Concrete Structure Heat and Moisture Preservation and Curing System and Heat and Moisture Preservation and Curing Method

Abstract

The present invention provides a heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures, which comprises a heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket, a water quantity measurement and control device, a water temperature measurement and control device, a water pump, a water tank and a control unit. An open-pored capillary tube, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket. The capillary tube in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is connected to the water pump and the water tank through a pipeline, a water quantity measurement and control device and a water temperature measurement and control device connected in series in the pipeline; the signal output ends of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are connected to the signal input end of the control unit through wires, and the control signal output end of the control unit is connected to the control ends of the water quantity measurement and control device and the water temperature measurement and control device through wires, so as to control the water temperature and the water passing time in the capillary tube, thereby enabling the internal and external temperatures and humidity of the concrete structure to be controlled to meet the design requirements and preventing cracks from occurring on the surface of the concrete structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat and moisture preservation and curing system, and more particularly to a heat and moisture preservation and curing system dedicated to concrete structures. The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction and curing of concrete structures. Background Art

[0002] The heat and moisture preservation and curing of concrete structures is a key step to prevent cracks on their surfaces. Traditional heat preservation measures and moisture preservation measures are two independent measures, which are implemented separately. The moisture preservation measure is to sprinkle water on the surface of the concrete, and the heat preservation measure is to cover the surface of the concrete with heat preservation materials. However, traditional heat preservation and moisture preservation measures for concrete structures often cannot take both into account. After covering the surface of the concrete structure with heat preservation materials, it is not convenient to sprinkle water on its surface for moisture preservation; Sprinkling water on the surface of the concrete structure for moisture preservation requires the surface of the concrete structure to be exposed, and it is not convenient to cover the surface of the concrete structure with heat preservation materials for heat preservation when the surface of the concrete structure is exposed. Therefore, traditional heat preservation and moisture preservation measures often cannot be taken into account. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above reasons, the object of the present invention is to provide a heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures, which has both heat preservation and moisture preservation functions.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures, which includes a heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket, a water volume measurement and control device, a water temperature measurement and control device, a water pump, a water tank and a control unit;

[0005] The heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket includes a water-absorbing material layer, a capillary tube, a plastic film layer and a rubber and plastic sponge layer;

[0006] The water-absorbing material layer is the bottom layer and covers the surface of the freshly poured concrete structure; The capillary tube is laid on the water-absorbing material layer, and the capillary tube is arranged in a serpentine shape, and orifices are spacedly formed on the surface of the capillary tube, and the water in the capillary tube flows out through the orifices and permeates through the water-absorbing material layer and is evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete structure; The plastic film layer is covered on the capillary tube; The rubber and plastic sponge layer is covered on the plastic film layer;

[0007] When the surface of the covered concrete structure is horizontal and the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed horizontally, the relationship between the orifice spacing d of the capillary tube, the spacing h between two adjacent horizontal sections of the serpentine capillary tube and the wetting radius r is:

[0008]

[0009]

[0010] Where: r is the wetting radius of the capillary orifice; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the flow rate of the capillary orifice; t is the outflow time of the capillary orifice;

[0011] When the surface of the covered concrete structure is inclined and the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed obliquely, the orifice spacing d of the capillary and the spacing h between two adjacent horizontal sections of the capillary arranged in a serpentine shape are:

[0012] d = b

[0013] h = h 逆 + h 顺

[0014] Where: b is the horizontal wetting distance perpendicular to the slope direction; h 逆 is the inclined wetting distance against the slope direction; h 顺 is the inclined wetting distance along the slope direction:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, r is the wetting radius of the capillary orifice; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the flow rate of the capillary orifice; t is the outflow time of the capillary orifice; i is the inclination angle of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket;

[0019] The outflow rate of each orifice on the capillary is equal;

[0020] The capillary in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is connected to a water pump and a water tank through a pipeline and the water volume measurement and control device and the water temperature measurement and control device connected in series in the pipeline; the signal output ends of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are connected to the signal input end of the control unit through wires, and the control signal output end of the control unit is connected to the control ends of the water volume measurement and control device and the water temperature measurement and control device through wires to control the water temperature and the water passing time in the capillary.

[0021] Further, when the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed horizontally, i.e., i = 0, at any orifice opening position of the capillary, the equivalent number of orifices e z is:

[0022]

[0023] Where: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary; u is the orifice discharge coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the capillary flow modulus; d is the orifice spacing; N is the total number of orifices in the capillary; z is the orifice number along the capillary direction; H z+1 is the acting head of the (z + 1)-th orifice along the capillary direction; e z is the equivalent number of orifices at the orifice numbered z along the capillary direction; S 标准 is the orifice area of the hole opener;

[0024] When the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed obliquely, i.e., i ≠ 0, at any orifice opening position of the capillary, the equivalent number of orifices e j,k is:

[0025]

[0026] Where: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary; u is the orifice discharge coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the capillary flow modulus; d is the orifice spacing; c is the number of horizontal layers of the capillary; n is the total number of orifices in each layer of the capillary; (j, k) is the number of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer along the capillary direction; H j,k+1 is the acting head of the (k + 1)-th orifice in the j-th layer along the capillary direction; e (j,k) is the equivalent number of orifices at the orifice numbered (j, k) along the capillary direction; S 标准 is the orifice area of the hole opener.

[0027] Furthermore, the temperature sensors in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket include temperature sensors arranged inside the concrete structure, temperature sensors arranged between adjacent two horizontal sections of the capillary that are serpentinely arranged under the water-absorbing material layer, close to the surface of the concrete structure, and temperature sensors arranged on the top surface of the rubber and plastic sponge;

[0028] The humidity sensors in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket include humidity sensors arranged between adjacent two horizontal sections of the capillary that are serpentinely arranged under the water-absorbing material layer, close to the surface of the concrete structure, and humidity sensors arranged on the top surface of the rubber and plastic sponge.

[0029] Furthermore, the capillary of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is tied to the water-absorbing material layer, the plastic film layer and the rubber and plastic sponge layer are bonded by glue, and the whole formed by the water-absorbing material layer and the capillary is connected to the bonded plastic film layer and rubber and plastic sponge layer through a needleless fixator to form an integral structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the thickness of the rubber and plastic sponge layer is 2 cm - 10 cm.

[0031] The present invention also discloses a method for heat and moisture preservation curing by using a heat and moisture preservation curing system for concrete structures, that is, laying a heat and moisture preservation curing blanket on the surface of the concrete structure. When the surface humidity of the concrete structure cannot reach the humidity standard Hs for curing the surface of the concrete structure, the capillary in the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket conducts water to conduct water moisturizing curing on the concrete structure, and the water conduction time t 养护 is for the surface humidity of the concrete structure to recover to H S1 = 100%, H S1 is for the concrete surface to be completely wet, H S is the lower limit of the surface humidity of the concrete, generally 95%. Usually, H S is less than H S1 ;

[0032] When the water temperature T 养护 in the capillary of the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket is lower than the surface temperature of the concrete and does not exceed the standard value ΔT 养护 , the curing water conduction temperature T 养护 :

[0033] T 养护 > T 砼表 -ΔT 养护

[0034] wherein, T 砼表 is the surface temperature of the concrete; ΔT 养护 is the control value between the curing water temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete. Usually, this control value is 15 degrees Celsius;

[0035] The curing water conduction flow rate Q 养护 :

[0036] Q 养护 = N·q

[0037] wherein, N is the total number of orifices on the capillary; q is the orifice flow rate;

[0038] The theoretical curing water conduction time t 养护 :

[0039] t 理论 = t;

[0040] t 养护 = t 理论

[0041] wherein, t is the outflow time of the orifice of the capillary to completely wet the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket.

[0042] Furthermore, when the difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete structure does not meet the design standard value, water is conducted to the concrete for heat and moisture preservation;

[0043] Hot water needs to be conducted during heat preservation to heat the surface of the concrete. The heat preservation water conduction temperature Tw The difference from the concrete surface temperature T 砼表 meets the control standard value ΔT 1 ; The heat preservation and water passing time t 保温 needs to make the concrete surface temperature meet the requirement of controlling the internal and external temperature difference, so that the concrete surface temperature T 砼表 and the concrete internal temperature T 砼内 The difference meets the control standard value ΔT 2 And a certain safety margin ΔT is set 3 ;

[0044] The heat preservation and water passing temperature T w :

[0045] T w = T 砼表 +ΔT 1

[0046] Wherein, T 砼表 is the concrete surface temperature; ΔT 1 is the temperature difference control value between the heat preservation and water passing temperature and the concrete surface temperature, and this control value is 10 - 15 degrees Celsius.

[0047] The heat preservation and water passing flow rate Q 保温 :

[0048] Q 保温 = n·q

[0049] Wherein, n is the total number of capillary orifice; q is the orifice flow rate;

[0050] The heat preservation and water passing time t 保温 :

[0051]

[0052] Wherein, T 砼表中 is the concrete surface temperature during heat preservation and water passing; T 砼内 is the concrete internal temperature; ΔT 2 is the control value of the concrete internal temperature and the concrete surface temperature, and this control value is 15 - 20 degrees Celsius; ΔT 3 is the safety margin of the heat preservation and water passing concrete surface temperature, and this safety margin is 2 - 3 degrees Celsius; t 结束 is the water passing end time when the concrete surface temperature meets the internal and external temperature difference control standard value. Description of the Drawings

[0053] Figure 1 This is the composition diagram of the concrete structure heat preservation and moisture conservation system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is the top view of the concrete structure heat preservation and moisture conservation blanket of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is the side view of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket for the concrete structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the wetting range of the horizontal capillary orifice outflow of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the wetting range of the inclined capillary orifice outflow of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the calculation of the uniform outflow of the horizontal capillary orifice of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of the calculation of the uniform outflow of the inclined capillary orifice of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is the control schematic diagram of the heat and moisture preservation and curing system for the concrete structure of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] The structure and characteristics of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that various modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the specification should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention, but only as examples of the embodiments, the purpose of which is to make the characteristics of the present invention obvious.

[0062] As Figure 1 shown, the heat and moisture preservation and curing system for the concrete structure of the present invention includes a heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket 1 (two curing blankets placed side by side in the figure), a water volume measurement and control device 2, a water temperature measurement and control device 3, a water pump 4, a water tank 5, and a control unit 6.

[0063] The capillary in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket 1 is connected to the water tank 5 through a pipeline 7, a water volume measurement and control device 2, a water temperature measurement and control device 3, and a water pump 4 connected in series in the pipeline. The signal output ends of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are connected to the signal input end of the control unit 6 through wires. As Figure 8 shown, the control unit 6 controls the signal output of the water temperature measurement and control device 3 according to the internal, external, and environmental temperatures of the concrete structure detected by the temperature sensor, adjusts the water temperature of the water flow in the capillary of the curing blanket, and further controls the internal temperature of the concrete to make the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete structure reach the design requirements; at the same time, the control unit 6 adjusts the water passing time of the water flow in the capillary of the curing blanket according to the surface humidity of the concrete structure detected by the humidity sensor, adjusts the surface humidity of the concrete structure until it meets the heat and moisture preservation and curing design requirements of the concrete structure, and prevents cracks from occurring on the surface of the concrete structure.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water quantity measurement and control device is a solenoid valve that can measure and control the flow rate, and the water temperature measurement and control device is a water heater that can measure and control the water temperature.

[0065] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, the heat preservation and moisture preservation curing blanket 1 of the present invention comprises a water-absorbing material layer 11, capillary tubes 12, a plastic film layer 13 and a rubber and plastic sponge layer 14. The water-absorbing material layer 11 is the bottom layer and covers the surface of the freshly poured concrete structure 15; capillary tubes 12 are laid on the water-absorbing material layer; a plastic film layer 13 is covered on the capillary tubes 12; a rubber and plastic sponge layer 14 is covered on the plastic film layer 13. The capillary tubes 12 are tied to the water-absorbing material layer 11 by thin plastic-coated copper wires, the plastic film layer 13 and the rubber and plastic sponge layer 14 are bonded together by glue, and the whole formed by the water-absorbing material layer 11 and the capillary tubes 12 is connected to the bonded plastic film layer and rubber and plastic sponge layer through a needleless fixator to form an integral structure.

[0066] The function of the capillary tubes 12 is to control the surface temperature of the concrete structure, thereby controlling the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete structure, and curing the surface of the concrete to maintain the humidity of the concrete surface. The capillary tubes 12 are arranged in a snake shape, and orifices 121 are provided at intervals on the surface of the capillary tubes. The capillary tubes 12 are connected to a water supply pipe 16. The water in the capillary tubes flows out through the orifices 121. In order to make the water evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete structure, a water-absorbing material layer 11 is laid under the capillary tubes 12, and the water-absorbing material layer can be non-woven fabric or geotextile or other water-absorbing materials. When the outside air temperature is too low resulting in a low concrete surface temperature, hot water can be introduced into the capillary tubes through the water supply pipe 16, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete structure can be controlled by adjusting the water temperature.

[0067] In the actual use process, the surface of the covered concrete structure may be horizontal or inclined. When the surface of the covered concrete structure is horizontal and the heat preservation and moisture preservation curing blanket is placed horizontally, as Figure 4 shown, the water outlet wetting shape of the orifices 121 on the surface of the capillary tubes of the curing blanket is circular. When the orifice flow rate q and the orifice outflow time t are certain, if the water-absorbing material layer (such as non-woven fabric) is to be fully and evenly wetted, the relationship between the orifice spacing d, the spacing h between two adjacent horizontal sections of the snake-shaped capillary tubes and the wetting radius r is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] wherein: r is the orifice wetting radius of the capillary tubes; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary tubes; t is the orifice outflow time of the capillary tubes.

[0070] The orifice spacing d and the spacing h between two adjacent horizontal sections of the water capillary tubes are:

[0071]

[0072] When the surface of the concrete structure to be covered is inclined, the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket covering it is also placed inclined. As Figure 5 shown, the shape of the water-wetted area at the capillary orifice is rectangular. Let the horizontal wetting distance in the vertical slope direction be b, the inclined wetting distance in the reverse slope direction be h 逆 , and the inclined wetting distance in the downslope direction be h 顺 . When the orifice flow rate q, the orifice outflow time t, and the inclination angle i are constant, if the non-woven fabric is to be fully and evenly wetted, the orifice spacing d and the spacing h between two adjacent horizontal sections of the serpentine capillary are:

[0073] d = b (3)

[0074] h = h 逆 + h 顺 (4)

[0075] Where: b is the horizontal wetting distance in the vertical slope direction; h 逆 is the inclined wetting distance in the reverse slope direction; h 顺 is the inclined wetting distance in the downslope direction:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Where r is the orifice wetting radius of the capillary; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary; t is the orifice outflow time of the capillary; i is the inclination angle of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket.

[0080] According to the structural parameters of the curing blanket, the number of orifices on the capillary is:

[0081] The number of horizontal layers c of the capillary:

[0082]

[0083] The number of orifices n in each layer:

[0084]

[0085] The total number of orifices N:

[0086] N = c · n

[0087] Where: L represents the length of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket, and B represents the width of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket.

[0088] Due to the existence of the head loss along the way, the head along the capillary gradually decreases. If the discharge of each orifice along the capillary is to be made equal, it is necessary to adjust the discharge area of each orifice. In the actual production of the curing blanket, the opening area of the hole opener is the standard value S 标准 , therefore, the present invention ensures that the discharge of each orifice of the capillary is equal by opening a number of standard holes at the opening positions to equivalently the opening area. At any opening position of the capillary, the equivalent number of openings e Z is determined as follows.

[0089] Let the inclination angle of the concrete structure heat and moisture preservation curing blanket be i, the orifice discharge be q, the orifice spacing be d, the vertical distance between the upper and lower layers of the capillary in the horizontal direction be h, the distance between the water inlet of the capillary and the first drip head be a, the cross-sectional area of the capillary be A, the orifice discharge coefficient be u, the flow modulus of the capillary be K, along the direction of the capillary, the area of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer be S j,k (j = 1, 2, 3,..., c; k = 1, 2, 3,..., n), along the direction of the capillary, the area of the z-th orifice be S z (z = 1, 2, 3,..., N), the total number of orifices be N, the number of layers of the capillary in the horizontal direction be c, and the number of orifices in each layer be n.

[0090] As Figure 6 shown, when the present invention is placed horizontally, that is, i = 0, the orifice spacing is equal along the direction of the capillary, the position head of each orifice is equal, and the difference in the acting head comes from the head loss along the way. To ensure that the discharge q of each orifice is equal, it is first necessary to ensure that the discharge of the N-th orifice is q. Given the area S N of the N-th orifice, the acting head H N of the N-th orifice can be determined by the orifice discharge calculation formula. From the calculation method of the head loss along the way, the acting heads of the remaining N - 1 orifices can be determined. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] From the discharge of each orifice and the acting head of each orifice, the discharge area of each orifice can be determined. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] In the actual production process, the opening size of the hole opener is fixed, so the opening area is usually the standard value S 标准 , for the convenience of production, the above calculated value S z of the orifice area can be equivalently represented by the equivalent number of holes e 标准 and the standard orifice area S z . The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Among them: e z represents the number of orifices equivalent to the calculated value of the area of the z-th orifice along the direction of the capillary tube; S z represents the calculated value of the area of the z-th orifice along the direction of the capillary tube.

[0097] Substitute formulas (8) and (9) into formula (10), and the equivalent number of orifices e at any orifice opening position of the capillary tube can be calculated when the present invention is horizontally arranged, i.e., i = 0 z is:

[0098]

[0099] Among them: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary tube; u is the orifice flow coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the flow modulus of the capillary tube; d is the orifice spacing; N is the total number of orifices of the capillary tube; z is the orifice number along the direction of the capillary tube; H z+1 is the acting head of the (z + 1)-th orifice along the direction of the capillary tube; e z is the equivalent number of orifices at the orifice numbered z along the direction of the capillary tube; S 标准 is the orifice area of the hole opener.

[0100] Such as Figure 7 shown, when the present invention is inclined, i.e., i ≠ 0, the orifice spacing along the direction of the capillary tube is unequal, and the position heads of each layer of orifices are not equal. The difference in the acting head comes from the head loss along the way and the position head. To ensure that the outflow rate q of each orifice is equal, first ensure that the outflow rate of the N-th orifice is q. Under the condition that the area S c,n of the N-th orifice is known, the acting head H c,n of the N-th orifice can be determined by the orifice outflow calculation formula. The acting heads of the remaining N - 1 orifices can be determined by the calculation methods of the head loss along the way and the change of the position head. The specific calculation methods are as follows:

[0101]

[0102] From the outflow rate of each orifice and the acting head of each orifice, the outflow area of each orifice can be determined. The specific calculation methods are as follows:

[0103]

[0104] In the actual production process, the orifice area is usually a standard value S 标准 , and for the convenience of production, the calculated value of the above orifice area can be equivalently represented by the number of orifices e and the standard orifice area S 标准 . The specific calculation methods are as follows:

[0105]

[0106] wherein, e j,k represents the number of orifices equivalent to the calculated value of the area of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer along the direction of the capillary tube; S j,k represents the calculated value of the area of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer along the direction of the capillary tube.

[0107] Substituting formulas (12) and (13) into formula (14), the equivalent number of orifices e at any orifice opening position of the capillary tube when the present invention is placed obliquely, i.e., i≠0, can be calculated as: j,k as follows:

[0108]

[0109] where: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary tube; u is the orifice flow coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the flow modulus of the capillary tube; d is the orifice spacing; c is the number of horizontal layers of the capillary tube; n is the total number of orifices in each layer of the capillary tube; (j, k) is the number of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer along the direction of the capillary tube; H j,k+1 is the acting head of the (k + 1)-th orifice in the j-th layer along the direction of the capillary tube; e (j,k) is the equivalent number of orifices at the position where the orifice number is (j, k) along the direction of the capillary tube; S 标准 is the opening area of the hole opener.

[0110] To keep the surface of the concrete structure moist and prevent the concrete surface from cracking, a plastic film 13 for water locking is covered on the capillary tube 12 of the present invention.

[0111] To prevent the heat dissipation inside the concrete structure and reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete structure, a rubber and plastic sponge 14 with a thickness of 2 cm - 10 cm for heat preservation is covered on the plastic film layer 13.

[0112] To accurately control the temperature and humidity inside and outside the concrete structure, a plurality of temperature sensors 17 and humidity sensors 18 are further provided in the heat preservation and humidity preservation curing blanket 1. To accurately master the temperature inside and outside the concrete structure, a temperature sensor 17 is provided inside the concrete structure of the present invention to measure the temperature inside the concrete structure; under the non-woven fabric layer, close to the surface of the concrete structure, at least one temperature sensor 17 is provided between adjacent two horizontal sections of the capillary tube arranged in a serpentine shape to measure the temperature outside the concrete structure; a temperature sensor 17 is provided on the top surface of the rubber and plastic sponge layer 14 to measure the ambient temperature.

[0113] In order to accurately grasp the humidity of the surface of the concrete structure, at least one humidity sensor 18 is provided between two adjacent water pipes in the horizontal direction of the serpentine capillary tubes; a humidity sensor 18 is provided on the top surface of the rubber-plastic sponge layer to measure the ambient humidity. The signal output ends of the temperature sensors and humidity sensors are connected to the signal input end of the control unit 6 through wires. The control unit 6 adjusts the temperature and water flow time of the water in the capillary tube through the water volume measurement and control device 2 and the water temperature measurement and control device 3 according to the internal and external temperatures of the concrete structure, the ambient temperature, the surface humidity of the concrete structure, the ambient humidity, and the internal and external temperature and humidity design requirements of the concrete structure detected by the sensors, so as to meet the design requirements of the concrete structure and prevent cracks in the concrete structure.

[0114] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, when the surface humidity of the concrete structure cannot reach the humidity standard Hs for curing the surface of the concrete structure, water should be passed through the concrete structure for curing. 养护 The surface humidity of the concrete structure is restored to H S1 =100% (usually, H S Less than H S1 , H S1 The concrete surface is completely wet, and the humidity reaches 100%; H S It is the lower limit of concrete surface humidity, which is generally 95%, or 90% according to your own set standards. When the concrete surface humidity is lower than this lower limit, water needs to be passed through the water). That is, when the thermal insulation and moisturizing curing blanket is saturated with water and the surface humidity of the concrete structure reaches 100%, the capillary orifice outflow time t required.

[0115] When the curing water temperature T 养护 When the temperature is lower than the concrete surface temperature, it cannot exceed the standard value ΔT 养护 When the curing water temperature is T 养护 :

[0116] T 养护 >T 砼表 -ΔT 养护

[0117] Among them, T 砼表 is the concrete surface temperature; ΔT 养护 It is the control value between the curing water temperature and the concrete surface temperature, that is, the difference between the curing water temperature and the concrete surface temperature is controlled as required, generally 15 degrees Celsius (can also be set according to your needs), that is, when the water flow temperature is lower than the concrete surface temperature, the difference between the concrete surface temperature and the water flow temperature shall not exceed 15 degrees Celsius.

[0118] Maintenance water flow Q 养护 :

[0119] Q养护 = N·q

[0120] Wherein, Q 养护 is the water flow rate when each capillary orifice discharges water at the designed orifice flow rate q, each orifice discharges water at the designed orifice outflow rate q until the orifice outflow time t, the curing blanket absorbs water and is completely wet, and the humidity reaches 100%; N is the total number of orifices on the capillary; q is the orifice flow rate.

[0121] The theoretical curing water passing time t 养护 :

[0122] t 理论 = t;

[0123] t 养护 = t 理论

[0124] Wherein, t is the orifice outflow time for the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket to be completely wet.

[0125] After the theoretical curing water passing time ends, judgment and feedback are carried out according to the humidity value real-time monitored by the concrete surface humidity sensor. If the concrete surface humidity can reach the curing water passing end humidity standard H S1 , then the curing water passing time t 养护 = t 理论 ; if the concrete surface humidity cannot reach the humidity standard Hs 1 , it is necessary to continue to pass water until the concrete surface humidity reaches the humidity standard H S1 , and the time when the concrete surface humidity reaches H S1 is the curing water passing time t 养护 .

[0126] As Figure 8 shown, when the difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete structure cannot meet the designed standard value ΔT, water is passed to insulate the concrete. The heat preservation water passing should meet the requirements of temperature control and crack prevention on the concrete structure surface. The heat preservation water passing temperature and the curing water passing temperature are not the same temperature. It is the heat preservation water passing temperature calculated by the heat preservation model when heat preservation is required. When heat preservation is required, hot water needs to be passed to heat the concrete surface. The difference between the heat preservation water passing temperature T w and the concrete surface temperature T 砼表 meets the control standard value ΔT 1 . The heat preservation water passing time t 保温 needs to make the concrete surface temperature meet the requirements of internal and external temperature difference control, so that the difference between the concrete surface temperature T 砼表 and the concrete internal temperature T 砼内 meets the control standard value ΔT 2 and a certain safety margin ΔT 3 is set.

[0127] Insulation water passing temperature T w :

[0128] T w = T 砼表 + ΔT 1

[0129] T 砼表 - Concrete surface temperature; ΔT 1 - Temperature difference control value between insulation water passing temperature and concrete surface temperature.

[0130] Insulation water passing flow rate Q 保温 :

[0131] Q 保温 = n·q This orifice discharge q is the designed value, which determines the structural parameters of the curing blanket and the number of orifices of the curing blanket.

[0132] Q 保温 Even if each orifice discharges water at the designed orifice flow rate q

[0133] n - Total number of capillary orifices connected to the water supply pipe; q - Orifice flow rate.

[0134] Insulation water passing time t 保温 :

[0135]

[0136] Among them, T 砼表中 is the concrete surface temperature during insulation water passing; T 砼内 is the concrete internal temperature; ΔT 2 is the control value of the concrete internal temperature and the concrete surface temperature; ΔT 3 is the safety margin of the insulation water passing concrete surface temperature; t 结束 is the water passing end time when the concrete surface temperature meets the internal and external temperature difference control standard value.

[0137] As Figure 1 shown, the control unit 6 of the concrete structure insulation and moisture conservation system of the present invention is connected to the server 8 through a wireless network to transmit data and receive control instructions.

[0138] Advantages of the present invention: Realize automatic insulation and moisture conservation of the concrete structure, which complement each other.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures, characterized in that: it includes a heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket, a water volume measurement and control device, a water temperature measurement and control device, a water pump, a water tank and a control unit; the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket includes a water-absorbing material layer, capillary tubes, a plastic film layer and a rubber and plastic sponge layer; the water-absorbing material layer is the bottom layer and covers the surface of the freshly poured concrete structure; the capillary tubes are laid on the water-absorbing material layer, the capillary tubes are arranged in a serpentine shape, and orifices are spacedly opened on the surface of the capillary tubes, and the water in the capillary tubes flows out through the orifices and seeps through the water-absorbing material layer and is evenly distributed on the surface of the concrete structure; the plastic film layer is covered on the capillary tubes; the rubber and plastic sponge layer is covered on the plastic film layer; When the surface of the covered concrete structure is horizontal and the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed horizontally, the relationship between the orifice spacing d of the capillary tubes, the spacing h between adjacent two horizontally running segments of the serpentine-arranged capillary tubes and the wetting radius r is: where: r is the wetting radius of the orifices of the capillary tubes; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary tubes; t is the orifice outflow time of the capillary tubes; When the surface of the covered concrete structure is inclined and the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed inclined, the orifice spacing d of the capillary tubes and the spacing h between adjacent two horizontally running segments of the serpentine-arranged capillary tubes are: d = b h = h 逆 +h 顺 where: b is the horizontal wetting distance in the vertical slope direction; h 逆 is the inclined wetting distance in the reverse slope direction; h 顺 is the inclined wetting distance in the forward slope direction: where, r is the wetting radius of the orifices of the capillary tubes; m is the mass of the water-absorbing material per unit area; w is the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material; ρ is the density of water; q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary tubes; t is the orifice outflow time of the capillary tubes; i is the inclination angle of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket; the outflow rate of each orifice on the capillary tubes is equal; the capillary tubes in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are connected to the water pump and the water tank through pipelines and the water volume measurement and control device and the water temperature measurement and control device connected in series in the pipelines; the signal output ends of the temperature sensors and humidity sensors in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are connected to the signal input end of the control unit through wires, and the control signal output end of the control unit is connected to the control ends of the water volume measurement and control device and the water temperature measurement and control device through wires to control the water temperature and the water passing time in the capillary tubes.

2. The heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed horizontally, i.e., i = 0, at any opening position of the capillary tube, the equivalent number of openings e z is as follows: where: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary; u is the orifice discharge coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the capillary flow modulus; d is the orifice spacing; N is the total number of orifices in the capillary; z is the orifice number along the capillary direction; H z+1 is the acting head of the (z + 1)-th orifice along the capillary direction; e z is the equivalent number of orifices at the orifice number z along the capillary direction; S 标准 is the orifice area of the hole opener; When the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket is placed obliquely, i.e., i≠0, at any opening position of the capillary tube, the equivalent number of openings e j,k is as follows: Where: q is the orifice flow rate of the capillary; u is the orifice discharge coefficient; g is the acceleration due to gravity; K is the capillary flow modulus; d is the orifice spacing; c is the number of horizontal layers of the capillary; n is the total number of orifices in each layer of the capillary; (j, k) is the number of the k-th orifice in the j-th layer along the capillary direction; H j,k+1 is the working head of the (k + 1)-th orifice in the j-th layer along the capillary direction; e (j,k) is the equivalent number of orifices at the orifice numbered (j, k) along the capillary direction; S 标准 is the orifice area of the perforator.

3. The heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the temperature sensors in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket include temperature sensors arranged inside the concrete structure, temperature sensors arranged under the water-absorbing material layer, close to the surface of the concrete structure, between adjacent two horizontally running water pipes of the serpentine-arranged capillary tubes, and temperature sensors arranged on the top surface of the rubber and plastic sponge; the humidity sensors in the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket include humidity sensors arranged under the water-absorbing material layer, close to the surface of the concrete structure, between adjacent two horizontally running water pipes of the serpentine-arranged capillary tubes, and humidity sensors arranged on the top surface of the rubber and plastic sponge.

4. The heat and moisture preservation and curing system for concrete structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capillary tubes of the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket are tied to the water-absorbing material layer. The plastic film layer and the rubber and plastic sponge layer are bonded together with glue. The whole formed by the water-absorbing material layer and the capillary tubes is connected to the bonded plastic film layer and rubber and plastic sponge layer through a needleless fixator to form an integral structure.

5. The concrete structure heat and moisture preservation and curing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the thickness of the rubber and plastic sponge layer is 2 cm - 10 cm.

6. A heat and moisture preservation and curing method using the concrete structure heat and moisture preservation and curing system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Laying a heat and moisture preservation curing blanket on the surface of a concrete structure. When the humidity of the concrete structure surface cannot reach the humidity standard Hs for curing the concrete structure surface, the capillary in the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket conducts water to conduct water and moisture preservation curing on the concrete structure, and the water conduction time is t 养护 until the humidity of the concrete structure surface is restored to H S1 = 100%, where H S1 represents the completely wet concrete surface, and H S represents the lower limit of the humidity of the concrete surface, generally 95%, and H S is less than H S1 ; When the water temperature T in the capillary of the heat and moisture preservation curing blanket 养护 is lower than the concrete surface temperature and does not exceed the standard value ΔT 养护 , the water temperature T for curing 养护 : T 养护 > T 砼表 -ΔT 养护 Among them, T 砼表 is the concrete surface temperature; ΔT 养护 is the control value between the curing water temperature and the concrete surface temperature, and this control value is 15 degrees Celsius. Maintenance water flow rate Q 养护 : Q 养护 = N·q wherein, N is the total number of orifices on the capillary tube; q is the orifice flow rate; Theoretical curing water passing time t 养护 : t 理论 = t; t 养护 = t 理论 wherein, t is the outflow time of the capillary tube orifice to make the heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket completely wet.

7. A heat and moisture preservation and curing method using the concrete structure heat and moisture preservation and curing system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: lay a heat and moisture preservation and curing blanket on the surface of the concrete structure. When the difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete structure does not meet the design standard value, conduct water circulation heat preservation for the concrete; During heat preservation, hot water needs to be passed through to heat the concrete surface, and the temperature T of the water passed through for heat preservation w and the temperature T of the concrete surface 砼表 shall satisfy the control standard value ΔT 1 ; the time t for passing through water during heat preservation 保温 shall enable the temperature of the concrete surface to meet the requirements of controlling the temperature difference between the inside and outside, so that the difference between the temperature T of the concrete surface 砼表 and the temperature T of the inside of the concrete 砼内 shall satisfy the control standard value ΔT 2 and a certain safety margin ΔT shall be set 3 ; Insulation water temperature T w : T w = T 砼表 + ΔT 1 Among them, T 砼表 is the concrete surface temperature; ΔT 1 is the temperature difference control value between the temperature of the heat-insulating water flow and the concrete surface temperature, and this control value is 10 - 15 °C Heat preservation water flow rate Q 保温 : Q 保温 = n·q wherein, n is the total number of capillary tube orifices; q is the orifice flow rate; Insulation water passing time t 保温 : Among them, T 砼表中 is the surface temperature of the concrete during heat preservation and water circulation; T 砼内 is the internal temperature of the concrete; ΔT 2 is the control value of the internal temperature of the concrete and the surface temperature of the concrete. Through this control value, it is 15 - 20 degrees Celsius. ΔT 3 is the safety margin of the surface temperature of the heat-preserved and water-circulated concrete. Through this safety margin, it is 2 - 3 degrees Celsius; t 结束 is the end time of water circulation when the surface temperature of the concrete meets the standard value of the internal and external temperature difference control.

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