Multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device and its application in bridge construction

Abstract

The present invention relates to telescopic devices and their applications, and in particular to the application of a multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device in bridge construction. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device includes a main and auxiliary tooth plates whose rear ends are arranged on the beam ends or abutments on both sides of the expansion joint. The beam ends or abutments below the rear of the main and auxiliary tooth plates are provided with working platforms located on the same horizontal plane, and a waterproof device is provided in the expansion joint; the main and auxiliary tooth plates are respectively slidably assembled with the beam ends or abutments through slider guide mechanisms arranged along the transverse bridge direction, an elastic medium is provided between the sliding surfaces adjacent to the top of the slider and the guide rail, and an elastic pad is provided on the adjacent surface of the guide rail and the working platform. The lower guide rail of the main tooth plate includes a fixed part and a movable part that rotates with the transverse bridge direction as the axis and cooperates with the upper part of the fixed part. The present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art, such as the inability to achieve multi-directional movement and poor driving comfort. It has the advantages of being adaptable to multi-directional movement and rotation with the transverse bridge direction as the axis, quick installation and maintenance, and easy standardization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a telescopic device and its application, and in particular to the application of a multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device in bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the bridge expansion device is to avoid damage to the ends of the beams and slabs on both sides of the expansion joint due to thermal expansion and contraction, and also to make the road surface smoother and thus provide a good passing feeling for the vehicles. The expansion devices include comb plate type, modular type, seamless type, etc. Among them, the comb plate expansion device can meet the displacement of the beams and slabs along the bridge direction, but there are the following problems: First, when the bridge causes lateral displacement of the two adjacent beams and slabs due to settlement, lateral wind, cumulative tolerance of construction, etc., the comb plate expansion device can only rely on the gap between the teeth to move. The displacement between the teeth is generally 2 to 5 mm, which is almost negligible for the width of the beam and slab. When the lateral displacement exceeds the gap between the teeth, the lateral force is transmitted to the beam and slab through the tooth plate, causing the beam to The first is the destruction of the slab concrete; the second is that when the vehicle passes by and generates vertical vibration, the comb plate will have a hard collision with the beam and slab concrete, causing the beam and slab concrete to fall off, reducing the service life of the beam and slab, and the vehicle will generate jumping vibrations, affecting driving comfort; the third is that when the comb plate expansion joint is installed, the anchor bolts are first welded to the embedded steel bars in the reserved groove at the beam end, and then the nuts are tightened with the anchor bolts. The vertical vibration generated by the vehicle is easy to cause the nuts to loosen. If maintenance is not timely, it is very easy to cause the tooth plate to fall off, bringing danger to the passage of vehicles.

[0003] The patent documents retrieved by the applicant include:

[0004] The patent document with application number 202220345151.0 discloses a telescopic device with bolt-free, removable and easily replaceable rubber strips. Its technical solution is as follows: it includes movable comb plates arranged in pairs, and dust-proof steel plates, waterproof rubber strips, and anchoring bars are arranged under the movable comb plates. Lower tensile blocks and U-shaped covered connecting plates are alternately arranged on the anchoring bars. A dovetail groove female head is provided at the upper end of the lower tensile block, an upper tensile block is provided at the bottom of the movable comb plate, and a dovetail groove male head is provided at the lower end of the upper tensile block. The lengths of the upper tensile block, the lower tensile block, and the U-shaped covered connecting plate are matched. The first problem with the above-mentioned existing technology is that a wedge-shaped fastening plate is provided between the dovetail groove female head and the dovetail groove male head, or the top ends of the dovetail groove female head and the dovetail groove male head are narrow and the tail ends are wide, and the dovetail groove female head and the dovetail groove male head gradually increase in size from front to back, so that the dovetail groove female head and the dovetail groove male head are tightly connected, and the tooth plate is welded to the beam plate through the lower anchor steel bar, so the telescopic device cannot adapt to the transverse displacement of the bridge, and when the vehicle passes, the tooth plate still produces a hard collision with the beam plate concrete, causing the beam plate concrete to fall off and be damaged, reducing the service life of the beam plate. The first is poor comfort when vehicles pass through. Second, because the positions of the male and female dovetail grooves are staggered, the female dovetail groove is exposed on the outside of the tooth plate after the tooth plate is pushed. When replacing the waterproof strip, there is a lack of space to push because the tooth plate is spread all along the width of the bridge, making it impossible to complete the replacement work. At the same time, it is also impossible to use the wedge-shaped fastening plate to fasten the male and female dovetail grooves. Third, it can only meet the longitudinal displacement of the bridge caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and cannot achieve transverse, angular, and vertical displacement. When the above displacement occurs, the tooth plate will produce a hard collision with the beam and slab concrete, causing concrete damage and reducing the service life of the bridge.

[0005] The applicant has not found any document identical or similar to the present invention in the domestic patent database. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device and its application in bridge construction, wherein a slider guide rail mechanism is arranged under the tooth plate to adapt to the transverse displacement of the beam body and prevent the tooth plate from loosening, and elastic media and elastic pads are respectively arranged on the adjacent surfaces of the slider and the guide rail and the adjacent surfaces of the guide rail and the working platform to adapt to the angular displacement of the beam body, and the guide rail under the main tooth plate adopts a structure that can be axially rotated in the transverse direction to adapt to the vertical displacement of the beam body.

[0007] The overall technical concept of the present invention is:

[0008] A multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device comprises a main tooth plate and an auxiliary tooth plate whose rear parts are arranged on the beam ends or abutments on both sides of the expansion joint and whose front comb teeth are staggered relative to each other. A working platform is provided on the beam ends or abutments below the rear parts of the main tooth plate and the auxiliary tooth plate so that they can move relative to each other along the same horizontal plane, and a waterproof device is provided in the expansion joint; the main tooth plate and the auxiliary tooth plate are respectively slidably assembled with the corresponding beam ends or abutments through a slider guide rail mechanism arranged along the transverse bridge direction, and an elastic medium is provided between the sliding surfaces adjacent to the top of the slider and the guide rail in the slider guide rail mechanism, and an elastic pad is provided on the adjacent surfaces of the guide rail and the working platform, and the guide rail at the lower part of the main tooth plate comprises a fixed part and a movable part which rotates with the transverse bridge direction as the axis and cooperates with the top of the fixed part.

[0009] Application of multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device in bridge construction.

[0010] The specific technical concepts of the present invention include:

[0011] The main function of the slider guide mechanism is to enable the telescopic device to adapt to the transverse movement of the beam or abutment, and at the same time reduce the hard impact of the tooth plate on the beam concrete when the beam produces vertical displacement and improve the comfort of the vehicle when passing. In order to avoid the loosening of the tooth plate and simplify the product structure, the preferred technical implementation method is that the slider guide mechanism includes a main tooth displacement box and an auxiliary tooth displacement box which are respectively located below the main tooth plate and the auxiliary tooth plate along the transverse direction and fixed to the beam end or the abutment, the second dovetail fixing block is fixed in the auxiliary tooth displacement box and the top protrudes from the upper surface of the auxiliary tooth displacement box, the groove on the lower surface of the rear part of the auxiliary tooth plate is in guide sliding cooperation with the top of the second dovetail fixing block; the fixed part adopts the first dovetail fixing block fixed to the inner cavity of the main tooth displacement box, and the movable part adopts a dovetail sliding bar whose lower part is axially rotated with the upper part of the first dovetail fixing block along the transverse direction, the top of the dovetail sliding bar protrudes from the upper surface of the main tooth displacement box, and the groove on the lower surface of the rear part of the main tooth plate is in guide sliding cooperation with the top of the dovetail sliding bar.

[0012] The primary function of the elastic pad and elastic medium is to enable the telescopic device to adapt to the angular displacement of the beam under pressure, preventing hard collisions between the tooth plate and the beam concrete caused by beam displacement, reducing rigid contact and mechanical damage between adjacent components, further improving vehicle comfort, and achieving self-reset under non-pressure conditions. A preferred technical implementation involves installing elastic pads between the top sides of the main and auxiliary tooth displacement boxes and the lower surface of the work platform; and installing elastic medium between the adjacent surfaces of the auxiliary tooth plate and the top of the second dovetail fixing block, and between the main tooth plate and the top of the dovetail sliding bar.

[0013] In order to ensure flexible coordination between adjacent components, the elastic pad preferably adopts the following technical implementation means, wherein the elastic pad includes a first stainless steel slide bar and a first high-damping rubber pad which are arranged between the top two sides of the main gear displacement box and the working platform and stacked from top to bottom, and a second stainless steel slide bar and a fourth high-damping rubber pad which are arranged between the top two sides of the auxiliary gear displacement box and the working platform and stacked from top to bottom.

[0014] In order to facilitate the production of parts and reduce production costs, the elastic medium is preferably implemented by the following means: the elastic medium includes a second high-damping rubber pad arranged between the auxiliary tooth plate and the top adjacent surface of the second dovetail fixing block, and a third high-damping rubber pad arranged between the main tooth plate and the top adjacent surface of the dovetail sliding bar.

[0015] To facilitate the assembly of the anchor steel bar assembly and the leveling assembly, the preferred technical implementation method is that the lower surfaces of the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box are fixed with anchor steel bar assemblies, and the lower surfaces of the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box are provided with leveling assemblies.

[0016] The main function of the main gear displacement box and the auxiliary gear displacement box is to facilitate the accommodation and assembly of the slider guide mechanism. The preferred structural design is that the main gear displacement box includes a first box body fixed at the beam end or the abutment below the main gear plate along the transverse bridge direction, and the first dovetail fixing block is fixed in the inner cavity of the first box body; the auxiliary gear displacement box includes a second box body fixed at the beam end or the abutment below the auxiliary gear plate along the transverse bridge direction, and the second dovetail fixing block is fixed in the inner cavity of the second box body.

[0017] The main function of the leveling assembly is to facilitate the height adjustment of the main gear displacement box and the auxiliary gear displacement box, thereby meeting the installation height requirements of the main gear plate and the auxiliary gear plate. In order to facilitate flexible adjustment and simplify the structure, the preferred technical implementation method is that the leveling assembly includes a sleeve fixed to the lower surface of the main gear displacement box and the auxiliary gear displacement box, and the adjusting bolt is threadedly assembled with the sleeve.

[0018] In order to facilitate the flexible coordination of the main tooth plate and the auxiliary tooth plate with the guide rail and reduce the wear of parts, the preferred technical implementation method is that the adjacent surfaces of the auxiliary tooth plate and the second dovetail fixed block are provided with a second polymer wear-resistant plate, and the adjacent surfaces of the main tooth plate and the dovetail sliding bar are provided with a first polymer wear-resistant plate.

[0019] The main function of the rotational cooperation between the upper part of the first dovetail fixing block and the lower part of the dovetail sliding bar is to enable the main tooth plate to rotate axially along the transverse bridge direction to adapt to the vertical displacement of the beam body. The upper part of the first dovetail fixing block and the lower part of the dovetail sliding bar are rotationally cooperated through the central axis set along the transverse bridge direction.

[0020] To facilitate installation of the telescopic device and fabrication of its components, the preferred technical implementation is for the primary and secondary tooth plates to be split into separate structures, comprising a main body and an angled plate located at the rear of the main body. A groove is formed between the front end of the angled plate and the rear of the main body, and the angled plate and the main body are secured by a connecting member. The applicant would like to clarify that the connecting member can be implemented in a variety of ways, including but not limited to countersunk bolts, countersunk screws, butterfly buckles, and tenons, without departing from the technical essence of the present invention.

[0021] The application of the multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device in bridge construction includes the following steps:

[0022] A. After the asphalt pavement is paved, cut the asphalt pavement according to the installation position of the expansion joint to form a reserved groove and clean the internal debris;

[0023] B. Place the guide rails in the slider guide mechanism in the reserved grooves on both sides of the expansion joint and adjust them to the installation elevation. Secure the guide rails with the embedded steel bars in the reserved grooves using cross-bars.

[0024] C. Pour concrete mortar containing steel fibers into the reserved grooves on both sides of the guide rails and solidify and cure to form the first-phase concrete. The top surface of the first-phase concrete is adapted to the elastic pads on the guide rails;

[0025] D. Bond the sliding stainless steel plate to the top surface of the first-stage concrete on one side of the auxiliary gear plate. The sliding stainless steel plate and the elastic pad on the guide rail together form a working platform located on the same plane.

[0026] E. Install waterproofing devices in the expansion joints reserved between adjacent beam ends or abutments;

[0027] F. The tooth plate installation steps include the installation of the tooth plate near the side of the guardrail and the middle part, where:

[0028] F1. The installation steps for the toothed plate near the guardrail are as follows: The main and auxiliary toothed plates adopt a split structure. The rear parts of the main and auxiliary toothed plates are respectively aligned along the guide rails. The main and auxiliary toothed plates are moved to the installation position. The angle plates are fixed to the main and auxiliary toothed plates through connecting members to form a slider guide mechanism.

[0029] F2. The installation steps for the middle tooth plate are the same as those for the tooth plate on the side closest to the guardrail. Alternatively, the following method can be used: assemble the grooves on the lower rear surfaces of the main tooth plate and auxiliary tooth plate onto the guide rails to form a slider guide mechanism, and move the main tooth plate and auxiliary tooth plate to the installation position.

[0030] G. After the main tooth plate and auxiliary tooth plate are installed in place, pour concrete mortar and form the second phase concrete after solidification and maintenance.

[0031] In order to facilitate the setting, adjustment and fixation of the guide rails in the slider guide rail mechanism, the following technical implementation method is preferably adopted. Step B is to place the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box into the reserved groove, adjust the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box to the installation elevation, and fix the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box with cross-bars and embedded steel bars in the reserved groove.

[0032] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the installation elevation in step B, the preferred technical implementation means is that the adjustment to the installation elevation in step B is to place the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box of the assembly leveling component and the anchor steel bar component in the reserved groove of the beam and slab, and adjust the leveling component so that the top surface of the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box are at the installation elevation.

[0033] The forming of the first-phase concrete is preferably achieved by the following technical method. Step C is to pour concrete mortar containing steel fibers into the reserved grooves on both sides of the main tooth displacement box and the auxiliary tooth displacement box, and solidify and maintain it to form the first-phase concrete. The top surface of the first-phase concrete is flush with the bottom surface of the first stainless steel slide bar on the top of the main tooth displacement box and the second stainless steel slide bar on the top of the auxiliary tooth displacement box.

[0034] The function of the working platform is to make the main gear plate and the auxiliary gear plate located in the same working plane, thereby improving driving comfort. The preferred technical implementation method is that the step D is to bond the sliding stainless steel plate to the top surface of the first phase concrete located on one side of the auxiliary gear displacement box. The sliding stainless steel plate, the first stainless steel slide bar and the second stainless steel slide bar together form a working platform located in the same plane.

[0035] In step D, epoxy resin mortar is used to bond the sliding stainless steel plate.

[0036] The specific installation steps in step F are as follows:

[0037] F1. Install the tooth plate near the guardrail as follows: The main and auxiliary tooth plates are split. Fit the rear of the main tooth plate along the dovetail slide bar, and the rear of the auxiliary tooth plate onto the second dovetail fixing block. Move the main and auxiliary tooth plates to the installation position, and connect the angle plates to the main and auxiliary tooth plates, respectively.

[0038] F2. The installation steps for the middle tooth plate are the same as those for the tooth plate on the side close to the guardrail; or use the following method: assemble the groove on the rear lower surface of the main tooth plate to the dovetail sliding bar, assemble the groove on the rear lower surface of the auxiliary tooth plate to the second dovetail fixing block, and move the main and auxiliary tooth plates to the installation position.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, terms such as "rear," "both sides," "front," "below," "lower," "above," "top," "upper," "top," "bottom," and "axial" are used to indicate positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. They are intended solely to simplify the description of the present invention and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used solely to describe distinctions and should not be construed to imply importance.

[0040] The substantial features and significant technical advancements of the present invention are:

[0041] 1. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device of the present invention adopts a slider guide rail mechanism under the tooth plate, and elastic media and elastic pads are respectively arranged on the adjacent surfaces of the slider and the guide rail, and the adjacent surfaces of the guide rail and the working platform. In addition, the guide rail under the main tooth plate adopts a structure that can be axially rotated in the transverse bridge direction. It can adapt to the displacement in the longitudinal bridge direction, the transverse bridge direction and the vertical direction, and meet the rotation with the transverse bridge direction as the axial direction. While realizing multi-directional displacement of the telescopic device, it has better driving comfort.

[0042] 2. The main tooth plate and auxiliary tooth plate adopt an integrated and split structure design. First, it meets the needs of standardized production of parts. Second, during construction, a unit-type rapid assembly method can be used to complete the installation of the telescopic devices located in the middle and on both sides, which not only ensures the construction quality but also improves the speed and standardization of construction operations. Third, the design of the connectors in the split structure not only meets the lateral displacement of the bridge, but also serves as a vertical connection, and is easy to install and maintain.

[0043] 3. Since the tooth plate and the tooth plate displacement box are connected by a dovetail groove slider guide mechanism, the lateral displacement of the bridge is met. When the beam or abutment undergoes a large lateral displacement, the lateral force will not be transmitted to the beam plate through the tooth plate and damage the beam or abutment concrete, effectively extending the service life of the beam or abutment.

[0044] 4. The slider guide mechanism adopts the form of dovetail slot slider guide, which effectively solves the problems of bolt loosening and tooth plate falling off caused by vehicle passing in the existing technology.

[0045] 5. The guide rail at the bottom of the main tooth plate includes a fixed portion and a movable portion that rotates in the transverse direction of the bridge and is adapted to fit above the fixed portion. The design incorporates an elastic medium between the slider and the adjacent sliding surface at the top of the guide rail. This allows the main tooth plate to rotate in the transverse direction of the bridge, enabling axial rotation of the telescopic device, improving vehicle driving stability and comfort without vehicle bouncing. Furthermore, when a wheel passes, the tooth plate undergoes vertical displacement due to compression of the elastic medium. This prevents height errors caused by the beam, abutment, and road construction from causing hard collisions between the tooth plate and the beam concrete when a vehicle passes, thereby extending the service life of the beam plate.

[0046] 6. The front ends of the main tooth plate and the auxiliary tooth plate adopt a structural design with comb teeth arranged relatively staggered, which can expand and contract with the thermal expansion and contraction of the beam or abutment, playing the role of displacement along the bridge.

[0047] 7. The structural design of setting an elastic medium between the slider and the sliding surface adjacent to the top of the guide rail reduces the sliding friction to ensure flexible lateral movement when the telescopic device produces lateral relative displacement. On the other hand, it reduces the wear of the matching surface of the slider and the guide rail, reducing the subsequent operation and maintenance costs.

[0048] 8. The structural design of elastic pads is adopted on the adjacent surfaces of the guide rail and the working platform, which can adapt to the vertical and axial displacement of the telescopic device and rebound in time after the vehicle passes, without affecting the safety and comfort of vehicle driving.

[0049] 9. When replacing or overhauling the waterproofing device, the second-phase concrete around the tooth plate near the guardrail is smashed, the connecting components are removed, and the main and auxiliary tooth plates are removed. The main and auxiliary tooth plates of the remaining units can slide freely along the transverse direction of the bridge. Then the waterproofing device is inspected or replaced. After the inspection, the guide rails and tooth plates are reinstalled and the second-phase concrete on the side close to the guardrail is sealed. The entire overhaul and replacement work is completed. Compared with the existing construction and maintenance process that requires the entire section of the reserved groove concrete to be removed for inspection and then sealed with concrete after the inspection is completed, this construction process greatly reduces the construction workload and reduces material and labor costs; secondly, it effectively shortens the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings of the present invention include:

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 1A yes Figure 1 Top view of .

[0053] Figure 2A This is a top view of the main and auxiliary tooth plates axially assembled with the displacement box, leveling components and anchor steel bar components.

[0054] Figure 2B This is a side view of the main and auxiliary tooth plate shafts with the displacement box, leveling components and anchor steel bar components assembled.

[0055] Figure 3 This is the outline drawing of the main gear plate.

[0056] Figure 3A yes Figure 3 Bottom view of .

[0057] Figure 3B yes Figure 3 Left view of .

[0058] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the auxiliary gear plate.

[0059] Figure 4A yes Figure 4 Bottom view of .

[0060] Figure 4B yes Figure 4 Right view of .

[0061] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the main gear plate displacement box.

[0062] Figure 5A yes Figure 4 Bottom view of .

[0063] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the auxiliary gear plate displacement box.

[0064] Figure 6A yes Figure 5 Bottom view of .

[0065] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of step A in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0066] Figure 7A yes Figure 7 Axonometric drawing of .

[0067] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of step B in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0068] Figure 8A yes Figure 8 Axonometric drawing of .

[0069] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of step C in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0070] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of step D in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0071] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of step E in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0072] Figure 11A yes Figure 11 Axonometric drawing of .

[0073] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of step F in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0074] Figure 12A yes Figure 12 Axonometric drawing of .

[0075] Figure 13 It is a structural diagram of step G in the installation of the telescopic device.

[0076] Figure 13A yes Figure 13 Axonometric drawing of .

[0077] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0078] 1. First beam plate; 2. Second beam plate; 3. Main tooth plate; 3A. First angle plate; 3B. Third high-damping rubber pad; 3C. First polymer wear-resistant plate; 3D. First butterfly buckle; 4. Auxiliary tooth plate; 4A. Second angle plate; 4B. Second high-damping rubber pad; 4C. Second polymer wear-resistant plate; 4D. Second butterfly buckle; 5. Main tooth displacement box; 5A. First box body; 5B. Center axis; 5C. First dovetail fixing block; 5D. First high-damping rubber pad; 5E. First stainless steel slide; 5F. Dovetail slide; 6. Auxiliary tooth displacement box; 6A. Second box body; 6B. Second dovetail fixing block; 6C. Second stainless steel slide; 6D. Fourth high-damping rubber pad; 7. Sliding stainless steel plate; 8. Leveling assembly; 9. Anchor steel bar assembly; 10. Waterproofing device; 11. Cross steel bar; 12. First phase concrete; 13. Second phase concrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but does not limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the contents of the claims, and any equivalent technical means made according to the description shall not depart from the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0080] The overall structure of this embodiment is shown in the figure. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device includes a main tooth plate 3 whose rear portion is arranged on the first beam plate 1 on one side of the expansion joint, and the rear portion of the auxiliary tooth plate 4 is arranged on the second beam plate 2 on the other side of the expansion joint. The comb teeth of the main tooth plate 3 and the auxiliary tooth plate 4 are staggered relative to each other. A working platform is provided on the beam end or abutment below the rear of the main tooth plate 3 and the auxiliary tooth plate 4 so that they can move relative to each other along the same horizontal plane. A waterproof device 10 is provided in the expansion joint; the main tooth plate 3 and the auxiliary tooth plate 4 are respectively slidably assembled with the corresponding beam end or abutment through a slider guide mechanism arranged along the transverse bridge direction. An elastic medium is provided between the sliding surface adjacent to the top of the slider and the guide rail in the slider guide mechanism, and an elastic pad is provided on the adjacent surface of the guide rail and the working platform. The guide rail at the lower part of the main tooth plate 3 includes a fixed part and a movable part that rotates with the transverse bridge direction as the axial direction and cooperates with the upper part of the fixed part.

[0081] The slider guide mechanism includes a main tooth displacement box 5 and an auxiliary tooth displacement box 6, which are respectively located below the main tooth plate 3 and the auxiliary tooth plate 4 along the transverse bridge direction and fixed at the beam end or the abutment. The main tooth displacement box 5 includes a first box body 5A fixed at the beam end or the abutment below the main tooth plate 3 along the transverse bridge direction, and the auxiliary tooth displacement box 6 includes a second box body 6A fixed at the beam end or the abutment below the auxiliary tooth plate 4 along the transverse bridge direction.

[0082] The second dovetail fixing block 6B is fixed in the second box body 6A and its top protrudes from the upper surface of the second box body 6A. The groove on the lower surface of the rear part of the auxiliary tooth plate 4 is in sliding cooperation with the guide of the top of the second dovetail fixing block 6B; the fixed part adopts the first dovetail fixing block 5C fixed to the inner cavity of the first box body 5A, and the movable part adopts the dovetail sliding bar 5F whose lower part is axially rotated with the upper part of the first dovetail fixing block 5C along the transverse bridge direction. The top of the dovetail sliding bar 5F protrudes from the upper surface of the first box body 5A, and the groove on the lower surface of the rear part of the main tooth plate 3 is in sliding cooperation with the guide of the top of the dovetail sliding bar 5F.

[0083] The elastic pad includes a first stainless steel slide bar 5E and a first high-damping rubber pad 5D, which are arranged between the top two sides of the main tooth displacement box 5 and the working platform and stacked from top to bottom, and a second stainless steel slide bar 6C and a fourth high-damping rubber pad 6D, which are arranged between the top two sides of the auxiliary tooth displacement box 6 and the working platform and stacked from top to bottom.

[0084] The elastic medium includes a second high-damping rubber pad 4B provided between the auxiliary gear plate 4 and the top adjacent surface of the second dovetail fixing block 6B, and a third high-damping rubber pad 3B provided between the main gear plate 3 and the top adjacent surface of the dovetail sliding bar 5F.

[0085] An anchor steel bar assembly 9 is fixed to the lower surface of the main tooth displacement box 5 and the auxiliary tooth displacement box 6, and a leveling assembly 8 is fixed to the lower surface of the main tooth displacement box 5 and the auxiliary tooth displacement box 6. The leveling assembly 8 includes a sleeve fixed to the lower surface of the main tooth displacement box 5 and the auxiliary tooth displacement box 6, and the adjusting bolt is threadedly assembled with the sleeve.

[0086] Second polymer wear-resistant plates 4C are provided on the adjacent surfaces of the auxiliary tooth plate 4 and the second dovetail fixing block 6B, and first polymer wear-resistant plates 3C are provided on the adjacent surfaces of the main tooth plate 3 and the dovetail sliding bar 5F.

[0087] The upper portion of the first dovetail fixing block 5C and the lower portion of the dovetail sliding bar 5F are rotatably engaged with each other via a central axis 5B arranged along the transverse bridge direction.

[0088] The centrally mounted main and auxiliary tooth plates are integrated, while the main and auxiliary tooth plates 3 and 4 near the guardrail are separate components, comprising a main body and a first angle plate 3A and a second angle plate 4A, respectively, located at the rear of the main body. The front ends of the first and second angle plates 3A and 4A form grooves with the rear portions of the main and auxiliary tooth plates 3 and 4. These plates are secured to the main and auxiliary tooth plates 3 and 4 by connecting members. These connecting members utilize dovetail-shaped first and second butterfly buckles 3D and 4D, a type of connector commonly used for mortise and tenon joints in ancient Chinese furniture, offering excellent fastening reliability.

[0089] The application of the multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device in bridge construction includes the following steps:

[0090] A. After the asphalt pavement is paved, cut the asphalt pavement according to the installation position of the expansion joint to form a reserved groove and clean the internal debris;

[0091] B. Place the main gear displacement box 5 and the auxiliary gear displacement box 6 with the leveling assembly 8 and the anchoring steel bar assembly 9 in the reserved groove of the beam plate, adjust the leveling assembly 8 so that the top surface of the main gear displacement box 5 and the auxiliary gear displacement box 6 are at the installation elevation, and fix the main gear displacement box 5 and the auxiliary gear displacement box 6 to the embedded steel bars in the reserved groove with the cross steel bars 11;

[0092] C. Pour concrete mortar containing steel fibers into the reserved grooves on both sides of the main gear displacement box 5 and the auxiliary gear displacement box 6, and solidify and cure to form a first-stage concrete 12. The top surface of the first-stage concrete 12 is flush with the bottom surface of the first stainless steel slide 5E on the top of the main gear displacement box 5 and the second stainless steel slide 6C on the top of the auxiliary gear displacement box 6;

[0093] D. Use epoxy resin mortar to bond the sliding stainless steel plate 7 to the top surface of the first-stage concrete 12 located on one side of the auxiliary gear displacement box 6. The sliding stainless steel plate 7, the first stainless steel slide 5E, and the second stainless steel slide 6C together form a working platform located on the same plane.

[0094] E. Install waterproofing device 10 in the expansion joints reserved between adjacent beam ends or abutments;

[0095] F. The tooth plate installation steps include the installation of the tooth plate near the side of the guardrail and the middle part, where:

[0096] F1. Install the toothed plate near the guardrail as follows: The main toothed plate 3 and auxiliary toothed plate 4 are split. The rear portion of the main toothed plate 3 is aligned with the dovetail slide 5F, while the rear portion of the auxiliary toothed plate 4 is aligned with the second dovetail fixing block 6B. The main and auxiliary toothed plates 3 and 4 are moved to their installation positions. The first and second angle plates 3A and 4A are fixed to the main and auxiliary toothed plates 3 and 4, respectively, using the first and second butterfly buckles 3D and 4D, respectively.

[0097] F2. Install the middle tooth plate in the same manner as the tooth plate near the guardrail. Alternatively, use the following method: fit the groove on the rear lower surface of the main tooth plate 3 onto the dovetail slide 5F, fit the groove on the rear lower surface of the auxiliary tooth plate 4 onto the second dovetail fixing block 6B, and move the main tooth plate 3 and auxiliary tooth plate 4 to the installation position.

[0098] G. After the main tooth plate 3 and the auxiliary tooth plate 4 are installed in place, concrete mortar is poured and solidified to form the second phase concrete 13.

Claims

1. A multi-directional movable comb plate expansion and contraction device, comprising a main tooth plate (3) and a secondary tooth plate (4) whose rear portions are arranged on beam ends or abutments on both sides of an expansion joint and whose front comb teeth are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other, a working platform is provided on the beam ends or abutments below the rear portions of the main tooth plate (3) and the secondary tooth plate (4) so ​​as to enable them to move relative to each other along the same horizontal plane, and a waterproof device (10) is provided in the expansion joint; and the characteristics are: The main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are respectively assembled with the corresponding beam end or abutment through a slider guide mechanism arranged along the transverse bridge direction. An elastic medium is provided between the sliding surface adjacent to the slider and the top of the guide rail in the slider guide mechanism, and an elastic pad is provided on the adjacent surface of the guide rail and the working platform. The guide rail at the lower part of the main tooth plate (3) includes a fixed part and a movable part that rotates with the transverse bridge direction as the axial direction and cooperates with the upper part of the fixed part; the slider guide mechanism includes a main tooth displacement box (5) and an auxiliary tooth displacement box (6) respectively located below the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) along the transverse bridge direction and fixed to the beam end or the abutment, a leveling component (8) is provided on the lower surface of the main tooth displacement box (5) and the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6), and an anchor steel bar component (9) is fixed to the lower surface of the main tooth displacement box (5) and the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6). The second dovetail fixing block (6B) is fixed to the auxiliary tooth displacement box ( 6) and the top thereof protrudes from the upper surface of the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6); the groove on the lower surface of the rear portion of the auxiliary tooth plate (4) is in sliding cooperation with the top of the second dovetail fixing block (6B); elastic pads are provided between the main tooth displacement box (5) and the top of the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6) and the lower surface of the working platform; the adjacent surfaces of the auxiliary tooth plate (4) and the top of the second dovetail fixing block (6B) and the top of the main tooth plate (3) and the dovetail sliding bar (5F) are provided with elastic medium; the fixed portion adopts the first dovetail fixing block (5C) fixed to the inner cavity of the main tooth displacement box (5); the movable portion adopts the dovetail sliding bar (5F) whose lower portion is in axial rotation cooperation with the upper portion of the first dovetail fixing block (5C) along the transverse bridge direction; the top of the dovetail sliding bar (5F) protrudes from the upper surface of the main tooth displacement box (5); the groove on the lower surface of the rear portion of the main tooth plate (3) is in sliding cooperation with the top of the dovetail sliding bar (5F); The elastic pad comprises a first stainless steel slide bar (5E) and a first high-damping rubber pad (5D) which are arranged between the top two sides of the main gear displacement box (5) and the working platform and are stacked from top to bottom, and a second stainless steel slide bar (6C) and a fourth high-damping rubber pad (6D) which are arranged between the top two sides of the auxiliary gear displacement box (6) and the working platform and are stacked from top to bottom; The elastic medium includes a second high-damping rubber pad (4B) arranged between the auxiliary tooth plate (4) and the top adjacent surface of the second dovetail fixing block (6B), and a third high-damping rubber pad (3B) arranged between the main tooth plate (3) and the top adjacent surface of the dovetail sliding bar (5F).

2. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that The main tooth displacement box (5) includes a first box body (5A) fixed to the beam end or the abutment below the main tooth plate (3) along the transverse bridge direction, and a first dovetail fixing block (5C) fixed in the inner cavity of the first box body (5A); the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6) includes a second box body (6A) fixed to the beam end or the abutment below the auxiliary tooth plate (4) along the transverse bridge direction, and a second dovetail fixing block (6B) fixed in the inner cavity of the second box body (6A).

3. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that The leveling assembly (8) comprises a sleeve fixed to the lower surface of the main gear displacement box (5) and the auxiliary gear displacement box (6), and the adjusting bolt is threadedly assembled with the sleeve.

4. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjacent surfaces on both sides of the auxiliary tooth plate (4) and the second dovetail fixed block (6B) are provided with second polymer wear-resistant plates (4C), and the adjacent surfaces on both sides of the main tooth plate (3) and the dovetail sliding strip (5F) are provided with first polymer wear-resistant plates (3C).

5. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper portion of the first dovetail fixing block (5C) and the lower portion of the dovetail sliding bar (5F) are rotationally matched via a central axis (5B) arranged along the transverse bridge direction.

6. The multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that The main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) adopt a split structure, including a main body and an angle plate located at the rear of the main body, a groove is formed between the front end of the angle plate and the rear of the main body, and the angle plate and the main body are fixed by a connecting member.

7. Application of the multi-directional movable comb plate telescopic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in bridge construction.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The steps include: A. After the asphalt pavement is paved, cut the asphalt pavement according to the installation position of the expansion joint to form a reserved groove and clean the internal debris; B. Place the guide rails in the slider guide mechanism in the reserved grooves on both sides of the expansion joint and adjust them to the installation elevation. Secure the guide rails to the embedded steel bars in the reserved grooves with cross-bars (11); C. pouring concrete mortar containing steel fibers into the reserved grooves on both sides of the guide rail and curing and curing the concrete mortar to form a first-stage concrete (12), wherein the top surface of the first-stage concrete (12) is adapted to the elastic pad on the guide rail; D. Bonding the sliding stainless steel plate (7) to the top surface of the first-stage concrete (12) located on one side of the auxiliary tooth plate (4), the sliding stainless steel plate (7) and the elastic pad on the guide rail together form a working platform located on the same plane; E. Install waterproofing devices (10) in expansion joints reserved between adjacent beam ends or abutments; F. The tooth plate installation steps include the installation of the tooth plate near the side of the guardrail and the middle part, where: F1. The steps for installing the tooth plate near the guardrail are as follows: the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) adopt a split structure, and the rear parts of the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are matched along the guide rail respectively, and the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are moved to the installation position, and the angle plate is fixed to the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) through the connecting member to form a slider guide mechanism; F2. The installation steps of the middle tooth plate are the same as those of the tooth plate on the side close to the guardrail; or the following method is adopted: the grooves on the lower surface of the rear of the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are respectively assembled on the guide rail to form a slider guide mechanism, and the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are moved to the installation position; G. After the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are installed in place, concrete mortar is poured and solidified to form the second phase concrete (13).

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The step B is to place the main gear displacement box (5) and the auxiliary gear displacement box (6) into the reserved groove, adjust the main gear displacement box (5) and the auxiliary gear displacement box (6) to the installation elevation, and fix the main gear displacement box (5) and the auxiliary gear displacement box (6) to the embedded steel bars in the reserved groove with the cross steel bars (11).

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The adjustment to the installation elevation in step B is to place the main tooth displacement box (5) and the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6) of the assembly leveling component (8) and the anchoring steel bar component (9) in the beam plate reserved groove, and adjust the leveling component (8) so that the top surface of the main tooth displacement box (5) and the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6) are at the installation elevation.

11. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The step C is to pour concrete mortar containing steel fibers into the reserved grooves on both sides of the main tooth displacement box (5) and the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6), solidify and cure to form a first-stage concrete (12), wherein the top surface of the first-stage concrete (12) is flush with the bottom surface of the first stainless steel slide bar (5E) on the top of the main tooth displacement box (5) and the bottom surface of the second stainless steel slide bar (6C) on the top of the auxiliary tooth displacement box (6).

12. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The step D is to bond the sliding stainless steel plate (7) to the top surface of the first-stage concrete (12) located on one side of the auxiliary gear displacement box (6), and the sliding stainless steel plate (7), the first stainless steel slide bar (5E) and the second stainless steel slide bar (6C) together form a working platform located on the same plane.

13. The use according to claim 8 or 12, characterized in that In the step D, epoxy resin mortar is used to bond the sliding stainless steel plate (7).

14. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The specific installation steps in step F are as follows: F1. The steps for installing the tooth plate near the guardrail are as follows: the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) adopt a split structure, which is to match the rear part of the main tooth plate (3) body along the dovetail sliding strip (5F), match the rear part of the auxiliary tooth plate (4) body with the second dovetail fixing block (6B), move the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) to the installation position, and connect the angle plate to the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) body respectively; F2. The installation steps of the middle tooth plate are the same as those of the tooth plate on the side close to the guardrail; or the following method is adopted: the groove on the rear lower surface of the main tooth plate (3) is assembled on the dovetail sliding strip (5F), the groove on the rear lower surface of the auxiliary tooth plate (4) is assembled on the second dovetail fixing block (6B), and the main tooth plate (3) and the auxiliary tooth plate (4) are moved to the installation position.

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