A solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system

Abstract

A solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system belongs to the field of solar thermochemical technology. Traditional solar-heated, high-temperature thermochemical carbon removal processes are affected by the variable solar-meteorological environment, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency and poor engineering applicability. The workstation predicts future meteorological data based on meteorological data acquired by a meteorological environment monitoring station. This data is input into a multi-field coupled numerical model of the thermochemical reactor within the workstation, simulating reaction performance indicators for different reaction types and operating parameters in the future. The corresponding economic and environmental benefits are calculated based on each reaction performance indicator. An optimization algorithm is then used to select the optimal reaction type and operating parameters corresponding to the multiple economic and environmental benefits as the optimal control variables for the thermochemical carbon removal system in the future, thereby maximizing the system's economic and environmental benefits over the entire time period. This system is used for efficient carbon removal and solar fuel production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a carbon removal system and belongs to the technical field of solar thermal chemistry. Background Art

[0002] As of July 2023, the global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration reached 419 ppm, 1.5 times the pre-industrial level and far exceeding the 350 ppm safety threshold for normal Earth development. Carbon removal and emission reduction efforts are urgent. Faced with severe energy and environmental challenges, thermochemical carbon removal technology offers a key and promising path for large-scale resource utilization of carbon dioxide. Combined with concentrated solar thermal technology to form an integrated clean energy system, this could further reduce carbon emissions by approximately 40% while significantly increasing the calorific value of fuels, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits. Under the current international landscape, pioneering the engineering application of this technology is of vital practical significance for the efficient resource utilization of carbon dioxide.

[0003] At present, high-concentration solar energy technologies represented by dish and tower solar thermal collection systems have achieved kilowatt-level and even megawatt-level engineering applications in the field of solar thermal power generation. However, the integrated solar thermochemical carbon removal system combined with high-concentration solar energy is still in the pilot-scale research stage. The main limitation is the low energy conversion efficiency and poor engineering applicability of the existing technology. In order to avoid the negative impact of the periodic and fluctuating changes in incident solar energy under natural conditions on energy efficiency, existing research tends to use solar simulators with constant input power instead of natural light sources, and then focus on how to achieve energy efficiency optimization. Current research work can be summarized into three levels: (1) Developing oxygen carrier materials with high reactivity, high selectivity, and high cyclic stability at low reaction temperatures; (2) Optimizing the design structure of the reaction device to enhance internal heat and mass transfer and reduce external heat loss; (3) Using the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis to construct a hybrid reaction system, or combining other renewable energy sources and utilization methods to form a multi-energy complementary system. However, integrating thermochemical carbon removal technology with the actual solar and meteorological environment is a key challenge facing engineering applications. Traditional research often views solar energy as a simple energy source, ignoring the underlying influences and potential value of the solar and meteorological environment, which limits its engineering application. Therefore, research on oxygen carriers, reaction devices, and system integration must be combined with the solar and meteorological environment to achieve the best possible match, in order to achieve a true system efficiency optimization solution for engineering applications.

[0004] Existing thermochemical carbon removal technologies include four reaction pathways: ① direct pyrolysis; ② two-step oxidation-reduction; ③ methane-assisted reduction (methane chemical chain reforming); ④ methane dry reforming. As the content of reducing gas (CH4) in the feed gas increases, the reaction temperatures required for the above four systems decrease one by one, and the corresponding engineering application difficulty also decreases. At present, only methane dry reforming technology has achieved preliminary industrial application, but it has not yet been effectively combined with solar concentrating technology. In addition, the technical principle of direct pyrolysis reduction of CO2 is the simplest and can be achieved with only one-step reaction. However, according to the Gibbs free energy required for the CO2 cracking reaction, the reaction can only proceed spontaneously when the temperature reaches 3270K or above, so the prospects for practical application are not optimistic. In contrast, Figure 1 The two-step redox reaction uses a variable-valence metal oxygen carrier as a reaction medium, decomposing the original one-step reaction into two steps. While significantly reducing the reaction temperature, it avoids the separation step of the product gas. It has become one of the research hotspots in the field of solar thermochemistry.

[0005] Methane-assisted reduction reaction is an emerging thermochemical carbon removal technology method in recent years, and related research is not in-depth enough. This reaction is also based on a two-step redox process of variable-valence metal oxygen carriers. The only difference in operation is that CH4 is introduced as an auxiliary reaction gas during the reduction stage, and a partial oxidation reaction occurs under the action of the oxygen carrier. Compared with the two-step redox reaction system, the methane-assisted reduction reaction requires a relatively low reaction temperature and is more suitable for periods of low solar flux density. In addition, due to the introduction of a reducing gas atmosphere (CH4), the cracking ability and reaction activity of the oxygen carrier are significantly improved, and the overall energy conversion efficiency can reach about 10%, with significant economic benefits. By comparison, it was found that the two-step redox system can directly reduce CO2 under conditions of high solar flux density, with obvious environmental advantages.

[0006] Therefore, the traditional solar high-temperature thermochemical carbon removal process is affected by the solar meteorological environment, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency, low overall system benefits, and poor practical engineering applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of low energy conversion efficiency and poor engineering applicability in traditional solar high-temperature thermochemical decarbonization processes, which are affected by the solar meteorological environment. A solar meteorological environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction decarbonization system is proposed.

[0008] A solar-powered meteorological environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system, comprising a meteorological environment monitoring station, a reaction system, and a workstation;

[0009] Meteorological environment monitoring station, used to collect current meteorological data and transmit it to the workstation;

[0010] The workstation is configured to use a statistical extrapolation method to predict meteorological data for a future period based on current meteorological data, input the meteorological data for the future period into a multi-field coupled numerical model of a thermochemical reactor within the workstation, simulate reaction performance indicators for different reaction types and under different operating parameters for the future period, calculate corresponding economic and environmental comprehensive benefits based on each obtained reaction performance indicator, use an optimization algorithm to select an optimal reaction type and operating parameter corresponding to a plurality of economic and environmental comprehensive benefits as an optimal control variable for the future period, and send a control instruction to the reaction system based on the optimal control variable for the future period;

[0011] A variable-valence metal oxide catalytic material is arranged inside the reaction system. The reaction system is used to receive control instructions. When a future time period arrives, the variable-valence metal oxide catalytic material reacts with the external input raw gas according to the described reaction type and operating parameters to achieve efficient carbon removal and solar fuel production.

[0012] Preferably, the reaction system comprises a solar dish concentrator, a signal transmission wire, a flow controller, a gas pipeline, a thermochemical reactor, a gas analyzer, a gas storage tank and a gas cylinder;

[0013] The parallel sunlight is concentrated by the solar dish concentrator to form a high-density energy flow that is incident on the thermochemical reactor. The thermochemical reactor is filled with a valence-variable metal oxide catalytic material. Argon, methane and carbon dioxide are stored in the gas tank, which is connected to the thermochemical reactor by a gas pipeline.

[0014] The flow controller is used to receive control instructions from the workstation and control the flow of gas from the gas storage tank into the thermochemical reactor. The control instructions include controlling the flow rate of the gas, controlling the ratio of the gas, and controlling the on / off time of each gas. The control instructions are determined by the optimal control variables for the future time period obtained by the workstation;

[0015] The reaction products output from the thermochemical reactor are sent to gas cylinders for storage.

[0016] Preferably, the variable valence metal oxide catalytic material is an iron-based, nickel-based or cerium-based variable valence metal oxygen carrier.

[0017] Preferably, there are two types of reactions, namely a two-step redox reaction and a methane-assisted reduction reaction;

[0018] The two-step redox reaction is:

[0019] MO x →MO x-δ +0.5δO2 (Formula 1),

[0020] MO x-δ+δCO2→MO x +δCO (Equation 2),

[0021] Where M represents a metal element, δ represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CO2, and x is a positive integer;

[0022] The methane-assisted reduction reaction is:

[0023] MO y +εCH4→MO y-ε +ε(CO+2H2) (Formula 3),

[0024] MO y-ε +εCO2→MO y +εCO (Formula 4),

[0025] Where ε represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CH4 and y is a positive integer.

[0026] Preferably, the reaction products include hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0027] Preferably, the reaction system further comprises a pressure gauge;

[0028] The pressure gauge is used to measure the real-time pressure in the thermochemical reactor and transmit it to the workstation for display.

[0029] Preferably, the reaction system further comprises a thermocouple and a data acquisition instrument;

[0030] Thermocouple, used to measure the reaction temperature electrical signal in the thermochemical reactor in real time and transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to the data acquisition instrument;

[0031] The data acquisition instrument is used to transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to the workstation, which displays and records the reaction temperature.

[0032] Preferably, the reaction system further comprises a water pipeline and a water cooler;

[0033] The water cooler is connected to the thermochemical reactor through a water pipeline, and is used to cool the high-temperature area at the front end of the thermochemical reactor.

[0034] Preferably, the meteorological environment monitoring station includes a temperature measuring instrument, a solar radiation measuring instrument and a wind speed measuring instrument;

[0035] Temperature measuring instrument, used to measure the current ambient temperature;

[0036] Solar radiation meter, used to measure current solar irradiance;

[0037] Anemometer, used to measure the current wind speed.

[0038] Preferably, based on each obtained reaction performance index, the corresponding comprehensive economic and environmental benefits are calculated as follows:

[0039] B overal =B economic +B enviromental (Formula 5),

[0040] Among them, B overal For comprehensive economic and environmental benefits, B economic The economic benefits of solar fuel production, B enviromental For the environmental benefits of the carbon removal process,

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] in, Indicates the market price of unit mass H2, V CO Indicates the market price of unit mass CO, Indicates the market price of unit mass of CH4, Indicates the total weight of H2 produced at this stage, W CO Indicates the total weight of CO produced at this stage, Indicates the total weight of CH4 consumed at this stage, represents the economic cost of carbon removal at the current stage, Indicates the total weight of CO2 processed at this stage.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] This application, aimed at practical engineering applications, effectively combines the technical advantages of a two-step redox reaction and a methane-assisted reduction reaction through solar meteorological environmental prediction and adaptive optimization control methods. This allows for efficient recovery of carbon waste gases (CH4 and CO2) while converting them into high-value-added solar fuels (hydrogen and carbon monoxide), maximizing both economic and environmental benefits. This application has important theoretical and practical implications for the resource utilization of CO2, the efficient production of solar fuels, and the development of zero-carbon clean energy technologies.

[0046] The technical core of this application is to achieve real-time optimization control of the thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system through solar meteorological environment prediction and computational fluid dynamics simulation, so that it has adaptive adjustment function under the actual solar meteorological environment, and thus the entire system can always maintain the best operating state (optimal reaction type and operating parameters) under the changing meteorological environment, and ultimately maximize the comprehensive economic and environmental benefits.

[0047] The overall implementation steps of this application are as follows: (1) obtaining meteorological data such as solar irradiance, temperature, and wind speed through a meteorological environment monitoring station, and using existing meteorological data processing and related data statistical methods to obtain meteorological data forecasts for the short term in the future; (2) using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, using the above-mentioned meteorological data forecasts as input variables, and using the established thermochemical reactor multi-field coupling numerical model to carry out simulations to obtain key performance indicators such as carbon removal efficiency and system capacity under the corresponding meteorological conditions of the future time series; (3) taking the overall economic and environmental benefits of the system (i.e., considering both the system capacity and the economic benefits of carbon removal) into consideration With maximization as the goal, an optimization algorithm is used on the basis of numerical simulation of the reactor to select the reaction type that best suits the current solar meteorological conditions under the two reaction types (two-step redox reaction and methane-assisted reduction reaction), and at the same time, the optimal operating parameters (including raw gas flow rate, feed ratio, reaction time, etc.) are clarified; (4) at the corresponding moment, the optimal reaction system is switched by controlling the raw gas (only CO2 and Ar are introduced for two-step redox reaction; when Ar, CH4 and CO2 are introduced at the same time, it is methane-assisted reduction reaction), and at the same time, the optimal reaction operating conditions are achieved according to the simulation prediction results, ultimately maximizing the comprehensive economic and environmental benefits of the entire system.

[0048] Compared with the traditional solar high-temperature thermochemical carbon removal technology approach, the advantages of this application are: (1) starting from the perspective of adaptive optimization of the solar meteorological environment, prediction and optimization control are carried out according to actual meteorological data, which effectively alleviates the negative impact of solar energy volatility and intermittency on system production capacity, improves energy utilization efficiency, overall system benefits, and practical engineering applicability; (2) through the innovative idea of real-time switching between two reaction systems and model control optimization, the system can always select the best reaction type and operating parameters under the changing solar meteorological environment, thereby maximizing the comprehensive economic and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A comparison diagram of the two-step redox reaction and the methane-assisted reduction reaction;

[0050] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of a solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] Combine Figure 2 This embodiment describes a solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system, which includes a meteorological-environment monitoring station 5, a reaction system, and a workstation 18;

[0056] Meteorological environment monitoring station 5, used to collect current meteorological data and transmit it to workstation 18;

[0057] Workstation 18 is configured to use a statistical extrapolation method to predict meteorological data for a future period based on current meteorological data, input the meteorological data for the future period into a multi-field coupled numerical model of a thermochemical reactor within workstation 18, simulate reaction performance indicators for different reaction types and different operating parameters in the future period, calculate the corresponding comprehensive economic and environmental benefits based on each obtained reaction performance indicator, use an optimization algorithm to select an optimal reaction type and operating parameter corresponding to the multiple comprehensive economic and environmental benefits as the optimal control variable for the future period, and send a control instruction to the reaction system based on the optimal control variable for the future period;

[0058] A variable-valence metal oxide catalytic material is arranged inside the reaction system. The reaction system is used to receive control instructions. When a future time period arrives, the variable-valence metal oxide catalytic material reacts with the external input raw gas according to the described reaction type and operating parameters to achieve efficient carbon removal and solar fuel production.

[0059] After collecting the current meteorological data, the current meteorological data is processed by statistical extrapolation to obtain a high-resolution rolling meteorological data forecast value for the future with a step size of 10 seconds, a span of 10 minutes, and an update rate of 1 minute. Subsequently, the obtained high-resolution rolling meteorological data forecast value for the future is used as an input variable and input into the multi-field coupled numerical model of the thermochemical reactor to obtain the reaction performance indicators of carbon removal efficiency and production capacity under the corresponding meteorological conditions of the future time series. This embodiment can roll out the meteorological data of the future time period, thereby continuously switching the reaction type to achieve an efficient reaction. Moreover, the shorter the time period of the predicted future time period, the more accurate the predicted meteorological data and the better the reaction phenomenon.

[0060] The purpose of predicting meteorological data at future times is to obtain the optimal reaction type (determines the switching of the two reaction systems) and operating parameters (determines the raw material gas flow rate, feed ratio, reaction time, etc.) under the future time series, so as to select two-step redox reaction for carbon removal when the temperature is high, and select methane-assisted reduction reaction for carbon removal when the temperature is low, so as to improve the reaction efficiency and ultimately maximize the comprehensive economic and environmental benefits of the entire system.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction system includes a solar dish concentrator 1, a signal transmission wire 6, a flow controller 8, a gas pipeline 9, a thermochemical reactor 10, a gas analyzer 11, a gas storage tank 12 and a gas cylinder 17;

[0062] The parallel sunlight is concentrated by the solar dish concentrator 1 to form a high-density energy flow that is incident on the thermochemical reactor 10. The thermochemical reactor 10 is filled with a valence-variable metal oxide catalytic material. Argon, methane and carbon dioxide are stored in the gas tank 12. The gas tank 12 is connected to the thermochemical reactor 10 via a gas pipeline 9.

[0063] The flow controller 8 is used to receive control instructions from the workstation 18 and control the gas in the gas storage tank 12 to be passed into the thermochemical reactor 10. The control instructions include controlling the flow rate of the gas, controlling the ratio of the gas, and controlling the on / off time of each gas. The control instructions are determined by the optimal control variables for the future time period obtained by the workstation 18;

[0064] The reaction products output from the thermochemical reactor 10 are sent to the gas cylinder 17 for storage.

[0065] The primary energy source for the thermochemical reactor 10 is solar energy, which creates a high-temperature environment. The reactor is filled with a variable-valence metal oxide catalyst (which can be iron-, nickel-, or cerium-based). The thermochemical decarbonization process is completed when the temperature within the reaction chamber reaches the reaction conditions. The raw materials required for the reaction are methane and carbon dioxide collected from industrial waste and initially stored in a gas tank 12. The switching and delivery of the raw materials are accomplished under real-time control by a flow controller 8.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the variable valence metal oxide catalytic material is an iron-based, nickel-based or cerium-based variable valence metal oxygen carrier.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, there are two types of reactions, namely a two-step redox reaction and a methane-assisted reduction reaction;

[0068] The two-step redox reaction is:

[0069] MO x →MO x-δ +0.5δO2 (Formula 1),

[0070] MO x-δ +δCO2→MO x +δCO (Equation 2),

[0071] Where M represents a metal element, δ represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CO2, and x is a positive integer;

[0072] The methane-assisted reduction reaction is:

[0073] MO y +εCH4→MO y-ε +ε(CO+2H2) (Formula 3),

[0074] MO y-ε +εCO2→MO y +εCO (Formula 4),

[0075] Where ε represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CH4 and y is a positive integer.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction products include hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0077] Hydrogen and carbon monoxide, called synthesis gas, are discharged from the reactor outlet. A very small amount is sent to gas analyzer 11 for gas composition analysis and the results are transmitted to workstation 18. The vast majority of the reaction products are sent to gas cylinders 17 for storage or directly used as chemical feedstocks for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, ultimately forming liquid fuels or other chemical products.

[0078] Solar fuel production refers to the process of generating reaction products, and in this embodiment, solar fuel production refers to the process of generating hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction system further comprises a pressure gauge 7;

[0080] The pressure gauge 7 is used to measure the real-time pressure in the thermochemical reactor 10 and transmit the real-time pressure to the workstation 18 for display.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction system further comprises a thermocouple 16 and a data acquisition device 15;

[0082] Thermocouple 16 is used to measure the reaction temperature electrical signal in the thermochemical reactor 10 in real time and transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to the data acquisition device 15;

[0083] The data acquisition device 15 is used to transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to the workstation 18, and the workstation 18 displays and records the reaction temperature.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction system further includes a water pipeline 13 and a water cooler 14;

[0085] The water cooler 14 is connected to the thermochemical reactor 10 via a water pipe 13 . The water cooler 14 is used to cool the high-temperature area at the front end of the thermochemical reactor 10 .

[0086] In order to prevent damage caused by excessive concentration of thermal stress at the front end of the thermochemical reactor 10, a water cooler 14 is connected to the thermochemical reactor 10 through a water pipe 13, and cools the overheated part (high-temperature area) at the front end of the outer surface of the thermochemical reactor 10, while the other areas of the outer surface of the thermochemical reactor 10 are called low-temperature areas and do not need to be cooled.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the meteorological environment monitoring station 5 includes a temperature measuring instrument 2, a solar radiation measuring instrument 3 and a wind speed measuring instrument 4;

[0088] Temperature measuring instrument 2, used to measure the current ambient temperature;

[0089] Solar radiation meter 3, used to measure current solar irradiance;

[0090] The anemometer 4 is used to measure the current wind speed.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the corresponding comprehensive economic and environmental benefits are calculated based on each obtained reaction performance index:

[0092] B overal =B economic +B enviromental (Formula 5),

[0093] Among them, B overal For comprehensive economic and environmental benefits, B economic The economic benefits of solar fuel production, B enviromental For the environmental benefits of the carbon removal process,

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] in, Indicates the market price of unit mass H2, V CO Indicates the market price of unit mass CO, Indicates the market price of unit mass of CH4, Indicates the total weight of H2 produced at this stage, W CO Indicates the total weight of CO produced at this stage, Indicates the total weight of CH4 consumed at this stage, represents the economic cost of carbon removal at the current stage, Indicates the total weight of CO2 processed at this stage.

[0097] Reaction performance indicators include: carbon removal efficiency and production capacity, among which the total weight of CO2 processed at this stage Calculated from the carbon removal efficiency in the reaction performance index, the production capacity refers to the total weight of H2 produced at this stage and the total weight of CO produced at this stage.

[0098] The reaction principle of this embodiment:

[0099] The present invention involves two thermochemical reaction systems: a two-step redox reaction and a methane-assisted reduction reaction. The redox reaction requires high temperatures, corresponding to sufficient sunlight conditions, and offers significant environmental benefits. The methane-assisted reduction reaction requires low temperatures, corresponding to insufficient sunlight conditions, and offers significant economic benefits. By switching to the optimal reaction type in real time based on forecasts in a changing meteorological environment, the overall economic and environmental benefits of the system can be maximized. In addition, the switching of reaction types can be achieved only by the control instructions issued by the workstation 18 to the flow controller 8. If the workstation 18 determines that the optimal reaction type for the next time period is a two-step redox reaction, the control instruction issued to the flow controller 8 is to allow only CO2 and Ar to be introduced into the thermochemical reactor 10, and at the same time, according to the optimal operating parameters obtained by simulation calculation, the gas flow rate, the ratio of the introduced gas, and the gas shut-off time are controlled to achieve the optimal reaction conditions; if the workstation 18 determines that the optimal reaction type for the next time period is a methane-assisted reduction reaction, the control instruction issued to the flow controller 8 is to allow Ar, CH4, and CO2 to be introduced into the thermochemical reactor 10, and at the same time, according to the optimal operating parameters obtained by simulation calculation, the gas flow rate, the ratio of the introduced gas, and the gas shut-off time are controlled to achieve the optimal reaction conditions; when the reaction time ends, the reaction type is switched to the corresponding reaction type according to the predicted reaction type for the next time period, and the reaction of the next time period is completed according to the reaction type and operating parameters in the next time period; therefore, by switching the reaction type based on the prediction of the future meteorological environment, efficient and continuous carbon removal reaction and high-purity solar fuel production can be achieved;

[0100] The two reaction types mentioned above are two-step redox reaction and reduction and methane-assisted reduction reaction:

[0101] (1) Two-step redox reaction (M represents the metal element, δ represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CO2, and x is a positive number):

[0102] Reduction step: MO x →MO x-δ +0.5δO2 (Formula 1)

[0103] Oxidation step: MO x-δ +δCO2→MO x +δCO (Formula 2)

[0104] Overall reaction: CO2→0.5O2+CO (Formula 8)

[0105] (2) Methane-assisted reduction reaction (M represents the metal element, ε represents the stoichiometric number of CH4, and y is a positive number):

[0106] Reduction step: MO y +εCH4→MO y-ε +ε(CO+2H2) (Formula 3)

[0107] Oxidation step: MO y-ε +εCO2→MO y +εCO (Formula 4)

[0108] Overall reaction: CH4 + CO2 → 2CO + 2H2 (Formula 9)

[0109] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It should be understood that many modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments, and that other arrangements may be devised, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in ways other than those described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be employed in conjunction with other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system, characterized in that: The system includes a meteorological environment monitoring station (5), a reaction system and a workstation (18); A meteorological environment monitoring station (5) is used to collect current meteorological data and transmit it to a workstation (18); The workstation (18) is used to use a statistical extrapolation method to predict meteorological data for a future period based on current meteorological data, input the meteorological data for the future period into a multi-field coupled numerical model of a thermochemical reactor in the workstation (18), simulate reaction performance indicators under different reaction types and different operating parameters in the future period, and calculate the corresponding economic and environmental comprehensive benefits based on each obtained reaction performance indicator, use an optimization algorithm to select a reaction type and operating parameter corresponding to the optimal economic and environmental comprehensive benefits from multiple economic and environmental comprehensive benefits as the optimal control variable for the future period, and send a control instruction to the reaction system based on the optimal control variable for the future period; A variable valence metal oxide catalytic material is disposed within the reaction system. The reaction system is configured to receive control instructions and, when a future time period arrives, cause the variable valence metal oxide catalytic material to react with externally inputted raw gas according to the reaction type and operating parameters to achieve efficient carbon removal and solar fuel production. The reaction system includes a solar dish concentrator (1), a signal transmission wire (6), a flow controller (8), a gas pipeline (9), a thermochemical reactor (10), a gas analyzer (11), a gas storage tank (12) and a gas cylinder (17); The parallel sunlight is concentrated by the solar dish concentrator (1) to form a high-density energy flow that is incident on the thermochemical reactor (10). The thermochemical reactor (10) is filled with a valence-variable metal oxide catalytic material. Argon, methane and carbon dioxide are stored in a gas storage tank (12). The gas storage tank (12) is connected to the thermochemical reactor (10) via a gas pipeline (9). a flow controller (8) for receiving a control instruction from a workstation (18) to control the flow of gas from a gas storage tank (12) into a thermochemical reactor (10), wherein the control instruction includes controlling the flow rate of the gas, controlling the ratio of the gas, and controlling the on / off time of each gas, and the control instruction is determined by an optimal control variable for a future period obtained by the workstation (18); The reaction product output from the thermochemical reactor (10) is sent to a gas cylinder (17) for storage; The reaction system also includes a pressure gauge (7); A pressure gauge (7) is used to measure the real-time pressure in the thermochemical reactor (10) and transmit it to the workstation (18) for display; The reaction system also includes a thermocouple (16) and a data acquisition device (15); A thermocouple (16) is used to measure the reaction temperature electrical signal in the thermochemical reactor (10) in real time and transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to a data acquisition instrument (15); A data acquisition device (15) is used to transmit the reaction temperature electrical signal to a workstation (18), which displays and records the reaction temperature; The reaction system also includes a water pipeline (13) and a water cooler (14); The water cooler (14) is connected to the thermochemical reactor (10) through a water pipeline (13), and the water cooler (14) is used to cool the high-temperature area at the front end of the thermochemical reactor (10).

2. The solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable valence metal oxide catalytic material is an iron-based, nickel-based or cerium-based variable valence metal oxygen carrier.

3. The solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two types of reactions: two-step redox reaction and methane-assisted reduction reaction; The two-step redox reaction is: MO x →MO x-δ +0.5δO2 (Formula 1), MO x-δ +δCO2 →MO x +δCO (Formula 2), Where M represents a metal element, δ represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CO2, and x is a positive integer; The methane-assisted reduction reaction is: MO y +εCH4→MO y-ε +ε(CO+2H2) (Formula 3), MO y-ε +εCO2→MO y +εCO (Formula 4), Where ε represents the stoichiometric coefficient of CH4 and y is a positive integer.

4. The solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Reaction products include hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

5. The solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological environment monitoring station (5) includes a temperature measuring instrument (2), a solar radiation measuring instrument (3) and a wind speed measuring instrument (4); A temperature measuring instrument (2), used to measure the current ambient temperature; A solar radiation meter (3) for measuring the current solar irradiance; The wind speed meter (4) is used to measure the current wind speed.

6. The solar-meteorological-environment-adaptive thermochemical dual-reaction carbon removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to each reaction performance index obtained, the corresponding comprehensive economic and environmental benefits are calculated as follows: B overal =B economic +B enviromental (Formula 5), Among them, B overal For comprehensive economic and environmental benefits, B economic The economic benefits of solar fuel production, B enviromental For the environmental benefits of the carbon removal process, in, Indicates the market price of unit mass H2, V CO Indicates the market price of unit mass CO, Indicates the market price of unit mass of CH4, Indicates the total weight of H2 produced at this stage, W CO Indicates the total weight of CO produced at this stage, Indicates the total weight of CH4 consumed at this stage, represents the economic cost of carbon removal at the current stage, Indicates the total weight of CO2 processed at this stage.

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