse plasma and hemp wool. Since the mixture contains more than ten trace elements such as silicon, aluminum, oxygen, etc. in addition to carbon and iron, which can improve the bonding performance, the porcelain powder and fresh pig plasma are combined with the trace elements in the hemp wool to increase the trace iron quality that can change the bonding point, thereby increasing the bonding degree, strength, crack resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0037] In this embodiment, the anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty prepared in Example 1 is used as a sealing material. Before being painted with the wooden component mother body, the edges on both sides of the joint surface of the wooden component mother body or cracks, as well as the concave and uneven parts, are first polished and dusted, and the cross-section is polished into a mortise and tenon structure, and then raw lacquer is applied to the mortise and tenon structure. After 5-7 days, a layer of anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty is applied to the mortise and tenon structure. There is no need to add lining cloth at the cracks, and cold operation is performed to make them bonded and fit. After drying, the putty material is firmly sealed in the cracks or surface of the wooden structure without cracks.

[0038] (ii) Use 0.001 fine sandpaper to polish the surface of the cracks and seams that have been painted with putty, keep the joints flat, straight and smooth, and then apply one or two coats of antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty on the entire surface, using the principle that oxygen elements can relieve stress to ensure that the joints and cracks will not crack;

[0039] (III) Place the component matrix processed in step 2 in a ventilated place to dry naturally, sand it with 0.001 fine sandpaper until it is smooth, then apply a layer of primer, and sand it with a cloth after it dries; apply another layer of mid-coat and sand it with a cloth again, and finally apply two layers of topcoat and sand it with a cloth again.

[0040] Due to the perfect combination of iron in porcelain, fresh pig barn plasma and trace elements in hemp wool, the pasting (splicing) points can be sealed against moisture and corrosion and will not be affected by moisture erosion, so as to achieve the purpose of moisture-proofing, moisture-proofing and weather-resistant.

[0041] Through on-site operation, it is found that the use of ordinary materials and traditional putty construction techniques will cause stress variation after scraping with the matrix, resulting in cracking, warping and falling off, and losing moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant functions, which cannot meet the matrix's requirements for the strength of putty materials and splicing joints and the waterproof, anti-corrosion, and moisture-proof requirements of wooden components. Therefore, it is necessary to use a new material isotope with the same chemical (trace) element composition and function as the matrix material, as well as putty material sealing technology and moisture-proof and waterproof liquid agents to ensure that the joints of wooden components after scraping putty have the same strength and weather-resistant function as the matrix.

[0042] The novel wood structure anticorrosive and anti-cracking putty material of the present invention and the existing putty material were subjected to destructive testing, and the testing process was as follows:

[0043] Test product 1: Ordinary water-resistant putty

[0044] According to the national regulations, the JG / T3049-1998 brand is composed of double fly powder (calcium carbonate), lime calcium powder, cement, organic glue powder, water retaining agent, etc. The content of each component by mass percentage is as follows: heavy calcium (or talcum powder) 70%-80%, lime calcium (lime powder) 20%-30%, and an appropriate amount of cellulose. Double fly powder (calcium carbonate), lime calcium powder, cement, organic glue powder, water retaining agent, etc. are weighed and stacked together by mass percentage using a balance. After being naturally fully mixed, ordinary water-resistant putty is obtained.

[0045] Test product 2: the waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty powder material prepared in this embodiment.

[0046] 1. The material comparison experiment is as follows:

[0047] Test product 1 and test product 2 are respectively applied on wooden components or utensils, and then a conventional 12-hour immersion treatment is carried out. After immersion, the wooden components or utensils applied with test product 1 (ordinary water-resistant putty) show cracking, peeling, dissolution and falling off, which cannot meet the durability requirements of the sealing of wooden components; the wooden components or utensils applied with test product 2 (the waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty of this embodiment) do not show cracking, peeling or falling off. After destructive testing, their strength, hardness and adhesive (pasting) properties are good.

[0048] 2. Corrosion resistance test is as follows:

[0049] The wooden components or utensils coated with the test product 1 (ordinary water-resistant putty) and the test product 2 (the waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty of the present embodiment) were soaked in a 1% low-content hydrochloric acid solution, and naturally dried after soaking for 168 hours. The surface color of the test product 1 (ordinary water-resistant putty) changed significantly, and the surface had obvious cracking, bubbling, dissolution and shedding phenomena, and poor water resistance and alkali resistance; the surface of the test product 2 (the waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty of the present embodiment) had no color change, and the surface of the putty had no obvious cracking, peeling and shedding, and the hardness and strength were high. The experimental results show that the antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty of the present invention has obvious moisture-proof, waterproof and corrosion-resistant effects, which is the key to the success of repairing wooden components, utensils, especially wooden cultural relics.

[0050] 3. The bonding strength test is as follows:

[0051] Take test product 1 (ordinary water-resistant putty) and test product 2 (waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty of this embodiment) to bond (join) in the cracks of wooden components, respectively, and conduct destructive experiments on the bonding (joining) joints; after inspection, the bonding (joining) joints using the waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant putty of this embodiment are safe and sound, while the bonding (joining) joints using the ordinary water-resistant putty have destructive segregation marks. The experimental results show that the bonding (joining) strength of the new antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty of the present invention is relatively high.

[0052] 4. The experiment of the restoration construction method of the wooden component cultural relic fragments is as follows:

[0053] a. Comparison of two types of putty bonding (joining)

[0054] The common water-resistant putty group and the novel antique wood structure antiseptic and anti-cracking putty group of the present invention were used to repair the same standard wooden component fragments, and the pasting and bonding (joining) performance was compared.

[0055] From the results of the two groups of pasting and bonding, the new putty of the present invention and the common water-resistant putty showed good fluidity during the pasting and bonding process, and there was no significant difference in the operating feel and the pasting and bonding setting time. However, the new putty of the present invention remained firm and straight after being polished to remove dust. However, the common water-resistant putty had obvious dust and segregation at the pasting and bonding. The joints on both sides were very obvious, and there were clear cracks.

[0056] b. Comparative test of immersion corrosion of wooden component fragments

[0057] A wooden component fragment is cut into two sections, one section is coated with common water-resistant putty and the other with the new putty of the present invention, and dust on the surface is removed by grinding. One section of the common water-resistant putty fragment and the other section of the new putty fragment are respectively soaked in 1% low-content hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, and then taken out and placed at room temperature to observe the surface changes of the two sections.

[0058] Conclusion: A section of ordinary water-resistant putty fragment immersed in 1% low-content hydrochloric acid solution will gradually show obvious corrosion changes after being taken out for 24 hours, and the corrosion will worsen with the extension of time. However, there is no obvious change between the new putty fragment hanging piece of the present invention and the putty fragment hanging piece that has not been immersed.

[0059] 5. The comparative experiments of moisture-proof, waterproof and corrosion-resistant are as follows:

[0060] The putty prepared by the traditional water-adding method and the new putty of the present invention were scraped (brushed) on the wooden component fragments, and then twenty repeated freeze-thaw corrosion resistance and weather resistance tests were carried out respectively. The ordinary water-resistant putty began to foam and dissolve after ten times of scraping on the wooden component fragments, and began to dissolve and fall off after eighteen times, which could not meet the durability requirements of wooden components, let alone the various requirements for the restoration of ancient wooden cultural relics. After the new anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty of the present invention was scraped (brushed), it had good waterproof, moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant strength performance test and weather resistance, which not only met the durability requirements of wooden components, but also met the weather resistance of the restoration of ancient wooden cultural relics, and met the various requirements for the restoration of wooden components (cultural relics).

Claims

1. A method for preparing an antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty, characterized in that: The preparation steps are as follows: (1) crushing and grinding the discarded white porcelain into powder, and then sifting it through a ribbed dense sieve, and the particles of the base material powder sieved down shall not be larger than 0.001mm; (ii) preparing fresh pig warehouse plasma liquid, collecting fresh plasma liquid from the chest cavity of slaughtered pigs, filtering it through cotton gauze to remove blood bubbles and plasma impurities, and setting it aside; (3) preparing ramie fluff, exposing the ramie husk to the sun, removing the ramie husk skin adhering to the ramie husk short fluff, and setting aside; (IV) Mix the base powder with particles no larger than 0.001 mm prepared in step 1, the fresh pig barn plasma prepared in step 2, raw lacquer, and the reserved ramie wool in step 3 in a ratio of 4:1:1:0.001, adjust into a paste, stir and mix evenly, and you will get the antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty.

2. The construction method of an antique wood structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific sealing construction process is as follows:

1. Bonding and sealing the surface of wooden components The prepared anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty is used as a sealing material. Before being applied to the wooden component mother body, the edges or cracks on both sides of the wooden component mother body joint surface, as well as the concave and uneven places, are first polished and dusted, and the cross section is polished into a mortise and tenon structure, and then raw lacquer and ramie wool are applied to the mortise and tenon structure. After 5-7 days, a layer of anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty is applied to the mortise and tenon structure. After drying, the putty material is firmly sealed in the cracks or surface of the wooden structure; (ii) Use 0.001 fine sandpaper to polish the crack surface painted with putty, keep the joints flat, straight and smooth, and then scrape one or two coats of antique wooden structure anti-corrosion and anti-cracking putty on the whole. If the joints are wide, use ramie wool to tighten and prevent cracks in the joints, and ensure that the joint surface and the cracks will not crack; (III) Place the component matrix processed in step 2 in a ventilated place to dry naturally, sand it with 0.001 fine sandpaper until it is smooth, then apply a layer of primer, and sand it with a cloth after it dries; apply another layer of mid-coat and sand it with a cloth again, and finally apply two layers of topcoat and sand it with a cloth again.