Ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease ward

Abstract

The ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease ward of the present application belongs to the technical field of pipeline drainage devices, and comprises a main pipeline, a downpipe, a first ventilation pipeline, a second ventilation pipeline and a sealing mechanism. The downpipe is arranged on one side of the main pipeline, the two ends of the first ventilation pipeline are respectively communicated with the top of the main pipeline and the downpipe, the two ends of the second ventilation pipeline are respectively communicated with the bottom of the main pipeline and the downpipe, and the sealing mechanism is arranged at the connecting node of the top of the downpipe and the first ventilation pipeline. The sealing mechanism is buried in the floor of the ward toilet and communicated with the indoor environment. When the floor of the ward toilet is not flowing with water, the sealing mechanism is closed and blocks the gas circulation between the downpipe, the main pipeline and the indoor environment. When the floor of the ward toilet is flowing with water, the sealing mechanism is opened and the water flows into the main pipeline through the downpipe. The device can prevent odor from flowing back into the ward and polluting the indoor environment, and can prevent the garbage remaining on the ground from entering the pipeline and being blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline drainage devices, specifically a ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease wards. Background Technology

[0002] Infectious diseases are a class of diseases caused by various pathogens that can be transmitted between people, animals, or between humans and animals. Most pathogens are microorganisms, while a small portion are parasites; diseases caused by parasites are called parasitic diseases. Therefore, they require special treatment in hospitals, necessitating the isolation of patients with infectious or suspected infectious diseases from other groups. Isolation wards employ physical measures to isolate patients from others, thereby preventing the spread of pathogens through the air or protecting patients from threats from contaminated air.

[0003] Considering the living space for patients and the need for long-term isolation and observation of suspected patients in wards, additional shower rooms and fresh air systems are usually provided within the wards to prevent the spread of pathogens. However, existing shower room drainage pipes may cause the following problems due to design flaws:

[0004] 1. The problem of duct ventilation cannot be solved. There are often foreign objects at the connection between the duct and the main drainage pipe that are difficult to clean. These foreign objects are usually hair and other debris, combined with bodily fluids that remain in the falling pipes. Over time, this can easily cause a foul odor, which can backflow into the ward and pollute the indoor environment. Moreover, these foreign objects often carry pathogens, which can cause secondary pollution and threaten the patients themselves.

[0005] 2. The pipes are prone to clogging during drainage. Some patients may misuse the drainage system, placing large amounts of excrement inside. Over time, the accumulated debris can clog the pipes. While the existing drainage system uses a basket as a filter plate placed inside the pipe, if the small holes at the bottom of the filter plate become blocked, drainage will stop, requiring manual removal of the filter plate for cleaning. This exposes a problem: when cleaning the filter plate, it's impossible to guarantee that there won't be any remaining debris on the ground. Therefore, when draining, residual debris from the ground can still enter the pipes and cause further blockages. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease wards to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease wards, including a main pipe, a drop pipe, a first ventilation pipe, a second ventilation pipe, and a sealing mechanism. The drop pipe is disposed on one side of the main pipe. The two ends of the first ventilation pipe are respectively connected to the top of the main pipe and the drop pipe. The two ends of the second ventilation pipe are respectively connected to the bottom of the main pipe and the drop pipe. The sealing mechanism is disposed at the connection node between the top of the drop pipe and the first ventilation pipe. The sealing mechanism is buried in the floor of the ward toilet and connected to the room. When there is no water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the sealing mechanism closes and blocks the air flow between the drop pipe and the main pipe and the room. When there is water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the sealing mechanism opens and the water flows through the drop pipe into the main pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes:

[0009] A sealing shell is connected to the drop tube and the first ventilation tube, and an upper cavity is formed on the inner wall of the sealing shell;

[0010] A first baffle is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the sealing shell and divides the sealing shell into an upper shell and a lower shell. The first baffle has a through hole.

[0011] The second baffle is movably disposed between the inner walls of the sealing shell and the first baffle, with one side of the second baffle inserted into the upper cavity. The second baffle has a through hole.

[0012] When there is no water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the through holes of the first baffle and the second baffle are misaligned. When there is water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the through holes of the first baffle and the second baffle correspond to each other.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing shell is inclined, the first baffle is parallel to the bottom plate of the sealing shell, a piston cylinder is provided on the outer wall of the sealing shell on the lower side of the first baffle, a first drainage groove and a second drainage groove are provided on the inner wall of the sealing shell near the piston cylinder, the first drainage groove is connected to the upper shell and the piston cylinder respectively, the second drainage groove is connected to the lower shell and the piston cylinder respectively, a spring is provided in the piston cylinder, a piston is provided in the piston cylinder at the top of the spring and fits against the inner wall of the piston cylinder, a support rod is connected to the top of the piston, and the side of the second baffle away from the upper cavity is supported on the top of the support rod.

[0014] Preferably, a ventilation branch pipe is also provided at the connection between the sealing shell and the first ventilation pipe, and the ventilation branch pipe is connected to the sealing shell and the first ventilation pipe respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the sealing shell is also connected to a bent pipe, and the top of the bent pipe is also connected to a storage box. A spiral bar is installed inside the bent pipe, and an anti-clogging mechanism is installed inside the storage box. When there is water in the bent pipe, the spiral bar rotates, which in turn drives the anti-clogging mechanism to rotate, causing the garbage inside the anti-clogging mechanism to slide out of the anti-clogging mechanism and be stored in the storage box.

[0016] Preferably, the storage box includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged coaxially, and a base plate connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The top of the base plate of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is a waste storage area. The inner cylinder has a discharge port. The anti-clogging mechanism includes:

[0017] The limiting ring is coaxially set on the top of the bottom plate inside the inner cylinder;

[0018] There are multiple third baffles, which are connected at intervals along the circumferential direction of the limiting ring, and an outlet is formed between adjacent third baffles.

[0019] A filter plate is disposed inside a limiting ring, and the filter plate has through holes.

[0020] The rotating rod is coaxially arranged with the filter plate, the limiting ring and the storage box. The bottom end of the rotating rod passes through the bottom plate and extends into the bending tube. The filter plate is sleeved on the top of the rotating rod and can rotate with the rotating rod. The bottom of the rotating rod is engaged with the top of the rotating shaft of the spiral row.

[0021] The extension tube connects its top end to the inside of the storage box and its bottom end to the top of the bent tube.

[0022] Preferably, the limiting rings are two parallel ring structures arranged vertically, and a sliding groove is provided on one side of the two limiting rings. The top and bottom of the third baffle are slidably connected to the sliding groove, and a lever is also connected to the inner wall of the third baffle.

[0023] Preferably, a bracket is also fixedly connected between the inner walls of the limiting ring, the bracket is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod, and the filter plate is supported on the top of the bracket.

[0024] Preferably, the bracket includes a support ring sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod, and a support rod connected between the support ring and the inner wall of the limiting ring.

[0025] Preferably, a diversion box is connected to the bottom of the storage box via a pipe. The diversion box is connected to the top and bottom of the bent pipe via pipes, and the diversion box is also connected to the storage box via a pipe.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the features and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) When water enters the upper shell of the sealing shell, the water flows into the piston cylinder through the first drainage groove. After the piston bears the weight, it lowers the second baffle. The through holes of the first baffle and the second baffle correspond to each other, so that water can be discharged from the upper shell into the lower shell. In addition, when the sealing shell is no longer filled with water, the water flows out through the second drainage groove. The spring drives the piston to reset, the second baffle rises and the through hole of the second baffle is misaligned with the through hole of the first baffle, sealing the inside of the pipe, blocking the flow of gas between the falling pipe and the main pipe and the room, and preventing the odor from flowing back into the ward and polluting the indoor environment.

[0028] (2) This invention incorporates an anti-clogging mechanism. When the storage box becomes clogged, the accumulated water inside the storage box enters the bent pipe through the extension pipe. The water flow drives the spiral to rotate. As the spiral rotates, the gear at the end of the spiral's rotating shaft drives the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod then rotates the filter plate. The garbage on the top of the filter plate abuts against the lever, causing the garbage to slide from the filter plate into the garbage storage area of ​​the storage box. This makes it easier for people to clean the garbage inside the pipe without having to lift the filter plate. At the same time, it keeps the inside of the bent pipe spacious and clean, preventing garbage remaining on the ground from entering the pipe and causing blockages during drainage. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bent tube and storage box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the storage box of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the disassembly and breakdown of the anti-blocking mechanism;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealing mechanism and the anti-blocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal side view of the sealing mechanism and the anti-blocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of section B;

[0037] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of section C;

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 9Enlarged schematic diagram of section D in the middle;

[0039] Figure 11 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the anti-blocking mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Attached diagram labels: 1-Main pipe, 2-First ventilation pipe, 3-Second ventilation pipe, 4-Drop pipe, 5-Sealing shell, 51-Second drainage channel, 52-First drainage channel, 53-First baffle, 54-Second baffle, 55-Piston cylinder, 56-Upper chamber, 6-Ventilation branch pipe, 7-Locking ring, 8-Bent pipe, 9-Storage box, 10-Extension pipe, 11-Water inlet buckle, 12-Diverter box, 13-Filter plate, 14-Bracket, 141-Support ring, 142-Support rod, 15-Base plate, 16-Limiting ring, 17-Third baffle, 18-Toggle lever, 19-Spring, 20-Rotating rod, 21-Piston, 22-Spiral array, 23-Support rod, 24-Slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the technical means, innovative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below.

[0043] The embodiments described herein are specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the concept of the invention, and are illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the implementation or scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can employ other obvious technical solutions based on the content disclosed in the claims and specification of this application. These technical solutions include those that make any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] like Figure 1-3 Figures 6-7 show a ventilation and drainage device for an infectious disease ward, comprising a main pipe 1, a drop pipe 4, a first ventilation pipe 2, a second ventilation pipe 3, and a sealing mechanism. The drop pipe 4 is located on one side of the main pipe 1. The two ends of the first ventilation pipe 2 are connected to the tops of the main pipe 1 and the drop pipe 4, respectively. The two ends of the second ventilation pipe 3 are connected to the bottoms of the main pipe 1 and the drop pipe 4, respectively. The sealing mechanism is located at the connection point between the top of the drop pipe 4 and the first ventilation pipe 2. The sealing mechanism is buried in the floor of the ward toilet and connected to the room. When there is no water flowing on the ward toilet floor, the sealing mechanism closes and blocks the airflow between the drop pipe 4, the main pipe 1, and the room. When there is water flowing on the ward toilet floor, the sealing mechanism opens and the water flows through the drop pipe 4 into the main pipe 1.

[0047] like Figure 8-10 As shown, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing shell 5, a first baffle 53, and a second baffle 54. The sealing shell 5 is connected to the drop pipe 4 and the first ventilation pipe 2. An upper cavity 56 is formed on the inner wall of the sealing shell 5. The first baffle 53 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the sealing shell 5 and divides the sealing shell 5 into an upper shell and a lower shell. A through hole is formed on the first baffle 53. The second baffle 54 is movably disposed between the inner walls of the sealing shell 5 and the first baffle 53, with one side of the second baffle 54 inserted into the upper cavity 56. A through hole is formed on the second baffle 54. When there is no water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the through holes of the first baffle 53 and the second baffle 54 are misaligned. When there is water flowing on the floor of the ward toilet, the through holes of the first baffle 53 and the second baffle 54 correspond to each other.

[0048] In a more preferred embodiment, the sealing shell 5 is inclined, and the first baffle 53 is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the sealing shell 5. The outer wall of the sealing shell 5 on the lower side of the first baffle 53 is provided with a plurality of piston cylinders 55. The inner wall of the sealing shell 5 near the piston cylinders 55 is provided with a plurality of first drainage grooves 52 and second drainage grooves 51. The first drainage grooves 52 are respectively connected to the upper shell and the piston cylinders 55, and the second drainage grooves 51 are respectively connected to the lower shell and the piston cylinders 55. A spring 19 is provided inside the piston cylinder 55. A piston 21 that fits against the inner wall of the piston cylinder 55 is provided inside the piston cylinder 55 at the top of the spring 19. A support rod 23 is connected to the top of the piston 21. The side of the second baffle 54 away from the upper cavity 56 is supported on the top of the support rod 23. When water enters the upper shell of the sealing shell 5, the water flows into the piston cylinder 55 through the first drainage channel 52. The piston 21, under the weight of the water, descends inside the piston cylinder 55. This descent causes the second baffle 54 to disengage from the upper cavity 56. The through holes of the first baffle 53 and the second baffle 54 correspond to each other, allowing the sealing shell 5 to drain water through the overlap of the first and second baffles 53 and 54. When water no longer enters the sealing shell 5, the residual water at the top of the piston 21 is drained into the lower shell of the sealing shell 5 via the second drainage channel 51. This reduces the weight at the top of the piston 21, causing the second baffle 54 to reset and extend its top into the upper cavity 56. At this point, the through holes of the first baffle 53 and the second baffle 54 are misaligned, sealing the sealing shell 5 and preventing air convection within the main pipe 1, the second ventilation pipe 3, and the drop pipe 4, thus preventing air feedback into the room.

[0049] To assist air convection, the present invention also provides a ventilation branch pipe 6 at the connection between the sealing shell 5 and the first ventilation pipe 2. The ventilation branch pipe 6 is connected to the sealing shell 5 and the first ventilation pipe 2 respectively. The ventilation branch pipe 6 is higher than the first ventilation pipe 2 to prevent air from continuously stagnating in the pipe during convection.

[0050] To prevent pipe blockage, this invention also includes a bent pipe 8 connected to the top of the sealing shell 5. A locking ring 7 is installed at one end of the sealing shell 5, and the locking ring 7 is fastened to the end of the bent pipe 8 near the sealing shell 5. A storage box 9 is also connected to the top of the bent pipe 8. A spiral manifold 22 is installed inside the bent pipe 8, and an anti-blocking mechanism is installed inside the storage box 9. The spiral manifold 22 drives the anti-blocking mechanism to rotate and remove debris. When there is water inside the bent pipe 8, the spiral manifold 22 rotates, which in turn drives the anti-blocking mechanism to rotate, causing debris inside the anti-blocking mechanism to slide out and be stored in the storage box 9, facilitating pipe cleaning and freeing up open space at the top of the bent pipe 8.

[0051] like Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figure 12, the storage box 9 includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged coaxially, and a base plate 15 connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The top of the base plate 15 of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is a waste storage area, and the inner cylinder has a discharge port. The top of the storage box 9 is provided with a transparent cover made of transparent glass, which makes it easy to observe whether the waste in the storage box 9 is full, serving as an indicator. The top of the storage box 9 is threaded with a water inlet buckle 11, which can be rotated and removed, making it easy to manually remove the waste inside the storage box 9 for cleaning. The center of the base plate 15 is recessed, and the height of its inner ring is lower than the height of its outer ring.

[0052] The anti-clogging mechanism includes a limiting ring 16, a third baffle 17, a filter plate 13, a rotating rod 20, and an extension tube 10. The limiting ring 16 is coaxially mounted on the top of the bottom plate 15 inside the inner cylinder. Multiple third baffles 17 are spaced apart along the circumference of the limiting ring 16, forming a discharge port between adjacent third baffles 17. The filter plate 13 is disposed within the limiting ring 16 and has through holes. The filter plate 13 has a raised center, which facilitates the sliding of debris from the center of the filter plate 13 to its edge when the rotating rod 20 rotates, and then out through the discharge port. The rotating rod 20 is coaxially arranged with the filter plate 13, the limiting ring 16, and the storage box 9. The bottom end of the rotating rod 20 passes through the bottom plate 15 and extends into the bent tube 8. The filter plate 13 is sleeved on the top of the rotating rod 20 and can rotate with the rotating rod 20. The bottom of the rotating rod 20 is engaged with the top of the rotating shaft of the spiral pack 22. Figure 11 As shown. The top end of the extension tube 10 is connected to the inside of the storage box 9, and the bottom end of the extension tube 10 is connected to the top of the bent tube 8. When there is too much garbage in the storage box 9, the accumulated water will enter the bent tube 8 from the extension tube 10. The water flow will drive the spiral auger 22 to rotate, which will drive the rotating rod 20 to rotate. The rotating rod 20 will drive the filter plate 13 to rotate, and the garbage on the top of the filter plate 13 will be transferred to the garbage storage area of ​​the storage box 9 through the discharge port, making it convenient for people to clean without having to remove the filter plate 13.

[0053] In a more preferred embodiment, the limiting rings 16 are two parallel annular structures arranged vertically. A groove 24 is provided on one side of each limiting ring 16 facing each other. The top and bottom of the third baffle 17 are slidably connected to the groove 24, and a lever 18 is connected to the inner wall of the third baffle 17. When the rotating rod 20 rotates, it drives the filter plate 13 to rotate. The waste on the top of the filter plate 13 touches the lever 18, thereby causing the third baffle 17 to slide within the groove 24. This facilitates the smooth transfer of waste from the top of the filter plate 13 from the discharge port to the waste storage area of ​​the collection box 9.

[0054] In a more preferred embodiment, a bracket 14 is also fixedly connected between the inner walls of the lower limiting ring 16. The bracket 14 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 20, and the filter plate 13 is supported on the top of the bracket 14. The bracket 14 includes a support ring 141 sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 20, and a support rod 142 connected between the support ring 141 and the inner wall of the limiting ring 16.

[0055] Below the storage box 9, a diversion box 12 is connected via a pipe. The diversion box 12 is connected to the top and bottom of the bent pipe 8 via pipes, and is also connected to the storage box 9 via a pipe. The diversion box 12 increases the water flow. When the whole system is not blocked, the water in the storage box 9 enters the diversion box 12 and then flows into the end of the bent pipe 8 near the sealing shell 5, increasing the drainage volume.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease rooms, comprising a main pipe (1), characterized in that Further include the down pipe (4), first ventilation pipe (2), second ventilation pipe (3) and sealing mechanism, the down pipe (4) is arranged in one side of main pipeline (1), the both ends of first ventilation pipe (2) are communicated with main pipeline (1) and the top of down pipe (4) respectively, the both ends of second ventilation pipe (3) are communicated with main pipeline (1) and the bottom of down pipe (4) respectively, the sealing mechanism is arranged in the connecting node of the top of down pipe (4) and first ventilation pipe (2), the sealing mechanism is buried in the bathroom floor and is communicated with indoor, when the bathroom floor has no running water, sealing mechanism closes and blocks down pipe (4) and main pipeline (1) and indoor gas flow communication;When the bathroom floor has running water, sealing mechanism opens and the water flows into main pipeline (1) through down pipe (4); Sealing shell (5) is communicated with the down pipe (4), first ventilation pipe (2), the inner wall of sealing shell (5) is provided with upper cavity (56); First baffle (53) is fixedly connected between the inner wall of sealing shell (5) and separates sealing shell (5) into upper shell and lower shell, the through hole is formed in the first baffle (53); Second baffle (54) is movably arranged between the inner wall of sealing shell (5) and the side of second baffle (54) is clamped into upper cavity (56), the through hole is formed in the second baffle (54); When the bathroom floor has no running water, the through hole of first baffle (53) is misaligned with the through hole of second baffle (54), when the bathroom floor has running water, the through hole of first baffle (53) corresponds to the through hole of second baffle (54); The top of sealing shell (5) is further communicated with the bending pipe (8), the top of bending pipe (8) is further communicated with the receiving box (9), the spiral row (22) is installed in the bending pipe (8), the anti-blocking mechanism is installed in the receiving box (9), when there is water in the bending pipe (8), the spiral row (22) rotates, and then drives the anti-blocking mechanism to rotate, so that the garbage in the anti-blocking mechanism slides out of the anti-blocking mechanism and is stored in the receiving box (9); The receiving box (9) comprises coaxially arranged outer cylinder and inner cylinder, and bottom plate (15) connected to the bottom of outer cylinder and inner cylinder, the top of bottom plate (15) of outer cylinder and inner cylinder is garbage storage area, the discharge port is formed in the inner cylinder, the anti-blocking mechanism comprises: Limiting ring (16) is coaxially arranged on the top of bottom plate (15) in the inner cylinder; Third baffle (17), the number of third baffle (17) is multiple, multiple third baffles (17) are connected on limiting ring (16) along the circumferential direction of limiting ring (16), the discharge port is formed between adjacent third baffles (17); Filter plate (13) is arranged in limiting ring (16), the through hole is formed in the filter plate (13); A rotating rod (20) is coaxially arranged with the filter plate (13), the limiting ring (16) and the storage box (9), the bottom end of the rotating rod (20) penetrates through the bottom plate (15) and extends into the bent pipe (8), the filter plate (13) is sleeved on the top of the rotating rod (20) and can rotate with the rotating rod (20), and the bottom of the rotating rod (20) is engagedly connected with the top of the rotating shaft of the spiral row (22); An extension pipe (10) is internally communicated with the storage box (9) at the top end and communicated with the top of the bent pipe (8) at the bottom end; The limiting ring (16) is provided with two annular structures arranged in parallel, and the opposite sides of the two limiting rings (16) are provided with sliding grooves (24), the top and bottom of the third baffle (17) are respectively slidably connected with the sliding grooves (24), and the inner wall of the third baffle (17) is further connected with a lever (18).

2. The ventilation and drainage device for an infectious disease room according to claim 1, characterized by: The sealing shell (5) is arranged in an inclined manner, the first baffle (53) is arranged in parallel with the bottom plate of the sealing shell (5), the outer wall of the lower side of the first baffle (53) is provided with a piston cylinder (55), the inner wall of the sealing shell (5) close to the piston cylinder (55) is provided with a first drainage groove (52) and a second drainage groove (51), the first drainage groove (52) is respectively communicated with the upper shell and the piston cylinder (55), the second drainage groove (51) is respectively communicated with the lower shell and the piston cylinder (55), the piston cylinder (55) is provided with a spring (19) in the inside, the top of the piston cylinder (55) is provided with a piston (21) abutting against the inner wall of the piston cylinder (55), and the top of the piston (21) is connected with a supporting rod (23).

3. The ventilation and drainage device for an infectious disease room according to claim 1, characterized by: The connecting position of the sealing shell (5) and the first ventilation pipe (2) is further provided with a ventilation branch pipe (6), and the ventilation branch pipe (6) is respectively communicated with the sealing shell (5) and the first ventilation pipe (2).

4. The ventilation and drainage device for an infectious disease room according to claim 1, characterized by: The inner walls of the limiting ring (16) are further fixedly connected with a support (14), the support (14) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (20), and the filter plate (13) is supported on the top of the support (14).

5. The ventilation and drainage device for infectious disease room according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support (14) comprises a supporting ring (141) sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (20) and a supporting rod (142) connected between the supporting ring (141) and the inner walls of the limiting ring (16).

6. The ventilation and drainage device for an infectious disease room according to claim 1, characterized by: The lower part of the storage box (9) is further communicated with a shunt box (12) through a pipeline, the shunt box (12) is communicated with the top and bottom of the bent pipe (8) through a pipeline, and the shunt box (12) is further communicated with the storage box (9) through a pipeline.

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