High-limit holding and clamping type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of pile foundation construction, and discloses a height-limited clamping type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and a pile driver, the method comprising the following steps: S1, pile driver positioning, S2, pile hammer installation and leveling, S3, pile hoisting and feeding, S4, pile pressing position alignment, and S5, pile pressing and feeding. The present application also discloses a hydraulic hammer pile driver. Through synchronous improvement of the structure design and the construction method, the pile body of the to-be-constructed precast pile can pass through the pile hammer, the pile frame height is greatly reduced, the equipment gravity center is also greatly reduced, the risk of overturning is reduced, and the minimum construction height during precast pile construction is close to the length of a single-section precast pile; the minimum construction height required during construction of the present application is greatly reduced, so that it can be used in low-clearance scenes; through the clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device, the pile body side is clamped tightly, so that the pile stress point under hammering is moved to the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than the pile end, thereby avoiding the problem of pile head burst.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation construction technology, and in particular to a height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver. Background Technology

[0002] Hammer pile drivers have advantages such as fast construction, reliable quality, high load-bearing capacity, low cost, and wide applicability to various soil types, and are widely used in pile foundation engineering of various construction projects.

[0003] Hammer-driven pile drivers typically consist of a pile hammer, a pile frame, and a power unit. Traditional hammer-driven pile methods involve placing a pile cap on top of the pile and using various hammers (drop hammers, steam hammers, diesel hammers, and hydraulic hammers) to strike the pile cap and drive the pile into the designated stratum. While convenient and simple in principle, traditional hammer-driven pile drivers inevitably have a large pile frame height (the frame height equals the length of a single pile section + hammer height + hammer stroke + working height). This leads to the following disadvantages: 1) Inapplicability to low-clearance sites. The taller pile frame limits the application range of hammer-driven piles, making them unsuitable for low-clearance scenarios (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, and inside tunnels). 2) High site requirements. To prevent the pile driver from overturning during construction, the taller frame requires a larger chassis to ensure stability. This larger chassis further limits the application range of hammer-driven piles and increases equipment and construction costs. 3) Pile heads are prone to bursting. Due to structural reasons, the precast pile ends have dense reinforcement, and the elastic moduli of the reinforcement and concrete are inconsistent. Furthermore, the concrete at the pile ends is difficult to compact. The hammer blows to the pile top generate high compressive stress, while the rebound of the hammer generates tensile stress on the pile top. Continuous hammering can easily lead to pile top bursting.

[0004] Prior art, patent application number CN93241680.2, discloses a pile hammer and an indoor pile driver using the same. The pile hammer includes a hammer sleeve with a hole at the bottom; a pile cap that can pass through the hole and slide; a limiting device on the hammer sleeve for controlling the sliding range of the pile cap; the bottom of the pile cap has a first interface for engaging a pile; a weight slidably mounted on the upper part of the pile cap within the hammer sleeve and capable of striking the upper part of the pile cap from top to bottom; a positioning device on the weight for ensuring the weight acts on the pile cap, the positioning device being a second interface for engaging the upper part of the pile cap; and a lifting weight. The pile driver includes a hydraulic device that allows the weight to fall onto the pile cap; a first buffer pad device for cushioning the impact of the weight on the pile cap and / or a second buffer pad device between the pile cap and the hammer sleeve; the pile driver also includes a control unit, a power unit, and a guide frame device for tilting the pile hammer for transport or erecting it for operation or changing its height during operation; the pile driver also includes a chassis mounted on a traction machine that can drive the pile driver, on which the pile hammer and its guide frame are mounted; the pile driver also includes retractable anchoring legs for support and anchoring. Although this prior art can save some of the height of the pile frame, and the minimum construction height required during construction is equal to the length of a single pile section + hammer height + hammer stroke, it is still unusable in some low-headroom scenarios. In addition, it still uses the traditional method of hammering the pile head for pile driving, and the pile head is still prone to bursting.

[0005] Therefore, the existing height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver cannot simultaneously take into account the following aspects: the elevation positioning accuracy control of pile driving construction, the control of hydraulic hammer, the control of pile driving depth and direction, and the construction safety control. Only by taking measures such as coordinating construction methods and equipment improvements, and taking into account the above aspects, can the requirements for ensuring the engineering quality, safety and accuracy of the height-limited pile driving construction process be met.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a system that can be used in low-headroom environments, and through the synergy of improved equipment and construction methods, avoid pile head bursting, and meet the comprehensive needs of pile driving construction in terms of elevation positioning accuracy control, hydraulic hammer control, pile driving depth and direction control, as well as construction quality and construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art by providing a height-restricted clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving method and pile driver. Based on the various needs of pile driving in height-restricted scenarios, through the synergy of improved equipment and improved construction methods, it can take into account multiple aspects such as elevation positioning accuracy control, hydraulic hammer control, pile driving depth and direction control, as well as construction quality and construction safety control, thereby meeting the requirements of ensuring the engineering quality, safety and accuracy of the height-restricted pile driving construction process.

[0008] The technical solution is as follows:

[0009] A construction method for height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. The pile driver is positioned, and the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is moved to the height-limited construction area. The height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a tracked vehicle, a support frame, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is vertically slidably connected to the support frame. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a wedge-type pile gripping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil. The top plate of the gantry hammer frame has an avoidance notch in the middle. The hammer core and the anvil have a first through hole and a second through hole for inserting precast piles, respectively. The wedge-type pile gripping device has a pile gripping hole in the middle for gripping the precast pile. The tracked vehicle includes a hammering hydraulic control unit and a pile gripping hydraulic control unit.

[0011] S2. Installation and leveling of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving: First, install the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving on the tracked vehicle through the support frame and slide it vertically with the support frame. Then, level the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving. Next, connect the hydraulic control unit of the tracked vehicle to the hammer cylinder. Then, connect the hydraulic control unit of the tracked vehicle for pile driving to the hydraulic clamping cylinder of the wedge-type pile driving device.

[0012] S3. Pile feeding: Using the pile clamping hydraulic control unit to control the hydraulic clamping cylinder, the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device are adjusted to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device. Then, the precast pile to be constructed is lifted, and the lower end of the precast pile to be constructed is passed from top to bottom through the clearance notch of the hydraulic hammer of the clamping device, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile clamping hole. Then, the pile clamping hydraulic control unit controls the wedge-type pile clamping device to clamp the middle of the precast pile to be constructed. At this time, the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device and the bottom of the precast pile is less than the maximum height that the tracked vehicle can lift to the hydraulic hammer of the clamping device. Among them, the length of the precast pile to be constructed in a single section is less than the net height of the height-limited construction area.

[0013] S4. Align the pile driving position. The tracked vehicle carries the precast pile to be constructed to the side of the designated working face by using the clamp-type hydraulic hammer to drive the pile hammer. The bottom of the precast pile to be constructed is placed against the pile position on the working face. The support frame and the clamp-type hydraulic hammer are adjusted so that the inclination of the precast pile to be constructed corresponds to the design inclination of the precast pile.

[0014] S5. Pile driving: The hammer hydraulic control unit controls the two hammer cylinders to move up and down reciprocally. The two hammer cylinders drive the hammer core to move from top to bottom reciprocally to strike the anvil. The anvil acts on the wedge-type pile holding device, and the pile holding wedge of the wedge-type pile holding device drives the precast pile to sink and send the precast pile into the foundation.

[0015] Step S5 includes the following steps:

[0016] S51. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device and the working surface is less than 0.5m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders. Then, control the wedge-type pile clamping device to loosen its grip on the precast pile through the pile clamping hydraulic control unit, and adjust the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device. Then, use a tracked vehicle to lift the clamping hydraulic hammer along the pile top direction of the precast pile to the clamping position of the precast pile. After the wedge-type pile clamping device re-clamps the precast pile, continue to control the two hammer cylinders to move up and down to strike the anvil, and continue to drive the precast pile to sink through the pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device.

[0017] The length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the net height of the construction area with height restrictions. The pile foundation to be constructed includes multiple precast piles. Step S5 also includes the following steps:

[0018] S521. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance from the top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5m to 1m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders and loosen the grip on the next precast pile. Use the support frame to lift the clamp-type hydraulic hammer and move the clamp-type hydraulic hammer away from the next precast pile. Then lift the previous precast pile and pass the lower end of the previous precast pile through the clearance notch, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile gripping hole of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer from top to bottom. Then, control the pile gripping wedge of the wedge-type pile gripping device to grip the middle of the previous precast pile through the pile gripping hydraulic control unit.

[0019] S522, Pile splicing: The bottom of the previous precast pile is placed on the top of the next precast pile to splice the previous and next precast piles.

[0020] S523, Driving the previous precast pile: After the previous precast pile has completed the splicing operation with the next precast pile, the two hammer cylinders are controlled by the hammer hydraulic control unit to continue to move up and down to strike the anvil, driving the previous precast pile into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed.

[0021] A height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver for implementing the above-mentioned construction method includes a tracked vehicle, a support frame, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is mounted on the tracked vehicle via the support frame and is vertically slidably connected to the support frame. The tracked vehicle includes a hammer-operating hydraulic control unit and a pile-holding hydraulic control unit. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a wedge-type pile-holding device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammer-operating cylinders for driving the hammer core to strike the anvil from top to bottom. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device are respectively connected to the gantry hammer frame. The lower end of the hammer frame is connected to the anvil, which is installed above the wedge-type pile-holding device. The hammer core is vertically slidably connected to the portal hammer frame. The top center of the portal hammer frame is provided with an avoidance notch. The hammer core and the anvil are respectively provided with through holes for inserting precast piles. The wedge-type pile-holding device is provided with a pile-holding hole for holding the precast pile. The avoidance notch, through holes, and pile-holding holes are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom. The hammering hydraulic control unit and the pile-holding hydraulic control unit are respectively connected to the hammering cylinder and the wedge-type pile-holding device.

[0022] The gantry hammer frame includes a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail, and a second guide rail. The upper ends of the first and second guide rails are connected to the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device are connected to the lower ends of the first and second guide rails, respectively. The two sides of the hammer core are vertically slidably connected to the first and second guide rails, respectively. Two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core. The clearance notch is located in the middle of the hammer frame top plate. The through holes include a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is located in the middle of the hammer core, and the second through hole is located in the middle of the anvil. The clearance notch, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile-holding hole are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom.

[0023] The anvil includes an anvil body, a hammering pad, and a hammering buffer pad. The anvil body, hammering pad, and hammering buffer pad are all annular. An annular buffer groove is provided above the anvil body. The hammering buffer pad is installed in the buffer groove. The hammering pad is installed above the hammering buffer pad and matches and covers the opening of the buffer groove. The inner ring of the annular anvil body forms the second through hole.

[0024] The wedge-type pile-holding device includes a wedge-shaped cylinder, multiple pile-holding wedges, multiple hydraulic clamping cylinders, and multiple cylinder bases. The wedge-shaped cylinder has an inner cylinder hole that gradually expands from top to bottom into a frustum-shaped cone. The thickness of the pile-holding wedges gradually increases from top to bottom. The hydraulic clamping cylinder includes a clamping cylinder body and a clamping piston rod. The upper end of the clamping piston rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping cylinder body is connected to the bottom surface of the pile-holding wedges through the cylinder bases. The multiple pile-holding wedges extend and retract from bottom to top into the inner cylinder hole, and the inner surfaces of the multiple pile-holding wedges form the pile-holding hole.

[0025] The clamping hydraulic hammer for pile driving also includes four cylinder lifting lugs. The number of hydraulic clamping cylinders, pile-holding wedges, and cylinder bases corresponds to the number of cylinder lifting lugs. The four cylinder lifting lugs are evenly distributed and installed on the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping piston rod of each hydraulic clamping cylinder is hinged to each cylinder lifting lug.

[0026] The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer pads. The two pile hammer lifting lugs are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located on both sides of the clearance notch. The two limiting buffer pads are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located directly above the hammer core.

[0027] The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two first cylinder buffer washers and two second cylinder buffer washers. The two hammer cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame through the first cylinder buffer washers and the second cylinder buffer washers.

[0028] The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two cylinder covers. The hammer cylinder includes a hammer cylinder body, a cylinder fixing washer, and a hammer piston rod. Hammer lugs are provided on both sides of the hammer core. Cylinder mounting through holes are provided at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame. The hammer cylinder body passes through the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, the second cylinder buffer washer, and the cylinder mounting through hole from top to bottom. The outer side of the hammer cylinder body is fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing washer. The cylinder cover is pressed and closed on the outside of the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, and the second cylinder buffer washer, and is connected to the top surface of the top plate of the hammer frame. The lower end of the hammer piston rod is hinged to the hammer core through the hammer lugs.

[0029] The hammer core is also provided with sliding grooves on both sides, and the hammer core is vertically slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail through the two sliding grooves.

[0030] It should be noted that:

[0031] The aforementioned "first, second..." does not represent a specific quantity or order, but is merely used to distinguish the names.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] The advantages or principles of the present invention are explained below:

[0034] 1. The height-restricted clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver provided by this invention, based on the various needs of pile driving in height-restricted scenarios, through the synergy of improved equipment and improved construction methods, and through multi-faceted coordinated improvements, can take into account multiple aspects such as elevation positioning accuracy control, hydraulic hammer control, pile driving depth and direction control, as well as construction quality and construction safety control, etc., to meet the requirements of ensuring the engineering quality, safety and accuracy of the height-restricted pile driving construction process, especially to meet the height restriction construction conditions and construction requirements of a minimum clearance height of 3 meters.

[0035] 2. The height-restricted clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver provided by this invention are specifically based on the requirements of low headroom, high safety, high efficiency, and low noise in pile driving in height-restricted scenarios. This invention improves the equipment structure design and construction method simultaneously, enabling the equipment and construction method to work together, breaking through the limitations of existing technology, allowing the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed to pass through the pile hammer, thereby significantly reducing the height of the pile frame and the center of gravity of the equipment, reducing the risk of overturning, improving safety, and making the minimum construction height of the precast pile construction close to the length of a single precast pile. The minimum construction height required during construction is greatly reduced, making it suitable for use in scenarios with low headroom of 3 meters or more, and meeting various construction requirements.

[0036] 3. This invention, through simultaneous improvements to the structural design and construction method of piling equipment, enables the piling equipment and construction method to work together. The pile body of the precast pile to be constructed can pass through the piling hammer, significantly reducing the height of the pile frame and the center of gravity of the equipment, thereby reducing the risk of overturning and improving safety. At the same time, the minimum construction height during precast pile construction is close to the length of a single precast pile section. Compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during construction is significantly reduced, and the hammer core height and hammer core stroke height are also significantly reduced, without affecting the piling construction efficiency and piling quality. This allows the piling method and piling machine to be used in low-headroom scenarios. In addition, the piling machine uses a wedge-type piling device to hold the side of the pile body tightly. During the piling construction process, the force point of the pile being struck by the hammer is shifted to the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end. Therefore, it can solve the problem of pile head bursting under low stroke and high impact energy.

[0037] 4. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver equipment provided by the present invention uses the clamping wedge of the wedge-type pile clamping device to clamp the side of the pile body, so that the force point of the pile body being hammered during pile driving is moved to the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end. Therefore, the noise is low and the problem of pile head cracking will not occur, overcoming many shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0038] 5. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver equipment provided by this invention, through scientific structural design, coordinates with the construction method. This height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a tracked vehicle, a support frame, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a wedge-type pile-holding device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate downwards to strike the anvil. The gantry hammer frame, anvil, and hammer core are respectively provided with clearance notches and through holes for inserting precast piles. The wedge-type pile-holding device has a pile-holding hole in the middle for gripping the precast pile, allowing the pile body to pass through the pile hammer and be gripped by the pile-holding wedges of the wedge-type pile-holding device. Therefore, the height of the pile frame can be... The significantly reduced height, bringing the minimum construction height for precast piles close to the length of a single precast pile section, allows this piling machine to be used in low-clearance scenarios (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, inside tunnels, and under high-voltage lines). Compared to existing technologies, the reduced minimum construction height decreases the hammer core height and hammer core stroke height, making this piling machine not only suitable for ultra-low clearance scenarios but also more adaptable to side and corner pile construction, easier inclined pile construction, and lower requirements for work vessels in water construction. The reduced frame height also significantly lowers the equipment's center of gravity, reducing the risk of overturning, another advantage of this piling machine. Combined with this advantage, it can also be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammer piles.

[0039] 6. This invention provides a height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method. Through multiple steps, it adapts to the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving method. The method first inserts the pile body to be constructed into the through holes of the hammer core and anvil of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver, and then uses a wedge-type pile gripping device to hold the middle of the pile body. The hammer core then strikes the anvil, and the anvil transmits the hammering energy to the pile body through the wedge-type pile gripping device. Because the pile body can pass through the pile hammer, the length of a single pile section is not limited by the height of the pile hammer. The length of a single pile section can be flexibly adjusted according to the site conditions, reducing the number of joints. Furthermore, the pile driver assembled using this clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver has a significantly reduced overall height, resulting in better stability. The chassis base can also be significantly reduced, making the equipment lighter and more flexible and convenient during construction.

[0040] 7. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver and pile driving construction method provided by this invention have undergone many improvements in integration and coordination. These include through holes in the hammer core and anvil of the pile hammer, so that the hammer strikes the anvil and the anvil transmits the hammer energy to the wedge-type clamping pile device. The stress point of the precast pile is located at the contact position between the clamping wedge of the wedge-type clamping pile device and the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end. Therefore, the quality requirements of the precast pile body are reduced during the pile driving construction process. Precast piles of general quality can be constructed smoothly without the quality problem of pile head cracking. The construction method is not substantially limited by the significant improvement in the quality of the precast pile.

[0041] 8. The height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method provided by this invention, through its coordinated cooperation with a pile driver, can achieve the following: when the length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the net height of the height-limited construction area, the pile foundation to be constructed can be divided into multiple precast piles, and splicing operations can be carried out between the multiple precast piles. When the distance from the top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5m to 1m, the upper and lower precast piles can be spliced. This method is simple to construct, quick to splice, fast, and produces high-quality piles. It avoids the requirements of conventional pile driving on the construction site, reduces damage to municipal facilities and greening, and lowers the project cost.

[0042] 9. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver provided by this invention has an improved design that is scientific and reasonable, and fully considers the construction quality and the convenience of the construction process. The lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-striking cylinders of the pile hammer are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core, so that the two hammer-striking cylinders and the hammer core are not on the same axis as in the traditional way, making the structure more compact and the volume of the entire pile hammer is reduced by a factor of two, which is convenient for construction in narrow spaces. In addition, the double hammer-striking cylinders increase the stability of the hammer lifting and dropping.

[0043] 10. The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver provided by this invention adopts a gantry hammer frame, which allows the operator to directly observe the movement of the hammer core during construction and select appropriate operation steps and processes according to actual needs. In the prior art, when working in spaces with height restrictions, the space limitations, coupled with the vibration and noise during pile driving, inevitably affect the operator's observation and judgment of the equipment's operation, leading to safety hazards, misoperation, and other problems, thus affecting construction quality and efficiency. Therefore, the pile driver provided by this invention adopts a hollow hammer body design, which provides the operator with a wider field of vision and allows for one-button stopping of the hammer at any time, enabling the equipment to achieve a high level of safety and efficiency in construction operation.

[0044] 11. The gantry hammer frame of the clamp-type hydraulic pile driver provided by the present invention includes a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail, and a second guide rail. The two guide rails serve as both frame supports for the hammer frame and connecting parts to the wedge-type pile clamping device, as well as slide rails for the hammer core. It has multiple uses, a simple structure, and saves costs.

[0045] 12. The anvil of the clamp-type hydraulic pile driver provided by the present invention includes an anvil body, a hammering pad, and a hammering buffer pad. Preferably, the hammering buffer pad is made of steel wire rope. Using steel wire rope as the hammering buffer pad achieves a buffering effect, reduces noise, and increases the durability of the buffer part, thereby reducing the replacement of vulnerable parts and improving the service life of the equipment.

[0046] 13. The clamp-type hydraulic pile driving hammer provided by this invention includes a wedge-shaped cylinder, multiple pile-clamping wedges, multiple hydraulic clamping cylinders, and multiple cylinder bases. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-clamping device are connected to the lower ends of two guide rails of the gantry hammer frame, and the two sides of the hammer core are vertically slidably connected to the two guide rails. The wedge-type pile-clamping device and the hammer core are integrated, further breaking the spatial constraints of traditional pile caps and further shortening the overall hammer height. During operation, after the pile head enters the pile-clamping wedge of the wedge-type pile-clamping device, the hydraulic clamping cylinders are activated to push the pile-clamping wedges, fixing the entire pile to the equipment and preventing pile detachment under limited space conditions. This design not only improves construction efficiency but also enhances safety, protecting the equipment and the safety of construction personnel.

[0047] 14. The clamping hydraulic pile driver provided by this invention also includes four cylinder lifting lugs, two pile hammer lifting lugs, and two limiting buffer pads. The cylinder lifting lugs facilitate the hinge connection between the clamping piston rod and the bottom surface of the anvil, improving the flexibility of the hydraulic clamping cylinder and the anvil hinge connection. The pile hammer lifting lugs facilitate the hoisting of this pile driver. The two limiting buffer pads can reduce the impact on the top plate of the gantry hammer frame when the hammer core moves reciprocally upward, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0048] 15. The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver provided by the present invention has two hammering cylinders installed at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame through a first cylinder buffer washer and a second cylinder buffer washer, respectively. The two cylinder buffer washers can reduce the vibration impact of the hammering cylinders on the gantry hammer frame, and can ensure the smooth progress of the construction process. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a side view of the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamp-type hydraulic pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the clamp-type hydraulic pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a side view of the clamp-type hydraulic pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a bottom view structural diagram of the clamp-type hydraulic pile hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the clamp-type hydraulic pile driver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure.

[0057] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0058] 10. Wedge-type pile clamping device; 11. Wedge-shaped cylinder; 111. Inner cylinder hole; 12. Pile clamping wedge; 13. Hydraulic clamping cylinder; 131. Clamping cylinder body; 132. Clamping piston rod; 14. Cylinder base; 15. Pile clamping hole; 20. Anvil; 21. Second through hole; 22. Anvil; 221. Buffer groove; 23. Hammering pad; 24. Hammering buffer pad; 30. Hammer core; 31. First through hole; 32. Hammer lug; 33. Slide groove; 40. Gantry hammer. Frame, 41. Hammer frame top plate, 411. Clearance gap, 42. First guide rail, 43. Second guide rail, 50. Hammering cylinder, 51. Hammering cylinder body, 52. Cylinder fixing washer, 53. Hammering piston rod, 61. Pile hammer lifting lug, 62. Limiting buffer pad, 63. Cylinder lifting lug, 71. First cylinder buffer washer, 72. Second cylinder buffer washer, 73. Cylinder cover, 81. Precast pile, 82. Clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving, 91. Tracked vehicle, 92. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0060] The height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver provided by this invention are designed to enable the equipment and construction method to work together in low-clearance scenarios (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, inside tunnels, under high-voltage lines, etc.). The minimum height of the low-clearance scenario is 3m. This invention ensures the safety of equipment, materials, and personnel, as well as construction efficiency and quality. It does not increase the quality requirements of precast piles, reduces the risk of pile head bursting, and does not increase the overall construction cost of pile foundation driving. Through improved equipment and construction method coordination, and through multi-faceted improvements, this invention can simultaneously address multiple aspects such as elevation positioning accuracy control, hydraulic hammer control, pile driving depth and direction control, construction quality control, and construction safety control. This meets the requirements for ensuring the engineering quality, safety, and accuracy of the height-limited pile driving construction process, especially meeting the height-limited construction conditions and requirements of a minimum clearance height of 3 meters.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "install" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0064] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0065] Example 1:

[0066] See Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving method is provided in a project construction site with an indoor clearance height of 5.5 meters. This embodiment designs the pile frame height to be 5 meters and selects a single precast pile to be 3-4 meters high. By improving the equipment and the construction method, it meets various requirements for height-limited pile driving. The method includes the following steps:

[0067] S1. Positioning the pile driver: Move the height-restricted clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver to the height-restricted construction area. The height-restricted clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a tracked vehicle 91, a support frame 92, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 is vertically slidably connected to the support frame 92. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 includes a wedge-type pile gripping device 10, anvil 20, hammer core 30, gantry hammer frame 40, and two actuators for driving the hammer core 30. The hammering cylinder 50 reciprocates from top to bottom to strike the anvil 20. The top plate 41 of the gantry hammer frame 40 has an avoidance notch 411 in the middle. The hammer core 30 and the anvil 20 are respectively provided with a first through hole 31 and a second through hole 21 for inserting the precast pile 81. The wedge-type pile gripping device 10 is provided with a pile gripping hole 15 for gripping the precast pile 81 in the middle. The tracked vehicle 91 includes a hammering hydraulic control unit and a pile gripping hydraulic control unit.

[0068] S2. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 is installed and leveled. First, the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 is installed on the track vehicle 91 through the support frame 92 and vertically slidably connected to the support frame 92. Then, the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 is leveled. Next, the hammering hydraulic control unit of the track vehicle 91 is connected to the hammering cylinder 50. Then, the pile-holding hydraulic control unit of the track vehicle 91 is connected to the hydraulic clamping cylinder 13 of the wedge-type pile-holding device 10.

[0069] S3. Pile feeding: Using the pile clamping hydraulic control unit to control the hydraulic clamping cylinder 13, the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 are adjusted to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole 15 of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10. Then, the precast pile 81 to be constructed is lifted, and the lower end of the precast pile 81 to be constructed is passed from top to bottom through the avoidance notch 411, the first through hole 31, the second through hole 21, and the pile clamping hole 15 of the clamping hydraulic hammer 82. Then, the pile clamping hydraulic control unit controls the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 to clamp the middle part of the precast pile 81 to be constructed. At this time, the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 and the bottom of the precast pile 81 is less than the maximum height that the tracked vehicle 91 can lift to the clamping hydraulic hammer 82. Among them, the length of a single section of the precast pile 81 to be constructed is less than the net height of the height-limited construction area.

[0070] S4. The pile driving position is aligned. The tracked vehicle 91 carries the precast pile 81 to the side of the designated working face by using the clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 to drive the pile hammer. The bottom of the precast pile 81 is placed against the pile position on the working face. The support frame 92 and the clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 are adjusted so that the pile driving inclination of the precast pile 81 corresponds to the design inclination of the precast pile 81.

[0071] S5. Pile driving: The hammer hydraulic control unit controls the two hammer cylinders 50 to move up and down reciprocally. The two hammer cylinders 50 drive the hammer core 30 to move from top to bottom reciprocally to strike the anvil seat 20. The anvil seat 20 acts on the wedge-type pile holding device 10, and the pile holding wedge of the wedge-type pile holding device 10 drives the precast pile 81 to sink and send the precast pile 81 into the foundation.

[0072] S51. During the driving and driving of the precast pile 81, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 and the working surface is less than 0.5m, the striking action of the two hammer cylinders 50 is stopped first. Then, the clamping hydraulic control unit controls the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 to loosen its grip on the precast pile 81, and adjusts the multiple clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the clamping hole 15 of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10. Then, the tracked vehicle 91 is used to lift the clamping hydraulic hammer 82 along the pile top direction of the precast pile 81 to the clamping position of the precast pile 81. After the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 re-clamps the precast pile 81, the two hammer cylinders 50 are controlled to move up and down to strike the anvil 20, and the clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 continue to drive the precast pile 81 to sink.

[0073] This invention also provides a height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver to implement the above-mentioned construction method. It includes a tracked vehicle 91, a support frame 92, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 is mounted on the tracked vehicle 91 via the support frame 92 and is vertically slidably connected to the support frame 92. The tracked vehicle 91 includes a hammering hydraulic control unit and a pile-holding hydraulic control unit. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 includes a wedge-type pile-holding device 10, an anvil 20, a hammer core 30, a gantry hammer frame 40, and two hammering cylinders 50 for driving the hammer core 30 to strike the anvil 20 from top to bottom. The two sides of the hammer 10 are connected to the lower end of the gantry hammer frame 40 respectively. The anvil 20 is installed above the wedge-type pile holding device 10. The hammer core 30 is vertically slidably connected to the gantry hammer frame 40. The top of the gantry hammer frame 40 is provided with a clearance notch 411. The hammer core 30 and the anvil 20 are respectively provided with through holes for inserting precast piles 81. The wedge-type pile holding device 10 is provided with a pile holding hole 15 for holding the precast piles 81. The clearance notch 411, the through holes, and the pile holding hole 15 are vertically facing each other from top to bottom. The hammering hydraulic control unit and the pile holding hydraulic control unit are respectively connected to the hammering cylinder 50 and the wedge-type pile holding device 10.

[0074] It should be noted that the precast pile 81 described in this invention can be a precast concrete pile 81 of various structural shapes such as round pipe pile, square pipe pile, cylindrical pile, and square pile. Of course, the pile driver of this invention can also be used to construct steel pipe piles, steel sheet piles, wooden piles, etc.

[0075] The present invention provides an internally limited-height clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving method and pile driver. Through scientific structural design, the portal hammer frame 40, anvil 20, and hammer core 30 are respectively provided with clearance notches 411 and through holes for inserting precast piles 81. The wedge-type pile clamping device 10 has a pile clamping hole 15 in the middle for clamping the precast pile 81, so that the pile body of the precast pile 81 to be constructed can pass through the pile hammer and be clamped to the side of the pile body by the pile clamping wedges 12 of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10. Therefore, the height of the pile frame can be greatly reduced, and the minimum construction height of the precast pile 81 during construction is close to the length of a single precast pile 81, so that in some This piling machine can be used in scenarios with low headroom (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, inside tunnels, under high-voltage lines, etc.). Compared with existing technologies, the minimum construction height required during construction is reduced by the height of the hammer core 30 and the stroke height of the hammer core 30. This makes this piling machine not only suitable for ultra-low headroom scenarios, but also more adaptable to the construction of side piles and corner piles, and more convenient for inclined pile construction. It also reduces the requirements for the work vessel in water construction. Due to the reduction in frame height, the center of gravity of the equipment is also significantly lowered, which can reduce the risk of overturning. This is also an advantage of this piling machine. Combined with this advantage, it can also be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammer piles.

[0076] The construction method provided by this invention first inserts the pile body of the precast pile 81 to be constructed into the through hole of the hammer core 30 and anvil 20 of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82, and then uses a wedge-type pile holding device 10 to hold the middle part of the precast pile 81 to be constructed. Then, the hammer core 30 hammers the anvil 20, and the anvil 20 transmits the hammering energy to the pile body through the pile holding wedge 12 of the wedge-type pile holding device 10. Since the pile body of the precast pile 81 to be constructed can pass through the pile driver, the length of a single pile section is not limited by the height of the pile driver. The length of a single pile section can be flexibly adjusted according to the on-site construction conditions, reducing the number of joints. The pile driver composed of this clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 will have a significantly reduced overall height, thus improving its stability. The chassis base can also be significantly reduced, making the equipment lighter and more flexible and convenient during construction.

[0077] The hammer core 30 and anvil 20 of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving hammer 82 provided by the present invention are provided with through holes. The hammer strikes the anvil 20, and the hammer energy is then transferred from the anvil 20 to the wedge-type pile clamping device 10. The stress point of the precast pile 81 is located at the contact position between the pile clamping wedge 12 of the wedge-type pile clamping device 10 and the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end. The quality of the precast pile 81 is more guaranteed, so there will be no quality problem of pile head cracking.

[0078] The present invention provides a height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver, in which the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-striking cylinders 50 of the pile hammer are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core 30, so that the two hammer-striking cylinders 50 and the hammer core 30 are not on the same axis as in the traditional way, making the structure more compact and the volume of the entire pile hammer is reduced by a factor of two, which is convenient for construction in narrow spaces, and the double hammer-striking cylinders 50 increase the stability of the hammer lifting and dropping.

[0079] The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver 82 of this invention adopts a portal hammer frame 40, which allows the operator to directly observe the movement of the hammer core 30. When working in a space with limited height, there are bound to be some safety hazards due to space limitations and vibration and noise during pile driving. Therefore, the hollow hammer body design of this pile driver makes the operator's field of vision wider and can realize one-button stop at any time, so as to maximize the safety of equipment operation.

[0080] The gantry hammer frame 40 includes a hammer frame top plate 41, a first guide rail 42, and a second guide rail 43. The upper ends of the first guide rail 42 and the second guide rail 43 are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate 41. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device 10 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the first guide rail 42 and the second guide rail 43. The two sides of the hammer core 30 are respectively vertically slidably connected to the first guide rail 42 and the second guide rail 43. Two hammer-strike cylinders 50 are respectively installed at both ends of the hammer frame top plate 41. The lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer cylinders 50 are hinged to both sides of the hammer core 30. A clearance notch 411 is located in the middle of the top plate 41 of the hammer frame. Through holes include a first through hole 31 and a second through hole 21. The first through hole 31 is located in the middle of the hammer core 30, and the second through hole 21 is located in the middle of the anvil 20. The clearance notch 411, the first through hole 31, the second through hole 21, and the pile-holding hole 15 are vertically aligned from top to bottom. The two guide rails serve as both the frame support of the hammer frame and the connector to the wedge-type pile-holding device 10, as well as the slide rails for the hammer core 30, achieving multiple functions in one, with a simple structure and cost-effectiveness.

[0081] The anvil 20 includes an anvil body 22, a hammering pad 23, and a hammering buffer pad 24. The anvil body 22, hammering pad 23, and hammering buffer pad 24 are all annular. An annular buffer groove 221 is provided above the anvil body 22. The hammering buffer pad 24 is installed within the buffer groove 221, and the hammering pad 23 is installed above the hammering buffer pad 24, fitting snugly over the opening of the buffer groove 221. The inner ring of the annular anvil body 22 forms a second through hole 21. Preferably, the hammering buffer pad 24 is made of steel wire rope. Using steel wire rope as the hammering buffer pad 24 achieves a buffering effect, reduces noise, and increases the durability of the buffer component, thereby reducing the need for replacement of vulnerable parts and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0082] The wedge-type pile clamping device 10 includes a wedge-shaped cylinder 11, multiple pile clamping wedges 12, multiple hydraulic clamping cylinders 13, and multiple cylinder bases 14. The wedge-shaped cylinder 11 has an inner cylinder hole 111, which gradually expands from top to bottom to form a frustum cone shape. The thickness of the pile clamping wedges 12 gradually increases from top to bottom. The hydraulic clamping cylinder 13 includes a clamping cylinder body 131 and a clamping piston rod 132. The upper end of the clamping piston rod 132 is hinged to the bottom surface of the anvil 20. The clamping cylinder body 131 is connected to the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedges 12 through the cylinder bases 14. The multiple pile clamping wedges 12 extend and retract from bottom to top into the inner cylinder hole 111, and the inner surfaces of the multiple pile clamping wedges 12 form a pile clamping hole 15. The two sides of the wedge-type pile gripping device 10 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the two guide rails of the gantry hammer frame 40, and the two sides of the hammer core 30 are respectively vertically slidably connected to the two guide rails. The wedge-type pile gripping device 10 and the hammer core 30 adopt an integrated design, which further breaks the spatial constraints of the traditional pile cap and further shortens the overall hammer height. During operation, after the pile head enters the pile gripping wedge 12 of the wedge-type pile gripping device 10, the hydraulic clamping cylinder 13 is activated to push the pile gripping wedge 12 to fix the entire pile on the equipment, preventing the pile from falling off the equipment when space is limited. This design not only improves the construction efficiency but also improves the safety, protecting the equipment and the safety of construction personnel.

[0083] The construction method and equipment provided in this embodiment have been tested in the applicant's factory. In the factory with a height limit of 5.5 meters, the foundation pit is excavated to a depth of 2 meters and the length of a single pile is 4 meters. Under the height limit conditions of adjacent buildings, more than 20 ordinary quality precast concrete pipe piles can be continuously driven in, and the construction quality and efficiency meet the design requirements.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention can control the accuracy of pile driving elevation positioning. Since the construction environment is indoors, the space is relatively small, and the positioning accuracy of pile driving is required to be high. The present invention can accurately measure and position the elevation during the pile driving process.

[0085] The embodiments of the present invention significantly improve the working characteristics of the clamp-type hydraulic pile driver, greatly reduce the vibration and noise generated during the impact, and reduce the impact on surrounding buildings and equipment.

[0086] The embodiments of the present invention can precisely control the piling depth at the pile location. Through the coordination of piling, splicing and cutting operations of the equipment, the piling depth and elevation under the constraints of indoor space can be precisely controlled, ensuring that the piling depth and elevation meet the design requirements.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention can precisely control the piling direction, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the piling position.

[0088] This invention also addresses complex indoor construction environments by significantly lowering the equipment's center of gravity, ensuring construction quality and safety.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] The height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that: the clear height of the area to be constructed is 3 meters, and the design requirement for the depth of the pile foundation (multi-section precast pile splicing) of the single pile position to be constructed by the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is 19 meters and the pile position elevation is 0.5 meters, which is much greater than the clear height of the area to be constructed of 3 meters. The pile foundation of the single pile position to be constructed consists of 7 sections of precast piles 81, each section of precast pile is 3 meters long. Step S5 also includes the following steps:

[0091] S521. During the driving and driving of precast piles 81, when the distance from the top of the next precast pile 81 to the working surface is 0.5m to 1m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders 50, and loosen the grip on the next precast pile 81. Use the support frame 92 to lift the clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 and move the clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 away from the next precast pile 81. Then lift the previous precast pile 81 and pass the lower end of the previous precast pile 81 through the clearance notch 411, the first through hole 31, the second through hole 21, and the pile gripping hole 15 of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer 82 from top to bottom. Then, control the pile gripping wedge of the wedge-type pile gripping device 10 to grip the middle of the previous precast pile 81 through the pile gripping hydraulic control unit.

[0092] S522, Pile splicing: The bottom of the previous precast pile 81 is placed on the top of the next precast pile 81 to splice the previous precast pile 81 and the next precast pile 81.

[0093] S523, the previous precast pile 81 is driven into the foundation. After the previous precast pile 81 is connected to the next precast pile 81, the two hammer cylinders 50 are controlled by the hammer hydraulic control unit to continue to move up and down to strike the anvil 20, so as to drive the previous precast pile 81 into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed and the length of the penetrated pile foundation reaches 19 meters. The extra length of the 7th precast pile can continue to be driven until the set pile position elevation (0.5 meters above ground) is reached. If it cannot be driven into the foundation or exceeds the pile position elevation, the part exceeding the set elevation is cut off.

[0094] Based on the method provided in this embodiment, in other embodiments, the length of a single precast pile can be selected according to the actual situation, and the piles can be spliced ​​sequentially during construction. When the length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the clearance height of the construction area, the pile foundation to be constructed can be divided into multiple precast piles 81, and splicing operations can be carried out between the multiple precast piles 81. When the distance from the top of the next precast pile 81 to the working surface is 0.5m to 1m, the upper and lower precast piles 81 can be spliced. This method is simple to construct, quick to splice, fast, and produces high-quality piles. It significantly reduces the requirements of conventional pile driving on the construction site, reduces damage to municipal facilities and greening, and reduces project costs.

[0095] Example 3:

[0096] The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 is also provided with four hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs 63, two pile hammer lifting lugs 61, and two limiting buffer pads 62. The number of hydraulic clamping cylinders 13, pile wedges 12, and cylinder bases 14 corresponds to the number of hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs 63. The four hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs 63 are evenly distributed and installed on the bottom surface of the anvil 20. The clamping piston rods 132 of each hydraulic clamping cylinder 13 are hinged to each hydraulic cylinder lifting lug 63. The two pile hammer lifting lugs 61 are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate 41 and are located on both sides of the clearance notch 411; the two limiting buffer pads 62 are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate 41 and are located directly above the hammer core 30. The hydraulic cylinder lifting lug 63 facilitates the hinge connection between the clamping piston rod 132 and the bottom surface of the anvil 20, improving the flexibility of the hinge connection between the hydraulic clamping cylinder 13 and the anvil 20; the pile hammer lifting lug 61 facilitates the hoisting of this pile hammer; the two limiting buffer pads 62 can reduce the impact on the top plate 41 of the gantry hammer frame 40 when the hammer core 30 moves back and forth upward, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0097] Example 4:

[0098] The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention is basically the same as that in Embodiment 3, except that: the clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver 82 further includes two first cylinder buffer washers 71, two second cylinder buffer washers 72, and two cylinder pressure caps 73; the hammer cylinder 50 includes a hammer cylinder body 51, a cylinder fixing washer 52, and a hammer piston rod 53; hammer ears 32 are provided on both sides of the hammer core 30; and cylinder mounting through holes are provided at both ends of the hammer frame top plate 41. The hammer cylinder body 51 of the hydraulic cylinder 50 passes through the first hydraulic cylinder buffer washer 71, the hydraulic cylinder fixing washer 52, the second hydraulic cylinder buffer washer 72, and the hydraulic cylinder mounting through hole from top to bottom. The outer side of the hammer cylinder body 51 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder fixing washer 52. The hydraulic cylinder cover 73 presses and covers the outer side of the first hydraulic cylinder buffer washer 71, the hydraulic cylinder fixing washer 52, and the second hydraulic cylinder buffer washer 72, and is connected to the top surface of the hammer frame top plate 41. The lower end of the hammer piston rod 53 is hinged to the hammer core 30 through the hammer lug 32. The hammer core 30 is also provided with sliding grooves 33 on both sides. The hammer core 30 is vertically slidably connected to the first guide rail 42 and the second guide rail 43 through the two sliding grooves 33. The two hammering cylinders 50 of the clamp-type hydraulic pile driver 82 are installed at both ends of the top plate 41 of the hammer frame through the first cylinder buffer washer 71 and the second cylinder buffer washer 72, respectively. The two cylinder buffer washers can reduce the vibration and impact of the hammering cylinders 50 on the gantry hammer frame 40, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0099] The key point of the above embodiments of the present invention lies in the comprehensive analysis of the limitations of the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and the pile driver. Through the synchronous improvement and synergy of the structural design of the pile driver and the pile driving construction method, the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed can pass through the pile hammer, the pile frame height is greatly reduced, the center of gravity of the equipment is also greatly reduced, the risk of overturning is reduced, and the minimum construction height during precast pile construction is close to the length of a single precast pile. The minimum construction height required during construction is greatly reduced, thus making it suitable for use in low-headroom scenarios. The present invention uses a wedge-type clamping pile device to clamp the side of the pile body, which reduces the pile driving stroke while ensuring the impact energy and pile driving efficiency. Furthermore, it shifts the force point of the pile being struck by the hammer to the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end, thus preventing the pile head from bursting.

[0100] The prototype of this invention has been tested at the company's internal R&D testing site. Practical application has shown that the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver provided by this invention, combined with this construction method, can be used in low-clearance scenarios (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, inside tunnels, under high-voltage lines, etc. with a clearance height of 3-6 meters), and can meet the requirements of pile driving efficiency, pile driving quality and safety, and is less prone to the pile head cracking problem in conventional technologies.

[0101] The above-described embodiments of the present invention and actual construction tests show that, through the synergy of improved equipment and improved construction methods, and through multi-faceted coordinated improvements, the embodiments of the present invention can take into account multiple aspects such as elevation positioning accuracy control, hydraulic hammer control, pile driving depth and direction control, as well as construction quality and construction safety control during pile driving construction. This meets the requirements for ensuring the engineering quality, safety and accuracy of the height-restricted pile driving construction process, and in particular, it can meet the height restriction construction conditions and construction requirements of a minimum clearance height of 3 meters.

[0102] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention; any substitutions and improvements made without departing from the concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pile driver is positioned, and the height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is moved to the height-limited construction area. The height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a tracked vehicle, a support frame, and a clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver is vertically slidably connected to the support frame. The clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a wedge-type pile gripping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil. The top plate of the gantry hammer frame has an avoidance notch in the middle. The hammer core and the anvil have a first through hole and a second through hole for inserting precast piles, respectively. The wedge-type pile gripping device has a pile gripping hole in the middle for gripping the precast pile. The tracked vehicle includes a hammering hydraulic control unit and a pile gripping hydraulic control unit. S2. Installation and leveling of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving: First, install the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving on the tracked vehicle through the support frame and slide it vertically with the support frame. Then, level the clamp-type hydraulic hammer for pile driving. Next, connect the hydraulic control unit of the tracked vehicle to the hammer cylinder. Then, connect the hydraulic control unit of the tracked vehicle for pile driving to the hydraulic clamping cylinder of the wedge-type pile driving device. S3. Pile feeding: Using the pile clamping hydraulic control unit, the hydraulic clamping cylinder is controlled to adjust the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device. Then, the precast pile to be constructed is lifted, and the lower end of the precast pile to be constructed is passed from top to bottom through the avoidance notch of the hydraulic hammer driven by the clamping device, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile clamping hole. Then, the pile clamping hydraulic control unit controls the wedge-type pile clamping device to clamp the middle of the precast pile to be constructed. At this time, the wedge-type pile clamping device clamps the precast pile to be constructed. The distance between the clamping position and the bottom of the precast pile is less than the maximum height that the tracked vehicle can lift to drive the hydraulic hammer; wherein, the length of a single section of the precast pile to be constructed is less than the clearance height of the construction area with height restrictions; the wedge-type pile clamping device includes a wedge-shaped cylinder and multiple pile clamping wedges, the wedge-shaped cylinder has an inner cylinder hole, the inner cylinder hole gradually expands from top to bottom into a frustum-shaped cone, the thickness of the pile clamping wedges gradually expands from top to bottom, and multiple pile clamping wedges extend and retract into the inner cylinder hole from bottom to top, and the inner sides of the multiple pile clamping wedges form the pile clamping hole; S4. Align the pile driving position. The tracked vehicle carries the precast pile to be constructed to the side of the designated working face by using the clamp-type hydraulic hammer to drive the pile hammer. The bottom of the precast pile to be constructed is placed against the pile position on the working face. The support frame and the clamp-type hydraulic hammer are adjusted so that the inclination of the precast pile to be constructed corresponds to the design inclination of the precast pile. S5. Pile driving: The hammer hydraulic control unit controls the two hammer cylinders to move up and down reciprocally. The two hammer cylinders drive the hammer core to move from top to bottom reciprocally to strike the anvil. The anvil acts on the wedge-type pile holding device, and the pile holding wedge of the wedge-type pile holding device drives the precast pile to sink and send the precast pile into the foundation.

2. The construction method for height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device and the working surface is less than 0.5m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders. Then, control the wedge-type pile clamping device to loosen its grip on the precast pile through the pile clamping hydraulic control unit, and adjust the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device. Then, use a tracked vehicle to lift the clamping hydraulic hammer along the pile top direction of the precast pile to the clamping position of the precast pile. After the wedge-type pile clamping device re-clamps the precast pile, continue to control the two hammer cylinders to move up and down to strike the anvil, and continue to drive the precast pile to sink through the pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device.

3. The construction method for height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driving as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the net height of the construction area with height restrictions. The pile foundation to be constructed includes multiple precast piles. Step S5 also includes the following steps: S521. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance from the top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5m to 1m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders and loosen the grip on the next precast pile. Use the support frame to lift the clamp-type hydraulic hammer and move the clamp-type hydraulic hammer away from the next precast pile. Then lift the previous precast pile and pass the lower end of the previous precast pile through the clearance notch, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile gripping hole of the clamp-type hydraulic hammer from top to bottom. Then, control the pile gripping wedge of the wedge-type pile gripping device to grip the middle of the previous precast pile through the pile gripping hydraulic control unit. S522, Pile splicing: The bottom of the previous precast pile is placed on the top of the next precast pile to splice the previous and next precast piles. S523, Driving the previous precast pile: After the previous precast pile has completed the splicing operation with the next precast pile, the two hammer cylinders are controlled by the hammer hydraulic control unit to continue to move up and down to strike the anvil, driving the previous precast pile into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed.

4. A height-limited clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver, used to implement the construction method described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The system includes a tracked vehicle, a support frame, and a clamp-type hydraulic pile driver. The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver is mounted on the tracked vehicle via the support frame and is vertically slidably connected to the support frame. The tracked vehicle includes a hammering hydraulic control unit and a pile-gripping hydraulic control unit. The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver includes a wedge-type pile-gripping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to strike the anvil from top to bottom. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-gripping device are respectively connected to the lower end of the gantry hammer frame, and the anvil... Installed above the wedge-type pile-holding device, the hammer core is vertically slidably connected to the portal hammer frame. The top center of the portal hammer frame is provided with an avoidance notch. The hammer core and the anvil are respectively provided with through holes for inserting precast piles. The wedge-type pile-holding device is provided with a pile-holding hole for clamping the precast piles. The avoidance notch, through holes, and pile-holding holes are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom. The hammering hydraulic control unit and the pile-holding hydraulic control unit are respectively connected to the hammering cylinder and the wedge-type pile-holding device.

5. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The gantry hammer frame includes a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail, and a second guide rail. The upper ends of the first and second guide rails are connected to the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device are connected to the lower ends of the first and second guide rails, respectively. The two sides of the hammer core are vertically slidably connected to the first and second guide rails, respectively. Two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core. The clearance notch is located in the middle of the hammer frame top plate. The through holes include a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is located in the middle of the hammer core, and the second through hole is located in the middle of the anvil. The clearance notch, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile-holding hole are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom.

6. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The anvil includes an anvil body, a hammering pad, and a hammering buffer pad. The anvil body, hammering pad, and hammering buffer pad are all annular. An annular buffer groove is provided above the anvil body. The hammering buffer pad is installed in the buffer groove. The hammering pad is installed above the hammering buffer pad and matches and covers the opening of the buffer groove. The inner ring of the annular anvil body forms the second through hole.

7. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The wedge-type pile clamping device also includes multiple hydraulic clamping cylinders and multiple cylinder bases. Each hydraulic clamping cylinder includes a clamping cylinder body and a clamping piston rod. The upper end of the clamping piston rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping cylinder body is connected to the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge through the cylinder base.

8. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping hydraulic hammer also includes four cylinder lifting lugs. The number of hydraulic clamping cylinders, pile wedges, and cylinder bases corresponds to the number of cylinder lifting lugs. The four cylinder lifting lugs are evenly distributed and installed on the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping piston rod of each hydraulic clamping cylinder is hinged to each cylinder lifting lug.

9. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer pads. The two pile hammer lifting lugs are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located on both sides of the clearance notch. The two limiting buffer pads are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located directly above the hammer core.

10. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two first cylinder buffer washers and two second cylinder buffer washers. The two hammer cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame through the first cylinder buffer washers and the second cylinder buffer washers.

11. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The clamp-type hydraulic pile driver also includes two cylinder covers. The hammer cylinder includes a hammer cylinder body, a cylinder fixing washer, and a hammer piston rod. Hammer lugs are provided on both sides of the hammer core. Cylinder mounting through holes are provided at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame. The hammer cylinder body passes through the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, the second cylinder buffer washer, and the cylinder mounting through hole from top to bottom. The outer side of the hammer cylinder body is fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing washer. The cylinder cover is pressed and closed on the outside of the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, and the second cylinder buffer washer, and is connected to the top surface of the top plate of the hammer frame. The lower end of the hammer piston rod is hinged to the hammer core through the hammer lugs.

12. The height-limiting clamp-type hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The hammer core is also provided with sliding grooves on both sides, and the hammer core is vertically slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail through the two sliding grooves.

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