A three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of deep groove balls

Abstract

The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings, comprising a frame and cutting force acquisition components in each direction. Three acquisition devices are mounted on the frame for acquiring cutting forces. A movable guide rail is also included to ensure accurate acquisition of the three-dimensional cutting forces on the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings of different sizes during machining. This invention enables real-time feedback monitoring of the cutting forces experienced by the bearing during cutting. It has a simple structure, is attached to the grinding machine frame, is easy to install and operate, occupies little space, and does not interfere with the high-speed rotation and axial ultrasonic vibration of the grinding wheel during cutting. It effectively meets the real-time acquisition and monitoring requirements of ultrasonic cutting forces on the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision measurement technology of bearing cutting force, specifically to the acquisition of three-dimensional cutting force during ultrasonic cutting of the inner circle of a deep groove ball bushing. Background Technology

[0002] With industrial development, high-speed precision rolling bearings are core components that determine the high-performance and stable operation of advanced equipment such as high-end machine tools, high-speed trains, aero engines, and wind power generation. Deep groove ball bearings are a common type of rolling bearing, featuring a deep groove structure and a spherical inner diameter. The inner diameter of a deep groove ball bearing refers to its inner circular portion. They are primarily suitable for various mechanical equipment and systems that require load support and transmission, with applications ranging from household goods to heavy industrial equipment. Their spherical design helps withstand radial and axial loads and provides lower frictional losses during high-speed rotation. The dimensions and shape of the inner diameter of a deep groove ball bearing vary depending on the specific bearing model and application requirements.

[0003] The machining of the inner rings of deep groove ball bearings is crucial in the entire bearing component production process. The magnitude of the cutting force during machining significantly influences the plastic deformation and sintering of the workpiece surface material, directly affecting the surface quality and service life of the bearing after machining. When machining a deep groove ball bearing, the inner ring will experience cutting forces from different directions. Specifically, the inner ring of a deep groove ball bearing typically experiences tangential, axial, and normal cutting forces. Ultrasonic bushing cutting is a machining method that uses ultrasonic vibration technology, primarily used for machining and finishing bushings, and is currently a major technology for ultra-precision bearing machining. However, due to displacement deviations in the vibration direction, it is difficult to collect the cutting force using existing techniques.

[0004] Patent CN201310552292.5 discloses a three-dimensional cutting force measuring device, which overcomes the problems of mutual interference between different directions and inaccurate patch positioning in existing cutting force measuring devices. However, the sensor positions and arrangements in each direction are fixed in this solution, and cannot be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the cutting requirements of bearings of different sizes and shapes. This can easily lead to inaccurate measurement of cutting force when the inner diameter of a deep groove ball bearing is not fixed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings. This device enables the accurate acquisition of three-dimensional cutting forces on the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings of different sizes and shapes during machining, thereby improving the versatility and applicability of the acquisition device and further enhancing the cutting quality and machining accuracy of the inner circle of deep groove ball bearings.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove ball, comprising a frame and acquisition components, wherein the acquisition components include a normal acquisition component, an axial acquisition component, and a tangential acquisition component for acquiring cutting force data, characterized in that each set of acquisition components is slidably connected to the frame, and each set of acquisition components includes an acquisition contact head for contacting the inner circle of the deep groove ball and a sensor mounted on the acquisition contact head for measuring the magnitude of the cutting force.

[0007] The acquisition components can slide along the normal, axial, and tangential directions respectively. By adjusting the position of the acquisition components, the corresponding acquisition contact heads at the top of each acquisition component are brought into contact with the outer groove of the bearing. At this time, the sensors on the acquisition contact heads transmit signals and collect data through signal transmission lines, thereby realizing real-time acquisition and monitoring of the cutting force during ultrasonic cutting of the inner circle of the deep groove ball bearing sleeve. The sensors in the technical solution of this invention can be existing wireless sensors.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame includes an adjusting arm connected to the normal acquisition component and a blocking plate for preventing the normal acquisition component from falling off the adjusting arm.

[0009] The normal acquisition component can slide along the axial direction on the adjusting arm. The blocking plate can prevent the normal acquisition component from falling off the frame when it slides, thereby protecting the normal acquisition component and making the device safer and more stable.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame further includes a movable slot for placing the tangential acquisition component, the movable slot comprising a lower support plate, a side guard, and an upper limit plate.

[0011] The movable slot allows the tangential acquisition component to be placed stably, while the groove positions the tangential acquisition component in a fixed normal direction, so that the axial movement of the tangential acquisition component will not deviate in other directions, making the data acquired by the tangential acquisition component more reliable and stable.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame further includes a positioning component for fixing the axial acquisition component on the frame.

[0013] The positioning component can be a positioning screw from the prior art. The positioning component can pass through the axial acquisition component and abut against the frame. By adjusting the positioning screw, the axial acquisition component can slide in the axial direction. This design makes the adjustment of the axial acquisition component simple and stable.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a movable guide rail is slidably mounted on the frame, and the acquisition contact head on each group of acquisition components is mounted on the corresponding movable guide rail.

[0015] The acquisition contact head on each acquisition component can make contact with the outer groove of the bearing by moving back and forth along the guide rail. Compared to other sliding connection methods, the guide rail can reduce friction and vibration between components. This reduces the risk of failure and damage, and improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rubber pad is installed on the moving guide rail, and the acquisition contact head is installed on the rubber pad.

[0017] The moving guide rail may vibrate during movement. The rubber pad can absorb vibration and impact, reducing the vibration and displacement of the moving guide rail, thereby making the acquisition contact head more stable when it is displaced.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame is provided with a scale for measuring the moving distance of the moving guide rail.

[0019] The ruler can be made of metal, such as a straight ruler. If the moving guide rail is not precise, it will affect the position of the sensor. Using a ruler can accurately locate the specific position of the moving guide rail and determine the distance the moving guide rail has moved, thus making the forward and backward distance of the moving guide rail more accurate and controllable.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side of each acquisition contact head that contacts the outer groove of the bearing is a flat surface.

[0021] Sharp edges and corners easily cause stress concentration, while flat surfaces can disperse stress and reduce localized stress concentration. This helps reduce stress concentration between the contact head and the workpiece, reducing the risk of damage and failure. The contact head can be made of a rigid material, such as 45 steel, to avoid excessive bending or vibration, thereby reducing abnormal contact with the inner circle of the deep groove ball and extending the service life of the contact head. In actual production, a suitable lubricant can also be used between the contact head and the inner circle of the deep groove ball to reduce friction and wear.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an isolation pad is provided on one side of the contact head that contacts the outer groove of the bearing.

[0023] The isolation shims can be made of rubber. In this solution, the slide rail is manually adjustable. During adjustment, the bearing may become too tightly pressed against the data acquisition contact head, potentially damaging both. Adding isolation shims helps reduce friction and wear on the contact surfaces, thus preventing damage to the bearing and data acquisition contact head due to excessive contact.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the sensors is connected to a transmission line, and multiple transmission lines are connected together to a multi-channel transmitter, which is communicatively connected to the cutting force display component.

[0025] The multi-channel transmitter amplifies and processes the minute resistance changes transmitted by the pressure sensors on each acquisition component into three-channel current signals, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the cutting force during deep groove ball bearing grinding. In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This device can simultaneously collect cutting force data in different directions, including normal, axial and tangential forces, realizing comprehensive monitoring and analysis of forces during the cutting process of the inner circle of a deep groove ball.

[0027] 2. The sensors on the acquisition unit can accurately measure the magnitude of the cutting force and provide precise force data, which helps to accurately evaluate and optimize the cutting process.

[0028] 3. The sliding connection and fixing device between the frame and the acquisition components ensure the structural stability of the device, effectively preventing the acquisition components from falling off or shifting, and improving the reliability of the acquired data.

[0029] 4. The movable guide rail on the frame allows for flexible installation and adjustment of the position of the acquisition contact head, adapting to the inner circle of deep groove balls of different sizes, thus improving the applicability and practicality of the device.

[0030] 5. The transmission line on the sensor is connected to the cutting force display component through a multi-channel transmitter, realizing real-time data transmission and display, which facilitates operators to monitor and control the cutting process. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a clamping diagram of the present invention in the cutting system;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the main frame of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the normal cutting force acquisition contact module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the tangential cutting force acquisition contact module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the axial cutting force acquisition contact module of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 101. Adjusting arm; 102. Blocking plate; 103. Positioning component; 104. Axial support positioning screw; 105. Moving slot; 2. Normal acquisition assembly; 201. Normal acquisition contact head; 202. Normal sensor; 203. Normal transmission line; 204. Normal moving guide rail; 205. Sensor guide rail screw; 206. Normal positioning screw; 207. Through hole; 3. Axial acquisition assembly; 301. Axial acquisition contact head; 302. 4. Axial sensor, 303. Axial transmission line, 304. Guide rail positioning screw, 305. Axial moving guide rail, 306. Axial positioning groove, 4. Tangential acquisition assembly, 401. Tangential acquisition contact head, 402. Tangential sensor, 403. Tangential transmission line, 404. Tangential moving guide rail, 405. Guide rail positioning screw, 5. Multi-channel transmitter, 6. Cutting force display assembly, 601. Communication line, 7. Bearing magnetic seat, 8. Deep groove ball bearing ring, 9. Cutting grinding wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0040] See Figure 2 The bearing magnetic holder 7, bearing 8, and grinding wheel 9 share the same center. Taking the straight line connecting these three components as the axial direction, and the center of the bearing magnetic holder 7 as the origin, a tangential direction is extended vertically, and a normal direction is extended horizontally, thus forming a coordinate system applicable below. Bearing 8 is driven by the bearing magnetic holder 7 to rotate at high speed. During cutting, the grinding wheel 9 contacts the inner surface of bearing 8, and the bearing magnetic holder 7 can drive bearing 8 to move radially, while the grinding wheel 9 rotates in a fixed position.

[0041] See Figure 1 , Figure 3In a specific embodiment, a three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove ball includes a frame 1 fixedly installed with a machine frame. The frame 1 can be circular and is used to clamp the bearing magnetic seat 7. An adjusting arm 101 is provided in the normal direction of the frame 1, and a blocking plate 102 is provided on the top of the adjusting arm 101 to prevent the normal acquisition component 2 from falling off the frame 1 when sliding. A positioning component 103 is also provided on the right side of the frame 1 in the actual use direction. The positioning component 103 can be a screw or other fixing component used to clamp the frame 1 onto the grinding machine frame. An axial support positioning screw 104 is also provided on the left side of the frame 1 in the actual use direction. The axial acquisition component 3 can be slidable or fixed by loosening or tightening the positioning component 103. A moving groove 105 for inserting the tangential acquisition component 4 is also provided axially at the bottom of the frame 1. The insertion direction of the two is perpendicular to the clamping surface of the frame 1.

[0042] See Figures 1-6 During grinding, the interaction force between the grinding wheel 9 and the bearing 8 is transmitted to the pressure sensor connected to each of the normal acquisition contact head 201, axial acquisition contact head 301, and tangential acquisition contact head 401. A transmission line is provided behind each acquisition contact head, and the signal is transmitted to the multi-channel transmitter 5 by the normal transmission line 203, axial transmission line 303, and tangential transmission line 403. The multi-channel transmitter 5 transmits the processed signal to the window of the cutting force display component 6 through the communication line 601.

[0043] Thus, the adjusting arm 101 provides a suitable distance for the normal acquisition component 2 to adapt to the thickness of the bearing race; the side stops of the moving groove 105 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotation axis of the bearing 8, providing an axially adjustable range for the tangential acquisition component 4, so as to ensure tangential contact between the tangential acquisition contact head 401 and the bearing 8.

[0044] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The frame 1 and the grinding machine frame are fixedly installed on the outer fixed end face of the bearing magnetic seat 7 via the positioning component 103, making the cutting force acquisition system structurally stable and not easily deformed. The center of the adjusting arm 101 and the bearing magnetic seat 7 are on the same horizontal plane, which ensures the accuracy of the normal cutting force acquisition data.

[0045] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The normal acquisition component 2 is provided with a through hole 207 connected to the adjustment wall 101, allowing it to slide and adjust its position on the adjustment wall 101. The normal acquisition contact head 201 is installed at the normal top of the normal acquisition component 2. The normal acquisition contact head 201 is flat and has a rubber pad (not shown in the figure) on it. This can effectively reduce the vibration caused by the movement of the equipment and the possible excessive contact. While ensuring that the center of the normal acquisition contact head 201 and the bearing magnetic seat 7 are on the same horizontal plane, the normal moving guide rail 204 is moved to make the flat surface of the normal acquisition contact head 201 fit into contact with the outer groove of the bearing 8. A rubber pad (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner edge of the normal moving guide rail 204 to reduce the shaking generated during movement and make the measurement data more accurate. At the same time, the moving distance can be judged by referring to the scale (not shown in the figure) set on the outer edge of the normal moving guide rail 204. Finally, the adjusted guide rail position is locked by the guide rail positioning screw 205. Therefore, the normal cutting force on the bearing 8 is transmitted to the normal sensor 202 by the normal acquisition contact head 201. Then, the normal transmission line 203 on the normal sensor 202 transmits the change information collected by the pressure sensor to the multi-channel transmitter 5. Finally, the multi-channel transmitter 5 processes the resistance signal transmitted by the normal sensor 202 into a current signal and transmits it to the cutting force display component 6 through the communication line 601, displaying the normal cutting force quantification result in real time on the cutting force terminal interface.

[0046] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The axial acquisition component 3 can be fixed or slidably mounted on the frame 1 by loosening or tightening the axial bracket positioning screw 104 and the axial acquisition contact head 301 is mounted on the axial top of the axial acquisition component 3. The axial acquisition contact head 301 is flat and has a rubber pad (not shown in the figure) on it. This can effectively reduce the vibration caused by the movement of the equipment and the possible excessive contact. The axial acquisition contact head 301 is positioned on the right side of the bearing 8 end face by adjusting the axial positioning groove 306. Then, the flat surface of the axial acquisition contact head 301 is made to fit in contact with the right side of the bearing 8 end face by adjusting the axial moving guide rail 305. A rubber pad (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner edge of the axial moving guide rail 305 to reduce the shaking caused during movement and make the measurement data more accurate. At the same time, the moving distance can be judged by referring to the scale (not shown in the figure) set on the outer edge of the axial moving guide rail 305. Finally, the adjusted guide rail position is locked by the guide rail positioning screw 304.

[0047] Therefore, the axial cutting force on the bearing 8 is transmitted to the axial sensor 302 by the axial acquisition contact head 301. Then, the axial cutting force signal transmission line 303 on the axial sensor 302 transmits the change information collected by the pressure sensor to the multi-channel transmitter 5. Finally, the multi-channel transmitter 5 processes the resistance signal transmitted by the axial sensor 302 into a current signal and transmits it to the cutting force display component 6 through the communication line 601, displaying the normal cutting force quantification result in real time on the cutting force terminal interface.

[0048] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 The tangential acquisition component 4 can move axially on the moving groove 105. The tangential acquisition contact head 401 is installed on the tangential top of the tangential acquisition component 4, so that the tangential acquisition contact head 401 contacts the bottom of the outer groove of the bearing 8. The tangential acquisition contact head 401 is flat and has a rubber pad (not shown in the figure) on it. This can effectively reduce the vibration caused by the movement of the equipment and the possible excessive contact. By adjusting the tangential moving guide rail 404, the flat surface of the tangential acquisition contact head 401 is made to fit in contact with the surface of the groove directly below the bearing 8. A rubber pad (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner edge of the tangential moving guide rail 404 to reduce the shaking generated during movement and make the measurement data more accurate. At the same time, the moving distance can be judged by referring to the scale (not shown in the figure) set on the outer edge of the tangential moving guide rail 404. Finally, the adjusted guide rail position is locked by the guide rail positioning screw 405.

[0049] Therefore, the tangential cutting force on the bearing 8 is transmitted to the tangential sensor 402 by the tangential acquisition contact head 401. Then, the tangential cutting force signal transmission line 403 on the tangential sensor 402 transmits the change information collected by the pressure sensor to the multi-channel transmitter 5. Finally, the multi-channel transmitter 5 processes the resistance signal transmitted by the tangential sensor 402 into a current signal and transmits it to the cutting force display component 6 through the communication line 601, displaying the normal cutting force quantification result in real time on the cutting force terminal interface.

[0050] See Figure 1 By fixing the frame 1 with the normal acquisition component 2, the axial acquisition component 3, and the tangential acquisition component 4, the cutting force of the bearing 8 during cutting can be monitored in real time. The structure is simple and it is attached to the grinding machine frame body for easy installation, simple operation, and small space occupation. There is no interference with the grinding wheel 9 which rotates at high speed and vibrates axially during cutting. It can effectively meet the real-time acquisition and monitoring of the ultrasonic cutting force of the inner circle of the deep groove ball bushing.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove sphere, comprising a frame (1) and acquisition components, wherein the acquisition components include a normal acquisition component (2), an axial acquisition component (3), and a tangential acquisition component (4) for acquiring cutting force data, characterized in that, Each set of acquisition components is slidably connected to the frame (1), and each set of acquisition components includes an acquisition contact head for contacting the inner circle of the deep groove ball and a sensor mounted on the acquisition contact head for measuring the magnitude of the cutting force. The frame (1) also includes an adjusting arm (101) connected to the normal acquisition component (2) and a blocking plate (102) for preventing the normal acquisition component (2) from falling off the adjusting arm (101); The frame (1) is provided with a moving slot (105) for placing the tangential acquisition component (4), the moving slot (105) including a lower support plate, a side guard and an upper limit plate; The frame (1) is provided with a positioning component (103) for fixing the axial acquisition component (3) on the frame (1); A movable guide rail is slidably mounted on the frame (1), and the acquisition contact head on each group of acquisition components is mounted on the corresponding movable guide rail; Each of the sensors is connected to a transmission line, and multiple transmission lines are connected together to a multi-channel transmitter (5), which is communicatively connected to a cutting force display component (6).

2. The three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a scale for measuring the moving distance of the moving guide rail.

3. The three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the contact head that contacts the outer groove of the bearing is a flat surface.

4. The three-dimensional cutting force acquisition device suitable for the inner circle of a deep groove sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, An isolation pad is provided on one side of the contact head that contacts the outer groove of the bearing.

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