Water quality conditioner for pearl mussel culture pond and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water quality adjusting, and discloses a water quality conditioner for pearl mussel breeding ponds and a preparation process thereof, which comprises 5-10 parts of EM bacteria, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of proteose peptone, 40-60 parts of gelatin, 30-50 parts of organic salt, 5-15 parts of algal mud mixture, 20-40 parts of water, 5-10 parts of pond sludge and 1-5 parts of organic pH regulator. The pH value of the mixture of the water quality conditioner is adjusted by adding a certain amount of HCl solution during the preparation process, and the alkaline organic salt is added in the water quality conditioner, so that the pH value of the water quality of the pearl mussel breeding pond can be well adjusted when added into the target pond, so that the pH value of the water quality in the breeding pond is in a slightly alkaline state, a good breeding environment is provided for the pearl mussel, and the output effect and quality of pearls are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water quality regulation, in particular to a water quality regulator for pearl mussel culture ponds and a preparation process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Natural fisheries are greatly affected by the natural environment and have obvious seasonality, therefore, aquaculture has been greatly developed. In the process of pearl mussel aquaculture, the water quality will appear problems such as eutrophication of water body, environmental deterioration, and disease spread as the culture time increases. The common solution for the maintenance of culture water body is to replace the water body at regular intervals or use drugs or some compounds to decompose animal manure and other substances in the water body, so as to convert them into nutrients required by algae in the water body.

[0003] When the water quality is regulated in the existing pearl mussel culture ponds, the regulator used generally uses protein peptone as a culture medium, and then adds diatom soil which can easily adsorb impurities in water and bacteria such as bacillus spores and lactic acid bacteria which have nutritional value, so as to regulate and improve the microbial community of the entire water body, so as to ensure that the pearl mussel in the culture water body can maintain good growth conditions.

[0004] However, when the above regulator improves the water quality of the culture pond, many nutrients added will not be completely absorbed by algae and other microorganisms, and these residual nutrients will also affect the overall pH of the culture pond. The pH of normal culture water should be between 7.6 and 8.8. A pH that is too high will cause a large number of aquatic animals to die, causing huge economic losses to people. In view of this, we propose a water quality regulator for pearl mussel culture ponds and a preparation process thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water quality regulator for pearl mussel culture ponds and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a water quality regulator for pearl mussel culture ponds, comprising:

[0007] 5-10 parts of EM bacteria, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of protein peptone, 40-60 parts of gelatin, 30-50 parts of organic salt, 5-15 parts of algal mud mixture, 20-40 parts of water, 5-10 parts of pond sludge, and 1-5 parts of organic pH regulator.

[0008] Preferably, the EM bacteria include photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes, and the number of colonies of the photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes is (1-1.5):(0.5-0.1):(0.3-0.8):(1-2), specifically, the EM bacteria use the soil material dried by the pond silt as the culture medium when cultured, and are placed in a constant temperature shaking incubator for culture and reproduction, and are anaerobically cultured in the culture medium with red sugar, and due to the rapid reproduction of the EM bacteria in the soil, the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological position in the soil, form a dominant community of beneficial microorganisms, and use the silt in the pearl oyster disease pond as the culture medium, so that the EM bacteria can adapt to the ecological environment of the target pond more quickly, and improve the use effect of the EM bacteria as a water quality regulator.

[0009] Preferably, the pond silt is collected from the surface silt of the water bottom of the pearl oyster disease pond, and after the pond silt is collected, it is filtered to remove solid impurities in the silt and solid materials in the soil, and is dried for standby, so that the standard pond silt is obtained, and the adaptability of the related microorganisms in the water quality regulator to the ecological environment of the pond is improved, so that the water quality regulator can quickly adapt after being put into the breeding pond.

[0010] Preferably, the organic salt includes magnesium, silicon, manganese, iron, calcium and the like, and choline chloride is added to the organic salt, so that the thickness of the pearl oyster bottom mud can be increased, and the pearl oyster pearl production probability can be improved, the magnesium salt in the organic salt is composed of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the silicon salt is made of a mixture of citric acid soluble silicon fertilizer and water soluble silicon fertilizer, the manganese fertilizer is made of soluble manganese fertilizer, the iron fertilizer is made of ferrous sulfate, and the calcium fertilizer is made of a mixture of quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of the quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate is 1:1:2.

[0011] Preferably, the algae mud mixture is made of diatom mud, golden algae, algae, and euglena, and when the algae mud is mixed, small plankton bacteria and other organic detritus are added in a weight ratio of 20:1, so that a certain amount of algae and microorganisms beneficial to the decomposition of the excrement of the pearl oysters in the water body are maintained in the algae mud mixture, which is beneficial to ensuring the nutrition degree in the breeding pond, and can maintain good visibility in the water body, further can maintain the "fat, active, refreshing, tender" state of the breeding water body, and improve the yield and quality of the pearl oysters.

[0012] A water quality regulator preparation process for a pearl oyster breeding pond, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1, extracting a silt mixture from the water bottom of a pearl oyster disease-free pond to obtain pond silt as culture medium A;

[0014] S2, drying the culture medium A to a state where no water can be seen flowing;

[0015] S3, mixing the protein peptone and chitosan with the culture medium A in S2 to obtain a culture medium B;

[0016] S4, inoculating the EM bacteria into the culture medium B and keeping the culture medium B in a humid state, while providing heat to the culture device of the culture medium B to keep it at about 35 degrees Celsius, with a deviation of no more than 2 degrees Celsius, and the culture time is kept for 5-7 days to obtain a culture medium C;

[0017] S5, mixing the algal sludge mixture with organic salt and water, and adding vermiculite and bentonite to the mixture to obtain a supplementary mixture;

[0018] S6, mixing the culture medium C in S4 with the supplementary mixture obtained in S5, and adding gelatin to the mixture during the mixing process;

[0019] S7, adjusting the pH value of the mixture in S6 to control the pH value of the mixture to be between 7.5 and 8.5;

[0020] S8, drying the mixture obtained in S7 to remove excess water to obtain a water quality regulator.

[0021] Preferably, during the drying process of the culture medium A in S2, the sludge mixture is air-dried, and the supporting material for the sludge mixture during drying is a fine mesh filter to facilitate the drainage of water from the bottom layer. At the same time, the sludge mixture is turned over during the drying process to accelerate the drainage of water and ensure uniform drying of the sludge mixture, avoiding the influence of residual water on subsequent culture and preliminary mixing.

[0022] Preferably, the vermiculite and bentonite added in S5 are ground before mixing to ensure that the particle size of the bentonite is between 0.2 μm and 2 μm, and the particle size of the vermiculite is controlled between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

[0023] Preferably, when adjusting the pH value of the mixture in S7, dilute HCl solution is added, and the mass percentage of the HCl solution is 3.5%.

[0024] Preferably, the gelatin in S6 is added last at the time of adding, and the mixture is in a viscous state at the time of adding the gelatin, and the mixture is subjected to centrifugal processing after the gelatin is added to ensure the separation effect of the gelatin in the mixture, so that the water quality conditioner can be dispersed in time to expose the internal effective substances when it is put into the target pond water.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the water quality conditioner for pearl mussel breeding ponds and the preparation process thereof have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The water quality conditioner for pearl mussel breeding ponds and the preparation process thereof adjust the pH value of the mixture of the water quality conditioner by adding a certain amount of HCl solution during the preparation process of the water quality conditioner, and add alkaline organic salt in the water quality conditioner, which can well adjust the pH value of the water quality of the pearl mussel breeding pond when added into the target pond, so that the pH value of the water quality in the breeding pond is in a slightly alkaline state, providing a good breeding environment for pearl mussels and improving the output effect and quality of pearls.

[0027] 2. The water quality conditioner for pearl mussel breeding ponds and the preparation process thereof culture and mix EM bacteria, microorganisms and algae by using no pearl mussel pond sludge as culture medium, so that EM bacteria, microorganisms and algae can more easily adapt to the water quality characteristics of the target breeding pond, so that the water quality conditioner can more easily achieve the water quality adjustment effect when it is put into use after production, and can maintain a longer effect to continuously and stably improve the water quality of the breeding pond.

[0028] 3. The water quality conditioner for pearl mussel breeding ponds and the preparation process thereof add magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, soluble silicon fertilizer and water-soluble silicon fertilizer mixture, soluble manganese fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer made of mixture of quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate in the water quality conditioner to ensure that pearl mussels and their related feed organisms can obtain sufficient trace elements, promote pearl mussel metabolism of nacre, accelerate the establishment of pearls, and improve the yield of pearls. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of the water quality conditioner of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the organic salt component of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the EM bacteria component structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the water quality conditioner production process steps of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] As Figures 1-4 indicated, the present application provides a technical solution: a water quality conditioner for pearl mussel culture pond and its preparation process, comprising:

[0034] 5-10 parts of EM bacteria, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of proteose peptone, 40-60 parts of gelatin, 30-50 parts of organic salt, 5-15 parts of algal mud mixture, 20-40 parts of water, 5-10 parts of pond sludge, 1-5 parts of organic pH regulator.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, the EM bacteria include photosynthetic bacteria, yeast bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes, and the number of bacteria of the photosynthetic bacteria, yeast bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes is (1-1.5):(0.5-0.1):(0.3-0.8):(1-2), specifically, the EM bacteria are cultured and propagated using the soil material dried with the pond sludge as the culture medium during the culture, due to the rapid propagation characteristics of the EM bacteria in the soil, the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological position in the soil, form a dominant community of beneficial microorganisms, and use the sludge of the pond without pearl mussel disease to make the EM bacteria adapt to the ecological environment of the target pond faster, improve the use effect of the EM bacteria in the water quality conditioner, further, the collection place of the pond sludge is the surface sludge of the pond without pearl mussel disease, and the pond sludge is filtered after collection to remove solid impurities in the sludge and solid materials in the soil, and is dried for standby, so as to obtain the sludge of the target pond, improve the adaptability of the related microorganisms in the water quality conditioner to the ecological environment of the pond, and better facilitate the rapid adaptation effect of the water quality conditioner after being put into the culture pond, in addition, the organic salt includes magnesium, silicon, manganese, iron, calcium and the like, and chlorocholine is added to the organic salt, so as to improve the thickness of the pearl mussel bottom mud and improve the pearl mussel pearl production probability, the magnesium salt in the organic salt is composed of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the silicon salt is made of a mixture of citric acid soluble silicon fertilizer and water soluble silicon fertilizer, the manganese fertilizer is made of soluble manganese fertilizer, the iron fertilizer is made of ferrous sulfate, and the calcium fertilizer is made of a mixture of quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of the quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate is 1:1:2, so as to ensure that the pearl mussel and its related bait organisms can obtain sufficient trace elements, promote the metabolism of the pearl mussel, accelerate the establishment of the pearl, and improve the yield of the pearl.

[0036] In addition, the algae mud mixture is made by mixing diatom mud, golden algae, algae, and euglena, and when the algae mud is mixed, small plankton bacteria and other organic detritus are added in a weight ratio of 20:1, so that a certain amount of algae and microorganisms in the algae mud mixture that are beneficial to the decomposition of the excrement of the pearl mussels in the water body are maintained, which is beneficial to ensuring the nutrition degree in the breeding pond and maintaining good visibility in the water body, further maintaining the "fat, active, refreshing, and tender" state of the breeding water body, and improving the yield and quality of the pearl mussels.

[0037] A preparation process of a water quality conditioner for a pearl mussel breeding pond, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1, extracting a sludge mixture from the bottom of the water in a pearl mussel disease-free pond to obtain pond sludge as culture medium A;

[0039] S2, drying the culture medium A to a state where no water flow can be seen;

[0040] S3, mixing the protein and chitosan with the culture medium A in S2 to obtain culture medium B;

[0041] S4, inoculating EM bacteria on the culture medium B and keeping the culture medium B in a humid state, while heating the culture apparatus of the culture medium B to keep it at about 35 degrees Celsius with a deviation of no more than 2 degrees Celsius, and the culture time is kept for 5-7 days to obtain culture medium C;

[0042] S5, mixing the algae mud mixture with organic salt and water, and adding vermiculite and bentonite to the mixture to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;

[0043] S6, mixing the culture medium C in S4 with the auxiliary material mixture obtained in S5, and adding gelatin to the mixture during the mixing process;

[0044] S7, adjusting the pH value of the mixture in S6 to control the pH value of the mixture to be between 7.5 and 8.5;

[0045] S8, drying the mixture obtained in S7 to remove excess water to obtain a water quality conditioner.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, the dissolved chitosan is in a gel state, has strong adsorption capacity, so that it can better adsorb organic salts or other materials when the water quality conditioner is carried out, thereby better facilitating the subsequent mixing production of the water quality conditioner, so that the smallest unit of the water quality conditioner can adsorb different components on its surface to improve the functionality of the water quality conditioner. In addition, in the inoculation of EM bacteria in S4, the moisture in the wetting of the culture medium B uses water from the target pond to better simulate the ecological environment of the target pearl mussel pond, thereby better improving the culture effect of the EM bacteria. At the same time, the organic salt added in S5 is subjected to related grinding, crushing and mixing treatment before mixing, and is in a mixed state when added, so that the organic salt can be better dispersed when mixed with the algal sludge mixture and water, thereby improving the diffusion effect of the organic salt, so that it can be better dispersed during the mixing process of the water quality conditioner, thereby improving the uniformity of the effect of the water quality conditioner. Further, the water in S5 is added gradually, which can effectively avoid the mixture from being too fluid, keep the processing material in a viscous state during the mixing process, thereby affecting the processing effect of the water quality conditioner, avoiding too much effective substance dissolved in the water directly affecting the effectiveness of the water quality conditioner, and reducing the use effect of the water quality conditioner.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, in the drying process of the culture medium A in S2, the sludge mixture is dried by air drying, and the supporting object of the sludge mixture during drying is a fine mesh filter, so as to facilitate the discharge of the water at the bottom, and at the same time, the sludge mixture is turned over during drying, so as to accelerate the discharge of water and ensure the uniformity of the drying of the sludge mixture, avoiding the influence of residual water on the subsequent culture and preliminary mixing. In addition, the vermiculite and bentonite added in S5 are ground respectively before mixing, so as to ensure that the particle size of the bentonite is between 0.2 μm and 2 μm, and the particle size of the vermiculite is controlled between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, so that the bentonite and vermiculite are in smaller particle size, so that the bentonite and vermiculite will not quickly sink to the bottom when dispersed into the target aquaculture water, resulting in that they cannot be effectively dispersed into the water body, reducing the size of the action area of the water quality conditioner, and affecting the use effect of the water quality conditioner. Specifically, in S7, the mixture is adjusted in pH value by adding diluted HCl solution, and the mass percentage of the HCl solution is 3.5%, so as to adjust the pH value of the mixture of the water quality conditioner, and the alkaline organic salt is added in the water quality conditioner, which can well adjust the pH value of the water quality of the pearl mussel culture pond when added into the target pond, so as to make the pH value of the water quality in the culture pond in a slightly alkaline state, providing a good culture environment for the pearl mussel, and improving the output effect and quality of the pearls.

[0048] Further, the gelatin in S6 is added last, and the mixture is in a viscous state when the gelatin is added, and the mixture is centrifuged after the gelatin is added, so as to ensure the separation effect of the gelatin in the mixture, so as to facilitate the dispersion of the water quality conditioner in the target pond water body, so as to expose the internal effective substances.

[0049] The above describes the present application in detail, but some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present application, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the modifications or improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water conditioner for a pearl oyster culture pond, characterized by comprising: Comprise: ​ 5-10 parts of EM bacteria, 20-30 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of proteose peptone, 40-60 parts of gelatin, 30-50 parts of organic salt, 5-15 parts of algal mud mixture, 20-40 parts of water, 5-10 parts of pond sludge, 1-5 parts of organic pH regulator; The EM bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes, and the number of colonies of the photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes is (1-1.5):(0.5-0.1):(0.3-0.8):(1-2), specifically, the EM bacteria are cultured using soil material dried with the pond sludge as culture medium, and are cultured and multiplied in a constant temperature shaking incubator, and are anaerobically cultured with red sugar in the culture medium, the pond sludge is collected from the surface layer of the water bottom of a pond where no pearl mussels are sick, and is filtered to remove solid impurities in the sludge and solid substances in the soil, and is dried for standby, the organic salt comprises magnesium, silicon, manganese, iron and calcium, and chlorocholine is added to the organic salt, the magnesium salt of the organic salt is composed of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the silicon salt is made of a mixture of citric acid soluble silicon fertilizer and water soluble silicon fertilizer, the manganese salt is made of soluble manganese fertilizer, the iron salt is made of ferrous sulfate, and the calcium salt is made of a mixture of quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of the quicklime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate is 1:1:2, the algal mud mixture is made of diatom mud, golden algae and euglena, and small plankton and bacteria are added to the algal mud mixture in a weight ratio of 20:1 during mixing.

2. The process for preparing the water conditioner for the pearl oyster culture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: Comprise the following steps: S1, extracting a sludge mixture from the water bottom of a pond where no pearl mussels are sick to obtain pond sludge as culture medium A; S2, drying the culture medium A to a state where no water flow can be seen; S3, mixing proteose peptone and chitosan with the culture medium A in S2 to obtain culture medium B; S4, inoculating EM bacteria into the culture medium B, keeping the culture medium B in a wet state, and heating the culture apparatus of the culture medium B to keep it at 35 degrees Celsius with a deviation of no more than 2 degrees Celsius, and the culture time is kept for 5-7 days to obtain culture medium C; S5, mixing algal mud mixture, organic salt and water, and adding vermiculite and bentonite to the mixture to obtain an auxiliary mixture; S6, mixing the culture medium C in S4 and the auxiliary mixture obtained in S5, and adding gelatin to the mixture during mixing; S7, adjusting the pH value of the mixture obtained in S6 to control the pH value of the mixture to be between 7.5 and 8.5; S8, drying the mixture obtained in S7 to remove excess water to obtain a water quality regulator.

3. The process for preparing a water conditioner for a pearl oyster farm according to claim 2, wherein the water conditioner is prepared by the following steps: (1) mixing the water conditioner with water to be treated; (2) adding the water conditioner to the water to be treated; and (3) stirring the water to be treated. In the drying process of the culture medium A in S2, the sludge mixture is dried by air drying, and the fine mesh is used as the supporting object for the sludge mixture during the drying process, and the sludge mixture is turned over during the drying process.

4. The process for preparing a water conditioner for a pearl oyster farm according to claim 2, wherein the process is characterized by: In S5, the vermiculite and the bentonite are ground before being added and mixed, so that the particle size of the bentonite is controlled to be between 0.2 μm and 2 μm, and the particle size of the vermiculite is controlled to be between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

5. The process for preparing a water conditioner for a pearl oyster farm according to claim 2, wherein the water conditioner is prepared by the following steps: (1) mixing the water conditioner with water to be treated; (2) adding the water conditioner to the water to be treated; and (3) stirring the water to be treated. In S7, the pH value of the mixture is adjusted by adding the diluted HCl solution, and the mass percentage of the HCl solution is 3.5%.

6. The process for preparing a water conditioner for a pearl oyster farm according to claim 2, wherein the process is characterized by: In S6, the gelatin is added at the last time, and the mixture is in a viscous state when the gelatin is added, and the mixture is subjected to centrifugal processing after the gelatin is added, so as to ensure the separation effect of the gelatin in the mixture.

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