A double-slope connecting roadway multi-working face sectional mining method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of underground mining technology for both metals and non-metals, specifically relating to a multi-face segmented mining method with double-slope connecting roadways. The method includes: step (1) determining the stope height, stope length, and stope width; step (2) arranging the inclined ramp connecting roadway, ore access road, ore pass, and cutting shaft in the stope; step (3) conducting blasting and backfilling operations in the stope; and step (4) extracting ore from the collapsed rock (14). This invention improves ventilation, increases tunneling efficiency and production capacity, effectively solving the problems of poor ventilation and low long-term single-face tunneling efficiency caused by excessive length on one side of the single-heading excavation of the segmented rock drilling roadway in the existing inclined ramp segmented mining method, as well as the large amount of cutting work required for retreating backfilling from both sides to the middle and the insufficient subsequent blasting and ore extraction working faces that limit production capacity in the inclined ramp segmented mining method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground mining technology for both metals and non-metals, and specifically relates to a multi-face segmented mining method using a double-slope connecting roadway. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of underground mining technology for both metals and non-metals, segmented mining is one of the main mining methods. This method includes two types: raise preparation and ramp preparation. Raise preparation involves setting up raises on both sides of the stope to connect each segment. Rock drilling equipment and blasting materials are lowered through the raises to excavate segmented rock drilling tunnels. Deep holes are constructed, and ore is blasted from the middle of the stope to both sides. Only one central cutting shaft needs to be constructed to realize blasting operations on two working faces.

[0003] However, with the advancement of mining machinery and equipment, loader-driven ore extraction has become the mainstream, and ramp mining has gradually replaced raise mining. Generally, a turnaround ramp is used to connect different sections, specifically through a ramp connecting roadway. However, it's impossible to guarantee that this ramp connecting roadway is located in the middle of the stope. This results in excessively long sections of the single-heading excavation roadway starting from the ramp connecting roadway, leading to poor ventilation. Secondly, the mining sequence proceeds from both sides towards the middle (rampage connecting roadway), requiring the construction of a cutting shaft on each side of the stope, increasing the cutting workload. Furthermore, when the ramp connecting roadway is not located in the middle, subsequent mining results in only one blasting face, reducing the stope's production capacity.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to improve the layout of the inclined ramps and realize the layout of the double inclined ramp connecting roadway while minimizing the increase in engineering work. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-face segmented mining method with double-slope connecting roadways. This method can improve the ventilation effect, increase tunneling efficiency and production capacity, and effectively solve the problems of poor ventilation conditions and low tunneling efficiency of a single working face caused by the excessive length of one side of the segmented rock drilling roadway during single-heading excavation in the existing inclined slope mining segmented mining method, as well as the large amount of cutting work required for retreating mining from both sides to the middle and the insufficient subsequent blasting and ore-falling working face that limit production capacity caused by the single inclined slope connecting roadway reaching the stope in the inclined slope mining segmented mining method.

[0006] Technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention:

[0007] A method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway, the method comprising:

[0008] Step (1): Determine the stope height, stope length, and stope width;

[0009] Step (2): Arrange inclined ramp connecting roadways, ore access roads, ore chutes, and cutting shafts in the mining area;

[0010] Step (3): Conduct blasting and mining operations in the mining area;

[0011] Step (4): Extract ore from the collapsed ore.

[0012] In step (1), the thickness of the ore body is less than 15m. The mining area is arranged along the strike of the ore body. The height of the mining area is 40-60m, the length of the mining area is 80-120m, and the width of the mining area is the thickness of the ore body.

[0013] In step (1), the area is divided into a top pillar, a first section, a second section, and a third section along the height of the mining area. The top pillar is located at the top along the height of the mining area, and the first, second, and third sections are distributed from low to high along the height of the mining area.

[0014] The height of the top column is 5-7m, and the height of the first, second, and third sections is 14-16m.

[0015] The specific steps (2) are as follows: arranging stage transport roadways and inclined ramps in the footwall of the ore body; arranging drilling roadways near the footwall of the ore body; arranging double inclined ramp connecting roadways in the second and third sections to connect the segment drilling roadways; arranging multiple parallel ore exit routes in the first section to connect the segment drilling roadways; arranging a ore pass on one side of the stage transport roadway; and arranging a cutting shaft in the middle of the stope, with the cutting shaft connecting the first, second, and third sections.

[0016] One end of the ramp connecting tunnel is connected to the rock drilling tunnel, and the other end is connected to the ramp.

[0017] The specific layout of the ramp is a turnaround type, and the length of the outer section of the ramp allows the ramp connecting tunnel to be directly connected to the segmented rock drilling tunnel.

[0018] One end of each of the multiple parallel ore extraction routes is connected to the rock drilling tunnel, and the other end is connected to the stage transport tunnel.

[0019] The specific steps (3) are as follows: constructing upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes in the segmented rock drilling tunnel, using the cutting well as the free face for blasting, and retreating from the middle of the mining area to both sides, always maintaining at least two working faces for blasting operations.

[0020] The specific steps (4) are as follows: the collapsed ore is collected in the rock-drilling tunnel of a section under its own weight, and the loader transports it into the ore pass through the ore exit roadway.

[0021] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention provides a multi-face segmented mining method for double-slope connecting roadways. By improving the layout of the slopes, the double-slope connecting roadways connect the mining area, enabling multi-segment construction of segmented rock drilling roadways, reducing the single length of single-head excavation, improving ventilation, increasing the number of working faces, and improving construction efficiency.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a multi-face segmented mining method with double-slope connecting roadways. By arranging double-slope connecting roadways, the mining sequence can be from the middle to both sides. Only one cutting shaft needs to be constructed, and at least two working faces can always be provided for blasting operations, thereby improving production capacity. This effectively avoids the problem in the traditional single-slope connecting roadway where the mining sequence is from both sides to the middle (the location of the slope connecting roadway), requiring the construction of cutting shafts on both sides. When the slope connecting roadway is not in the middle, only one working face can be used for blasting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of multi-face segmented mining in a double-slope connecting roadway provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 BB cross-section;

[0026] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view of C1-C1;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view of C2-C2;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 The C3-C3 cross-section.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Ore body, 2-Pillar, 3-Section 1, 4-Section 2, 5-Section 3, 6-Stage transport roadway, 7-Inclined ramp, 8-Inclined ramp connecting roadway, 9-Drilling roadway, 10-Ore exit roadway, 11-Ore chute, 12-Cutting shaft, 13-Upward fan-shaped medium-deep hole, 14-Collapsed ore. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] The present invention provides a multi-face segmented mining method for a double-slope connecting roadway, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0032] Step (1): Determine the stope height, stope length, and stope width.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, ore body 1 has a thickness of less than 15m, and the stopes are arranged along the strike of the ore body. The stope height is 40-60m, and the stope length depends on the length of the ore body and the stability of the rock mass, generally around 100m. The stope width is equal to the ore body thickness. The stopes are divided into four sections along the height: roof pillar 2, section 1 3, section 2 4, and section 3 5. The roof pillar is 5-7m high, and each section is 14-16m high.

[0034] Step (2): Arrange the inclined ramp connecting roadway 8, the ore exit roadway 10, the ore pass 11, and the cutting shaft 12 in the mining area.

[0035] A loader is used for ore extraction. During the lower section of the ore body, a transport roadway 6 and an inclined ramp 7 are used, with the inclined ramp serving to support the various sections. A drilling roadway 9 is located near the lower section of the ore body to reduce the difference in blast hole depth and improve the quality of drilling and blasting.

[0036] like Figure 4-5 As shown, double inclined ramp connecting lanes 8 are arranged in the second segment 4 and the third segment 5 to connect the segment rock drilling lanes 9. One end of the inclined ramp connecting lane 8 is connected to the rock drilling lane 9, and the other end is connected to the inclined ramp 7.

[0037] The specific layout of ramp 7 is a turnaround type. The length of the outer section of ramp 7 allows ramp connecting tunnel 8 to directly connect with segmented rock drilling tunnel 9.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, multiple parallel ore extraction access roads 10, spaced 10-12m apart, are arranged in section 3 to connect with the section drilling tunnel 9. One end of each ore extraction access road 10 is connected to the drilling tunnel 9, and the other end is connected to the stage transport level tunnel 6.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, a ore chute 11 is arranged on one side of the stage transport level roadway 6.

[0040] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a cutting shaft 12 is arranged in the middle of the mining area to connect section 3, section 4, and section 5.

[0041] Step (3): Conduct blasting and mining operations in the mining area.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in the segmented rock drilling tunnel 9, an upward fan-shaped medium-deep hole 13 is constructed, and the cutting well 12 is used as the free face for blasting. The mining is carried out in a retreating manner from the middle of the mining area to both sides, and at least two working faces are always maintained for blasting operations.

[0043] Step (4): Extract ore from the collapsed ore 14.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the collapsed ore 14, under its own weight, collects in the rock drilling tunnel 9 of section 3, and is transported by a loader through the ore exit 10 into the ore pass 11.

[0045] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All contents not described in detail in the present invention can be derived from existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway, characterized in that, The method includes: Step (1): Determine the stope height, stope length, and stope width; Step (2): Arrange the double-slope connecting roadway (8), ore access road (10), ore pass (11), and cutting shaft (12) in the mining area. Step (3): Conduct blasting and mining operations in the mining area; Step (4): Extract ore from the collapsed ore (14); In step (1), the mining area is divided into a top pillar (2), a first section (3), a second section (4), and a third section (5) along the mining area height. The top pillar (2) is located at the top along the mining area height direction, and the first section (3), the second section (4), and the third section (5) are distributed from low to high along the mining area height direction. The specific steps (2) are as follows: a stage transport roadway (6) and a ramp (7) are arranged in the footwall of the ore body; a drilling roadway (9) is arranged near the footwall of the ore body; a double ramp connecting roadway (8) is arranged in the second section (4) and the third section (5) to connect the segment drilling roadway (9); one end of the double ramp connecting roadway (8) is connected to the drilling roadway (9), and the other end is connected to the ramp (7); multiple parallel ore exit roads (10) are arranged in the first section (3) to connect the segment drilling roadway (9); a ore pass (11) is arranged on one side of the stage transport roadway (6); a cutting shaft (12) is arranged in the middle of the stope, and the cutting shaft (12) connects the first section (3), the second section (4) and the third section (5); by setting up a double ramp connecting roadway (8) to connect the segment drilling roadway (9), the segment drilling roadway (9) can be constructed in multiple sections, and the mining sequence is from the middle to both sides, and only one cutting shaft needs to be constructed.

2. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the thickness of the ore body is less than 15m. The mining area is arranged along the strike of the ore body. The height of the mining area is 40~60m, the length of the mining area is 80~120m, and the width of the mining area is the thickness of the ore body.

3. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the top column (2) is 5~7m, and the height of the first segment (3), the second segment (4), and the third segment (5) is 14~16m.

4. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific arrangement of the ramp (7) is a turnaround type. The length of the outer section of the ramp (7) allows the double ramp connecting tunnel (8) to be directly connected to the segmented rock drilling tunnel (9).

5. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of each of the multiple parallel ore extraction routes (10) is connected to the rock drilling tunnel (9), and the other end is connected to the stage transport tunnel (6).

6. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps (3) are as follows: construct an upward fan-shaped medium-deep hole (13) in the segmented rock drilling tunnel (9), use the cutting well (12) as the free face for blasting, and retreat from the middle of the mining area to both sides to carry out blasting operations, always maintaining at least two working faces.

7. The method for multi-face segmented mining using a double-slope connecting roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps (4) are as follows: the collapsed ore (14) is collected in the rock drilling tunnel (9) of the first section (3) under its own weight, and the shovel is transported and dumped into the ore pass (11) through the ore exit roadway (10).

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