A kitchen waste filtering device and method

Abstract

The application provides a filtering device and method for kitchen garbage. During filtering, the kitchen garbage is put into a filtering cavity; the kitchen garbage is located on a first filter screen; at this time, a first pressure is applied to the kitchen garbage on the first filter screen by a squeezing mechanism, and oil / water mixture with relatively small viscous force in the kitchen garbage is squeezed out; after the squeezing is completed, the first filter screen is placed in a first displacement space, and the kitchen garbage on the first filter screen is scraped off by a scraper mechanism so as to fall onto a second filter screen; after the first filter screen is placed in a second displacement space, the squeezing mechanism can pass through the space previously occupied by the first filter screen to apply a second pressure to the kitchen garbage on the second filter screen at this time, and oil / water mixture with relatively large viscous force in the kitchen garbage is squeezed out, so that solid-liquid separation is further achieved. The application aims to solve the technical problem that the solid-liquid separation efficiency of kitchen garbage is poor due to rich oil in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, specifically to a filtration device and method for kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] Kitchen waste is a type of organic waste generated from daily life, food processing, catering services, and institutional meal services. It includes discarded vegetable leaves, leftover food, fruit peels, eggshells, tea dregs, bones, etc., primarily originating from household kitchens, restaurants, hotels, canteens, markets, and other food-related industries. Kitchen waste is rich in organic matter and has significant resource value, serving as an important source of fertilizer, feed, and fuel. Pre-treatment of kitchen waste is a crucial step, typically involving initial solid-liquid separation. The resulting solid and liquid waste are then further processed using recycling techniques to obtain different types of recyclables.

[0003] In existing technologies, solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste is achieved through filtration. However, kitchen waste is rich in grease, which leads to poor solid-liquid separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a filtration device and method for kitchen waste, aiming to solve the technical problem of poor solid-liquid separation efficiency caused by the high oil content of kitchen waste in the prior art.

[0005] This application discloses a filtering device for kitchen waste, comprising:

[0006] The cylindrical body defines a filter chamber with an opening, a first clearance space communicating with the filter chamber, and a second clearance space communicating with the filter chamber.

[0007] The first filter screen is configured to be movably disposed on the cylinder in the horizontal direction, and has a first position located within the filter chamber and a second position located within the first clearance space.

[0008] The second filter screen is located below the first filter screen in the direction of gravity; the second filter screen is configured to be movably disposed on the cylinder in the horizontal direction, and has a third position located in the filter cavity and a fourth position located in the second clearance space; the mesh diameter of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen.

[0009] The squeezing mechanism is configured to apply a first pressure to the food waste on the first filter screen when the first filter screen is in the first position and to apply a second pressure to the food waste on the second filter screen when the second filter screen is in the third position; the first pressure is less than the second pressure; and

[0010] The scraper mechanism is configured to retain the food waste on the first filter screen in the filter chamber when the first filter screen moves from the first position to the second position, so that the squeezed food waste can fall into the second filter screen.

[0011] Optionally, the cylinder is provided with a first perforation, and the compression chamber communicates with the first clearance space through the first perforation; the scraper mechanism includes a scraper, a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring; the cavity wall of the compression chamber is provided with a shaft hole, and the rotating shaft is rotatably engaged with the shaft hole; the scraper is connected to the rotating shaft; the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end is fixed to the scraper and the other end is fixed to the cylinder; when the first filter screen is in the second position, the torsion spring rebounds to pull the scraper so that the scraper is in a vertical state in the form of covering part of the first perforation; when the first filter screen is in the first position, the scraper causes the torsion spring to deform under the action of the first filter screen, and the end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft abuts against the filter surface of the first filter screen in an inclined state.

[0012] Optionally, the end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft is constructed as an arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure makes surface contact with the first filter screen when in contact.

[0013] Optionally, the filtering device further includes a first transmission assembly for driving the first filter screen to move between a first position and a second position; the first transmission assembly includes a first motor and a first gear, the first motor and the first gear being mounted in the first perforation; the first filter screen has a first rack structure at its bottom in the direction of gravity, and the first gear meshes with the first rack structure.

[0014] Optionally, the cylinder is provided with a second perforation, and the compression chamber is connected to the second clearance space through the second perforation; the compression chamber is also provided with a push plate mechanism, which is configured to apply a force in the same direction of movement as the second filter screen moves from the third position to the fourth position to the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen, so as to push the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen into the second clearance space.

[0015] Optionally, the filtering device further includes a second transmission assembly for driving the second filter screen to move between a third position and a fourth position; the second transmission assembly includes a second motor and a second gear, the second motor and the second gear being mounted in the second perforation; the second filter screen has a second rack structure at its bottom in the direction of gravity, and the second gear meshes with the second rack structure.

[0016] Optionally, the first clearance space and the second clearance space are connected to form a cleaning chamber; the cleaning chamber is equipped with a cleaning component for cleaning the first filter screen and the second filter screen.

[0017] Optionally, the filter device further includes a cover; the cover is closed at the opening; the squeezing mechanism includes a drive member and a pressure plate; the drive member is mounted on the cover and configured to drive the pressure plate to move in the direction of gravity and apply a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen and a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen.

[0018] Optionally, the compression chamber wall is provided with a first groove and a second groove; the first filter screen is slidably engaged with the first groove; and the second filter screen is slidably engaged with the second groove.

[0019] This application also proposes a method for filtering kitchen waste, including:

[0020] The first filter screen and the second filter screen are placed inside the filter chamber of the cylinder; wherein the mesh diameter of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen.

[0021] Put the kitchen waste into the first filter screen inside the filter chamber;

[0022] The kitchen waste is squeezed by applying a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen through a squeezing mechanism;

[0023] The first filter screen is pulled from the filter chamber into the first clearance space, and the kitchen waste on the first filter screen is scraped off by the scraper mechanism so that the kitchen waste is retained in the filter chamber and falls into the second filter screen by its own weight.

[0024] The kitchen waste is squeezed by applying a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen through the squeezing mechanism; wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.

[0025] Kitchen waste contains a mixture of water and grease. Part of this mixture is free-floating outside the solid waste, exhibiting relatively low viscosity; while another part adheres to the solid waste, exhibiting relatively high viscosity. In this embodiment, because the water / grease has relatively low viscosity, it is relatively easy to squeeze out. Therefore, the first pressure is relatively low, and the solid waste is difficult to pass through the first filter screen under this pressure. Consequently, the mesh size of the first filter screen is set relatively large (in this case, smaller pieces of solid waste may pass through the first filter screen but be intercepted by the smaller mesh size of the second filter screen), which helps improve filtration efficiency. Conversely, the other part has relatively high viscosity and is relatively difficult to squeeze out. Therefore, the second pressure is relatively high, and the solid waste may be squeezed through the filter screen under this pressure. Consequently, the mesh size of the second filter screen is set relatively small, so that the solid waste is intercepted during solid-liquid separation, which helps improve filtration efficiency and capacity.

[0026] During filtration, a first filter screen and a second filter screen are placed inside the filtration chamber; food waste is added to the filtration chamber; the food waste is located on the first filter screen; at this time, a first pressure is applied to the food waste on the first filter screen by a squeezing mechanism, at which time the oil / water mixture with relatively low viscosity in the food waste is squeezed out; after squeezing is completed, the first filter screen is placed in a first clearance space, and the food waste on the first filter screen is scraped off by a scraper mechanism, causing it to fall onto the second filter screen; since the first filter screen is placed in the second clearance space, the squeezing mechanism can apply a second pressure to the food waste on the second filter screen through the space previously occupied by the first filter screen, at which time the oil / water mixture with relatively high viscosity in the food waste is squeezed out, achieving further solid-liquid separation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth state of the kitchen waste filtering device proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cylinder; 2. First filter screen; 3. Second filter screen; 4. Extrusion mechanism; 5. Scraper mechanism; 6. First transmission assembly; 7. Second transmission assembly; 8. Push plate mechanism; 1a. First chute; 1b. Second chute; 10. Filter chamber; 20. Cleaning chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0040] This invention proposes a filtration device and method for kitchen waste, aiming to solve the technical problem of poor solid-liquid separation efficiency caused by the high oil content of kitchen waste in the prior art.

[0041] Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a filtration device for kitchen waste, including a cylinder 1, a first filter screen 2, a second filter screen 3, a squeezing mechanism 4, and a scraper mechanism 5.

[0042] The cylindrical body 1 defines an open filter chamber 10, a first clearance space communicating with the filter chamber 10, and a second clearance space communicating with the filter chamber 10.

[0043] The first filter screen 2 is configured to be movably disposed on the cylinder 1 in the horizontal direction, and has a first position located within the filter cavity 10 and a second position located within the first clearance space.

[0044] The second filter screen 3 is located below the first filter screen 2 in the direction of gravity; the second filter screen 3 is configured to be movably disposed on the cylinder 1 in the horizontal direction, and has a third position located in the filter cavity 10 and a fourth position located in the second clearance space; the mesh diameter of the first filter screen 2 is larger than the mesh diameter of the second filter screen 3.

[0045] The squeezing mechanism 4 is configured to apply a first pressure to the food waste on the first filter screen 2 when the first filter screen 2 is in the first position and to apply a second pressure to the food waste on the second filter screen 3 when the second filter screen 3 is in the third position; the first pressure is less than the second pressure.

[0046] The scraper mechanism 5 is configured to retain the kitchen waste on the first filter screen 2 in the filter chamber 10 when the first filter screen 2 moves from the first position to the second position, so that the squeezed kitchen waste can fall onto the second filter screen 3.

[0047] During filtration, the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 are placed inside the filter chamber 10; food waste is added to the filter chamber 10; the food waste is located on the first filter screen 2; at this time, the squeezing mechanism 4 applies a first pressure to the food waste on the first filter screen 2, and the oil / water mixture with relatively low viscosity in the food waste is squeezed out; after squeezing is completed, the first filter screen 2 is placed in the first clearance space, and the scraper mechanism 5 scrapes off the food waste on the first filter screen 2, causing it to fall onto the second filter screen 3; since the first filter screen 2 is placed in the second clearance space, the squeezing mechanism 4 can apply a second pressure to the food waste on the second filter screen 3 through the space previously occupied by the first filter screen 2, and the oil / water mixture in the food waste with relatively high viscosity is squeezed out, achieving further solid-liquid separation.

[0048] It should be explained that kitchen waste contains a mixture of water and grease. Part of this water / grease mixture is free-floating outside the solid waste, exhibiting relatively low viscosity; while another part adheres to the solid waste, exhibiting relatively high viscosity. In this embodiment, because the water / grease has relatively low viscosity, it is relatively easy to squeeze out. Therefore, the first pressure is relatively low, and the solid waste is difficult to pass through the first filter screen 2 under this pressure. Consequently, the mesh size of the first filter screen 2 is set relatively large (in this case, smaller pieces of solid waste may pass through the first filter screen 2, but be intercepted by the smaller mesh size of the second filter screen 3), which helps improve filtration efficiency. Conversely, the other part has relatively high viscosity and is relatively difficult to squeeze out. Therefore, the second pressure is relatively high, and the solid waste may be squeezed through the filter screen under this pressure. Consequently, the mesh size of the second filter screen 3 is set relatively small, so that the solid waste is intercepted by the second filter screen 3 during solid-liquid separation, which helps improve filtration efficiency and capacity.

[0049] Correspondingly, when filtering kitchen waste using the filtering device provided in the embodiments of this application, the following filtering method can be adopted:

[0050] The first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 are placed inside the filter chamber 10 of the cylinder 1; wherein the mesh diameter of the first filter screen 2 is larger than that of the second filter screen 3.

[0051] Put the kitchen waste into the first filter screen 2 inside the filter chamber 10;

[0052] The kitchen waste is squeezed by applying a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen 2 through the squeezing mechanism 4;

[0053] The first filter screen 2 is pulled from the filter chamber 10 into the first clearance space, and the kitchen waste on the first filter screen 2 is scraped off by the scraper mechanism 5 so that the kitchen waste is retained in the filter chamber 10 and falls onto the second filter screen 3 by its own weight.

[0054] The kitchen waste is squeezed by applying a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen 3 through the squeezing mechanism 4; wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.

[0055] It should be noted that, generally speaking, during compression, some tiny solid particles can pass through the first filter screen 2; therefore, when the first filter screen 2 is filtering, the second filter screen 3 can be placed inside the filter chamber 10. Of course, in some embodiments, if a high filtration capacity is not required, some tiny solid particles can be allowed to mix into the liquid, and the second filter screen 3 can be placed inside the second clearance space when the first filter screen 2 is filtering.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the kitchen waste is squeezed by applying a first pressure to the first filter screen 2 through a squeezing plate, the filtrate is pumped to the first separation device by a first pump. Generally speaking, oil-water mixtures that are easily squeezed out under lower pressure have low viscosity and a higher water content. In this case, the filtrate can be pumped to the first separation device to facilitate the setting of first separation parameters for oil-water mixtures with higher water content.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the kitchen waste is squeezed by the extrusion plate to apply a second pressure to the second filter screen 3, the filtrate is pumped to the second separation device by the second pump. Generally, oil-water mixtures that are easily squeezed out under greater pressure have higher viscosity and a higher proportion of grease. In this case, the filtrate can be pumped to the second separation device, which facilitates the setting of second separation parameters for oil-water mixtures with a higher proportion of grease.

[0058] Thus, in this embodiment, the filtration device can obtain two types of filtrate. Since the two filtrates exhibit different viscosity and oil-to-water ratios, they can be separated using different separation devices and different separation parameters. Therefore, the filtrate obtained by the filtration device in this embodiment is beneficial for efficient processing by subsequent equipment.

[0059] It should be noted that the mesh diameter of the first filter screen 2, the mesh diameter of the second filter screen 3, the first pressure, and the second pressure are specifically set according to the specific type of kitchen waste, and no specific restrictions are made in the technical solution of this application.

[0060] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the cylinder 1 is provided with a first perforation, and the compression chamber communicates with the first clearance space through the first perforation. The first perforation facilitates the switching of the first filter screen 2 between a first position and a second position. The scraper mechanism 5 includes a scraper, a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring; the cavity wall of the compression chamber is provided with a shaft hole, and the rotating shaft rotatably engages with the shaft hole. In an embodiment, the shaft hole is located near the first perforation. The rotating shaft rotatably engages with the shaft hole. The scraper is connected to the rotating shaft. In some embodiments, the scraper and the rotating shaft are integrally formed. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end is fixed to the scraper, and the other end is fixed to the cylinder 1. When the first filter screen 2 is in the second position, the torsion spring rebounds to pull the scraper so that the scraper is in a vertical state in the form of partially covering the first perforation. When the scraper is in the first position of the first filter screen 2, the scraper causes the torsion spring to deform under the action of the first filter screen 2, and the end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft abuts against the filter surface of the first filter screen 2 in an inclined state.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, when the first filter screen 2 moves from the first position to the second position, under the action of the torsion spring, the scraper abuts against the filter surface, preventing solid waste from following the first filter screen 2 through the first perforation, thus forcing the solid waste to fall onto the second filter screen 3. Figure 2 As shown, when the first filter screen 2 is fully in the second position and not in contact with the scraper, the torsion spring rebounds, pulling the scraper to partially cover the first perforation. Since the scraper at least partially covers the first perforation in its natural state, when the first filter screen 2 is moved from the second position to the first position, the scraper is pushed by the first filter screen 2, forcing the rotating shaft to rotate the scraper. At this time, the torsion spring deforms, causing the scraper to abut against the filter surface of the first filter screen 2.

[0062] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft is constructed with an arc shape, and the arc shape makes surface contact with the first filter screen 2. This configuration has two advantages: firstly, surface contact results in lower contact pressure with the first filter screen 2 compared to line contact; secondly, surface contact provides a larger contact area with the first filter screen 2, effectively preventing solid waste from being dragged into the first clearance space, thus effectively improving the solid-liquid separation rate.

[0063] In some embodiments, the side of the arc-shaped structure facing the first filter screen 2 is provided with a plurality of continuously arranged protrusions, which can achieve multiple sealing effects: when the first filter screen 2 is pulled from the first position to the second position, the plurality of protrusions can scrape off the solid waste remaining on the first filter screen 2, so that the amount of solid waste remaining on the first filter screen 2 is minimized.

[0064] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the depth of the recess between two adjacent protrusions gradually decreases in the direction in which the first filter 2 moves from the first position to the second position, which can effectively prevent solid waste from being dragged into the first clearance space.

[0065] Furthermore, in some embodiments, these protrusions are elastic to effectively prevent solid waste from being dragged into the first clearance space through their elastic deformation.

[0066] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the filtering device further includes a first transmission assembly 6 for driving the first filter screen 2 to move between a first position and a second position. The first transmission assembly 6 includes a first motor and a first gear. The first motor and the first gear are mounted in the first perforation. The first filter screen 2 has a first rack structure at its bottom in the direction of gravity, and the first gear meshes with the first rack structure.

[0067] In this embodiment, a first motor is installed inside a first perforation, and a solid is placed on the cylinder 1, configured to drive a first gear to rotate. A first rack structure is provided at the bottom of the first filter screen 2, and the first gear meshes with the first rack structure. The meshing of the first gear and the first rack structure ensures smooth transmission of the first filter screen 2.

[0068] In this embodiment, there can be multiple first gears, and the number of first rack structures corresponds to the number of first gears. The first gears and first rack structures are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple first gears are connected in series by the same first drive shaft. The first drive shaft is driven by a first motor. Typically, there are two first rack structures and two first gears. The first motor can be a direct-drive motor; alternatively, in cases where space is ample, the first transmission assembly 6 can be equipped with a first reduction mechanism, through which the first motor drives the first gears to rotate, thereby moving the first filter screen 2.

[0069] In other embodiments, the first filter screen 2 can also move between a first position and a second position via a transmission structure capable of linear movement. As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the cylinder 1 is provided with a second perforation, and the compression chamber communicates with the second clearance space through the second perforation. The second perforation allows the second filter screen 3 to move between a third position and a fourth position.

[0070] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a pusher mechanism 8 is also provided in the compression chamber. The pusher mechanism 8 is configured to apply a force in the same direction of movement as the second filter screen 3 moves from the third position to the fourth position to the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen 3, so as to push the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen 3 into the second clearance space.

[0071] In this embodiment, the height of the second perforation is greater than the height (thickness) of the second filter screen 3. As the second filter screen 3 moves from the third position to the fourth position, the solid waste is pushed by the pusher mechanism 8, causing the solid waste to follow the filtered solid waste on the second filter screen 3 into the second clearance space, so that the filtered solid waste can be further processed in the second clearance space.

[0072] In this embodiment, the pusher mechanism 8 typically includes a push rod, a push plate, and a pusher. The pusher is mounted on the cylinder 1, the push rod is configured to be in a telescopic state, and the push plate is connected to the push rod. Typically, the pusher can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The push rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod. In some cases, the pusher can also be electrically powered, and the push rod is an electrically powered telescopic rod.

[0073] In some embodiments, the cylinder 1 is provided with a solid outlet communicating with the second clearance space to discharge filtered solids. Another pusher mechanism 8 may be provided in the second clearance space to push the solid waste on the second filter screen 3 to the solid outlet for discharge.

[0074] As an optional embodiment of the above embodiments, the filtering device further includes a second transmission assembly 7 for driving the second filter screen 3 to move between a third position and a fourth position. The second transmission assembly 7 includes a second motor and a second gear, which are mounted in the second perforation; the second filter screen 3 has a second rack structure at its bottom in the direction of gravity, and the second gear meshes with the second rack structure.

[0075] In this embodiment, a second motor is installed inside the second perforation, with the solid on the cylinder 1, and is configured to drive the second gear to rotate. A second rack structure is provided at the bottom of the second filter screen 3, and the second gear meshes with the second rack structure. The meshing of the second gear and the second rack structure ensures smooth transmission of the second filter screen 3.

[0076] In this embodiment, there can be multiple second gears, and the number of second rack structures corresponds to the number of second gears. The second gears and second rack structures are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple second gears are connected in series by the same second transmission shaft. The second transmission shaft is driven by a second motor. Typically, there are two second rack structures and two second gears. The second motor can be a direct-drive motor; alternatively, in cases where space is ample, the second transmission assembly 7 can be equipped with a second reduction mechanism, and the second motor drives the second gears to rotate through the second reduction mechanism, thereby moving the second filter screen 3.

[0077] In other embodiments, the first filter 2 can also be moved between a third position and a fourth position via a transmission structure capable of linear movement.

[0078] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the first clearance space and the second clearance space are connected to form a cleaning chamber 20. A cleaning assembly is disposed within the cleaning chamber 20 for cleaning the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3. Typically, the cleaning assembly may include a nozzle, a water spray pipe, or other similar devices. The cleaning assembly may also be equipped with an ultrasonic cleaning structure to clean the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 using sound waves.

[0079] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the cylinder 1 is configured as a filter chamber 10 and a cleaning chamber 20. Both the first clearance space and the second clearance space are located within the cleaning chamber 20. The purpose of providing the first clearance space is twofold: firstly, to facilitate cleaning of the first filter screen 2, and secondly, to facilitate the extrusion mechanism 4 passing through the space occupied by the first filter screen 2 in its first position. The purpose of providing the second clearance space is twofold: firstly, to facilitate cleaning of the second filter screen 3, and secondly, to facilitate the removal of filtered solid waste.

[0080] As an optional embodiment of the above embodiments, the filtering device further includes a cover; the cover covers the opening. The squeezing mechanism 4 includes a drive member and a pressure plate; the drive member is mounted on the cover and configured to drive the pressure plate to move in the direction of gravity and apply a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen 2 and a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen 3. In embodiments, the push plate mechanism 8 typically includes a squeezing rod, a pressure plate, and a squeezing member. The squeezing member is mounted on the cover, the squeezing rod is configured to be in a telescopic state, and the pressure plate is connected to the push rod. Typically, the squeezing member can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The squeezing rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod. In some cases, the squeezing member can also be electric, and the squeezing rod is an electric telescopic rod.

[0081] In this embodiment, when filtration is required, the cover is removed, and the squeezing mechanism 4 is removed together with the cover, at which point the garbage is fed into the filtration device.

[0082] As an optional embodiment of the above embodiments, the compression chamber wall is provided with a first sliding groove 1a and a second sliding groove 1b. The first filter screen 2 is slidably engaged with the first sliding groove 1a. The second filter screen 3 is slidably engaged with the second sliding groove 1b. The first sliding groove 1a and the second sliding groove 1b are provided so that the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 can be supported by the cylinder 1, and the movement of the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 is smooth.

[0083] Furthermore, the filtration device according to the embodiments of this application can implement multiple filtration methods. The implementer can select different filtration methods based on the positions of the first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3, according to different types of kitchen waste and the required filtration efficiency.

[0084] The first type: such as Figure 6 As shown, the first filter screen 2 filters alone;

[0085] The second type: such as Figure 2 As shown, the second filter screen 3 filters separately;

[0086] The third type: such as Figure 6As shown, when the first filter screen 2 is filtering, the second filter screen 3 is in the fourth position; at this time, the filtrate mixture does not need to be intercepted by the second filter screen 3; as Figure 2 As shown, when the first filter screen 2 has completed filtration, the second filter screen 3 is placed in the third position, and the first filter screen 2 is pulled to the second position to further separate the solid and liquid.

[0087] The fourth type: such as Figure 1 As shown, when the first filter screen 2 is filtering, the second filter screen 3 is in the third position; at this time, solid particles in the filtrate mixture are intercepted, and the filtrate passes through the second filter screen 3; as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the first filter screen 2 completes filtration, the first filter screen 2 is pulled to the second position to further separate the solid waste into solid and liquid components.

[0088] The above provides a detailed description of the method and apparatus for utilizing organic solid waste resources provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtering device for kitchen waste, characterized by, The filter device comprises: a cylinder body defining a filter cavity with an open end, a first space for accommodating and a second space for accommodating; a first filter screen movably arranged on the cylinder body in a horizontal direction and having a first position in the filter cavity and a second position in the first space for accommodating; a second filter screen arranged below the first filter screen in a gravity direction and movably arranged on the cylinder body in a horizontal direction and having a third position in the filter cavity and a fourth position in the second space for accommodating; the mesh diameter of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen; a pressing mechanism configured to apply a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen when the first filter screen is in the first position and a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen when the second filter screen is in the third position; the first pressure is smaller than the second pressure; and a scraper mechanism configured to retain the kitchen waste on the first filter screen in the filter cavity when the first filter screen moves from the first position to the second position, so that the kitchen waste after being pressed can fall onto the second filter screen. The cylinder body is provided with a first through hole, and the compression cavity communicates with the first space for accommodating through the first through hole; 2. The filter device of claim 1, wherein, The scraper mechanism comprises a scraper, a rotating shaft and a torsional spring; the cavity wall of the compression cavity is provided with a shaft hole, the rotating shaft is rotationally fitted with the shaft hole; the scraper is connected with the rotating shaft; the torsional spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the torsional spring is fixed on the scraper and the other end is fixed on the cylinder body; When the first filter screen is in the second position, the torsional spring rebounds to pull the scraper so that the scraper is in a vertical state of shielding a part of the first through hole; when the first filter screen is in the first position, the scraper is deformed under the action of the first filter screen, and the end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft abuts against the filter surface of the first filter screen, and the scraper is in an inclined state. The end of the scraper away from the rotating shaft is configured as an arc structure, and the arc structure is in surface contact with the first filter screen when the arc structure contacts the first filter screen.

3. The filter device of claim 2, wherein, The filter device further comprises a first transmission assembly for driving the first filter screen to move between the first position and the second position; 4. The filter device of claim 2, wherein, The first transmission assembly comprises a first motor and a first gear, and the first motor and the first gear are installed in the first through hole; the bottom of the first filter screen in the gravity direction is configured with a first rack structure, and the first gear is engaged with the first rack structure. The cylinder body is provided with a second through hole, and the compression cavity communicates with the second space for accommodating through the second through hole; 5. The filter device of claim 1, wherein, ​ The compression cavity is further provided with a push plate mechanism, which is configured to apply a force to the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen in the same direction as the movement direction of the second filter screen while the second filter screen moves from the third position to the fourth position, so as to push the solid waste filtered on the second filter screen into the second accommodation space.

6. The filter device of claim 5, wherein, The filter device further comprises a second transmission assembly for driving the second filter screen to move between the third position and the fourth position. The second transmission assembly comprises a second motor and a second gear, and the second motor and the second gear are installed in the second through hole; the bottom of the second filter screen in the direction of gravity is provided with a second rack structure, and the second gear is engaged with the second rack structure.

7. The filter device of claim 1, wherein, The first accommodation space and the second accommodation space are communicated to form a cleaning cavity; the cleaning cavity is provided with a cleaning assembly for cleaning the first filter screen and the second filter screen.

8. The filter device of claim 1, wherein, The filter device further comprises a cover; the cover covers the opening. The extrusion mechanism comprises a driving member and a pressing plate; the driving member is installed on the cover and is configured to drive the pressing plate to move in the direction of gravity and apply a first pressure to the kitchen waste on the first filter screen and a second pressure to the kitchen waste on the second filter screen.

9. The filter device of claim 1, wherein, The cavity wall of the compression cavity is provided with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove; the first filter screen is in sliding fit with the first sliding groove; and the second filter screen is in sliding fit with the second sliding groove.

10. A method of filtering kitchen waste, characterized by, The method comprises: placing a first filter screen and a second filter screen in a filter cavity of a barrel body; wherein the mesh diameter of the first filter screen is greater than the mesh diameter of the second filter screen; throwing kitchen waste into the first filter screen in the filter cavity; extruding the kitchen waste on the first filter screen by means of an extrusion mechanism applying a first pressure to the kitchen waste; pulling the first filter screen out of the filter cavity into a first accommodation space, and scraping off the kitchen waste on the first filter screen by means of a scraper mechanism so that the kitchen waste remains in the filter cavity and falls onto the second filter screen based on the weight; extruding the kitchen waste on the second filter screen by means of the extrusion mechanism applying a second pressure to the kitchen waste; wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.

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