A temperature, salinity and depth measurement system

Abstract

The present invention provides a temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system, which belongs to the field of deep-sea detection technology. The system comprises a plurality of temperature-salinity-depth instruments and a host computer. The temperature-salinity-depth instruments are used to detect the electrical conductivity and temperature of water bodies at different depths in a plurality of ocean regions in a sea area to be measured. The temperature-salinity-depth instruments are provided with a magnetic weight for sinking in water and an energized demagnetization module, which is used to sink to the seabed when the temperature-salinity-depth instruments are deployed and to separate the magnetic weight. The host computer is provided with a deployment allocation module, a data receiving module, a data analysis module and an equipment tracking module. The deployment allocation module is used to determine the deployment position of each temperature-salinity-depth instrument according to ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured; the data receiving module is used to receive detection data collected by each temperature-salinity-depth instrument; the data analysis module is used to calculate the electrical conductivity and temperature model of all positions in the sea area to be measured based on the data collected by all the temperature-salinity-depth instruments; and the equipment tracking module is used to calculate the current position of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument to facilitate recovery of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument by recovery personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea detection, and in particular relates to a temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system. Background Art

[0002] To monitor and study ocean changes, large-scale ocean observations are required to obtain data on various ocean parameters. Temperature, salinity, and depth meters, as a commonly used ocean observation device, can simultaneously measure temperature and salinity at different water depths, making them essential equipment for ocean observation. However, traditional temperature, salinity, and depth meters suffer from problems such as poor placement, inaccurate positioning, and the inability to recover them, limiting their application. Temperature, salinity, and depth meters are commonly used in ocean observations. They measure temperature and salinity at different depths and record CTD profile data, providing important parameters for studying thermal and dynamic processes in water bodies. Currently, CTD profile data is recorded by attaching CTDs at different locations on a rope and then lowering it into the sea. Multiple CTDs are used to record profile data. However, the rope is long and the number of attached CTDs increases, making recovery difficult. Furthermore, profile data coverage is incomplete because it is impossible to place CTDs throughout the entire profile in the deep sea.

[0003] It can be seen that in the existing technology, the layout of the temperature, salinity and depth meters is unreasonable, and the water parameters at different depths cannot be measured, resulting in the water parameter model of the sea area to be measured being inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the temperature-salinity-depth instrument is arranged irrationally and cannot measure water parameters at different depths, resulting in an inaccurate water parameter model of the sea area to be measured.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] The present invention provides a temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system, which includes a plurality of temperature-salinity-depth instruments and a host computer. The plurality of temperature-salinity-depth instruments are used to detect the water conductivity and temperature at different depths in multiple ocean areas of a sea area to be measured. The temperature-salinity-depth instruments are provided with a magnetic weight for sinking in water and an energized demagnetization module, which are used to sink to the seabed when the temperature-salinity-depth instrument is deployed and to separate the magnetic weight so that the temperature-salinity-depth instrument slowly rises and collects water conductivity and temperature parameters at different depths. The host computer is provided with a deployment allocation module, a data receiving module, a data analysis module, and an equipment tracking module. The deployment allocation module is used to determine the deployment position of each temperature-salinity-depth instrument according to the ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured; the data receiving module is used to receive, by satellite, detection data collected by each temperature-salinity-depth instrument and temperature-salinity-depth instrument positioning data forwarded by the satellite; the data analysis module is used to calculate the conductivity and temperature models of all positions in the sea area to be measured based on the data collected by all the temperature-salinity-depth instruments; and the equipment tracking module is used to calculate the current position of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument to facilitate recovery personnel to recover the temperature-salinity-depth instrument.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0008] Among them, the temperature, salinity and depth instrument consists of three parts: a detection part, an aluminum frame and a magnetic weight. The aluminum frame is wrapped around the outside of the detection part, and the bottom of the aluminum frame is movably connected to the magnetic weight through an electric demagnetization module. The top of the aluminum frame is provided with a flexible fiber rope for storage; the detection part includes a CTD, a deep-sea glass float, an optical beacon and a satellite module, wherein the CTD is suspended at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float for detecting water depth, water conductivity and temperature; the optical beacon and the satellite module are inserted and arranged at the top of the deep-sea glass float, and a central control chip for connecting the CTD and the optical beacon and the satellite module for data acquisition and transmission is provided in the deep-sea glass float; the central control chip is electrically connected to the electric demagnetization module, and controls the power on and off of the electric demagnetization module. When the electric demagnetization module is not powered on, the electric demagnetization module is magnetic and attracts the magnetic weight; the electric demagnetization module is demagnetized when powered on and cannot attract the magnetic weight.

[0009] The deployment allocation module is used to perform the following steps:

[0010] Collect relevant ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured and record them as the first ocean parameters;

[0011] A fluid mechanics model of the sea area to be measured is established according to the first ocean parameter, which is recorded as the first ocean model;

[0012] Determine the deployment parameters based on the first ocean model, including the specific deployment location and acquisition time of each thermosalinity and depth meter;

[0013] Send deployment parameters to the workers.

[0014] Furthermore, the data analysis module is used to perform the following steps:

[0015] Obtain the data collected by each temperature, salinity and depth meter, including three-dimensional position, collection time, water conductivity and temperature;

[0016] Converting the established first ocean model into a first water body conductivity and temperature model based on the collected data, so as to characterize the water body conductivity and temperature of the sea area to be measured;

[0017] The ocean parameters of the adjacent sea area are obtained and recorded as the second ocean parameters;

[0018] The first water body conductivity-temperature model is converted into a second water body conductivity-temperature model to characterize the water body conductivity and temperature of the adjacent sea area.

[0019] Furthermore, the device tracking module is configured to perform the following steps:

[0020] Get the coordinates of all temperature, salinity and depth meters that can currently communicate with the host computer;

[0021] Obtain the last communication coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter;

[0022] Obtain relevant ocean parameters of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located, recorded as the third ocean parameter;

[0023] According to the third ocean parameter, a fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinate is located is established, which is recorded as the second ocean model;

[0024] According to the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time, the second ocean model is used to calculate the current coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter, and send them to the staff.

[0025] Furthermore, the basic model used in establishing the fluid mechanics model of the sea area to be measured is the Navier-Stokes equations; and the step of determining the deployment parameters according to the first ocean model is:

[0026] Divide the sea area to be measured into several small areas;

[0027] The coverage function is defined to represent the effect of the thermosalinity and depth meter covering a small area;

[0028] The objective function is defined to represent the sum of the coverage effects of all small areas;

[0029] A heuristic algorithm is used to solve the covering function, and the deployment method that maximizes the objective function value is found as the determined deployment parameter.

[0030] Furthermore, the step of converting the established first ocean model into a first water body conductivity and temperature model based on the collected data specifically includes:

[0031] Collect water temperature, conductivity, and corresponding three-dimensional coordinates and time data obtained by the temperature, salinity, and depth meter at each point;

[0032] Mapping the point data to the computational grid of the first ocean model to obtain the model results of the corresponding grid points;

[0033] Establish mapping relationships between temperature and model temperature, and between conductivity and model salinity;

[0034] Using the mapping relationship, the temperature and salinity results in the first ocean model are mapped to the distribution of water temperature and conductivity;

[0035] The mapping results are verified. If the deviation is too large, the mapping relationship is modified until the verification is passed, and the first water body conductivity temperature model is obtained.

[0036] Furthermore, the step of establishing a fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinate is located according to the third ocean parameter specifically includes:

[0037] According to the third ocean parameter, a basic ocean model is established;

[0038] Determine the domain and boundary conditions for computing the basic ocean model;

[0039] The control equations of the basic ocean model are solved by numerical methods, and the basic ocean model is updated with the obtained optimal solution to obtain the second ocean model.

[0040] Furthermore, the step of calculating the current coordinates of the lost temperature-salinity-depth instrument using the second ocean model according to the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time specifically includes:

[0041] In the second ocean model, determine the flow field distribution at the last communication moment;

[0042] According to the flow field distribution, the particle tracking method is used to calculate the trajectory of water particles over time starting from the last communication coordinates;

[0043] Track the particle positions at multiple moments according to the specified time step;

[0044] Fitting particle position points at multiple moments to obtain a buoy trajectory function;

[0045] Substitute the coordinates of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument at the last communication moment into the buoy trajectory function to calculate the current predicted coordinates of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument.

[0046] Furthermore, the central control chip in the deep-sea glass float is arranged at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float, so that the center of the deep-sea glass float is located at the bottom.

[0047] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effect of the temperature, salinity and depth measurement system provided by the present invention is that the system uses ocean numerical models to rationally plan the deployment plan of the temperature, salinity and depth meters, and can deploy the equipment in the most representative locations according to the flow field distribution, avoiding the problem of important areas being missed. This is more scientific and systematic than the traditional empirical deployment. After the temperature, salinity and depth meter designed in this system is thrown into the sea, it sinks to the seabed and floats to the sea surface after a specified time on the seabed; the device can be separated from the weight on the seabed and then float up by itself. At this time, the CTD can record complete profile data. It solves the technical problem in the existing technology that the temperature, salinity and depth meter are not arranged reasonably and cannot measure water parameters at different depths, resulting in the water parameter model of the sea area to be measured being inaccurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0049] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the temperature, salinity and depth instrument; including 11, power degaussing module; 12, aluminum frame; 13, flexible fiber rope; 14, CTD; 15, deep-sea glass float; 16, optical beacon; 17, satellite module; 20, magnetic weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0055] As an embodiment of a temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system provided by the present invention, the system includes multiple temperature-salinity-depth instruments and a host computer. The multiple temperature-salinity-depth instruments are used to detect the water conductivity and temperature at different depths in multiple ocean areas of a sea area to be measured. The temperature-salinity-depth instruments are provided with a magnetic weight for sinking in water and an energized demagnetization module, which is used to sink to the seabed when the temperature-salinity-depth instrument is deployed and to separate the magnetic weight so that the temperature-salinity-depth instrument slowly rises and collects water conductivity and temperature parameters at different depths. The host computer is provided with a deployment allocation module, a data receiving module, a data analysis module, and an equipment tracking module. The deployment allocation module is used to determine the deployment position of each temperature-salinity-depth instrument based on the ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured; the data receiving module is used to receive detection data and temperature-salinity-depth instrument positioning data collected by each temperature-salinity-depth instrument and forwarded by the satellite via a satellite; the data analysis module is used to calculate the conductivity and temperature models of all positions in the sea area to be measured based on the data collected by all the temperature-salinity-depth instruments; and the equipment tracking module is used to calculate the current position of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument to facilitate recovery personnel to recover the temperature-salinity-depth instrument.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature-salinity-depth instrument consists of three parts: a detection part, an aluminum frame 12, and a magnetic weight 20. The aluminum frame 12 is wrapped around the outside of the detection part. The bottom of the aluminum frame 12 is movably connected to the magnetic weight 20 through an energized demagnetization module 11. A flexible fiber rope 13 for storage is provided on the top of the aluminum frame 12. The detection part includes a CTD 14, a deep-sea glass float 15, an optical beacon 16, and a satellite module 17. Among them, the CTD 14 is suspended at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float 15 for detecting water depth, water conductivity, and temperature. The optical beacon 1 6 and the satellite module 17 are inserted into the top of the deep-sea glass float 15. A central control chip is provided in the deep-sea glass float 15 for connecting the CTD 14, the optical beacon 16 and the satellite module 17 for data acquisition and transmission. The central control chip is electrically connected to the power-on demagnetization module 11 and controls the power on and off of the power-on demagnetization module 11. When the power-on demagnetization module 11 is not powered on, the power-on demagnetization module 11 is magnetic and attracts the magnetic weight 20. When the power-on demagnetization module 11 is powered on, it is demagnetized and cannot attract the magnetic weight 20.

[0057] The structure of the medium temperature salinity depth instrument of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0058] 1. This device is divided into two parts, the upper part has positive buoyancy, and the lower part is a magnetic weight. After the upper and lower parts are connected together by magnetism, the whole has negative buoyancy.

[0059] 2. The upper section is equipped with a degaussing block. When not powered on, the block maintains a strong magnetic field and is tightly connected to the magnetic weight in the lower section. When the control system on the upper section reaches a set time, it energizes the degaussing block, demagnetizing it and allowing the upper section to separate and float to the surface.

[0060] 3. The upper part of the float is mainly provided by a deep-sea glass float. The glass float is equipped with a battery and a control board. The control board is connected to the CTD to back up the CTD data.

[0061] 4. The uppermost portion of the upper section houses the Iridium communication module and optical beacon. These do not function while the upper section is still below the surface. They begin functioning when the upper section is nearing the surface.

[0062] Specifically, a battery and a control board are placed inside the deep-sea glass float 15. The satellite module can be an Iridium module unit, and the satellite module and the optical beacon unit are connected to the control board inside the float. The Iridium module has a built-in GPS positioning chip.

[0063] The float is placed on the upper unit, and a hanging rope is provided on the upper unit.

[0064] The CTD is fixed on the upper unit and connected to the control board inside the float. The control board can read the CTD value backup.

[0065] The bottom of the upper unit is equipped with a power-on degaussing module, which has strong magnetism when not powered on.

[0066] The lower module is a magnetic weight that provides gravity for the entire device. A positioning slot is located at the top of the magnetic module, allowing the power-on degaussing module and the magnetic weight to be tightly attached together without slipping.

[0067] After the upper and lower parts are attracted together by magnetism, the entire device will have negative buoyancy in the water and will quickly descend to the bottom of the sea.

[0068] When the device sinks to a certain depth, the control board reads the depth data on the CTD. When the depth exceeds the set depth, the control board sends instructions to the Iridium satellite and beacon to stop working and save energy.

[0069] The entire device sinks to the seabed for a period of time. After the set time is reached, the control board powers on the powered degaussing module. After the powered degaussing module is powered on, the magnetic force disappears. At this time, the powered degaussing module in the upper part is separated from the magnetic weight in the lower part. The upper part shows positive buoyancy and begins to rise. At this time, the CTD can record the entire profile data.

[0070] When the upper block surfaces, the control board detects that the depth reading on the CTD is less than the set value. The control board issues a command, and the Iridium module and optical beacon begin operating. At this point, the control board continuously sends the backed-up CTD data to the Iridium module, which then sends the data and GPS positioning information to the user's designated email address.

[0071] The optical beacon is also flashing continuously, making it easier for salvage personnel to quickly find and salvage the object.

[0072] The effect of this design is:

[0073] 1. This patent adopts a modular design. The upper and lower parts can be easily disassembled for easy transportation. The lower part is heavier. After the entire device enters the water, the center of gravity is lower and it will not reverse.

[0074] 2. The upper part is equipped with a power-on demagnetizing block. The control board inside the float controls whether the power is on. When the power is off, the upper and lower parts are tightly attached. The magnetic weight on the lower part has anti-slip grooves to ensure that the upper and lower parts do not slip after being attached.

[0075] 3. The control board inside the glass ball is connected to the CTD, allowing real-time depth readings. As the device slowly sinks, the pressure on the CTD's pressure gauge increases. The control board sets a pressure threshold above which the Iridium satellites and optical beacon will cease operation, resuming operation only when the pressure falls below a certain threshold. This ensures that the Iridium satellite communication module and optical beacon begin operating as soon as they are about to surface, reducing system power consumption.

[0076] In the above technical solution, the deployment allocation module is used to perform the following steps:

[0077] Collect relevant ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured and record them as the first ocean parameters;

[0078] A fluid mechanics model of the sea area to be measured is established according to the first ocean parameter, which is recorded as the first ocean model;

[0079] Determine the deployment parameters based on the first ocean model, including the specific deployment location and acquisition time of each thermosalinity and depth meter;

[0080] Send deployment parameters to the workers.

[0081] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the data analysis module is used to perform the following steps:

[0082] Obtain the data collected by each temperature, salinity and depth meter, including three-dimensional position, collection time, water conductivity and temperature;

[0083] Converting the established first ocean model into a first water body conductivity and temperature model based on the collected data, so as to characterize the water body conductivity and temperature of the sea area to be measured;

[0084] The ocean parameters of the adjacent sea area are obtained and recorded as the second ocean parameters;

[0085] The first water body conductivity-temperature model is converted into a second water body conductivity-temperature model to characterize the water body conductivity and temperature of the adjacent sea area.

[0086] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the device tracking module is used to perform the following steps:

[0087] Get the coordinates of all temperature, salinity and depth meters that can currently communicate with the host computer;

[0088] Obtain the last communication coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter;

[0089] Obtain relevant ocean parameters of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located, recorded as the third ocean parameter;

[0090] According to the third ocean parameter, a fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinate is located is established, which is recorded as the second ocean model;

[0091] According to the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time, the second ocean model is used to calculate the current coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter and send them to the staff.

[0092] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the basic model used to establish the fluid dynamics model of the sea area to be measured is the Navier-Stokes equations; the steps of determining the deployment parameters according to the first ocean model are:

[0093] Divide the sea area to be measured into several small areas;

[0094] The coverage function is defined to represent the effect of the thermosalinity and depth meter covering a small area;

[0095] The objective function is defined to represent the sum of the coverage effects of all small areas;

[0096] A heuristic algorithm is used to solve the covering function, and the deployment method that maximizes the objective function value is found as the determined deployment parameter.

[0097] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the step of converting the established first ocean model into a first water body conductivity temperature model based on the collected data specifically includes:

[0098] Collect water temperature, conductivity, and corresponding three-dimensional coordinates and time data obtained by the temperature, salinity, and depth meter at each point;

[0099] Mapping the point data to the computational grid of the first ocean model to obtain the model results of the corresponding grid points;

[0100] Establish mapping relationships between temperature and model temperature, and between conductivity and model salinity;

[0101] Using the mapping relationship, the temperature and salinity results in the first ocean model are mapped to the distribution of water temperature and conductivity;

[0102] The mapping results are verified. If the deviation is too large, the mapping relationship is modified until the verification is passed, and the first water body conductivity temperature model is obtained.

[0103] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the step of establishing a fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinate is located according to the third ocean parameter specifically includes:

[0104] According to the third ocean parameter, a basic ocean model is established;

[0105] Determine the domain and boundary conditions for computing the basic ocean model;

[0106] The control equations of the basic ocean model are solved by numerical methods, and the basic ocean model is updated with the obtained optimal solution to obtain the second ocean model.

[0107] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the step of calculating the current coordinates of the lost thermosalinity and depth meter using the second ocean model according to the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time specifically includes:

[0108] In the second ocean model, determine the flow field distribution at the last communication moment;

[0109] According to the flow field distribution, the particle tracking method is used to calculate the trajectory of water particles over time starting from the last communication coordinates;

[0110] Track the particle positions at multiple moments according to the specified time step;

[0111] Fitting particle position points at multiple moments to obtain a buoy trajectory function;

[0112] Substitute the coordinates of the temperature, salinity and depth meter at the last communication moment into the buoy trajectory function to calculate the current predicted coordinates of the temperature, salinity and depth meter.

[0113] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central control chip in the deep-sea glass float 15 is arranged at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float 15, so that the center of the deep-sea glass float 15 is located at the bottom.

[0114] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the deployment and allocation module, data analysis module, and device tracking module set in the host computer:

[0115] When establishing a fluid dynamics model for the sea area to be measured, we can use the basic equations of ocean fluid dynamics, namely the Navier-Stokes equations, and make appropriate simplifications and modifications based on the specific conditions of the ocean environment. We first define the following variables and parameters:

[0116] u(x,y,z,t): water velocity vector at time t and position (x,y,z);

[0117] p(x,y,z,t): water pressure at time t and position (x,y,z);

[0118] ρ(x,y,z,t): water density at time t and position (x,y,z);

[0119] T(x,y,z,t): water temperature at time t and position (x,y,z);

[0120] S(x,y,z,t): salinity at time t and location (x,y,z);

[0121] f: Coriolis force parameter, depends on the geographical latitude;

[0122] g: acceleration due to gravity;

[0123] v: dynamic viscosity;

[0124] α: coefficient of thermal expansion;

[0125] β: Salt expansion coefficient.

[0126] We can then use the following Navier-Stokes equations to describe the motion of ocean fluids:

[0127]

[0128] in, represents the gradient, represents the Laplace operator, T0 and S0 are the reference temperature and reference salinity, respectively, and × represents vector cross product.

[0129] In addition, we also need to consider the incompressibility of water, that is, the continuity equation of the fluid:

[0130]

[0131] and the transport equations for temperature and salinity:

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Among them, κ T and κ S are the diffusion coefficients of temperature and salinity, respectively.

[0135] By solving the above equations, we can determine the distribution of velocity, pressure, density, temperature, and salinity at any time and location in the ocean area under investigation, thereby establishing a fluid dynamics model for the area under investigation. This model can describe the dynamic behavior of ocean fluids and predict future flow regime changes.

[0136] Then, we can numerically solve the above equations based on the first ocean parameters, such as the initial values ​​and boundary conditions of the ocean surface wind field, ocean surface temperature and salinity, and the seabed topography, to obtain the first ocean model.

[0137] Specific numerical solution methods can be finite difference method, finite element method, finite volume method or spectral method, etc. These methods can obtain approximate solutions to the equations at discrete grid points, and then obtain solutions at any position through interpolation.

[0138] Finally, we can use this model to predict the flow changes in the sea area to be measured, providing a basis for the deployment of temperature-salinity-depth meters to ensure that the temperature-salinity-depth meters can effectively cover the sea area to be measured and collect representative data.

[0139] When determining deployment parameters, the first consideration is how to determine the specific deployment location of each temperature, salinity, and depth instrument based on the first ocean model (hydrodynamic model). This problem can be transformed into an optimization problem. The goal is to maximize the effective coverage of the sea area under limited resource conditions (i.e., a limited number of temperature, salinity, and depth instruments) while minimizing redundant coverage between the temperature, salinity, and depth instruments.

[0140] We can divide the ocean area to be measured into several small areas, each with its own specific fluid dynamics parameters, such as flow velocity and direction. These parameters can be obtained from the first ocean model. We can then define a coverage function C(i, j), where i represents the i-th thermosalinity and depth meter, j represents the j-th small area, and the value of C(i, j) represents the coverage of the j-th small area by the i-th thermosalinity and depth meter. The calculation of coverage can take into account various factors, such as the distance from the thermosalinity and depth meter to the small area, the fluid dynamics parameters of the small area, and the performance parameters of the thermosalinity and depth meter. The specific calculation formula can be determined based on actual conditions.

[0141] Then, we can define an objective function F, whose value is the sum of the coverage effects of all small areas, that is,

[0142]

[0143] Where N is the total number of small areas, and M is the total number of temperature, salinity and depth meters.

[0144] Our goal is to find a deployment method that maximizes the value of F. This is a typical combinatorial optimization problem that can be solved using heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithms and ant colony algorithms.

[0145] After determining the specific deployment locations for each temperature, salinity, and depth meter, we also need to determine the collection time for each meter. The solution to this problem is relatively straightforward. We can determine the collection cycle for each meter based on the meter's performance parameters, such as battery life and data processing capacity, as well as the fluid dynamics parameters of the measured area, such as flow velocity and direction. We can then calculate the collection time for each meter based on the collection cycle and deployment time.

[0146] The above steps can be described as follows:

[0147] The sea area to be tested is divided into several small areas, each of which has its own specific fluid mechanics parameters.

[0148] Define the coverage function C(i,j) to represent the effect of the i-th temperature-salinity-depth meter covering the j-th small area.

[0149] Define the objective function F, whose value is the sum of the coverage effects of all small areas.

[0150] Use heuristic algorithms to solve the optimization problem and find the deployment method that maximizes the F value.

[0151] The acquisition cycle of each temperature, salinity and depth instrument is determined based on the performance parameters of the temperature, salinity and depth instrument and the fluid mechanics parameters of the sea area to be measured.

[0152] According to the collection cycle and deployment time, the collection time of each temperature, salinity and depth instrument is calculated.

[0153] The goal of this step is to maximize coverage of the effective area of ​​the surveyed sea area within limited resources and minimize redundant coverage between the temperature, salinity, and depth meters. At the same time, the acquisition time for each temperature, salinity, and depth meter is appropriately determined, taking into account the performance parameters of the temperature, salinity, and depth meters and the fluid dynamics parameters of the surveyed sea area.

[0154] The specific implementation of converting the first ocean model into the first water body conductivity temperature model is as follows:

[0155] Collect the measured data obtained by the temperature, salinity and depth instrument at each collection point, including:

[0156] Three-dimensional coordinates (x i ,y i ,z i ):The spatial position of the temperature, salinity and depth instrument

[0157] Time t i :Acquisition time of temperature, salinity and depth instrument

[0158] Temperature T i :Water temperature measured by temperature-salinity-depth instrument

[0159] Conductivity C i :Water conductivity measured by temperature-salinity-depth instrument

[0160] Map the data collected at these points onto the computational grid of the first ocean model:

[0161] By (x i ,y i ,z i ,t i ) Match point data with grid data

[0162] Get the grid model result corresponding to the point data (T m ,S m ,u m ,v m ,w m )

[0163] Establish temperature T and model temperature T m The relationship between conductivity C and model salinity S m Relationship:

[0164] Use polynomial fitting, neural networks, or machine learning methods

[0165] Get the mapping function T = f(T m ),C=g(S m )

[0166] Using the above mapping relationship, the first ocean model result is mapped to:

[0167] Temperature distribution T(x,y,z,t)=f(T m (x,y,z,t))

[0168] Conductivity distribution C(x,y,z,t)=g(S m (x,y,z,t))

[0169] Verify the mapping results:

[0170] Compare the mapped temperature T with the measured temperature T i Deviation

[0171] Comparison of mapped conductivity C and measured conductivity C i Deviation

[0172] If the deviation is too large, modify the mapping relationship and repeat the above process until the verification is passed

[0173] Finally, the first verified water body conductivity-temperature model was obtained.

[0174] The steps for establishing the fluid dynamics model (second ocean model) of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located according to the third ocean parameter are as follows:

[0175] (1) Collect the third ocean parameters of the sea area near the last communication coordinates, including seawater density, salinity, temperature, current speed, etc.

[0176] (2) Based on these parameters, establish a set of control equations, referring to the establishment of the first ocean model.

[0177] (3) Determine the computational domain and boundary conditions.

[0178] (4) Use numerical methods to solve the control equations.

[0179] (5) Verify the model results and adjust the model parameters and calculation methods if necessary.

[0180] (6) Obtained the second ocean model that passed verification.

[0181] The steps to calculate the current coordinates based on the last communication coordinates and time are as follows:

[0182] (1) In the second ocean model, determine the flow field distribution at the last communication moment.

[0183] (2) Based on the flow field, the particle tracking method is used to calculate the trajectory of water particles over time starting from the last communication coordinates.

[0184] (3) Determine the appropriate time step and track the particle positions at multiple moments.

[0185] (4) By fitting these position points, a buoy trajectory function can be obtained.

[0186] (5) Substitute the current time into the trajectory function to calculate the current predicted coordinates of the temperature, salinity and depth meter.

[0187] (6) Send the predicted coordinates to the collector.

[0188] Specifically:

[0189] The specific implementation of establishing the second ocean model according to the third ocean parameter is described as follows:

[0190] Define the third ocean parameter to represent the relevant ocean parameters of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located:

[0191] Among them, ρ represents water density, S represents salinity, and T represents water temperature. Indicates flow rate;

[0192] Establish the governing equations:

[0193]

[0194]

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] Determine the computational domain Ω and boundary conditions:

[0198] boundary

[0199] B v : Velocity boundary condition

[0200] B T :Temperature boundary condition

[0201] B S : Salinity boundary condition

[0202] The finite element method is used to discretize P3 and then inserted into the equation system. The weighted residual method is used to obtain the linear equation system. The alternating direction iteration method is used to solve it.

[0203] Calculate the current coordinates based on the last communication coordinates and time

[0204] Determine the flow field at the last communication moment

[0205] The trajectory is tracked using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method:

[0206]

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] in:

[0210] κ1=Δt·v x (x n ,y n ,z n ,t n )

[0211] λ1=Δt·v y (x n ,y n ,z n ,t n )

[0212] π1=Δt·v z (x n ,y n ,z n ,t n )

[0213]

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] κ3,λ3,π3,κ4,λ4,π4 are similarly defined, where n represents the subscript of any non-last discretization point;

[0217] The current time t c Substitute the trajectory equation and calculate the current coordinate (x c ,y c ,z c ).

[0218] A simpler embodiment is given below to implement the establishment of the second ocean model:

[0219] (1) Collecting the third ocean parameters

[0220] Define the parameters:

[0221] Use multi-point measurements to obtain parameter data sets:

[0222] (2) Establishing the control equations

[0223] Equations of motion:

[0224]

[0225] Continuity equation:

[0226] Thermohaline transport equation:

[0227]

[0228]

[0229] (3) Determine the computational domain and boundary conditions

[0230] Computational domain:Ω

[0231] Boundary conditions:

[0232] Dirichlet boundary condition: Γ D

[0233] Neumann boundary condition: Γ N

[0234] (4) Numerical solution

[0235] Finite element method discretization of motion equations and heat transfer equations

[0236] Using the Galerkin method to weaken the partial differential equation into an algebraic equation

[0237] The linear equations are solved using the GMRES iterative method

[0238] (5) Model verification

[0239] Collecting data from independent sampling points

[0240] Calculate the error between the model output and the sample data:

[0241]

[0242] E S ,E T ,E v Analogy definition

[0243] If E<∈, the verification is successful, otherwise return to step (2) to adjust the model

[0244] Dirichlet boundary conditions, also known as first-class boundary conditions, specify the value of the solution directly at the boundary of the computational domain, that is, a known function of the variable specified at the boundary. It requires that the solution at the boundary must match the given known function.

[0245] The common physical meanings of the two boundary conditions are:

[0246] The Dirichlet condition is used for intrinsic variables such as temperature and displacement, indicating that the variables on the boundary are known values.

[0247] Neumann conditions are used for flux variables such as heat flow and force, indicating that the flow on the boundary is a known value.

[0248] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature, salinity and depth measurement system, characterized in that: The device comprises a plurality of temperature-salinity-depth meters and a host computer, wherein the plurality of temperature-salinity-depth meters are used to detect the water conductivity and temperature at different depths in a plurality of ocean areas of the sea area to be measured, the temperature-salinity-depth meter is provided with a magnetic weight for sinking in the water and an energized demagnetization module, which is used to sink to the seabed when the temperature-salinity-depth meter is deployed, and is used to separate the magnetic weight so that the temperature-salinity-depth meter rises slowly and collects the water conductivity and temperature parameters at different depths; the host computer is provided with a deployment allocation module, a data receiving module, a data analysis module and a device tracking module, the deployment allocation module is used to determine the deployment position of each temperature-salinity-depth meter according to the ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured; the data receiving module is used to use a satellite to receive the detection data and the temperature-salinity-depth meter positioning data forwarded by the satellite collected by each temperature-salinity-depth meter; the data analysis module is used to calculate the conductivity and temperature model of all positions of the sea area to be measured based on the data collected by all the temperature-salinity-depth meters; the device tracking module is used to calculate the current position of the temperature-salinity-depth meter The device is placed so that the recovery personnel can recover the temperature, salinity and depth meter; the data analysis module is used to perform the following steps: obtaining the collected data of each temperature, salinity and depth meter, including the three-dimensional position, collection time, water conductivity and temperature; converting the established first ocean model into a first water conductivity and temperature model according to the collected data, which is used to characterize the water conductivity and temperature of the sea area to be measured; obtaining the ocean parameters of the adjacent sea area as the second ocean parameters; converting the first water conductivity and temperature model into a second water conductivity and temperature model, which is used to characterize the water conductivity and temperature of the adjacent sea area; the step of converting the established first ocean model into the first water conductivity and temperature model according to the collected data specifically includes: collecting the water temperature, conductivity and corresponding three-dimensional coordinates and time data obtained by the temperature, salinity and depth meter at each point; mapping the point data onto the calculation grid of the first ocean model to obtain the model results of the corresponding grid points; establishing a mapping relationship between temperature and model temperature, and between conductivity and model salinity; Using the mapping relationship, the temperature and salinity results in the first ocean model are mapped to the distribution of water body temperature and conductivity; the mapping results are verified, and if the deviation is too large, the mapping relationship is modified until the verification passes, thereby obtaining the first water body conductivity temperature model; The deployment allocation module is used to perform the following steps: collecting relevant ocean parameters of the sea area to be measured, including the initial values ​​and boundary conditions of the ocean surface wind field, ocean surface temperature and salinity, and seabed topography, which are recorded as the first ocean parameters; using the Navier-Stokes equation as the basic model to establish a fluid mechanics model of the sea area to be measured based on the first ocean parameters, which is recorded as the first ocean model; determining deployment parameters based on the first ocean model, including the specific deployment location and acquisition time of each temperature, salinity and depth meter; sending the deployment parameters to the staff; the steps of determining the deployment parameters based on the first ocean model are: dividing the sea area to be measured into several small areas; defining a coverage function to represent the effect of the temperature, salinity and depth meter covering the small areas; defining an objective function to represent the sum of the coverage effects of all small areas; using a heuristic algorithm to solve the coverage function, and finding a deployment method that maximizes the objective function value as the determined deployment parameters.

2. A temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-salinity-depth instrument comprises a detection part, an aluminum frame (12) and a magnetic weight (20), wherein the aluminum frame (12) is wrapped around the outside of the detection part, the bottom of the aluminum frame (12) is movably connected to the magnetic weight (20) through an energized demagnetization module (11), and a flexible fiber rope (13) for storage is provided on the top of the aluminum frame (12); the detection part comprises a CTD (14), a deep-sea glass float (15), an optical beacon (16) and a satellite module (17), wherein the CTD (14) is suspended at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float (15) for detecting water depth, water conductivity and temperature; the optical beacon (16) The satellite module (17) is inserted into the top of the deep-sea glass float (15), and a central control chip for connecting the CTD (14), the optical beacon (16), and the satellite module (17) for data acquisition and transmission is provided in the deep-sea glass float (15); the central control chip is electrically connected to the power-on demagnetization module (11), and controls the power-on and power-off of the power-on demagnetization module (11). When the power-on demagnetization module (11) is not powered, the power-on demagnetization module (11) has magnetism and attracts the magnetic weight (20); when the power-on demagnetization module (11) is powered, it is demagnetized and cannot attract the magnetic weight (20).

3. A temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device tracking module is used to perform the following steps: obtaining the coordinates of all temperature, salinity and depth meters that can currently communicate with the host computer; obtaining the last communication coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter; obtaining relevant ocean parameters of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located, including seawater density, salinity, temperature, and current velocity, recorded as the third ocean parameter; referring to the establishment of the first ocean model, establishing a fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located according to the third ocean parameter, recorded as the second ocean model; according to the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time, using the second ocean model to calculate the current coordinates of the lost temperature, salinity and depth meter, and sending it to the staff; the step of establishing the fluid dynamic model of the sea area where the last communication coordinates are located according to the third ocean parameter specifically includes: establishing a basic ocean model according to the third ocean parameter; determining the domain and boundary conditions for calculating the basic ocean model; using a numerical method to solve the control equation group of the basic ocean model, and updating the basic ocean model with the obtained optimal solution to obtain the second ocean model.

4. A temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of calculating the current coordinates of the lost thermosalinity and depth meter using the second ocean model based on the last communication coordinates and the corresponding last communication time specifically includes: determining the flow field distribution at the last communication time in the second ocean model; using a particle tracking method based on the flow field distribution, starting from the last communication coordinates, calculating the trajectory of water particles over time; and tracking the particle positions at multiple time points according to a specified time step; The particle position points at multiple moments are fitted to obtain a buoy trajectory function; the coordinates of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument at the last communication moment are substituted into the buoy trajectory function to calculate the current predicted coordinates of the temperature-salinity-depth instrument.

5. A temperature-salinity-depth instrument measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central control chip in the deep-sea glass float (15) is arranged at the bottom of the deep-sea glass float (15), so that the center of mass of the deep-sea glass float (15) is located at the bottom.

Images