Marine photovoltaic charging device and control system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of offshore photovoltaic charging devices and control system, including power generation unit, main float, auxiliary float, energy storage unit, charging unit, the power generation unit includes photovoltaic power generation device, the photovoltaic power generation device is set on main float, can be converted into electric energy to light energy, a plurality of annular distribution auxiliary floats are installed on the main float by rotating support, the deflection control of rotation mechanism is realized by the rotation of control motor, to realize the initial orientation angle control of charging port, charging unit is provided on the auxiliary float, the charging unit includes pose adjusting device, charging device, pose adjusting device is rotated by control motor to realize the angle deflection of charging port, so that charging port has certain angle adjusting capacity relative to charging gun.The application relates to a kind of offshore photovoltaic charging devices and control system, with the characteristics of providing new energy power for electric ship on sea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic charging device technology, specifically a marine photovoltaic charging device and control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of technology, the shipbuilding industry has developed rapidly. However, many problems still exist with current ships. Traditional ships, which mostly rely on gasoline or diesel fuel for propulsion, generate significant amounts of pollutants, leading to environmental pollution. This has given rise to new energy ships. However, new energy ships face limitations in navigation distance and range anxiety. Ships can replenish their power at sea using offshore charging devices, reducing range limitations and range anxiety, and improving navigation flexibility and reliability. Therefore, there is a need to design an offshore photovoltaic charging device and control system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine photovoltaic charging device and control system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0005] A marine photovoltaic charging device includes a power generation unit, a main float, auxiliary floats, an energy storage unit, and a charging unit. The power generation unit includes a photovoltaic power generation device mounted on the main float, which converts light energy into electrical energy. Multiple annularly distributed auxiliary floats are mounted on the main float via rotating brackets. The rotation of a motor is controlled to deflect the rotating mechanism, thereby controlling the initial orientation angle of the charging port. The auxiliary floats are equipped with a charging unit, which includes an attitude adjustment device and a charging device. The attitude adjustment device controls the rotation of a motor to deflect the charging port angle, giving the charging port a certain angle adjustment capability relative to the charging gun.

[0006] Preferably, the charging device includes a charging port and a charging gun. The charging port is mounted on the posture adjustment device and has a flared opening design, allowing for quick insertion and removal of the charging gun. A first pressure sensor is installed inside the charging port. During charging, the first pressure sensor transmits the pressure of the charging gun against the inner wall of the charging port to the processing unit in real time. The processing unit processes and analyzes the collected pressure data and sends control commands to the control unit, thereby achieving precise control of the charging port on the posture adjustment device. If excessive pressure is detected on the inner wall of the charging port during charging, the charging operation will stop and the charging gun will be ejected. A buffer device is installed inside the charging port, comprising a buffer base plate and a buffer spring mechanism. One end of the buffer spring mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the charging port, and the other end is fixedly connected to the buffer base plate. The buffer base plate is slidably connected inside the charging port. The buffer device prevents damage to the charging interface inside the charging port when the charging gun is inserted. The charging gun includes a charging gun body and a cable. The charging gun body includes a charging interface, a permanent magnet, and a sealing ring. The charging interface is located at the front end of the charging gun body. The permanent magnets are arranged in a ring at the front end of the charging gun body. The sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the charging gun body. When the charging gun is inserted into the charging port for charging, the sealing ring will fit tightly against the inner wall of the charging port, thereby preventing short circuits caused by water ingress during charging and thus preventing equipment damage. The charging gun body is connected to the ship via a cable at the tail end. A charging interface, an electromagnet device, and a second pressure sensor are provided on the buffer base plate. The charging interface on the buffer base plate matches the charging interface at the front end of the charging gun body for ship charging operations. The electromagnet device is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate. The opening and closing of the charging gun and the charging port is achieved by controlling the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force of the electromagnet device. The second pressure sensor is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate. The second pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure between the charging gun and the buffer base plate and transmit the collected data to the processing unit.

[0007] Preferably, the posture adjustment device includes a clamping device, a first motor, a second motor, an arc-shaped rod, a rotating shaft, a column, a first column, an edge guard plate, and a mounting plate. The second motor is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped rod. The first motor is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The column is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The top of the column slides through the arc-shaped groove in the middle of the arc-shaped rod and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping device. A charging port is installed on the clamping device. The first column is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The first column is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float. The clamping device includes an edge guard plate and a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is disposed on the edge guard plate.

[0008] A control system for a marine charging device includes a processing unit, a control unit, a charging device, and an energy storage unit. The processing unit, control unit, charging device, and energy storage unit are all located within a main buoy. The processing unit is connected to the control unit, the control unit is connected to the charging device, and the control unit is connected to the energy storage unit.

[0009] Preferably, the energy storage unit includes a battery and a supercapacitor, with the battery and supercapacitor connected in parallel. A temperature sensor is installed on the outside of the battery. Because solar power generation is affected by natural factors, resulting in significant fluctuations and intermittent operation of power output, the parallel connection of the battery and supercapacitor leverages the high charging and discharging efficiency and rapid response characteristics of the supercapacitor to address short-term power fluctuations. When power generation suddenly increases or decreases, the supercapacitor can quickly absorb or release electrical energy to maintain the balance of the power system. For longer-term energy demands, the battery can provide a continuous power supply. Simultaneously, by introducing a supercapacitor into the energy storage unit, the battery is freed from high-frequency, high-power charge-discharge cycles. The supercapacitor can handle instantaneous high-power demands and frequent charge-discharge tasks, while the battery is used for more stable, low-frequency energy storage tasks. This reduces the charging and discharging frequency of the battery during energy storage, thereby extending its lifespan and reducing operating and maintenance costs. The temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature, helping to control the charging and discharging process to prevent overheating and further protect the battery's lifespan.

[0010] A method for using a control system for a marine charging device, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Obtain current operating parameters, such as the ship's remaining power, the power generation capacity of the generator unit, the remaining power of the energy storage unit, and the real-time surface temperature of the battery.

[0012] Step 2: The control system adjusts the ship's charging power based on the current operating parameters;

[0013] Step 3: If the power generation of the generator unit is greater than the ship's charging power, the control system charges it with the ship's maximum charging power; if the power generation is equal to the ship's charging power, the charging control system charges it with the average fluctuation of the power generation of the generator unit; if the power generation is less than the ship's charging power, the processing unit sends a discharge command to the energy storage unit, and the supercapacitor will release its energy first until its energy is completely released, and then the battery will release its energy.

[0014] Step 4: The control system detects that the ship is fully charged and stops charging the ship; the control system detects the remaining power of the energy storage unit, and if the energy storage unit is not fully charged, it charges it.

[0015] Preferably, in step three, when the battery is discharging, the control system acquires temperature data collected by the sensor in real time. If the battery temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the battery discharges normally; if the battery temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, the battery stops discharging and resumes normal discharge when the temperature drops below the preset temperature threshold; when the remaining battery power is less than the preset lower limit threshold, the battery stops releasing electrical energy.

[0016] Preferably, in step four, the control system sorts the remaining power of the energy storage units from smallest to largest, and charges the energy storage units according to the sorting order. The number of energy storage units charged at the same time matches the power generation of the power generation unit, and the charging power of the energy storage units is adjusted according to the real-time temperature collected by the temperature sensor.

[0017] Preferably, the charging steps for the energy storage unit include:

[0018] (1) The control system detects the remaining power of the energy storage unit and the external temperature data of the battery.

[0019] (2) Sort the energy storage units in order of remaining power from small to large, and charge the energy storage units according to the sorting order. The control system allocates the charging power to the energy storage unit 8 according to the power generation of the power generation unit and the temperature data of the energy storage unit, giving priority to charging the supercapacitor and then charging the battery.

[0020] (3) During charging, if the real-time temperature data is less than the preset temperature threshold, the appropriate charging power will be used to charge the energy storage unit; if the real-time temperature data is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the charging of the current energy storage unit will be stopped and the charging power will be allocated to other energy storage units for charging.

[0021] (4) The charging time of the battery is calculated in a segmented charging method. During the first charge, the charging time is calculated based on 95% of its full charge. After the charging is completed, the system re-detects the remaining battery power. Subsequent charging time calculations will be based on the full charge state and the charging time will be recalculated.

[0022] (5) After the battery is finished charging, the control system re-detects the remaining battery power. When the remaining battery power reaches the preset threshold, the system considers it to be fully charged and stops charging the battery.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention relates to a marine photovoltaic charging device and control system, which features the ability to provide new energy power for electric vessels at sea. In specific applications, this marine photovoltaic charging device and control system has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This paper proposes an offshore charging device for new energy vessels to address range anxiety, increase their operational range, and provide comprehensive equipment support for the development of new energy vessels. It also proposes an offshore charging management and monitoring system that uses electricity generated by offshore wind and solar power platforms to charge new energy vessels. By real-time detection and monitoring of data from the power generation platform and charging device, the system can be dynamically adjusted to achieve optimal planning of vessel charging solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] For ease of explanation, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A diagram of the contraction structure;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 The front view;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial structural sectional view;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of the auxiliary float;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The front view;

[0032] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the charging device structure;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Right view of the charging port;

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the clamping device;

[0036] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the edge guard plate of the clamping mechanism;

[0037] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the mounting plate of the clamping mechanism;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the charging device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the control method of the control system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of the control system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a charging flowchart of the energy storage unit of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the control system structure of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Main float; 2. Auxiliary float; 3. Position adjustment device; 301. Clamping device; 302. First motor; 303. Second motor; 304. Arc rod; 305. Rotating shaft; 306. Column; 307. First column; 3011. Edge guard plate; 3012. Mounting plate; 4. Charging port; 501. Photovoltaic power generation device; 6. Processing unit; 7. Control unit; 8. Energy storage unit; 9. Electromagnetic device; 10. Permanent magnet; 11. First pressure sensor; 12. Buffer base plate; 13. Charging interface; 14. Buffer device; 15. Buffer spring mechanism; 16. Sealing ring; 17. Charging gun; 18. Second pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0044] like Figure 1-17 As shown, the specific implementation adopts the following technical solution:

[0045] Example:

[0046] A marine photovoltaic charging device includes a power generation unit, a main float 1, auxiliary floats 2, an energy storage unit 8, and a charging unit. The power generation unit includes a photovoltaic power generation device 501, which is mounted on the main float 1 and can convert light energy into electrical energy. Multiple ring-shaped auxiliary floats 2 are mounted on the main float 1 via rotating brackets. The rotation of the rotating mechanism is controlled by controlling the rotation of a motor, thereby controlling the initial orientation angle of the charging port 4. The charging unit is mounted on the auxiliary floats 2. The charging unit includes an attitude adjustment device 3 and a charging device. The attitude adjustment device 3 controls the rotation of the motor to deflect the angle of the charging port 4, giving the charging port 4 a certain angle adjustment capability relative to the charging gun 17.

[0047] The charging device includes a charging port 4 and a charging gun 17. The charging port 4 is mounted on the posture adjustment device 3 and has a flared opening design, which allows for quick insertion and removal of the charging gun 17. Multiple first pressure sensors 11 are installed inside the charging port 4. During charging, the first pressure sensors 11 transmit the pressure of the charging gun 17 against the inner wall of the charging port 4 to the processing unit in real time. The processing unit processes and analyzes the collected pressure data and sends control commands to the control unit to achieve posture adjustment. The charging port 4 on the regulating device 3 is precisely controlled. During charging, if excessive pressure is detected on the inner wall of the charging port 4, the charging operation will stop and the charging gun 17 will be ejected. A buffer device 14 is provided inside the charging port 4. The buffer device 14 includes a buffer base plate 12 and a buffer spring mechanism 15. One end of the buffer spring mechanism 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the charging port 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the buffer base plate 12. The buffer base plate 12 is slidably connected inside the charging port 4. The buffer device 14 is used to prevent the charging gun 17 from damaging the charging interface 13 inside the charging port when inserted into the charging port. The charging gun 17, comprising a charging gun body and a cable, includes a charging interface 13, a permanent magnet 10, and a sealing ring 16. The charging interface 13 is located at the front end of the charging gun body. The permanent magnet 10 is arranged in a ring at the front end of the charging gun body. The sealing ring 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the charging gun body. When the charging gun 17 is inserted into the charging port 4 for charging, the sealing ring 16 will tightly fit against the inner wall of the charging port 4, thereby preventing short circuits caused by water ingress into the charging port 4 during charging, which could damage the equipment. The charging gun body is connected to the ship via a cable at the tail end. The buffer base plate 12... The device is equipped with a charging interface 13, an electromagnet device 9, and a second pressure sensor 18. The charging interface 13 on the buffer base plate 12 matches the charging interface 13 at the front end of the charging gun body for ship charging operations. The electromagnet device 9 is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate 12. The opening and closing of the charging gun 14 and the charging port 4 are realized by controlling the magnitude of the magnetic force and the direction of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet device 9. The second pressure sensor 18 is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate 12. The second pressure sensor 18 is used to collect the pressure between the charging gun 14 and the buffer base plate 12 and transmit the collected data to the processing unit.

[0048] The posture adjustment device 3 includes a clamping device 301, a first motor 302, a second motor 303, an arc-shaped rod 304, a rotating shaft 305, a column 306, a first column 307, an edge guard plate 3011, and a mounting plate 3012. The second motor 303 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float 2, and the arc-shaped rod 304 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 303. The first motor 302 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float 2, and the rotating shaft 305 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 302. A column 306 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 305. The top of the column 306 slides through the arc-shaped groove in the middle of the arc-shaped rod 304 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping device 301. A charging port 4 is installed on the clamping device 301. A first column 307 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 305. The first column 307 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float 2. The clamping device 301 includes an edge guard plate 3011 and a mounting plate 3012. The mounting plate 3012 is disposed on the edge guard plate 3011.

[0049] A control system for a marine charging device includes a processing unit 6, a control unit 7, a charging device, and an energy storage unit 8. The processing unit 6, the control unit 7, the charging device, and the energy storage unit 8 are all disposed within a main buoy 1. The processing unit 6 is connected to the control unit 7, the control unit 7 is connected to the charging device, and the control unit 7 is connected to the energy storage unit 8.

[0050] The energy storage unit 8 includes a battery and a supercapacitor, connected in parallel. A temperature sensor is installed on the outside of the battery. Because solar power generation is affected by natural factors, resulting in significant fluctuations and intermittent operation, the parallel connection of the battery and supercapacitor leverages the supercapacitor's high charge / discharge efficiency and rapid response characteristics to address short-term power fluctuations. When power generation suddenly increases or decreases, the supercapacitor can quickly absorb or release energy to maintain the balance of the power system. For longer-term energy demands, the battery can provide a continuous power supply. Simultaneously, by introducing a supercapacitor into the energy storage unit 8, the battery is freed from high-frequency, high-power charge / discharge cycles. The supercapacitor can handle instantaneous high-power demands and frequent charge / discharge tasks, while the battery is used for more stable, low-frequency energy storage tasks. This reduces the battery's charge / discharge frequency during energy storage, thereby extending its lifespan and reducing operating and maintenance costs. The temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature, helping to control the charge / discharge process to prevent overheating and further protect the battery's lifespan.

[0051] A method for using a control system for a marine charging device, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Obtain current operating parameters, such as the ship's remaining power, the power generation capacity of the generator unit, the remaining power of the energy storage unit 8, and the real-time surface temperature of the battery.

[0053] Step 2: The control system adjusts the ship's charging power based on the current operating parameters;

[0054] Step 3: If the power generation of the power generation unit is greater than the ship's charging power, the control system charges it with the ship's maximum charging power; if the power generation is equal to the ship's charging power, the charging control system charges it with the average fluctuation of the power generation of the power generation unit; if the power generation is less than the ship's charging power, the processing unit 6 sends a discharge command to the energy storage unit 8, and the supercapacitor will release its energy first until its energy is completely released, and then the battery will release its energy.

[0055] Step 4: The control system detects that the ship is fully charged and stops charging the ship; the control system detects the remaining power of energy storage unit 8. If energy storage unit 8 is not fully charged, it will charge it.

[0056] In step three, when the battery is discharging, the control system acquires temperature data collected by the sensor in real time. If the battery temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the battery discharges normally; if the battery temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, the battery stops discharging and resumes normal discharge when the temperature drops below the preset temperature threshold; when the remaining battery power is less than the preset lower limit of remaining power, the battery stops releasing electrical energy.

[0057] In step four, the control system sorts the remaining power of the energy storage units 8 from smallest to largest and charges the energy storage units 8 according to the sorting order. The number of energy storage units 8 being charged at the same time matches the power generation of the power generation unit, and the charging power of the energy storage units 8 is adjusted according to the real-time temperature collected by the temperature sensor.

[0058] The specific steps for charging the energy storage unit 8 include:

[0059] (1) The control system detects the remaining power of the energy storage unit 8 and the external temperature data of the battery.

[0060] (2) Sort the energy storage units 8 in order of remaining power from small to large, and charge the energy storage units 8 according to the sorting order. The control system allocates the charging power of the energy storage units 8 according to the power generation of the power generation unit and the temperature data of the energy storage units 8, giving priority to charging the supercapacitor and then charging the battery.

[0061] (3) During charging, if the real-time temperature data is less than the preset temperature threshold, the appropriate charging power is used to charge the energy storage unit 8; if the real-time temperature data is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the charging of the current energy storage unit 8 is stopped and the charging power is allocated to other energy storage units 8 for charging.

[0062] (4) The charging time of the battery is calculated in a segmented charging method. During the first charge, the charging time is calculated based on 95% of its full charge. After the charging is completed, the system re-detects the remaining battery power. Subsequent charging time calculations will be based on the full charge state and the charging time will be recalculated.

[0063] (5) After the battery is finished charging, the control system re-detects the remaining battery power. When the remaining battery power reaches the preset threshold, the system considers it to be fully charged and stops charging the battery.

[0064] The invention is used as follows: When a ship approaches a marine photovoltaic charging device for charging, the charging gun 17 is inserted into the charging port 4 along the inner wall of the charging port 4. When the second pressure sensor 18 on the buffer plate 12 inside the charging port 4 detects a certain pressure, the control system is activated. The control system sends a control command to the electromagnet device 9, causing the electromagnet to generate magnetic force and interact with the permanent magnet 10 at the front end of the charging gun 17. If the second pressure sensor 18 detects a decrease in pressure, the control system will resend the command, changing the direction of the input current of the electromagnet device 9 to achieve a magnetic pole reversal, so that it interacts with the permanent magnet 10 at the front end of the charging gun. The magnetic poles remain opposite to ensure that the charging gun 17 and charging port 4 remain closed. If the second pressure sensor 18 detects that the pressure remains constant, the control command will remain unchanged. Simultaneously, the control system adjusts the input current of the electromagnet device 9 according to the pressure on the inner wall of the charging port 4 to control its magnetic force. If the pressure on the inner wall of the charging port 4 is low, the processing unit 6 sends a control command to the control unit 7 to reduce its input current, thereby reducing the power loss of the charging platform. If the pressure on the inner wall of the charging port 4 is high, the processing unit 6 sends a control command to the control unit 7 to increase its input current, thereby increasing the charging power. The magnetic attraction between the gun 17 and the charging port 4 is maintained. Simultaneously, the control system dynamically adjusts the posture of the charging port 4 based on real-time data collected by the first pressure sensor 11. The first pressure sensor 11, located on the inner wall of the charging port 4, sends the collected pressure data to the processing unit. After analyzing the data, the processing unit sends a command to the control unit. If the first pressure sensor 11 detects that the current pressure is less than a first threshold, the processing unit 6 maintains the original control command, and the posture adjustment device 3 will maintain its original posture. If the current force value is between the first and second thresholds, the processing unit 6 sends a control command to the control unit 7. Yuan 7 controls the first motor 302 and the second motor 303 to rotate, which drives the rotating shaft 305 and the arc rod 304 fixedly connected to them to deflect, thereby adjusting the position of the charging port 4 so that it deflects towards the side with greater pressure, until the first pressure sensor 11 detects that the force is less than the first threshold, and then stops the posture adjustment. If the posture adjustment device is already in the extreme position and the internal pressure value of the charging port 4 is less than the second threshold, the charging system continues to charge the ship. If the pressure on the inner wall of the charging port 4 is detected to be greater than the second threshold, the electromagnet device 9 will change the direction of the magnetic poles, thereby popping the charging gun 17 and stopping the charging operation.

[0065] After the charging gun 17 is pulled out of the charging port 4, the processing unit 6 sends a reset command to the control unit 7 to control the posture adjustment device 3 to return to the initial set position, so that it can be used by the next user.

[0066] A preset external temperature threshold for the battery is established. By comparing the real-time collected external temperature of the battery with the preset temperature threshold, the charging and discharging control of the battery is realized. A temperature sensor is installed on the outside of the battery to collect the temperature changes of the battery in real time. The collected data is transmitted to the processing unit 6. The processing unit 6 collects the data, processes and analyzes it, and issues control commands based on the analysis results.

[0067] During charging: The battery temperature is collected in real time by a temperature sensor and compared with a preset temperature threshold. If the real-time temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the battery is charged at the maximum charging power. If the real-time temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold but lower than the second temperature threshold, the charging power is dynamically adjusted according to the current battery temperature. In high-temperature environments, the charging power can be reduced to decrease heat generation. If the real-time temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, charging of the battery is stopped.

[0068] Discharge process: The temperature of the battery is collected in real time by a temperature sensor and compared with a preset temperature threshold. If the real-time temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the battery discharges at its maximum discharge power. If the real-time temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold but lower than the second temperature threshold, the discharge power is dynamically adjusted according to the current temperature of the battery to prevent the battery from continuing to heat up. The power gap is filled by the battery with normal temperature. If the real-time temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the high-temperature battery stops releasing electrical energy, and the missing electrical energy is provided by the battery with normal temperature.

[0069] The energy storage system monitors the remaining power of the batteries. The control system controls the charging and discharging strategy based on the power generation of the generator unit, the load output power, and the remaining power of the batteries, while avoiding overcharging or over-discharging of the batteries. In a specific example, the energy storage system monitors the remaining power of the batteries and sorts them according to the remaining power, prioritizing charging the battery with the least remaining power. The processing unit 6 calculates the charging time and optimal charging power based on the power generation, load output power, and remaining power of the batteries. If the charging power is greater than the maximum power required for battery energy storage, the energy storage system allocates the excess charging power to the battery with the second least remaining power, and so on, until all batteries have completed energy storage.

[0070] During battery charging, a lower limit threshold for remaining battery charge is set to prevent irreversible damage due to over-discharge. The energy storage system monitors the remaining battery charge in real time. If the real-time remaining charge is lower than the preset lower limit threshold, the processing unit 6 will issue a stop command to stop the battery from supplying power.

[0071] To avoid damage from overcharging the battery, a segmented charging method is adopted. During the first charge, the charging time is calculated based on the battery being 95% fully charged. After the first charge, the energy storage system checks the remaining battery capacity. Then, during the second charge, the charging time is calculated based on the battery being fully charged. After the second charge, the energy storage system again checks the remaining battery capacity. If the remaining capacity is greater than or equal to 99% of the full charge, the battery is considered fully charged, and charging stops. If the remaining capacity is less than 99%, the second charging step is repeated until the battery is fully charged.

[0072] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A marine photovoltaic charging device, comprising a power generation unit, a main buoy (1), an auxiliary buoy (2), an energy storage unit (8), and a charging unit, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes a photovoltaic power generation device (501), which is mounted on the main float (1). Multiple auxiliary floats (2) are installed on the main float (1) via rotating brackets. A charging unit is provided on the auxiliary floats (2), which includes a posture adjustment device (3) and a charging device.

2. The marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging device includes a charging port (4) and a charging gun (17). The charging port (4) is mounted on the posture adjustment device (3). The charging port (4) has a flared opening design. A first pressure sensor (11) is installed inside the charging port (4). A buffer device (14) is installed inside the charging port (4). The buffer device (14) includes a buffer base plate (12) and a buffer spring mechanism (15). One end of the buffer spring mechanism (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the charging port (4), and the other end of the buffer spring mechanism (15) is fixedly connected to the buffer base plate (12). The buffer base plate (12) is slidably connected inside the charging port (4). The charging gun (17) includes a charging gun body and a cable. The charging gun body is packaged with... The device includes a charging interface (13), a permanent magnet (10), and a sealing ring (16). The charging interface (13) is located at the front end of the charging gun body. The permanent magnet (10) is arranged in a ring at the front end of the charging gun body. The sealing ring (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the charging gun body. The charging gun body is connected to the ship through a cable at the tail end. The buffer base plate (12) is provided with a charging interface (13), an electromagnet device (9), and a second pressure sensor (18). The charging interface (13) on the buffer base plate (12) matches the charging interface (13) at the front end of the charging gun body. The electromagnet device (9) is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate (12). The second pressure sensor (18) is arranged in a ring on the buffer base plate (12).

3. The marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The posture adjustment device (3) includes a clamping device (301), a first motor (302), a second motor (303), an arc rod (304), a rotating shaft (305), a column (306), a first column (307), an edge guard plate (3011), and a mounting plate (3012). The second motor (303) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float (2), and the arc rod (304) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (303). The first motor (302) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float (2), and the rotating shaft (305) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (302). A column (306) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (305). The top of the column (306) slides through the arc groove opened in the middle of the arc rod (304) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping device (301). A charging port (4) is installed on the clamping device (301). A first column (307) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (305). The first column (307) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary float (2). The clamping device (301) includes an edge guard plate (3011) and a mounting plate (3012). The mounting plate (3012) is disposed on the edge guard plate (3011).

4. A control system for a marine photovoltaic charging device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It includes a processing unit (6), a control unit (7), a charging device, and an energy storage unit (8). The processing unit (6), the control unit (7), the charging device, and the energy storage unit (8) are all located inside the main buoy (1). The processing unit (6) is connected to the control unit (7), the control unit (7) is connected to the charging device, and the control unit (7) is connected to the energy storage unit (8).

5. The control system for a marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage unit (8) includes a battery and a supercapacitor. The battery and the supercapacitor are connected in parallel. A temperature sensor is provided on the outside of the battery.

6. The method of using the control system of a marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Obtain current operating parameters, such as the ship's remaining power, the power generation of the generator unit, the remaining power of the energy storage unit (8), and the real-time surface temperature of the battery. Step 2: The control system adjusts the ship's charging power based on the current operating parameters; Step 3: If the power generation of the generator unit is greater than the charging power of the ship, the control system charges it with the maximum charging power of the ship; if the power generation is equal to the charging power of the ship, the charging control system charges it with the average value of the power generation fluctuation of the generator unit; if the power generation is less than the charging power of the ship, the processing unit (6) sends a discharge command to the energy storage unit (8), the supercapacitor will first release its energy, and after its energy is completely released, the battery will release its energy. Step 4: The control system detects that the ship is fully charged and stops charging the ship; the control system detects the remaining power of the energy storage unit (8). If the energy storage unit (8) is not fully charged, it will charge it.

7. The method of using the control system of a marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, when the battery is discharging, the control system acquires the temperature data collected by the sensor in real time. If the battery temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the battery discharges normally; if the battery temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, the battery stops discharging and will resume normal discharge once the temperature drops below the preset temperature threshold. When the remaining battery power is less than the preset lower limit threshold, the battery stops releasing electrical energy.

8. The method of using the control system of a marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step four, the control system sorts the remaining power of the energy storage units (8) from small to large, and charges the energy storage units (8) according to the sorting order. The number of energy storage units (8) being charged at the same time matches the power generation of the power generation unit, and the charging power of the energy storage units (8) is adjusted according to the real-time temperature collected by the temperature sensor.

9. The method of using the control system of a marine photovoltaic charging device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps for charging the energy storage unit (8) include: (1) The control system detects the remaining power of the energy storage unit (8) and the external temperature data of the battery; (2) Sort the energy storage units (8) in order of remaining power from small to large, and charge the energy storage units (8) according to the sorting order. The control system allocates the charging power of the energy storage units (8) according to the power generation of the power generation unit and the temperature data of the energy storage units (8), giving priority to charging the supercapacitor and then charging the battery. (3) During charging, if the real-time temperature data is less than the preset temperature threshold, the appropriate charging power is used to charge the energy storage unit (8); if the real-time temperature data is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the charging of the current energy storage unit (8) is stopped and the charging power is allocated to other energy storage units (8) for charging. (4) The charging time of the battery is calculated in a segmented charging method. During the first charge, the charging time is calculated based on 95% of its full charge. After the charging is completed, the system re-detects the remaining battery power. Subsequent charging time calculations will be based on the full charge state and the charging time will be recalculated. (5) After the battery is finished charging, the control system re-detects the remaining battery power. When the remaining battery power reaches the preset threshold, the system considers it to be fully charged and stops charging the battery.

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