One-button image measurement device

Abstract

This invention discloses a one-button image measurement device, comprising at least one reducing rod and an image measuring instrument. One end of the reducing rod is provided with a measuring contact portion for contacting the measurement point of the workpiece to be measured, and the other end is the measured end of the reducing rod. The projection length from the measuring contact portion to the measured end on the line connecting the two measurement points is the reducing length of the reducing rod. The image measuring instrument obtains the measured size of the workpiece by measuring the distance between the projections of the measured ends of the two opposite reducing rods on the line connecting the two measurement points, or by measuring the distance between the projection of the measured ends of the reducing rods on the line connecting the two measurement points and the opposite measurement points. The reducing length of the reducing rod is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument. The size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of each reducing rod plus the size measured by the image measuring instrument. This patent can measure the measured distance with high precision at high resolution, improve measurement accuracy, and enable rapid measurement of workpieces in large batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a size measuring device, and more particularly to a one-button image measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of modern science and technology, the requirements for workpiece processing and measurement in fields such as automobiles, aerospace, and machinery are becoming increasingly stringent, necessitating precise measurement of workpiece dimensions.

[0003] Currently, workers manually measure the dimensions of workpieces using measuring tools such as vernier calipers. Vernier calipers have accuracies of 0.1mm, 0.05mm, and 0.02mm, which are relatively low. Two-dimensional image measuring instruments are available on the market for scanning and measuring workpieces. The measurement accuracy of two-dimensional image measuring instruments is higher than that of measurements using vernier calipers. For example, patent publication number CN1523323A discloses a method for measuring the length of a substance using an electron microscope, which includes the following steps: a. calibrating the electron microscope; b. capturing an image of the substance being measured using the electron microscope; c. measuring the image of the substance being measured; d. calculating the length value L of the substance being measured.

[0004] A 2D image measuring instrument is a precision measuring device composed of an optical lens, a photosensitive device (CCD or CMOS), measuring software, and a precision displacement stage. The precision displacement stage is expensive and typically operated manually, resulting in low measurement efficiency. Based on this, a one-button image measuring instrument was developed, which uses a telecentric lens to shrink the workpiece and eliminates the need for a precision displacement stage, achieving extremely high measurement efficiency. However, this brings two problems: 1. Telecentric lenses are expensive; 2. Resolution is reduced due to the size limitation of the photosensitive device. For example, a commonly used 1.8-inch 4-megapixel CCD has a size of 7.718 x 5.319 pixels, with each pixel approximately 3 x 3 micrometers. To inspect a 50mm workpiece, the workpiece needs to be shrunk to within the CCD's size range, approximately seven times smaller. The resolution at this size is 3 x 7 = 21 micrometers. To improve resolution, the CCD size must be increased while the individual pixel size is decreased, significantly increasing costs. One-click image measuring instruments achieve rapid measurement and high repeatability, but this comes at the cost of increased size (telecentric lens), higher cost (lens and photosensitive device), and reduced measurement accuracy. In precision machining, the required measurement accuracy is typically at the micrometer and sub-micrometer level. To achieve this accuracy, the resolution must be less than 0.5 micrometers. This means that a 3-micrometer pixel size requires a 6x magnification of the workpiece. However, with a 6x magnification, a 7.7mm photosensitive element can only meet the one-click measurement requirement of approximately 1.2mm. Therefore, existing one-click image measuring instruments have a resolution of around 10 micrometers, and the measured workpiece size is generally less than 130mm. For the high-volume micrometer-level precision inspection needs in machining, and for the low-cost, high-accuracy, small-size, and general workpiece-size (from a few millimeters to several hundred millimeters) requirements on machine tools, existing one-click image measuring systems simply cannot meet these needs.

[0005] Mechanical parts requiring precision ranging from micrometers to submicrometers and with dimensions ranging from a few millimeters to hundreds of millimeters are very common, resulting in numerous corresponding inspection needs, especially for in-situ and online inspection of machine tools. These require speed and ease of use, making one-click image measurement ideal. However, due to resolution limitations, as well as the large size and high cost of one-click image measuring instruments, their application has been limited. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, such as the inability to measure large-sized workpieces with high precision in large batches, the present invention provides a one-click image measurement device for measuring the size of workpieces with high precision, which can measure the size of large-sized workpieces in large batches.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem is as follows: a one-button image measuring device for measuring the dimension between two test points of a workpiece, characterized in that it includes at least one reducing rod and an image measuring instrument. One end of the reducing rod is provided with a measuring contact part for contacting the test point of the workpiece, and the other end is the measured end of the reducing rod. The projection length from the measuring contact part to the measured end on the line connecting the two test points is the reducing length of the reducing rod. The image measuring instrument obtains the measured dimension of the workpiece by measuring the distance between the projections of the measured ends of the two opposite reducing rods on the line connecting the two test points, or by measuring the distance between the projection of the measured ends of the reducing rods on the line connecting the two test points and the opposite test points. The reducing length of the reducing rod is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

[0008] The image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving magnified images. The photosensitive element is composed of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument. The measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The sum of the reduction lengths of each reduction rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range. The size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of each reduction rod plus the size measured by the image measuring instrument.

[0009] Another topic: A one-button image measuring device for measuring the dimension between two test points on a workpiece. It is characterized by comprising a base, an image measuring instrument, and a linear guide rail. The linear guide rail is mounted on the base and can move relative to the base in the Y-axis direction. The base is equipped with clamping components for fixing the workpiece. The linear guide rail is equipped with a mounting frame, on which two reducing rods with standard reducing lengths are mounted. The two reducing rods are parallel to each other on the same measuring plane and can move relative to the linear guide rail in the X-axis direction. One end of each reducing rod has a measuring contact portion for contacting the test point on the workpiece, and the other end is the measured end of the reducing rod. The measured ends of the two reducing rods are positioned opposite each other and simultaneously fall on the image. Within the measuring range of the measuring instrument, there is a gap between the opposite measured ends of the two reducing rods. The image measuring instrument is used to measure the width of this gap. The image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image. The photosensitive element consists of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument. The measuring range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measuring range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The sum of the reducing lengths of each reducing rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measuring range.

[0010] The linear guide is advanced along the Y-axis, allowing the two reducing rods to enter the workpiece to be measured. The two reducing rods open and close along the X-axis and clamp onto the workpiece. The measuring contact parts of the two reducing rods contact the measuring points on both sides of the workpiece. The image measuring instrument measures the width of the gap. The size of the workpiece is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods plus the width of the gap. The reducing length of the reducing rods is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: two reducing rods are connected to an elastic element, and the elastic force of the elastic element acts on the reducing rods, causing the two reducing rods to move synchronously to both sides to open or to move synchronously to the center to move closer. The measuring contact parts of the two reducing rods respectively contact the test points on both sides of the workpiece to be tested.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the two reducing rods and the workpiece to be measured are made of the same material.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the measured end of the reducing rod is provided with a mark for identification by the image measuring instrument.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the measuring contact portion of the reducing rod is provided with a guide surface. When the linear guide rail is pushed along the Y-axis, the workpiece to be measured pushes the reducing rod to move in the X-axis direction along the guide surface, so that the reducing rod enters the workpiece to be measured.

[0015] Another topic: A one-button image measuring device for measuring the dimension between two test points on a workpiece. It is characterized by comprising a base, an image measuring instrument, and a linear guide rail. The linear guide rail is mounted on the base and can move relative to the base in the Y-axis direction. The base is equipped with clamping components for fixing the workpiece. A mounting bracket is provided on the linear guide rail, and a reducing rod with a standard reducing length is mounted on the mounting bracket. The reducing rod can move relative to the linear guide rail in the X-axis direction. One end of the reducing rod has a measuring contact portion for contacting the test point on the workpiece, and the other end is a reducing rod. The measuring end of the rod includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image. The photosensitive element consists of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument. The measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The reduction length of the reducing rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range.

[0016] The linear guide is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the reducing rod to enter the workpiece to be measured. The reducing rod moves along the X-axis and makes the measuring contact part contact the measuring point on one side of the workpiece. There is a gap between the measured end of the reducing rod and the measuring point on the other side of the workpiece, and the measured end of the reducing rod and the measuring point on the other side of the workpiece simultaneously fall within the measurement range of the image measuring instrument. The image measuring instrument measures the width of the gap. The size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod plus or minus the width of the gap. The reducing length of the reducing rod is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

[0017] Another topic: A one-button image measuring device for measuring the dimension between two measurement points on a workpiece. Its features include a base, an image measuring instrument, and a linear guide rail. The linear guide rail is mounted on the base and can move relative to the base in the Y-axis direction. The base has clamping components for fixing the workpiece. Two connecting rods are rotatably connected to the linear guide rail. Each connecting rod has a reducing rod with a standard reducing length fixed to it. The reducing rods can rotate in the XY-axis plane, and the two reducing rods are on the same measuring plane. One end of each reducing rod has a measuring contact portion for contacting the measurement point on the workpiece, and the other end... The image measuring instrument, used as the measuring end of the reducing rod, includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image. The photosensitive element consists of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument. The measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The sum of the reducing lengths of all reducing rods is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range.

[0018] The linear guide rail is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the two reducing rods to enter the workpiece to be measured. The two reducing rods rotate in the XY-axis plane and clamp onto the workpiece. The measuring contact parts of the two reducing rods contact the measuring points on both sides of the workpiece. The measured ends of the two reducing rods are opposite each other and simultaneously fall within the measurement range of the image measuring instrument. There is a gap between the opposite measured ends of the two reducing rods. The image measuring instrument measures the width of the gap. The size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods plus the width of the gap. The reducing length of the reducing rods is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

[0019] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: two reducing rods are connected to an elastic element, and the elastic force of the elastic element acts on the reducing rods, causing the two reducing rods to rotate synchronously to both sides or synchronously to the middle, and the measuring contact parts of the two reducing rods respectively contact the test points on both sides of the workpiece to be measured.

[0020] Another topic: A one-button image measuring device for measuring the dimension between two test points on a workpiece. It is characterized by comprising a base, an image measuring instrument, and a linear guide rail. The linear guide rail is mounted on the base and can move relative to the base in the Y-axis direction. The base is equipped with clamping components for fixing the workpiece. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the linear guide rail, and a reducing rod with a standard reducing length is fixed to the connecting rod. The reducing rod can rotate in the XY-axis plane. One end of the reducing rod has a measuring contact portion for contacting the test point on the workpiece, and the other end is the retaining element of the reducing rod. The measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image. The photosensitive element consists of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the measuring instrument. The measuring range of the measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard dimension of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measuring range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The reduction length of the reducing rod is equal to the maximum standard dimension of the workpiece to be measured minus the measuring range.

[0021] The linear guide is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the reducing rod to enter the workpiece to be measured. The reducing rod rotates in the XY-axis plane, and the measuring contact part contacts the measurement point on one side of the workpiece. There is a gap between the measured end of the reducing rod and the measurement point on the other side of the workpiece, and the measured end of the reducing rod and the measurement point on the other side of the workpiece simultaneously fall within the measurement range of the image measuring instrument. The image measuring instrument measures the width of the gap. The size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod plus or minus the width of the gap. The reduction length of the reducing rod is used as a compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that by setting a reduction rod to compensate for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument, the reduction length of the reduction rod serves as the compensation amount for the measurement range of the image measuring instrument, so that the image measuring instrument only needs to measure the part of the workpiece that exceeds the reduction length of the reduction rod, thus shortening the length that needs to be measured on the workpiece and enabling the image measuring instrument to be used to measure large-sized workpieces.

[0023] Furthermore, the image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image. The photosensitive element consists of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument. The measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens. The sum of the reduction lengths of each reduction rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range. This ensures that the resolution of the image measuring instrument will not decrease while meeting the requirements of the measured distance size, thus guaranteeing measurement accuracy. Moreover, it does not require an excessively large photosensitive element, saving costs and enabling rapid measurement of workpieces in large batches. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, unless specifically indicated, the drawings are only schematic representations of the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated depictions, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the inner hole in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the state of the measuring device for measuring internal holes in Example 1 when measuring internal holes.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reducing rod measuring the inner hole in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 1 when it measures the outer edge.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reducing rod during the measurement of its outer edge in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the inner hole in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the measuring device for measuring internal holes in Example 2 when measuring internal holes;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reducing rod measuring the inner hole in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 11 The sectioning state of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 2 when measuring the outer edge. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 2, mounted on a mounting frame.

[0037] Figure 13 The sectioning state of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 2 when measuring the outer edge. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the inner hole in Example 3;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a state diagram of the measuring device for measuring internal holes in Example 3 when measuring internal holes;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reducing rod measuring the inner hole in Example 3;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 3;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 3, when measuring the outer edge.

[0043] Figure 19 for Figure 18 Enlarged view of a portion at point A;

[0044] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the inner hole in Example 4;

[0045] Figure 21 This is a state diagram of the measuring device for measuring internal holes in Example 4 when measuring internal holes;

[0046] Figure 22 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reducing rod measuring the inner hole in Example 4;

[0047] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge in Example 4;

[0048] Figure 24 Example 4: A cross-sectional view of the measuring device for measuring the outer edge when measuring the outer edge;

[0049] Figure 25 for Figure 24 A magnified view of section B;

[0050] Figure 26 This is a partial cross-sectional view of Example 4 when the reduction length of the reducing rod is greater than the size of the workpiece to be measured;

[0051] Figure 27 A diagram showing the relationship between the image received by the photosensitive element and the image magnified by the optical magnifying lens.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Fixture; 3. Clamping component; 4. Workpiece to be measured; 5. Fixed guide rail; 6. Linear guide rail; 7. Image measuring instrument; 8. Mounting bracket; 9. Reduction rod; 10. Inner hole; 11. Clearance; 12. Slot; 13. Elastic element; 14. Movable window; 15. Movable block; 16. Measuring contact part; 17. Point to be measured; 18. Guide surface; 19. Sleeve rod; 20. Measuring horizontal line; 21. First vertical rod; 22. First 23. Horizontal bar; 24. Second vertical bar; 25. Through hole; 26. First slider; 27. First slide groove; 28. Second horizontal bar; 29. ​​Third vertical bar; 30. Second slider; 31. Second slide groove; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Fixed shaft; 34. Limiting block; 35. Fourth vertical bar; 36. Third horizontal bar; 37. Fifth vertical bar; 38. Fourth horizontal bar; 39. Measured end; 40. Optical magnifying lens; 41. Photosensitive element; 42. Measurement range. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these descriptions are merely descriptive and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0054] It should be noted that similar labels in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A one-button image measuring device is used to measure the dimension between two measurement points 17 of a workpiece 4. It includes at least one reducing rod 9 and an image measuring instrument 7. One end of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a measuring contact part 16 for contacting the measurement point 17 of the workpiece 4, and the other end is the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9. The projection length of the measuring contact part 16 to the measured end 38 on the line connecting the two measurement points 17 is the reducing length of the reducing rod 9. The image measuring instrument 7 obtains the measured dimension of the workpiece 4 by measuring the distance between the projections of the measured ends 38 of the two opposite reducing rods 9 on the line connecting the two measurement points 17, or by measuring the distance between the projection of the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 on the line connecting the two measurement points 17 and the opposite measurement point 17. The reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is used as the compensation amount of the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7.

[0057] The image measuring instrument 7 includes an optical magnifying lens 39 and a photosensitive element 40 for receiving magnified images. The photosensitive element 40 is composed of several pixels. The magnification of the optical magnifying lens 39 is equal to the size of a single pixel in the photosensitive element 40 divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The size of the photosensitive element 40 is not less than the product of the measurement range 41 and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens 39. The sum of the reduction lengths of each reduction rod 9 is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece 4 to be measured minus the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of each reduction rod 9 plus the size measured by the image measuring instrument 7.

[0058] The graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument 7 is the smallest value that the measuring instrument can read, that is, the size of the basic unit of measurement within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The graduation value of the image measuring instrument 7 is smaller than the minimum unit size of the machining accuracy of the workpiece 4 to be measured, which is the accuracy requirement to be achieved when machining the workpiece 4. This ensures accurate measurement of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0059] The size and length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element 40 are constant. The graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument 7 can be selected according to the minimum unit size of the machining accuracy of the workpiece 4 to be measured. Then, the magnification of the required optical magnifying lens 39 is calculated based on the graduation value measured by the selected image measuring instrument 7 and the size and length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element 40.

[0060] The positive and negative deviation values ​​of the standard size of the workpiece 4 to be tested are the dimensional tolerance values ​​of the workpiece 4 to be tested. The size of the photosensitive element 40 is the size range of the photosensitive element 40 used to receive the magnified image. The maximum standard size of the workpiece 4 to be tested is the standard size plus the tolerance value.

[0061] For example, let the standard size of the workpiece 4 to be measured be 100±0.2mm, where ±0.2 is the positive and negative deviation of the standard size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. Let the required accuracy of the workpiece 4 to be measured be 0.2μm. Then, the graduation value of the image measuring instrument 7 can be set to 0.1μm. Let the length of a single pixel of the photosensitive element 40 in the image measuring instrument 7 be 2μm. Then, the magnification of the optical magnifying lens 39 of the image measuring instrument 7 is 2÷0.1=20 times. This ensures that the minimum value that the image measuring instrument 7 can measure is equal to the basic size of a pixel in the photosensitive element 40 after being magnified by the optical magnifying lens 39, thus guaranteeing the measurement accuracy of the image measuring instrument 7.

[0062] The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is not less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the positive and negative deviations of the workpiece 4 to be measured are ±0.2mm, the sum of the absolute values ​​of the positive and negative deviations of the standard dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured is 0.4mm. The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is not less than 0.4mm. Let the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 be 0.4mm.

[0063] Figure 27 As shown, the size of the photosensitive element 40 is not less than the product of the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens 39. Since the magnification of the optical magnifying lens 39 is 20x, the size of the photosensitive element 40 is not less than 20 × 0.4 = 8 mm, ensuring that the photosensitive element 40 can fully receive the image magnified by the optical magnifying lens 39. This ensures that the image measuring instrument 7 meets the measurement requirements without reducing its resolution, maintaining measurement accuracy.

[0064] The sum of the reduction lengths of each reducing rod 9 is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece 4 minus the measurement range 41. The maximum standard size of the workpiece 4 is 100.2 mm, and the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is 0.4 mm. Therefore, the sum of the reduction lengths of each reducing rod 9 is 100.2 - 0.4 = 99.8 mm. Using the maximum standard size of the workpiece 4 for calculation is to accommodate all deviations of the workpiece.

[0065] The size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of each reducing rod 9 plus the size measured by the image measuring instrument 7. Since the size of the workpiece 4 varies between 100±0.2mm, the part of the workpiece 4 that exceeds the total reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is always within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 can meet the measurement of different size deviations of the workpiece 4.

[0066] One or more reducing rods 9 can be manufactured based on the calculated total reduction length value of the reducing rods 9. For example, when manufacturing one reducing rod 9, the measuring contact part 16 at one end of the reducing rod 9 contacts the measuring point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and there is a gap 11 between the measured end 38 at the other end and the measuring point 17 on the other side of the workpiece 4 to be measured. This gap 11 is the measured distance, which is not greater than the measuring range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the measured distance and adds the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 to the measured distance. The dimension is the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. For example, two reducing rods 9 are made, the two reducing rods 9 are set in parallel, and the two measured ends 38 are opposite each other. The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 are respectively in contact with the measured points 17 on both sides of the workpiece 4 to be measured. There is a gap 11 between the two measured ends 38. The gap 11 is the measured distance. The measured distance is not greater than the measuring range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the measured distance. The size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is the sum of the reduction lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the measured distance.

[0067] Using the standard reduction length of the reduction rod 9 as the compensation amount for measurement, the image measuring instrument 7 measures the distance to be measured by magnifying the measured position, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. This patent enables the image measuring instrument 7 to measure the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured with high precision, and can also perform large-scale and rapid measurements.

[0068] The specific structure is as follows: preferably, it includes a base 1, an image measuring instrument 7, and a linear guide rail 6.

[0069] The linear guide rail 6 is mounted on the base 1 and can move relative to the base 1 in the Y-axis direction. A fixed guide rail 5, oriented along the Y-axis, is fixed on the base 1. The linear guide rail 6 is fitted onto the fixed guide rail 5 and can slide along it. Preferably, the fixed guide rail 5 is a T-shaped guide rail, and the linear guide rail 6 has a T-shaped groove that matches the shape of the T-shaped guide rail. The linear guide rail 6 is fitted onto the fixed guide rail 5 through the T-shaped groove, and is limited to sliding only along the fixed guide rail 5 in the Y-axis direction. This sliding structure between the linear guide rail 6 and the fixed guide rail 5 is a conventional structure in the field.

[0070] The linear guide 6 can be moved in the Y-axis direction by manual pushing. Preferably, the linear guide 6 can also be driven to move in the Y-axis direction by a displacement drive mechanism. The displacement drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a lead screw, and a nut. The drive motor is fixed on the base 1, the lead screw is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor, and the nut is fixed on the linear guide 6 and threaded onto the lead screw. When the drive motor starts, the lead screw rotates and drives the linear guide 6 to move in the Y-axis direction. Preferably, the drive motor is a servo motor, which can drive the lead screw to rotate forward and reverse.

[0071] The linear guide 6 is provided with a mounting bracket 8, on which two reducing rods 9 with standard reducing lengths are mounted. The two reducing rods 9 are parallel to each other on the same measuring plane. The two reducing rods 9 can move relative to the linear guide 6 in the X-axis direction. One end of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a measuring contact part 16 for contacting the measuring point 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The other end of the reducing rod 9 is the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9. The measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other.

[0072] A gap 11 is provided between the opposing measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9. Preferably, the maximum width of the gap 11 is maintained between 0.1 mm and 5 mm. The gap 11 is the distance between the opposing measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 in the X-axis direction.

[0073] The field of view of the image measuring instrument 7 is 0.1mm-5mm. The image measuring instrument 7 is an existing optical measuring instrument on the market, such as a measuring microscope of the brand Keyence, with a repeatability of ±0.1μm, or a 15je digital display measuring microscope, with an accuracy of (5±d / 15)μm, where d is the length being measured and the unit of d is mm.

[0074] Preferably, the image measuring instrument 7 is fixedly mounted on the linear guide rail 6, and the lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is facing the opposite measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9. The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is greater than the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9, and the measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 simultaneously fall within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 is used to measure the width value of the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9.

[0075] The base 1 is equipped with a clamping component 3 for fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured. Specifically, a fixing frame 2 is fixed on the base 1, and the clamping component 3 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 2. The clamping component 3 and the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction. The clamping component 3 is a conventional fixture used in the market for clamping and fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured, such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck, or a five-jaw chuck. The clamping center of the clamping component 3 is positioned along the Y-axis direction.

[0076] The workpiece 4 to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping component 3.

[0077] The measuring device can measure the outer edge dimensions or the inner hole dimensions 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0078] Figures 1-3As shown, when the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, both reducing rods 9 are straight rods. The reducing rods 9 are arranged along the X-axis. One end of the reducing rod 9 has a slot 12, and the other end of the reducing rod 9 is a measuring contact part 16. A sleeve rod 19 is fixed on the mounting bracket 8. The sleeve rod 19 is arranged along the X-axis. The two reducing rods 9 are respectively fitted onto the left and right ends of the sleeve rod 19 through the slot 12. The reducing rods 9 can slide along the sleeve rod 19 in the X-axis. The measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 with slots 12 are arranged opposite each other, and there is the aforementioned gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9.

[0079] In addition, the two reducing rods 9 can be manually adjusted to move along the X-axis on the sleeve 19. When the reducing rods 9 are moved to the desired position, the reducing rods 9 can be fixed relative to the sleeve 19 by the friction between them.

[0080] Alternatively, in the most preferred embodiment, the two reducing rods 9 are connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rods 9, causing the two reducing rods 9 to move synchronously to both sides to open. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring, and each of the slots 12 of the two reducing rods 9 is provided with a spring. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the slot 12, and the other end of the spring abuts against one end of the sleeve rod 19. The elastic force of the spring acts on the reducing rods 9, driving the reducing rods 9 to move outward, so that the two reducing rods 9 can move synchronously to both sides to open.

[0081] To prevent the reducing rod 9 from detaching from the sleeve rod 19, a limiting structure is provided between the sleeve rod 19 and the reducing rod 9 to restrict the maximum outward movement distance of the reducing rod 9. Preferably, the outer wall of the reducing rod 9 has a movable window 14 communicating with the slot 12. A movable block 15 located inside the movable window 14 is detachably connected to the sleeve rod 19 by screws. The movable window 14 has space for the movable block 15 to move relative to each other in the X-axis direction. When the spring pushes the reducing rod 9 outward, the movable block 15 on the sleeve rod 19 can abut against the inner wall of the movable window 14 to restrict the reducing rod 9 from detaching from the sleeve rod 19. Furthermore, the spring acts on the reducing rod 9, causing the movable block 15 to press against one side of the inner wall of the movable window 14. The movement of the movable block 15 within the movable window 14 also restricts the range of left and right movement of the reducing rod 9 in the X-axis direction.

[0082] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the two reducing rods 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 enter the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 open to both sides in the X-axis direction and clamp onto the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 contact the measurement points 17 on both sides of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9 is measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11. Since the reducing length of the two reducing rods 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measurement points 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0083] In addition, to accommodate the tolerance of the machining dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is slightly larger than the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the reducing rods 9 are provided with guide surfaces 18. Preferably, the measuring contact parts 16 are hemispherical. When the linear guide rail 6 is pushed along the Y-axis, the two reducing rods 9 touch the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the two reducing rods 9 to move towards the middle along the guide surface 18, so that the two reducing rods 9 can enter the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The spring is compressed and stores force. The elastic force of the spring presses the two reducing rods 9 onto the measurement points 17 on both sides of the inner hole 10, so that the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 respectively contact the measurement points 17 on both sides to measure the dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the two reducing rods 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0084] Figures 4-6 As shown, when the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 includes a first horizontal rod 22, a first vertical rod 21, and a second vertical rod 23. The first vertical rod 21 and the second vertical rod 23 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first horizontal rod 22. The first horizontal rod 22 is arranged along the X-axis direction, and the first vertical rod 21 and the second vertical rod 23 are both arranged along the Y-axis direction. A sleeve rod 19 is fixed on the mounting bracket 8. The sleeve rod 19 is a square rod and is arranged along the X-axis direction. The first vertical rod 21 is provided with a square through-hole that matches the shape of the sleeve rod 19. The reducing rod 9 is sleeved onto the sleeve rod 19 through the through hole 24 and can move along the sleeve rod 19 in the X-axis direction. The first longitudinal rods 21 at one end of the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other, and there is a gap 11 between the two first longitudinal rods 21. The opposite end faces of the first longitudinal rods 21 are the measured ends 38. The second longitudinal rods 23 at the other end of the two reducing rods 9 are provided with measuring contact parts 16. The two reducing rods 9 are combined to form a clamp for clamping on the outer walls of both sides of the workpiece 4 to be measured. There is space between the two second longitudinal rods 23 for the workpiece 4 to be measured to enter. The square sleeve rod 19 and the square through hole 24 cooperate to prevent the reducing rod 9 from rotating around the sleeve rod 19. The reducing rod 9 can only move in the X-axis direction.

[0085] In addition, the two reducing rods 9 can be manually adjusted to move along the X-axis on the sleeve 19. When the reducing rods 9 are moved to the desired position, the reducing rods 9 can be fixed relative to the sleeve 19 by the friction between them.

[0086] Alternatively, in the most preferred embodiment, the two reducing rods 9 are connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rods 9, causing the two reducing rods 9 to move synchronously toward the center. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring. Springs are provided on the outer sides of the two first longitudinal rods 21. The two springs are sleeved on the sleeve rod 19. One end of the spring abuts against the mounting bracket 8, and the other end of the spring abuts against the first longitudinal rod 21. The springs drive the reducing rods 9 to move toward the center, so that the two reducing rods 9 have a tendency to clamp together toward the center.

[0087] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the two reducing rods 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 enter the workpiece 4 and move towards the center along the X-axis, clamping onto the workpiece 4. The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 contact the measurement points 17 on the outer walls of both sides of the workpiece 4. The gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9 is measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11. Since the reduction length of the two reducing rods 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measurement points 17 on the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0088] In addition, in order to accommodate the tolerance of the machining dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is slightly smaller than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the reducing rods 9 are provided with guide surfaces 18. Preferably, the measuring contact parts 16 are triangular or conical. When the linear guide rail 6 and the two reducing rods 9 are pushed along the Y-axis, the two reducing rods 9 touch the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the two reducing rods 9 to move to both sides and open along the guide surfaces 18, so that the two reducing rods 9 can enter the workpiece 4 to be measured. The spring is compressed and stores force. The elastic force of the spring presses the two reducing rods 9 onto the measurement points 17 on the outer walls on both sides, so that the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 respectively contact the measurement points 17 on both sides for measuring the dimensions of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surfaces 18 facilitate the entry of the two reducing rods 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0089] The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 are respectively clamped on the measuring points 17 on both sides of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width of the gap 11. Let the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured be L, the reducing length of the reducing rods 9 be L1, and the width of the gap 11 be L2. Since the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods 9 are the same, then L = L1 × 2 + L2. Since the length of the reducing rods 9 is a known constant, when the image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9, the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured can be calculated. The reducing length of the reducing rods 9 is equal to the distance between the measuring contact part 16 and the measured end 38 in the X-axis direction.

[0090] Preferably, the two reducing rods 9 and the workpiece 4 to be measured are made of the same material to prevent the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two reducing rods 9 and the workpiece 4 from causing additional errors.

[0091] Preferably, the measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 can be marked for identification by the image measuring instrument 7, such as marking colors or markers, to facilitate identification and measurement by the image measuring instrument 7.

[0092] The image measuring instrument 7 can be connected to the controller. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9 and transmits the signal to the controller. The controller calculates the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured using the above formula.

[0093] In addition, this structure can be applied to CNC machine tools. The image measuring instrument 7 is electrically connected to the CNC system of the CNC machine tool, and the measurement data of the image measuring instrument 7 is transmitted to the CNC system as a dimension in-situ or online detection device for the CNC machine tool.

[0094] The one-click image measurement device can measure circular structures as well as other shapes, such as square, trapezoidal, elliptical, and irregular structures.

[0095] When measuring the circular inner hole 10 or the circular outer edge of the workpiece 4, it is necessary to ensure that the reducing rod 9 is aligned with the horizontal diameter of the workpiece 4 in the Z-axis direction. The alignment method is as follows: First, clamp the workpiece 4 onto a three-jaw chuck and determine its center using the chuck. Then, using the center of the workpiece 4 as a reference, machine the inner hole 10 or outer edge of the workpiece 4 with a cutting tool to make it a standard circle. Next, clamp a measuring tool such as a vernier caliper onto the inner hole 10 or outer edge of the workpiece 4, and move the vernier caliper up and down so that its two jaws move along the sidewall of the inner hole 10 or outer edge of the workpiece 4. The horizontal diameter position of the inner hole 10 / outer edge of the workpiece 4 to be measured is determined, and marking points are set at both ends of the horizontal diameter position. A measuring horizontal line 20 is set on the reducing rod 9 as a measurement reference. By adjusting the base 1 on the Z-axis, the height of the measuring horizontal line 20 on the reducing rod 9 is adjusted so that the measuring horizontal line 20 is aligned with the two marking points of the workpiece 4 to be measured in the Z-axis, thus completing the adjustment of the position of the reducing rod 9 and the workpiece 4 to be measured, so that the dimension measured by the reducing rod 9 is the diameter of the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since this device is used for mass measurement of the same workpieces 4 to be measured, after the position is adjusted, other workpieces 4 to be measured are clamped on the positioning center of the three-jaw chuck, so that the horizontal diameter position of each workpiece 4 to be measured is always aligned with the measuring horizontal line 20 of the reducing rod 9. The dimension measured by the reducing rod 9 when it enters the workpiece 4 to be measured is the diameter of each workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] Figures 7-13 As shown, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in the number of reducing rods 9 and the position measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The specific structure is as follows:

[0098] The linear guide 6 is provided with a mounting bracket 8, and a reducing rod 9 with a standard reducing length is mounted on the mounting bracket 8. The reducing rod 9 can move relative to the linear guide 6 in the X-axis direction. One end of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a measuring contact part 16 for contacting the measuring point 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and the other end of the reducing rod 9 is the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9.

[0099] In addition, the image measuring instrument 7 is fixedly mounted on the linear guide rail 6, and the lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is facing the measured end 38 at the other end of the reducing rod 9.

[0100] The base 1 is equipped with a clamping component 3 for fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured. Specifically, a fixing frame 2 is fixed on the base 1, and the clamping component 3 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 2. The clamping component 3 and the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction. The clamping component 3 is a conventional fixture used in the market for clamping and fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured, such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck, or a five-jaw chuck. The clamping center of the clamping component 3 is positioned along the Y-axis direction.

[0101] The workpiece 4 to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping component 3.

[0102] The measuring device can measure the outer edge dimensions or the inner hole dimensions 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0103] Figures 7-9 As shown, when the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 has a straight rod structure and is positioned along the X-axis. The right end of the reducing rod 9 is the measuring contact part 16, and the left end of the reducing rod 9 is the measured end 38. The mounting bracket 8 is provided with a first sliding groove 26, and a first slider 25 is fixed on the reducing rod 9. The first slider 25 is inserted into the first sliding groove 26 and can move along the first sliding groove 26 in the X-axis direction. Preferably, the first sliding groove 26 is an inverted T-shape, and the first slider 25 is an inverted T-shape that matches the shape of the first sliding groove 26, restricting the first slider 25 from disengaging from the upper opening of the first sliding groove 26.

[0104] In addition, the reducing rod 9 can be manually adjusted to move along the X-axis on the mounting bracket 8. When the reducing rod 9 is moved to the desired position, the reducing rod 9 can be fixed to the mounting bracket 8 by the friction between the first slider 25 and the first groove 26.

[0105] Alternatively, most preferably, the reducing rod 9 is connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rod 9, pushing the reducing rod 9 to move to the right in the X-axis direction. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring. A spring is provided between the left side of the first slider 25 and the left inner wall of the first slide groove 26. One end of the spring abuts against the first slider 25, and the other end of the spring abuts against the inner wall of the first slide groove 26. The force of the spring acts on the first slider 25, pushing the first slider 25 and the reducing rod 9 to slide to the right, and pressing the first slider 25 against the right inner wall of the first slide groove 26.

[0106] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The reducing rod 9 enters the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. The reducing rod 9 moves along the X-axis, causing the measuring contact part 16 to contact the measuring point 17 on the right side of the workpiece 4. There is a gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measuring point 17 on the left side of the workpiece 4. The maximum width of this gap 11 is maintained between 0.1mm and 5mm. Since the lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is facing the measured end 38 on the left side of the reducing rod 9, the image... The measuring range 41 of the measuring instrument 7 is greater than the gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the left side of the workpiece 4. The measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the left side of the workpiece 4 both fall within the measuring range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 at this time. Since the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measured points 17 of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0107] In addition, in order to accommodate the tolerance of the machining of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the measuring contact part 16 at the right end of the reducing rod 9 is slightly offset from the measuring point 17 on the right side of the inner hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a guide surface 18. Preferably, the measuring contact part 16 is hemispherical. When the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 are pushed along the Y-axis, the reducing rod 9 touches the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the reducing rod 9 to the left along the guide surface 18, so that the reducing rod 9 enters the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The spring is compressed and stored. The elastic force of the spring presses the reducing rod 9 to the right onto the measuring point 17 on the right side of the inner hole 10, so that the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 contacts the measuring point 17 on the right side, for measuring the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the reducing rod 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0108] Figures 10-12 As shown, when the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 includes a second horizontal bar 27 and a third vertical bar 28. The third vertical bar 28 is connected to the left end of the second horizontal bar 27. The second horizontal bar 27 is positioned along the X-axis, and the third vertical bar 28 is positioned along the Y-axis. The mounting bracket 8 is provided with a second sliding groove 30, and the second horizontal bar 27 is provided with a second slider 29. The second slider 29 is inserted into the second sliding groove 30 and slides along the second sliding groove 30 in the X-axis direction. Preferably, the second sliding groove 30 is an inverted T-shape, and the second slider 29 is an inverted T-shape that matches the shape of the second sliding groove 30, restricting the second slider 29 from disengaging from the upper slot of the second sliding groove 30. The third vertical bar 28 is provided with a measuring contact part 16, and the right end face of the second horizontal bar 27 is the measured end 38.

[0109] In addition, the reducing rod 9 can be manually adjusted to move along the X-axis on the mounting bracket 8. When the reducing rod 9 is moved to the desired position, the reducing rod 9 can be fixed to the mounting bracket 8 by the friction between the second slider 29 and the second slide groove 30.

[0110] Alternatively, most preferably, the reducing rod 9 is connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rod 9, pushing the reducing rod 9 to move to the right in the X-axis direction. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring. A spring is provided between the left side of the second slider 29 and the left inner wall of the second slide groove 30. One end of the spring abuts against the second slider 29, and the other end of the spring abuts against the inner wall of the second slide groove 30. The force of the spring acts on the second slider 29, pushing the second slider 29 and the reducing rod 9 to slide to the right, and pressing the second slider 29 against the right inner wall of the second slide groove 30.

[0111] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The reducing rod 9 enters the workpiece 4 and moves along the X-axis, bringing the measuring contact part 16 into contact with the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4. A gap 11 exists between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measurement point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4. The maximum width of this gap 11 is maintained between 0.1mm and 5mm. Because the lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is pointed towards the measured end 38, the image measuring instrument 7... The measurement range 41 is greater than the gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4. Both the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 fall within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 at this time. Since the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measured points 17 of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0112] In addition, to accommodate the dimensional tolerances of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the measuring contact portion 16 at the left end of the reducing rod 9 is slightly biased to the right of the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4. The measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a guide surface 18, which is a guide slope. When the linear guide rail 6 and the reducing rod 9 are advanced along the Y-axis, the measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 contacts the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the reducing rod 9 to the left along the guide surface 18, so that the reducing rod 9 enters the workpiece 4 to be measured. The spring is compressed and stores force. The elastic force of the spring presses the reducing rod 9 to the right onto the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured, so that the measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 contacts the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall to measure the dimensions of the workpiece 4. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the reducing rod 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0113] Figure 13 As shown, the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 in the X-axis can also be longer than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. When the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is longer than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the third vertical rod 28 on the left end of the second horizontal rod 27 contacts the test point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and the measured end 38 on the right end of the second horizontal rod 27 extends beyond the test point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured. At this time, the image measuring instrument 7 measures the gap 11 between the right end of the second horizontal rod 27 and the test point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured. At this time, the dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 minus the width value of the gap 11.

[0114] When the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 contacts the measuring point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus or minus the width of the gap 11. Let the size of the workpiece 4 be L, the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 be L1, and the gap value of the gap 11 be L2, then L = L1 ± L2. Since the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, when the image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 between one end of the reducing rod 9 and the measuring point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4, the size of the workpiece 4 can be calculated. The reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is equal to the distance between the measuring contact part 16 and the measured end 38 in the X-axis direction.

[0115] The aforementioned gap 11 is the distance between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction.

[0116] Example 3

[0117] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the movement mode of the reducing rod 9. The specific structure is as follows:

[0118] Figures 14-19 As shown, two connecting rods 31 are rotatably connected to the linear guide rail 6. Each connecting rod 31 is fixed with a reducing rod 9 having a standard reducing length. The reducing rod 9 can rotate in the XY axis plane, and the two reducing rods 9 are in the same measuring plane. One end of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a measuring contact part 16 for contacting the measuring point 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and the other end of the reducing rod 9 is the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9.

[0119] Preferably, two fixed shafts 32 are fixed on the linear guide rail 6, and two connecting rods 31 are rotatably connected to the two fixed shafts 32 respectively.

[0120] The two reducing rods 9 can rotate to a position parallel to the X-axis. The measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 are positioned opposite each other, with a gap 11 between them. Preferably, the maximum width of this gap 11 is maintained between 0.1mm and 5mm. The gap 11 is the distance between the measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 in the X-axis direction. The lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is aimed at the measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 positioned opposite each other at this time. The measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is greater than the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9, and the measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 simultaneously fall within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 is used to measure the width value of the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9.

[0121] The field of view of the image measuring instrument 7 is 0.1mm-5mm. The image measuring instrument 7 is a commercially available optical measuring instrument, such as a measuring microscope from Keyence, with a repeatability of ±0.1μm, or a 15je digital display measuring microscope, with an accuracy of (5±d / 15)μm, where d is the measured length in mm. Preferably, the image measuring instrument 7 is fixedly mounted on the linear guide rail 6.

[0122] The base 1 is equipped with a clamping component 3 for fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured. Specifically, a fixing frame 2 is fixed on the base 1, and the clamping component 3 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 2. The clamping component 3 and the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction. The clamping component 3 is a conventional fixture used in the market for clamping and fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured, such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck, or a five-jaw chuck. The clamping center of the clamping component 3 is positioned along the Y-axis.

[0123] The workpiece 4 to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping component 3.

[0124] The measuring device can measure the outer edge dimensions or the inner hole dimensions 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0125] Figures 14-16 As shown, when the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, both reducing rods 9 are straight rods. The reducing rods 9 are rotated to a position parallel to the X-axis. The two reducing rods 9 are parallel and on the same straight line. The outer side of the two connecting rods 31 is provided with a limiting block 33. The limiting block 33 is fixed on the linear guide rail 6. When the two reducing rods 9 rotate to the sides and separate, the connecting rod 31 can abut against the outer limiting block 33 to restrict the two reducing rods 9 from continuing to rotate to the sides and separate. When the connecting rod 31 rotates and abuts against the limiting block 33, the two reducing rods 9 just rotate to a position parallel to the X-axis. The measured ends 38 of the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other and have the above-mentioned gap 11. The other end of the reducing rod 9 is the measuring contact part 16. The connecting rod 31 is perpendicular to the reducing rod 9.

[0126] In addition, the two reducing rods 9 can be manually adjusted to rotate in the XY plane. When the reducing rods 9 are rotated to the desired position, the connecting rod 31 can be fixed relative to the fixed shaft 32 by the friction between it and the fixed shaft 32.

[0127] Alternatively, in the most preferred embodiment, the two reducing rods 9 are connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rods 9, causing the two reducing rods 9 to rotate and separate to both sides at the same time, and causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33, so that the two reducing rods 9 are kept in a state parallel to the X-axis. The elastic element 13 is a spring, located on the other side of the connecting rod 31. The spring and the limiting block 33 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the connecting rod 31. One end of the spring is fixed to the linear guide rail 6, and the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the spring pushes the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33 on the other side. Alternatively, the elastic element 13 is a tension spring, with one end fixed to the linear guide rail 6 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The tension spring pulls the connecting rod 31 to rotate outward and abut against the limiting block 33. Alternatively, the elastic element 13 is a torsion spring, with one end connected to the fixed shaft 32 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the torsion spring acts on the connecting rod 31, causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate outward and abut against the limiting block 33.

[0128] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the two reducing rods 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 enter the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 rotate in the XY-axis plane and clamp onto the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 contact the measurement points 17 on both sides of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9 is measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the gap value of the gap 11. Since the reduction length of the two reducing rods 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width value of the gap 11. The distance between the two measurement points 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0129] In addition, in order to accommodate the tolerance of the machining of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is slightly larger than the size of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the reducing rods 9 are provided with guide surfaces 18. Preferably, the measuring contact parts 16 are hemispherical. When the linear guide rail 6 and the two reducing rods 9 are advanced along the Y-axis, the two reducing rods 9 touch the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the two reducing rods 9 to rotate slightly towards the middle along the guide surface 18, so that the two reducing rods 9 can enter the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The elastic element 13 presses the two reducing rods 9 on the test points 17 on both sides of the inner hole 10, so that the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 respectively contact the test points 17 on both sides for measuring the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the two reducing rods 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the length of the connecting rod 31 is much larger than the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the tolerance of the workpiece 4 to be measured is only a few tenths of a millimeter, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is only slightly larger than the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. For example, if the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is 1 mm larger than the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the angle at which the workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the reducing rod 9 slightly toward the center along the guide surface 18 is generally 0-2°. The angle of deflection of the reducing rod 9 in the XY axis plane is extremely small, so that the error between the length of the reduced rod 9 in the X axis after deflection and the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is a few micrometers or a few tenths of a micrometer. The length of the reduced rod 9 in the X axis after deflection is basically equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the error can be basically ignored.

[0130] Figures 17-19 As shown, when the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 includes a third horizontal rod 35 and a fourth vertical rod 34. The fourth vertical rod 34 is connected to one end of the third horizontal rod 35 and is perpendicular to the third horizontal rod 35. The third horizontal rod 35 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 31, which is perpendicular to the third horizontal rod 35. The reducing rod 9 is rotated to a position where the third horizontal rod 35 is parallel to the X-axis. The third horizontal rods 35 of the two reducing rods 9 are parallel and on the same straight line. The middle of the two connecting rods 31... A limiting block 33 is provided between the two rods, which is fixed on the linear guide rail 6. When the reducing rod 9 rotates towards the center, the connecting rod 31 can abut against the limiting block 33 in the middle, restricting the two reducing rods 9 from continuing to rotate towards the center. When the connecting rod 31 rotates and abuts against the limiting block 33, the third crossbar 35 of the two reducing rods 9 just rotates to a position parallel to the X-axis. The measured ends 38 of the two third crossbars 35 are arranged opposite each other and have the above-mentioned gap 11. The fourth vertical rod 34 is provided with a measuring contact part 16.

[0131] In addition, the two reducing rods 9 can be manually adjusted to rotate in the XY plane. When the reducing rods 9 are rotated to the desired position, the connecting rod 31 can be fixed relative to the fixed shaft 32 by the friction between it and the fixed shaft 32.

[0132] Alternatively, in the most preferred embodiment, the two reducing rods 9 are connected to the elastic element 13. The elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rods 9, causing the two reducing rods 9 to rotate and move towards the center simultaneously, and causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33, so that the third crossbar 35 of the two reducing rods 9 is kept parallel to the X-axis. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring, which is located on the other side of the connecting rod 31. The spring and the limiting block 33 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the connecting rod 31. One end of the spring is fixed to the linear guide rail 6, and the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the spring pushes the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33 on the other side. Alternatively, the elastic element 13 is a tension spring, which is fixed to the linear guide rail 6 and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the connecting rod 31. The tension spring pulls the connecting rod 31 to rotate towards the center and abut against the limiting block 33. Alternatively, the elastic element is a torsion spring, which is connected to the fixed shaft 32 at one end and to the connecting rod 31 at the other end. The elastic force of the torsion spring acts on the connecting rod 31, causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate towards the center and abut against the limiting block 33.

[0133] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the two reducing rods 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The two reducing rods 9 enter the workpiece 4 and rotate in the XY-axis plane to clamp onto the workpiece 4. The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 contact the measurement points 17 on the outer walls of both sides of the workpiece 4. The gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9 is measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11. Since the reduction length of the two reducing rods 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the sum of the reduction lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measurement points 17 on the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0134] In addition, in order to accommodate the tolerance of the machining of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is slightly smaller than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The measuring contact parts 16 of the reducing rods 9 are provided with guide surfaces 18. Preferably, the guide surfaces 18 are guide slopes. When the linear guide rail 6 and the two reducing rods 9 are advanced along the Y-axis, the two reducing rods 9 will contact the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured will push the two reducing rods 9 to rotate slightly to both sides along the guide surfaces 18, so that the two reducing rods 9 can enter the workpiece 4 to be measured. The elastic element 13 presses the two reducing rods 9 onto the measurement points 17 on the outer walls on both sides, so that the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 contact the measurement points 17 on the outer walls on both sides respectively, for measuring the dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surfaces 18 facilitate the entry of the two reducing rods 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the length of the connecting rod 31 is much larger than the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the tolerance of the workpiece 4 to be measured is only a few tenths of a millimeter, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is only slightly smaller than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. For example, the distance between the measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 is 1 mm smaller than the inner hole 10 dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. This causes the workpiece 4 to be measured to push the reducing rod 9 to rotate slightly to both sides along the guide surface 18. The angle of rotation of the reducing rod 9 in the XY axis plane is generally 0-2°. This makes the angle of deflection of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis plane extremely small. The error between the length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection and the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is a few micrometers or a few tenths of a micrometer. The length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection is basically equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9. The error can be basically ignored.

[0135] The measuring contact parts 16 of the two reducing rods 9 are respectively clamped on the measuring points 17 on both sides of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The size of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the sum of the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods 9 plus the width of the gap 11. Let the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured be L, the reducing length of the reducing rods 9 be L1, and the width of the gap 11 be L2. Since the reducing lengths of the two reducing rods 9 are the same, then L = L1 × 2 + L2. Since the length of the reducing rods 9 is a known constant, when the image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 between the two reducing rods 9, the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured can be calculated. The reducing length of the reducing rods 9 is equal to the distance between the measuring contact part 16 and the measured end 38 in the X-axis direction.

[0136] Example 4

[0137] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 lies in the number of reducing rods 9 and the position measured by the image measuring instrument 7. The specific structure is as follows:

[0138] Figures 20-26As shown, a connecting rod 31 is rotatably connected to the linear guide rail 6. A reducing rod 9 with a standard reducing length is fixed on the connecting rod 31. The reducing rod 9 can rotate in the XY axis plane. One end of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a measuring contact part 16 for contacting the measuring point 17 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The other end of the reducing rod 9 is the measuring end of the reducing rod 9.

[0139] A fixed shaft 32 is fixed on the linear guide rail 6, and the connecting rod 31 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 32.

[0140] In addition, the image measuring instrument 7 is fixedly mounted on the linear guide rail 6, and the image measuring instrument 7 is facing the measured end 38 at the other end of the reducing rod 9.

[0141] The base 1 is equipped with a clamping component 3 for fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured. Specifically, a fixing frame 2 is fixed on the base 1, and the clamping component 3 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 2. The clamping component 3 and the two reducing rods 9 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction. The clamping component 3 is a conventional fixture used in the market for clamping and fixing the workpiece 4 to be measured, such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck, or a five-jaw chuck. The clamping center of the clamping component 3 is positioned along the Y-axis.

[0142] The workpiece 4 to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping component 3.

[0143] The measuring device can measure the outer edge dimensions or the inner hole dimensions 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

[0144] Figures 20-22 As shown, when the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 has a straight rod structure. When the reducing rod 9 rotates to a position parallel to the X-axis, a limiting block 33 is provided on the left side of the connecting rod 31. The limiting block 33 is fixed on the linear guide rail 6. When the reducing rod 9 rotates to the left, the connecting rod 31 can abut against the limiting block 33 on the left side, limiting the reducing rod 9 to continue rotating to the left. When the connecting rod 31 rotates and abuts against the limiting block 33, the reducing rod 9 just rotates to a position parallel to the X-axis. The left end of the reducing rod 9 is the measuring contact part 16, and the right end is the measured end 38. The connecting rod 31 is perpendicular to the reducing rod 9.

[0145] In addition, the reducing rod 9 can be manually adjusted to rotate in the XY axis plane. When the reducing rod 9 is rotated to the desired position, the connecting rod 31 can be fixed relative to the fixed shaft 32 by the friction between it and the fixed shaft 32.

[0146] Alternatively, in the most preferred embodiment, the reducing rod 9 is connected to the elastic element 13, and the elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rod 9, causing the reducing rod 9 to rotate to the left, and causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33, so that the reducing rod 9 is kept in a state parallel to the X-axis. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring, located on the right side of the connecting rod 31. The spring and the limiting block 33 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the connecting rod 31. One end of the spring is fixed to the linear guide rail 6, and the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the spring pushes the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33 on the left side. Alternatively, the elastic element 13 is a tension spring, with one end fixed to the linear guide rail 6 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The tension spring pulls the connecting rod 31 to rotate to the left and abut against the limiting block 33. Alternatively, the elastic element is a torsion spring, with one end connected to the fixed shaft 32 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the torsion spring acts on the connecting rod 31, causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate to the left and abut against the limiting block 33.

[0147] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The reducing rod 9 enters the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. The reducing rod 9 rotates in the XY-axis plane, causing the measuring contact part 16 at its left end to contact the measuring point 17 on the left side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. There is a gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measuring point 17 on the right side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. The maximum width of this gap 11 is maintained between 0.1mm and 5mm. Since the lens of the image measuring instrument 7 is facing the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9... 8. The measuring range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7 is greater than the gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. The measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right side of the workpiece 4 both fall within the measuring range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 at this time. Since the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus the width of the gap 11. The distance between the two measured points 17 of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0148] In addition, in order to accommodate the tolerance of the machining of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is slightly offset to the left of the measuring point 17 on the left side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. The measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a guide surface 18. Preferably, the measuring contact part 16 is hemispherical. When the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 are advanced along the Y-axis, the reducing rod 9 touches the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the reducing rod 9 to rotate slightly to the right along the guide surface 18, so that the reducing rod 9 enters the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The elastic element 13 causes the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 to press against the measuring point 17 on the left side of the inner hole 10 for measuring the size of the workpiece 4 to be measured. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the reducing rod 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the length of the connecting rod 31 is much larger than the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the tolerance of the workpiece 4 to be measured is only a few tenths of a millimeter, the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is slightly off to the left of the measuring point 17 on the left side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. For example, the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 extends 1mm to the left of the measuring point on the left side of the inner hole 10 of the workpiece 4. This causes the workpiece 4 to push the reducing rod 9 to rotate slightly to the right along the guide surface 18. The angle is generally 0-2°, so that the angle of deflection of the reducing rod 9 in the XY axis plane is extremely small. The error between the length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection and the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is a few micrometers or a few tenths of a micrometer. The length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection is basically equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the error can be ignored.

[0149] Figures 23-25 As shown, when the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured is measured by the measuring device, the reducing rod 9 includes a fourth horizontal rod 37 and a fifth vertical rod 36. The fifth vertical rod 36 is connected to the left end of the fourth horizontal rod 37 and is perpendicular to the fourth horizontal rod 37. The fourth horizontal rod 37 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 31, which is perpendicular to the fourth horizontal rod 37. The reducing rod 9 rotates to a position where the fourth horizontal rod 37 is parallel to the X-axis. A limiting block 33 is provided on the right side of the connecting rod 31. The limiting block 33 is fixed on the linear guide rail 6. When the reducing rod 9 rotates to the right, the connecting rod 31 can abut against the limiting block 33 on the right side, limiting the reducing rod 9 from continuing to rotate to the right. When the connecting rod 31 rotates and abuts against the limiting block 33, the fourth horizontal rod 37 of the reducing rod 9 just rotates to a position parallel to the X-axis. The fifth vertical rod 36 and the connecting rod 31 are parallel to the Y-axis. A measuring contact part 16 is provided on the fifth vertical rod 36. The right end of the fourth horizontal rod 37 is the end to be measured 38.

[0150] In addition, the reducing rod 9 can be manually adjusted to rotate in the XY axis plane. When the reducing rod 9 is rotated to the desired position, the connecting rod 31 can be fixed relative to the fixed shaft 32 by the friction between it and the fixed shaft 32.

[0151] Alternatively, most preferably, the reducing rod 9 is connected to the elastic element 13, and the elastic force of the elastic element 13 acts on the reducing rod 9, causing the reducing rod 9 to rotate to the right, and causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the limiting block 33, so that the fourth crossbar 37 of the reducing rod 9 is kept parallel to the X-axis. Specifically, the elastic element 13 is a spring, located on the left side of the connecting rod 31. The spring and the limiting block 33 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the connecting rod 31. One end of the spring is fixed to the linear guide rail 6, and the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the spring pushes the connecting rod 31 to rotate and abut against the right limiting block 33. Alternatively, the elastic element 13 is a tension spring, with one end fixed to the linear guide rail 6 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The tension spring pulls the connecting rod 31 to rotate to the right and abut against the limiting block 33. Alternatively, the elastic element is a torsion spring, with one end connected to the fixed shaft 32 and the other end connected to the connecting rod 31. The elastic force of the torsion spring acts on the connecting rod 31, causing the connecting rod 31 to rotate to the right and abut against the limiting block 33.

[0152] During measurement, the linear guide 6 is advanced along the Y-axis, causing the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 to move towards the workpiece 4 to be measured. The reducing rod 9 enters the workpiece 4 and rotates in the XY-axis plane, causing the measuring contact part 16 to contact the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4. There is a gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measurement point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4. The maximum width of this gap 11 is maintained between 0.1mm and 5mm. Due to the measurement range 4 of the image measuring instrument 7... The gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 is greater than 1. Both the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measured point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 fall within the measurement range 41 of the image measuring instrument 7. The image measuring instrument 7 measures the width value at this time. Since the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus the width value of the gap 11. The distance between the two measured points 17 of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction is calculated.

[0153] In addition, in order to accommodate the dimensional tolerances of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 is slightly biased to the right of the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4. The measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 is provided with a guide surface 18. Preferably, the guide surface 18 is a guide slope. When the linear guide 6 and the reducing rod 9 are advanced along the Y-axis, the reducing rod 9 contacts the workpiece 4 to be measured during the movement. The workpiece 4 to be measured pushes the reducing rod 9 to rotate to the left along the guide surface 18, so that the reducing rod 9 can enter the workpiece 4 to be measured. The elastic element 13 causes the measuring contact portion 16 of the reducing rod 9 to press against the measurement point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4 to measure the dimensions of the workpiece 4. The guide surface 18 facilitates the entry of the reducing rod 9 into the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the length of the connecting rod 31 is much larger than the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the tolerance of the workpiece 4 to be measured is only a few tenths of a millimeter, the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is slightly biased to the right of the measuring point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4. For example, the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 is slightly biased to the right of the measuring point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4 by 1mm. This causes the workpiece 4 to push the reducing rod 9 to rotate slightly to the left along the guide surface 18. The angle is generally 0-2°, so that the angle of deflection of the reducing rod 9 in the XY axis plane is extremely small. The error between the length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection and the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 is a few micrometers or a few tenths of a micrometer. The length of the reducing rod 9 in the X axis after deflection is basically equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9, and the error can be ignored.

[0154] Figure 26 As shown, the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 in the X-axis direction can also be longer than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured. When the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 in the X-axis direction is longer than the outer edge dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured, the fifth vertical rod 36 on the left end of the fourth horizontal rod 37 contacts the test point 17 on the left outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and the measured end 38 of the fourth horizontal rod 37 extends beyond the test point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured. At this time, the image measuring instrument 7 measures the gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the fourth horizontal rod 37 and the test point 17 on the right outer wall of the workpiece 4 to be measured. At this time, the dimension of the workpiece 4 to be measured is equal to the reduction length of the reducing rod 9 minus the width of the gap 11.

[0155] When the measuring contact part 16 of the reducing rod 9 contacts the measuring point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4, the size of the workpiece 4 is equal to the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 plus or minus the width of the gap 11. Let the size of the workpiece 4 be L, the reducing length of the reducing rod 9 be L1, and the width of the gap 11 be L2, then L = L1 ± L2. Since the length of the reducing rod 9 is a known constant, when the image measuring instrument 7 measures the width of the gap 11 between the measured end 38 of the reducing rod 9 and the measuring point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4, the size of the workpiece 4 can be calculated. The reducing length of the reducing rod 9 is equal to the distance between the measuring contact part 16 and the measured end 38 in the X-axis direction.

[0156] The aforementioned gap 11 is the distance between the measured end 38 of the fourth crossbar 37 and the measured point 17 on one side of the workpiece 4 in the X-axis direction.

[0157] The one-click image measurement device provided by this invention has been described above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A one-key image measuring device for measuring the size between two measuring points of a workpiece to be measured, characterized in that, The image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens, and the sum of the length of the distance reduction of each distance reduction rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range. The image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens, and the sum of the length of the distance reduction of each distance reduction rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range.

2. A one-key image measuring device for measuring the size between two measuring points of a workpiece to be measured, characterized in that, The image measuring instrument includes an optical magnifying lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the magnified image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical magnifying lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical magnifying lens, and the sum of the length of the distance reduction of each distance reduction rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range. The linear guide is pushed along the Y axis, so that the two distance-reducing rods enter the workpiece to be measured, and the two distance-reducing rods are opened and clamped on the workpiece to be measured in the X axis direction, and the measurement contact parts of the two distance-reducing rods respectively contact the measurement points on the two sides of the workpiece to be measured, and the image measuring instrument measures the width value of the gap, and the size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the sum of the distance-reducing lengths of the two distance-reducing rods plus the width value of the gap, and the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod is used as a compensation amount of the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

3. The one-key videogrammetry device of claim 2, wherein, The two distance-reducing rods are connected with elastic members, and the elastic force of the elastic members acts on the distance-reducing rods, so that the two distance-reducing rods are synchronously moved to the two sides to be opened or synchronously moved to the middle to be close, and the measurement contact parts of the two distance-reducing rods respectively contact the measurement points on the two sides of the workpiece to be measured.

4. The one-key videogrammetry device of claim 2, wherein, The two distance-reducing rods and the workpiece to be measured are made of the same material.

5. The one-key videogrammetry device of claim 2, wherein, A mark for identification of the image measuring instrument is arranged on the measured end of the distance-reducing rod.

6. The one-key videogrammetry device of claim 2 or 3, wherein, A guide surface is arranged on the measurement contact part of the distance-reducing rod, and when the linear guide is pushed along the Y axis, the workpiece to be measured pushes the distance-reducing rod to move in the X axis direction along the guide surface, so that the distance-reducing rod enters the workpiece to be measured.

7. A one-key image measuring device for measuring the size between two measuring points of a workpiece to be measured, characterized in that, The image measuring instrument comprises an optical zoom lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the zoomed image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical zoom lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measurement range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measurement range and the magnification of the optical zoom lens, and the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measurement range. The linear guide is pushed along the Y axis, so that the distance-reducing rod enters the workpiece to be measured, the distance-reducing rod is moved in the X axis direction and the measurement contact part contacts the measurement point on one side of the workpiece to be measured, there is a gap between the measured end of the distance-reducing rod and the measurement point on the other side of the workpiece to be measured, and the measured end of the distance-reducing rod and the measurement point on the other side of the workpiece to be measured fall within the measurement range of the image measuring instrument at the same time, the image measuring instrument measures the width value of the gap, and the size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod plus or minus the width value of the gap, and the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod is used as a compensation amount of the measurement range of the image measuring instrument.

8. A one-key image measuring device for measuring the size between two measuring points of a workpiece to be measured, characterized in that, The application relates to a measuring device for measuring the size of a workpiece, which comprises a base, an image measuring instrument and a linear guide rail, the linear guide rail is arranged on the base and can move in the Y-axis direction relative to the base, the base is provided with a clamping piece for fixing the workpiece, two connecting rods are rotatably connected to the linear guide rail, the two connecting rods are both provided with a distance-reducing rod with a standard distance-reducing length, the distance-reducing rod can rotate in the XY-axis plane, and the two distance-reducing rods are in the same measuring plane, one end of the distance-reducing rod is provided with a measuring contact part for contacting the measuring points of the workpiece, and the other end is a measured end of the distance-reducing rod, the projection length of the measuring contact part to the measured end on the connecting line of the two measuring points is the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod, the image measuring instrument comprises an optical zoom lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the zoomed image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical zoom lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measuring range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measuring range and the magnification of the optical zoom lens, and the sum of the distance-reducing lengths of the distance-reducing rods is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece minus the measuring range, The linear guide rail is pushed along the Y-axis, so that the two distance-reducing rods enter the workpiece, the two distance-reducing rods rotate in the XY-axis plane and are clamped to the workpiece, the measuring contact parts of the two distance-reducing rods respectively contact the measuring points on the two sides of the workpiece, the measured ends of the two distance-reducing rods are opposite to each other and simultaneously fall within the measuring range of the image measuring instrument, the opposite measured ends of the two distance-reducing rods have a gap therebetween, the image measuring instrument measures the width value of the gap, and the size of the workpiece is equal to the sum of the distance-reducing lengths of the two distance-reducing rods plus the width value of the gap, and the distance-reducing length of the distance-reducing rod is used as a compensation amount of the measuring range of the image measuring instrument.

9. The one-key videogrammetry device of claim 8, wherein, The two distance-reducing rods are connected with elastic members, the elastic force of the elastic members acts on the distance-reducing rods, so that the two distance-reducing rods synchronously rotate to the two sides or synchronously rotate to the middle, and the measuring contact parts of the two distance-reducing rods respectively contact the measuring points on the two sides of the workpiece.

10. A one-key image measuring device for measuring the size between two measuring points of a workpiece to be measured, characterized in that, The application relates to a workpiece measuring device, which comprises a base, an image measuring instrument and a linear guide rail, the linear guide rail is arranged on the base and can move in the Y-axis direction relative to the base, the base is provided with a clamping piece for fixing a workpiece to be measured, the linear guide rail is rotationally connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed with a reduced-length rod with a standard reduced-length, the reduced-length rod can rotate in the XY-axis plane, one end of the reduced-length rod is provided with a measuring contact part for contacting a measuring point of the workpiece to be measured, the other end is a measured end of the reduced-length rod, the projection length of the measuring contact part to the measured end on the connecting line of the two measuring points is the reduced length of the reduced-length rod, the image measuring instrument comprises an optical zoom lens and a photosensitive element for receiving the zoomed image, the photosensitive element is composed of a plurality of pixels, the magnification of the optical zoom lens is equal to the size length of a single pixel in the photosensitive element divided by the graduation value measured by the image measuring instrument, the measuring range of the image measuring instrument is not less than the sum of the absolute values of the positive and negative deviations of the standard size of the workpiece to be measured, the size of the photosensitive element is not less than the product of the measuring range and the magnification of the optical zoom lens, the reduced length of the reduced-length rod is equal to the maximum standard size of the workpiece to be measured minus the measuring range, the linear guide rail is pushed along the Y-axis, the reduced-length rod enters the workpiece to be measured, the reduced-length rod rotates in the XY-axis plane, the measuring contact part contacts the measuring point on one side of the workpiece to be measured, the measured end of the reduced-length rod has a gap with the measuring point on the other side of the workpiece to be measured, the measured end of the reduced-length rod and the measuring point on the other side of the workpiece to be measured fall in the measuring range of the image measuring instrument at the same time, the image measuring instrument measures the width value of the gap, the size of the workpiece to be measured is equal to the reduced length of the reduced-length rod plus or minus the width value of the gap, and the reduced length of the reduced-length rod is used as the compensation amount of the measuring range of the image measuring instrument.

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