Battery explosion-proof valve, battery top cover and battery

Abstract

The application provides a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery top cover and a battery, relates to the technical field of battery explosion-proof, and aims to improve the problem that the current explosion-proof technical solution can cause strong battery vibration and thus secondary risk. The battery explosion-proof valve comprises a valve body, air inlets and air outlets are arranged at opposite ends of the valve body; a movable piece is slidably arranged in the valve body and is arranged close to the air inlet; a pressure relief plate is arranged on the valve body and closes the air outlet; a buffer structure is arranged in the valve body and is located between the movable piece and the pressure relief plate, the buffer structure is fixedly connected with the movable piece, and one end of the buffer structure away from the movable piece is arranged opposite to the pressure relief plate. The application can effectively avoid the secondary risk caused by battery vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery explosion-proof technology, specifically to a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery top cover, and a battery. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are high-energy-density batteries. When a battery malfunctions due to improper charging, short circuits, or exposure to harsh environments such as high temperatures, it can generate a large amount of gas and cause a rapid increase in temperature, posing a risk of explosion. To address this, relevant technologies primarily involve creating a pressure relief vent on the battery cover and installing an explosion-proof diaphragm at the vent. When the internal temperature of the battery rises sharply and a large amount of gas is generated, the explosion-proof diaphragm is forced open by the increased internal pressure, allowing the gas to escape through the pressure relief vent and achieving the purpose of preventing an explosion.

[0003] In related technologies, batteries vibrate under the impact of depressurization during the depressurization process. Due to the lack of vibration reduction measures, the vibration of the battery may cause secondary risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery top cover, and a battery, which can improve the problem of secondary risks caused by battery vibration during depressurization in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery explosion-proof valve, comprising:

[0006] The valve body has an air inlet and an air outlet at opposite ends;

[0007] The movable part is slidably disposed within the valve body and is located near the air inlet;

[0008] A pressure relief plate is installed on the valve body and closes the air outlet;

[0009] A buffer structure is disposed within the valve body and located between the movable component and the pressure relief plate. The buffer structure is fixedly connected to the movable component, and the end of the buffer structure away from the movable component is disposed opposite to the pressure relief plate.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the buffer structure includes:

[0011] A fixing plate is fixed to the valve body and has a buffer hole.

[0012] The impact element is movably inserted into the buffer hole;

[0013] An elastic element, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the movable element and the impact element.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the impact member includes an impact portion and a movable portion connected to each other. The impact portion is disposed on the side of the fixed plate facing the pressure relief plate, and the movable portion is disposed in the buffer hole and extends between the movable member and the fixed plate. The side of the movable portion away from the impact portion is connected to the elastic member. The maximum distance between the side of the impact portion away from the movable portion and the pressure relief plate is less than the minimum stroke of the impact portion moving towards the pressure relief plate.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the impact portion has a first end near the fixed plate, the first end having a radial dimension greater than the diameter of the buffer hole, and / or the impact portion has a second end near the pressure relief plate, the second end being tapered in the direction near the pressure relief plate.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the movable part and the buffer hole are in clearance fit.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the movable component is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the valve body.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the pressure relief plate has pressure relief grooves formed on the side surface opposite to the movable member.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the pressure relief grooves include two grooves, which are arranged in a cross shape.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a battery top cover, comprising:

[0021] The cover plate has a pressure relief port;

[0022] The battery explosion-proof valve as described in the first aspect is disposed at the pressure relief port and is capable of communicating with the pressure relief port.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides a battery, including a battery explosion-proof valve as described in the first aspect or a battery top cover as described in the second aspect.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0025] In the embodiments of this application, a buffer structure is provided within the valve body. This buffer structure cooperates with the moving part and the pressure relief plate to transmit the impact force, which ultimately acts on the pressure relief plate, causing it to open and achieving the purpose of pressure relief. Furthermore, the buffer structure's cushioning effect reduces vibration during pressure relief, effectively preventing battery vibration due to pressure relief and reducing the probability of secondary risks to the battery. Specifically, when improper battery operation causes a sharp increase in internal battery pressure, the moving part is impacted by the internal air pressure and moves towards the pressure relief plate along the height of the valve body. Simultaneously, the moving part pushes the buffer structure towards the pressure relief plate until it contacts the plate, creating an impact force. The pressure relief plate is then opened by the impact force, allowing air pressure to escape from the outlet, thus achieving the pressure relief effect. Furthermore, during the process of the impact force being transmitted through the buffer structure impacting the pressure relief plate, the air pressure will also be relieved to a certain extent during the transmission process. In addition, the buffer structure can also play a buffering role, so that when the pressure relief plate is ejected from the valve body, it will not have too much impact on the overall structure of the battery. The battery will not need to vibrate to further relieve pressure. This can effectively reduce the impact of the explosion-proof valve on battery vibration, or even eliminate battery vibration, thereby effectively avoiding secondary risks caused by battery vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery top cover provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery explosion-proof valve provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the buffer structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact member provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Cover plate; 11. Injection port; 2. Positive electrode pressure column; 3. Negative electrode pressure column; 4. Battery explosion-proof valve; 41. Valve body; 411. Air inlet; 412. Air outlet; 42. Moving part; 43. Pressure relief plate; 431. Pressure relief groove; 44. Buffer structure; 441. Fixing plate; 4411. Buffer hole; 442. Impact component; 4421. Impact part; 4422. Moving part; 443. Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a battery top cover, mainly used to seal the battery, transfer the battery's electrical energy to the outside, provide a port for electrical connection to external devices, and protect the battery. It includes:

[0037] Cover plate 1 is provided with a pressure relief port;

[0038] Battery explosion-proof valve 4 is located at the pressure relief port and can be connected to the pressure relief port.

[0039] By installing the battery explosion-proof valve 4, an effective explosion-proof function and a buffering and vibration-damping function can be achieved, thereby preventing excessive vibration of the battery top cover and battery due to battery depressurization, which could lead to secondary risks. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effects brought by the battery explosion-proof valve 4 described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0040] Furthermore, the battery top cover also includes:

[0041] The cover plate 1 has a pressure relief port and a liquid injection port 11;

[0042] Positive electrode pressure post 2 is disposed on cover plate 1;

[0043] The negative electrode pressure column 3 is set on the cover plate 1 and is positioned opposite to the positive electrode pressure column 2. The liquid injection port 11 and the pressure relief port are both located between the positive electrode pressure column 2 and the negative electrode pressure column 3.

[0044] It should be noted that the positive electrode post 2 and the negative electrode post 3 on the cover plate 1 are connected to the positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece, respectively. The positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece are connected to the two poles of the battery cell, and the current is led out through the positive electrode post 2 and the negative electrode post 3. The electrolyte filling port 11 is mainly used to connect to an external electrolyte filling device to add electrolyte into the battery.

[0045] In addition, to facilitate the installation of the positive electrode post 2 and the negative electrode post 3, the cover plate 1 is provided with mounting holes for the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post. An elastic seal is provided between the post and the cover plate 1 to achieve a seal between them and prevent battery leakage.

[0046] When assembling the battery top cover, first place the elastic seal in the mounting hole of the pressure post on the cover plate 1, then insert the pressure post into the mounting hole, and apply pressure to the pressure post to press it against the elastic seal, thereby forming a reliable seal between the pressure post and the cover plate 1. When the pressure post is pressed onto the cover plate 1, the top of the pressure post contacts the connecting piece, and then the top of the pressure post is welded to the connecting piece.

[0047] It should also be noted that the battery top cover provided in this application is equipped with a battery explosion-proof valve 4, which can effectively prevent explosions and provide cushioning and vibration reduction, thereby preventing excessive vibration of the battery top cover and battery due to battery depressurization, thus avoiding secondary risks. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the battery explosion-proof valve 4 described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] The structure and working principle of the battery explosion-proof valve 4 are described in detail below:

[0049] Please see Figures 2 to 6 This application also provides a battery explosion-proof valve 4, comprising:

[0050] The valve body 41 has an air inlet 411 and an air outlet 412 at opposite ends;

[0051] The movable part 42 is slidably disposed within the valve body 41 and is located near the air inlet 411;

[0052] Pressure relief plate 43 is installed on valve body 41 and closes air outlet 412;

[0053] A buffer structure 44 is disposed inside the valve body 41 and located between the movable part 42 and the pressure relief plate 43. The buffer structure 44 is fixedly connected to the movable part 42, and the end of the buffer structure 44 away from the movable part 42 is disposed opposite to the pressure relief plate 43.

[0054] The technical solution provided in this application mainly involves setting a buffer structure 44 inside the valve body 41. The buffer structure 44 cooperates with the movable part 42 and the pressure relief plate 43 to transmit the impact force, which ultimately acts on the pressure relief plate 43, causing it to be pushed off the valve body 41, thus achieving the purpose of pressure relief. Additionally, the buffer structure 44 provides cushioning to reduce vibration during the pressure relief process, effectively preventing battery vibration due to pressure relief and reducing the probability of secondary risks to the battery. Specifically, when improper battery operation causes a sharp increase in internal battery pressure, the movable part 42 is impacted by the internal air pressure and moves towards the pressure relief plate 43 along the height direction of the valve body 41. Simultaneously, the movable part 42 pushes the buffer structure 44 towards the pressure relief plate 43 until the buffer structure 44 contacts the pressure relief plate 43, creating an impact force. The pressure relief plate 43 is then pushed out of the valve body 41 by the impact force, and the air pressure is discharged from the air outlet 412, achieving the effect of pressure relief. Furthermore, during the process of the impact force transmitted by the buffer structure 44 impacting the pressure relief plate 43, the air pressure will also be relieved to a certain extent during the transmission process. In addition, the buffer structure 44 can also play a buffering role, so that when the pressure relief plate 43 is ejected from the valve body 41, it will not have too much impact on the overall structure of the battery, and the battery will not need to vibrate to further relieve pressure. This can effectively reduce the impact of the explosion-proof valve on battery vibration, or even eliminate battery vibration, thereby effectively avoiding secondary risks caused by battery vibration.

[0055] Please see Figures 3 to 5 In some embodiments, the buffer structure 44 includes:

[0056] A fixing plate 441 is fixedly installed inside the valve body 41 and has a buffer hole 4411.

[0057] Impact member 442 is movably inserted into buffer hole 4411;

[0058] The elastic element 443 has two ends connected to the movable element 42 and the impact element 442, respectively.

[0059] In this embodiment, the fixed plate 441 has the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the valve body 41, and its outer peripheral edge is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the valve body 41. The movable member 42 is plate-shaped, and its shape is also the same as the cross-sectional shape of the valve body 41. The movable member 42 is clearance-fitted to the inner wall of the valve body 41, allowing it to move along the height direction of the valve body 41. This embodiment utilizes an elastic member 443 connected to the movable member 42, allowing the movable member 42 to remain within the valve body 41 without needing to be connected to the inner wall of the valve body 41. This gives the movable member 42 the ability to move, and allows it to transmit the pressure impact force to the elastic member 443. The end of the elastic member 443 facing away from the movable member 42 is connected to the impact member 442, which transmits the impact force to the impact member 442, enabling the impact member 442 to impact the pressure relief plate 43, thereby completing the pressure relief. During the process of transmitting the impact force to the impact member 442, the impact force of the air pressure is buffered by the elastic effect of the elastic member 443, thereby avoiding excessive impact force that could cause strong vibration of the battery as a whole.

[0060] Furthermore, regarding the fit between the elastic element 443 and the buffer hole 4411, the elastic element 443 is a spring with a maximum diameter smaller than that of the buffer hole 4411, so that the elastic element 443 can freely expand and contract within the buffer hole 4411. This avoids the fixed plate 441 limiting the elastic element 443, which would reduce the impact force of the impact relief plate 43 due to the obstruction of the fixed plate 441, and increase the working load of the elastic element 443, thus shortening its service life.

[0061] Further, please see Figure 6The impact member 442 includes an impact portion 4421 and a movable portion 4422. The impact portion 4421 is disposed on the side of the fixed plate 441 facing the pressure relief plate 43. The movable portion 4422 is disposed within the buffer hole 4411 and extends between the movable member 42 and the fixed plate 441. The movable portion 4422 can move along the axial direction of the buffer hole 4411, i.e., the height direction of the valve body 41, thereby pushing the impact portion 4421 to impact the pressure relief plate 43. The side of the movable portion 4422 away from the elastic member 443 is connected to the impact portion 4421. The maximum distance between the side of the impact portion 4421 away from the movable portion 4422 and the pressure relief plate 43 is less than the minimum stroke of the impact portion 4421 moving towards the pressure relief plate 43. By limiting the maximum distance between the side of the impact part 4421 away from the movable part 4422 and the pressure relief plate 43 to be less than the minimum stroke of the impact part 4421 moving toward the pressure relief plate 43, it can be effectively ensured that the impact part 4421 can reliably impact the pressure relief plate 43 when subjected to air pressure impact force. This avoids the situation where the impact part 4421 cannot impact the pressure relief plate 43 due to excessive elastic force of the elastic element 443 or excessive mass of the impact part 4421 or the movable part 4422, thus failing to complete the pressure relief. It should be noted that when the impact part 4421 impacts the pressure relief plate 43, the pressure relief plate 43 will not necessarily be ejected from the valve body 41 every time. It needs to be determined based on the preset connection strength between the pressure relief plate 43 and the valve body 41, which is equivalent to preset an explosion-proof threshold. When the gas pressure reaches the explosion-proof threshold, the impact force of the impact part 4421 impacting the pressure relief plate 43 can knock the pressure relief plate 43 away from the valve body 41, increasing the number of times the explosion-proof valve can be used. This avoids the situation where the pressure relief plate 43 is blown open even when the gas pressure does not reach the explosion-proof threshold, which would cause the explosion-proof valve to be scrapped.

[0062] It should also be noted that the side of the impact part 4421 away from the movable part 4422 is spaced apart from the pressure relief plate 43, so that the impact part 4421 can obtain a certain impact distance, thereby being able to better act on the pressure relief plate 43.

[0063] Furthermore, the impact portion 4421 has a first end near the fixing plate 441, the radial dimension of which is larger than the diameter of the buffer hole 4411, so that the side of the impact portion 4421 in contact with the fixing plate 441 can be limited by the fixing plate 441, preventing the impact portion 4421 from falling out of the buffer hole 4411. Also, the impact portion 4421 has a second end near the pressure relief plate 43, the second end being tapered in the direction near the pressure relief plate 43. If the impact portion 4421 has the aforementioned first and second ends, then the radial dimension of the second end facing the fixing plate 441 along the buffer hole 4411 is not limited; it can be larger than, equal to, or smaller than the diameter of the buffer hole 4411. If the impact portion 4421 only has a second end, then the radial dimension of the second end facing the fixing plate 441 along the buffer hole 4411 is larger than the diameter of the buffer hole 4411, preventing the impact portion 4421 from falling out of the buffer hole 4411. In this embodiment, the side of the impact portion 4421 facing the fixing plate 441 is circular, meaning the diameter of the circle is larger than the diameter of the buffer hole 4411, thus allowing the impact portion 4421 to be placed on the fixing plate 441. The side of the impact portion 4421 facing the pressure relief plate 43 is conical, with the tip of the cone pointing towards the pressure relief plate 43, thereby increasing the impact pressure on the pressure relief plate 43 and making it easier to break open the pressure relief plate 43.

[0064] In some embodiments, the movable part 4422 and the buffer hole 4411 are in clearance fit, which ensures that the movable part 4422 can move along the height direction of the valve body 41, and also allows the air pressure to be released by utilizing the gap between the movable part 4422 and the buffer hole 4411.

[0065] In some embodiments, the movable member 42 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the valve body 41. This ensures that the movable member 42 can move along the height direction of the valve body 41, while also allowing the air pressure to be released by utilizing the gap between the inner wall of the valve body 41 and the movable member 42.

[0066] In some embodiments, a pressure relief groove 431 is formed on the surface of the pressure relief plate 43 facing away from the movable member 42. The pressure relief groove 431 may have one or more grooves, where "multiple" refers to two or more grooves. In this embodiment, multiple pressure relief grooves 431 are provided, which helps to reduce the inherent strength of the pressure relief plate 43, making it easier for the pressure relief plate 43 to burst open and lowering the bursting threshold of the pressure relief plate 43.

[0067] Furthermore, the pressure relief grooves 431 include two grooves arranged in a cross shape, with the intersection aligned with the tip of the impact part 4421, reducing the difficulty of the pressure relief plate 43 bursting open. When the impact part 4421 moves towards the pressure relief plate 43 due to air pressure impact, it will impact the intersection. Because the impact contact point of the impact part 4421 on the pressure relief plate 43 is pointed, the pressure is relatively high, and the strength at the intersection is relatively low, making it easier for the pressure relief plate 43 to burst open, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure relief.

[0068] It should be noted that the impact component 442 is made of cemented carbide to ensure its rigidity and prevent damage during impact. Furthermore, the elastic component 443 is a spring made of stainless steel, which helps extend its service life.

[0069] In addition to providing the aforementioned battery explosion-proof valve 4 and battery top cover equipped with the battery explosion-proof valve 4, this application also provides a battery comprising:

[0070] This includes the battery explosion-proof valve 4 as described in any of the above embodiments, or a battery top cover equipped with the battery explosion-proof valve 4 as described above. With this configuration, the battery provided in this embodiment can effectively reduce the vibration generated during the explosion-proof process, avoiding other secondary risks caused by battery vibration. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the battery explosion-proof valve 4 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] It should be noted that the battery provided in this embodiment includes a casing, a battery cell disposed inside the casing, and a battery top cover sealing the opening of the casing. The battery cell has positive and negative electrodes, which are respectively connected to the positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece. The casing has good sealing performance, and when the battery top cover is disposed at the opening of the casing, it can form a sealed connection with the casing. Furthermore, after the electrolyte is added into the casing by the electrolyte injection device, the injection hole is sealed by the sealing pin. At this time, a completely sealed cavity is formed inside the casing.

[0072] The battery in this embodiment can be used as a power battery for new energy vehicles, new energy operating machinery, etc.

[0073] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, include: The valve body has an air inlet and an air outlet at opposite ends; The movable part is slidably disposed within the valve body and is located near the air inlet; A pressure relief plate is installed on the valve body and closes the air outlet; A buffer structure is disposed within the valve body and located between the movable component and the pressure relief plate. The buffer structure is fixedly connected to the movable component, and the end of the buffer structure away from the movable component is disposed opposite to the pressure relief plate. The buffer structure includes: A fixing plate is fixed to the valve body and has a buffer hole. The impact element is movably inserted into the buffer hole; An elastic element, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the movable element and the impact element; The elastic element is a spring, and the maximum diameter of the elastic element is smaller than the diameter of the buffer hole.

2. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact member includes an impact portion and a movable portion connected to each other. The impact portion is disposed on the side of the fixed plate facing the pressure relief plate. The movable portion is disposed in the buffer hole and extends between the movable portion and the fixed plate. The side of the movable portion away from the impact portion is connected to the elastic member. The maximum distance between the side of the impact portion away from the movable portion and the pressure relief plate is less than the minimum stroke of the impact portion moving towards the pressure relief plate.

3. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The impact portion has a first end near the fixed plate, the first end having a radial dimension greater than the diameter of the buffer hole, and / or the impact portion has a second end near the pressure relief plate, the second end being tapered in the direction near the pressure relief plate.

4. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable part is fitted with the buffer hole with a clearance.

5. The battery explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The movable component is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the valve body.

6. The battery explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief plate has pressure relief grooves formed on the side of its surface opposite to the moving part.

7. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure relief grooves include two grooves, which are arranged in a cross shape.

8. A battery top cover, characterized in that, include: The cover plate has a pressure relief port; The battery explosion-proof valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed at the pressure relief port and is capable of communicating with the pressure relief port.

9. A battery, characterized in that, Includes the battery explosion-proof valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 or the battery top cover as described in claim 8.

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