A method for preparing an ice ridge model

Abstract

A method for preparing an ice ridge model, comprising: placing a first ice layer and a second ice layer at intervals on the water surface of an ice water pool, the first ice layer being fixed relative to the ice water pool; moving the second ice layer so that the end of the second ice layer interacts with an ice blocking structure located in an ice crushing area to form an ice crushing body, with upper part of the ice crushing body being flipped over from the upper surface of the ice blocking structure and lower part of the ice crushing body being flipped over from the lower surface of the ice blocking structure; moving the ice blocking structure away from the first ice layer step by step, and repeating the formation of the ice crushing body after each movement of the ice blocking structure; when the total displacement of the ice blocking structure after multiple movements reaches a set displacement, stopping the movement and leaving the ice crushing area, and the ice crushing body is re-frozen to form an ice ridge model connected to the first ice layer and the second ice layer at the same time. The ice ridge model is prepared by simulating the actual ice ridge formation process, so that the physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are closer to the real polar sea ice, and more accurate sea ice environment data is provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the polar ship and ocean engineering technical field, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an ice ridge model. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ice ridge is a raised part formed by ice blocks of different sizes and shapes on the surface of sea ice under the combined action of wind, wave, current and other environmental dynamics after the sea ice is broken, and mainly comprises a ridge sail and a keel.

[0003] With global warming, the polar glaciers are melting continuously, which brings great opportunities to the development of polar resource exploitation and shipping industry, but also brings great challenges. When a ship sails in the polar region, it will inevitably collide with sea ice, which will seriously threaten the safety of the ship sailing in the ice area. In order to ensure the safety of the ship sailing in the ice area, it is of great significance to study the ice load. The ice ridge is generally large in size, and compared with other types of sea ice such as flat ice and broken ice, the formation of the ice ridge is more complex, and the randomness of the physical properties and mechanical properties is relatively increased.

[0004] The preparation of the ice ridge model is the basis for studying the properties of the ice ridge. In the engineering design of polar equipment, it is very important to establish the physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge, which can provide support for the research and development of polar equipment with basic data of sea ice environment.

[0005] At present, the ice ridge model is usually prepared by cutting an ice plate into a broken ice body and then applying an external force to the broken ice body to accumulate and form. This method for preparing the ice ridge model not only changes the strength of the ice ridge keel and ridge sail artificially, but also has certain differences from the actual ice ridge formation process, and cannot provide relatively accurate sea ice environment data. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior production technology, the present application provides a method for preparing an ice ridge model, so that the strength of the broken ice for forming the ice ridge model is more actual, the ice ridge model is prepared by simulating the actual ice ridge formation process, the physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are closer to the actual polar sea ice, and relatively accurate sea ice environment data are provided.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing an ice ridge model, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, pre-preparing a first ice layer and a second ice layer;

[0010] S2, placing the first ice layer and the second ice layer at intervals on the water surface of an ice water pool, the water area between the first ice layer and the second ice layer being a broken ice area, and the position of the first ice layer being fixed relative to the ice water pool;

[0011] S3, moving the second ice layer, so that the end of the second ice layer interacts with the ice blocking structure located in the ice crushing area, forming an ice crushing body between the ice blocking structure and the end of the second ice layer, the ice crushing body being divided into upper part ice and lower part ice, the upper part ice jumping over the upper surface of the ice blocking structure, and the lower part ice jumping over the lower surface of the ice blocking structure;

[0012] S4, moving the ice blocking structure away from the first ice layer step by step, and repeating step S3 after each movement of the ice blocking structure;

[0013] S5, when the total displacement of the ice blocking structure after multiple movements is a set displacement, the ice blocking structure stops moving and leaves the ice crushing area, one side of the ice crushing body being blocked by the first ice layer, and the other side of the ice crushing body being blocked by the second ice layer, the ice crushing body being re-frozen to form an ice ridge model connected to the first ice layer and the second ice layer at the same time.

[0014] Further technical solutions thereof are as follows:

[0015] A temperature chain is arranged in the ice crushing body between the first ice layer and the second ice layer in the vertical direction, and the longitudinal temperature distribution of the middle part of the formed ice ridge model is detected;

[0016] An underwater camera is used to detect the forming process and frozen shape of the underwater ice ridge model.

[0017] The side of the ice blocking structure opposite to the end of the second ice layer is an impact part for interacting with the end of the second ice layer, the upper part of the impact part is a first guide surface for guiding the upper part ice to jump over the upper surface of the ice blocking structure, and the lower part of the impact part is a second guide surface for guiding the lower part ice to jump over the lower surface of the ice blocking structure, and the included angle between the second guide surface and the water surface is an attitude angle;

[0018] Before step S3, the size of the attitude angle is set, and the attitude angle is locked;

[0019] After the preparation of one ice ridge model is completed, the size of the set attitude angle is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

[0020] The ice blocking structure is a rod-shaped structure with a quadrilateral cross section, and the axial direction of the ice blocking structure is parallel to the end of the second ice layer;

[0021] One protruding corner part of the ice blocking structure is the impact part, the inclined surface of the upper part of the impact part is the first guide surface, and the inclined surface of the lower part of the impact part is the second guide surface.

[0022] The ice water pool is provided with a pair of connecting structures, and the ice blocking structure is rotatably connected with the two connecting structures at two ends respectively, for rotating and adjusting the attitude angle between the second guide surface and the water surface.

[0023] The position of the ice blocking structure relative to the first ice layer is adjusted and fixed by adjusting the connecting structure, and after the attitude angle is set, the attitude angle is locked by the attitude adjusting structure installed on the connecting structure.

[0024] The attitude adjusting structure comprises a base plate, the two ends of the base plate are connected with a single connecting structure respectively, a lug is fixedly installed on the other side of the ice blocking structure opposite to the impact part, a adjusting rod is further included, the lower end of the adjusting rod is hingedly connected with the through hole of the lug, the upper end of the adjusting rod is a threaded part, a first nut and a second nut are installed on the threaded part, the first nut cooperates with the upper surface of the base plate, the second nut cooperates with the lower surface of the base plate, an elongated hole is arranged on the base plate and cooperates with the threaded part, the length direction of the elongated hole is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the ice blocking structure, and the position of the first nut and the second nut on the threaded part and the position of the threaded part in the elongated hole are adjusted, so that the size of the attitude angle is adjusted.

[0025] In step S3, the end of the second ice layer interacts with the ice blocking structure by reciprocating movement of the second ice layer, and the interaction mode includes impact and extrusion.

[0026] Before step S3 is performed, the size of the moving speed of the second ice layer is set.

[0027] After the preparation of one ice ridge model is completed, the moving speed is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

[0028] The ice water pool is provided with a servo driving mechanism, and the ice water pool is internally provided with an ice pushing plate, and the ice pushing plate is slidably connected with the ice water pool.

[0029] The output end of the servo driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the ice pushing plate, the servo driving mechanism drives the ice pushing plate to move, so that the end of the second ice layer interacts with the ice blocking structure.

[0030] The output end of the servo driving mechanism is connected with the ice pushing plate through a sensor, and the sensor is used to measure the size of the acting force between the output end of the servo driving mechanism and the ice pushing plate when the end of the second ice layer interacts with the ice blocking structure.

[0031] After the preparation of one ice ridge model is completed, the displacement amount is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0033] The application forms the broken ice by the way of the second ice layer impacting and extruding the ice blocking structure, and the broken ice strength of the ice ridge model is more close to the actual situation, the broken ice is refrozen between the first ice layer and the second ice layer, the ice ridge model is made by simulating the real ice ridge forming process, the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are more close to the real polar sea ice, and more accurate sea ice environment data is provided.

[0034] Meanwhile, the application also has the following advantages:

[0035] (1) The temperature chain is arranged in the middle of the ice ridge model by arranging the camera underwater, the time of the final forming is determined, the thickness of the ice ridge consolidation layer is monitored, the keel shape is monitored in real time, and the ice ridge model is in the best state when the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are measured.

[0036] (2) The posture angle of the second guide surface of the ice blocking structure is changed every time the ice ridge model is made, the ice amount of the upper part of the broken ice and the lower part of the broken ice is adjusted, the longitudinal section size of the ice ridge sail and the keel is changed, different ice ridge models are obtained, and more types of physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are obtained, so that the sea ice environment data is enriched, and more data support is provided for the research and development of the polar equipment.

[0037] (3) The moving speed is different, and the porosity of the finally made ice ridge model is related, the moving speed is changed, different porosity ice ridge models are obtained through multiple making, and more types of physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are obtained, so that the sea ice environment data is enriched, and more data support is provided for the research and development of the polar equipment.

[0038] (4) The set displacement is changed to change the ice ridge model area size and the total amount of broken ice, and then different ice ridge models with different transverse size and longitudinal section size are obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of steps S2 and S3 of the application (the ice blocking structure is not drawn).

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of steps S2 and S3 of the application (side view).

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of step S5 of the application (side view).

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the device used for preparing the ice ridge model of the application (top view).

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the device used for preparing the ice ridge model of the present application (front view).

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting structure of the present application.

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting structure of the present application (side view).

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the ice pushing plate and related structure of the present application (side view).

[0047] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the ice pushing plate and the servo driving mechanism of the present application.

[0048] Wherein:

[0049] 1, first ice layer; 2, second ice layer;

[0050] 3, ice water pool; 31, upper edge; 311, guide rail; 32, metal frame body; 33, groove body; 34, drainage pipeline; 35, caster;

[0051] 4, crushed ice area;

[0052] 51, ice blocking structure; 511, impact part; 512, first guide surface; 513, second guide surface;

[0053] 52, connection structure; 521, first sliding block; 522, support; 523, long circular hole; 524, extension plate; 525, adjusting bolt;

[0054] 53, posture adjusting structure; 531, base plate; 5311, long hole; 532, adjusting rod; 533, lifting lug; 534, connecting rod;

[0055] 61, servo driving mechanism;

[0056] 62, ice pushing plate; 621, pushing plate body; 622, water passing hole; 623, fixed plate; 624, second sliding block;

[0057] 63, sensor; 64, support; 65, fork-shaped connecting seat;

[0058] 7, temperature chain; 8, camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] The physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are generally performed in a low-temperature laboratory. The ice ridge model is prepared in a low-temperature environment provided by the low-temperature laboratory. The embodiment simulates the real ice ridge formation process to make the ice ridge model, so that the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are closer to the real polar sea ice. The ice ridge model is prepared by the following steps, as shown in Figures 1-5

[0062] S1, pre-preparing a first ice layer 1 and a second ice layer 2.

[0063] In step S1, the pre-preparing of the ice layer can be performed in an ice water pool of a low-temperature laboratory. The first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are layer ice with relatively flat upper and lower surfaces. Of course, in order to simulate ice ridge models with different shape profiles, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 can also be layer ice with different thicknesses.

[0064] S2, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are placed in the water surface of the ice water pool 3 with a spacing, and the water area between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 is a broken ice area 4. The position of the first ice layer 1 is fixed relative to the ice water pool 3.

[0065] S3, moving the second ice layer 2 so that the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51 located in the broken ice area 4, and a broken ice body is formed between the ice blocking structure 51 and the end of the second ice layer 2. The broken ice body is divided into upper part broken ice and lower part broken ice. The upper part broken ice jumps over the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51, and the lower part broken ice jumps over the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0066] In step S3, the length of the ice blocking structure 51 is adapted to the size of the end of the second ice layer 2. The broken ice body is a combination of multiple scattered broken ice. The broken ice body located on the upper part of the impact portion 511 is the upper part broken ice, and the broken ice body located on the lower part of the impact portion 511 is the lower part broken ice. The interaction mode of the end of the second ice layer 2 and the ice blocking structure 51 includes impact and extrusion. Both impact and extrusion cause the end of the second ice layer 2 to break and form a broken ice body. In the extrusion process, the upper part broken ice and the lower part broken ice enter between the first ice layer 1 and the ice blocking structure 51 after jumping over the ice blocking structure 51. The broken ice is obtained by end impact, which avoids artificially changing the freezing strength between the broken ice bodies by pre-cutting ice blocks, and avoids too large difference between the ice ridge model formation process and the real formation process.

[0067] S4, moving the ice blocking structure 51 away from the first ice layer 1 step by step, and repeating step S3 after each movement of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0068] In step S4, when the number of movements of the ice blocking structure 51 is twice, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 ​As shown, the length of the initial ice crushing area 4 is L1 (the length direction of the ice crushing area 4 is consistent with the moving direction of the ice blocking structure 51), the length of the ice crushing area 4 increases by L2 after the first movement of the ice blocking structure 51, and the length of the ice crushing area 4 increases by L3 after the second movement of the ice blocking structure 51. The total displacement amount (i.e. the set displacement L) of the ice blocking structure 51 in the process is related to the overall transverse size of the ice ridge model finally formed. The greater the set displacement L, the more the crushing times of the second ice layer 2, and the greater the overall transverse size of the ice ridge model. For example, Figures 1-3 As shown, the length of the entire ice crushing area 4 is L1+L2+L3, and the length of the entire ice crushing area 4 is the horizontal length of the ice ridge model. The horizontal width of the ice ridge model is consistent with the inner width of the ice water pool 3.

[0069] S5, when the total displacement amount of the ice blocking structure 51 after multiple movements is the set displacement L, the ice blocking structure 51 stops moving and leaves the ice crushing area 4. One side of the ice crushing body is blocked by the first ice layer 1, and the other side of the ice crushing body is blocked by the second ice layer 2. The ice crushing body is accumulated to form an ice ridge model which is connected to the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0070] In step S5, after the last ice crushing, the ice blocking structure 51 is removed to ensure that the ice crushing in the ice crushing area 4 is free to accumulate. The upper part of the ice crushing forms the ridge sail of the ice ridge model, and the lower part of the ice crushing forms the keel of the ice ridge model. Part of the upper part of the ice crushing may also be pushed to the upper surface of the first ice layer 1, and part of the lower part of the ice crushing may also be pushed to the lower surface of the first ice layer 1. After freezing, the porosity of the ice ridge model is estimated by drilling, and other physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters can be tested. In this step, the shape of the ice ridge is not changed by external intervention, so that the shear strength of the ice crushing body of the ice ridge formed in this embodiment is more close to the natural ice crushing body.

[0071] By placing the fixed first ice layer 1 and the movable second ice layer 2 on the water surface of the ice water pool 3, the second ice layer 2 hits and extrudes the ice blocking structure 51 to form ice crushing. The strength of the ice crushing of the ice ridge model is more close to the actual situation. The first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are used as the fixed basis, and the ice crushing is re-frozen between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2. The ice ridge model is made by simulating the actual ice ridge formation process, so that the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are more close to the real polar sea ice, and more accurate sea ice environment data is provided.

[0072] In the conventional ice ridge model manufacturing process, there is no sensor to monitor the freezing development of the ice ridge consolidation layer thickness. This embodiment is further improved, as shown in Figure 3 A temperature chain 7 is arranged in the vertical direction in the ice crushing between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 to detect the longitudinal temperature distribution of the middle part of the formed ice ridge model.

[0073] The camera 8 is used to monitor the forming process and the frozen shape of the underwater ice ridge model.

[0074] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 When the ice blocking structure 51 moves to the final position, the temperature chain 7 is located in the middle of the broken ice area 4.

[0075] The temperature chain 7 is a purchased component, which is used to monitor the development of ice thickness and the development of the consolidated layer by temperature detection. After a certain period of time, the relationship between the negative heat accumulation and the ice thickness is calculated according to the time and temperature recorded by the temperature chain 7, the influence of the laboratory ambient temperature and the freezing time on the flat ice thickness and the ice ridge consolidated layer thickness is explored under laboratory conditions, and detailed temperature parameters of the ice ridge model forming process are obtained, the thickness of the ice ridge consolidated layer is monitored, and data support is provided for the analysis of the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model.

[0076] The camera 8 is used to monitor the forming process and the frozen shape of the underwater ice ridge model.

[0077] By setting the camera 8 underwater and the temperature chain 7 in the middle of the ice ridge model, the time of the final forming is determined, the thickness of the ice ridge consolidated layer is monitored, and the keel shape is monitored in real time, so that the ice ridge model is in the best state when the physical property parameters and the mechanical property parameters of the ice ridge model are measured.

[0078] Example Two:

[0079] Based on the first example, further improvements are made:

[0080] The ice blocking structure 51 is opposite to the end of the second ice layer 2, and the impact part 511 is used to interact with the end of the second ice layer 2. The upper part of the impact part 511 is the first guide surface 512, which is used to guide the upper part of the broken ice to jump over the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51. The lower part of the impact part 511 is the second guide surface 513, which is used to guide the lower part of the broken ice to jump over the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51. The angle between the second guide surface 513 and the water surface is the attitude angle α.

[0081] The following steps are used to prepare the ice ridge model:

[0082] S01, set the size of the attitude angle α and lock the attitude angle α.

[0083] S1, precast the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0084] S2, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are placed in the water surface of the ice water pool 3, and the water area between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 is the broken ice area 4, and the position of the first ice layer 1 is fixed relative to the ice water pool 3.

[0085] S3, moving the second ice layer 2, the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51 located in the broken ice area 4, and the broken ice body is formed between the ice blocking structure 51 and the end of the second ice layer 2, and the broken ice body is divided into upper part broken ice and lower part broken ice, and the upper part broken ice is flipped from the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51, and the lower part broken ice is flipped from the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0086] S4, moving the ice blocking structure 51 away from the first ice layer 1, and repeating step S3 after each movement of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0087] S5, when the total displacement amount of the ice blocking structure 51 after multiple movements is a set displacement L, the ice blocking structure 51 stops moving and leaves the broken ice area 4, one side of the broken ice body is blocked by the first ice layer 1, and the other side of the broken ice body is blocked by the second ice layer 2, and the broken ice of the broken ice body is re-frozen to form an ice ridge model connected with the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0088] After completing the preparation of an ice ridge model, change the size of the set attitude angle α to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

[0089] Specifically, the angle relationship between the first guide surface 512 and the second guide surface 513 is a fixed value, and the angle of the first guide surface 512 and the second guide surface 513 relative to the horizontal plane is adjusted by adjusting and locking the attitude angle α, as shown in Figure 6 The angle of the first guide surface 512 and the second guide surface 513 relative to the horizontal plane is roughly the same, the difficulty of flipping the broken ice from the upper surface and the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51 is the same, that is, the ice amount of the upper part broken ice and the lower part broken ice is equivalent, and the longitudinal section size of the ridge sail of the subsequently formed ice ridge model is equivalent to the longitudinal section size of the keel;

[0090] When the ice blocking structure 51 is rotated clockwise, the first guide surface 512 becomes steeper, the second guide surface 513 becomes gentler, and the broken ice is more difficult to flip from the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51, that is, the ice amount of the upper part broken ice is less than that of the lower part broken ice, and the longitudinal section size of the ridge sail of the subsequently formed ice ridge model is less than the longitudinal section size of the keel;

[0091] When the ice blocking structure 51 is rotated counterclockwise, the first guide surface 512 becomes gentler, and the second guide surface 513 becomes steeper, and the broken ice is more difficult to flip from the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51, that is, the ice amount of the upper part broken ice is greater than that of the lower part broken ice, and the longitudinal section size of the ridge sail of the subsequently formed ice ridge model is greater than the longitudinal section size of the keel.

[0092] By changing the attitude angle α of the second guide surface 513 of the ice-blocking structure 51 in each ice ridge model making, adjusting the amount of ice fragments in the upper and lower parts, and changing the longitudinal section size of the ridge sail and keel of the ice ridge model, ice ridge models of different shapes can be obtained. In this way, physical and mechanical property parameters of more types of ice ridge models can be obtained, enriching sea ice environment data and providing more data support for the research and development of polar equipment.

[0093] Furthermore, such as Figures 5-6 As shown, the ice-blocking structure 51 is a rod-shaped structure with a quadrilateral cross-section, and the axial direction of the ice-blocking structure 51 is parallel to the end of the second ice layer 2.

[0094] One of the protruding corners of the ice-blocking structure 51 is the impact part 511, the upper slope of the impact part 511 is the first guide surface 512, and the lower slope of the impact part 511 is the second guide surface 513.

[0095] Specifically, the cross-section of the ice-blocking structure 51 can be rectangular or rhomboid. The quadrilateral ice-blocking structure 51 can not only realize the function of impacting the second ice layer 2 on one side, but also guide the broken ice to overturn the ice-blocking structure 51 and block the backflow of broken ice. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture, and standard parts such as square tube profiles can be purchased externally.

[0096] The ice-blocking structure 51 with a quadrilateral cross section can change the attitude of the impact part 511 (corner) when it interacts with the second ice layer 2 by adjusting the size of the attitude angle α, thereby affecting the length of the ice layer when it bends and breaks, and thus controlling the size of the ice fragments.

[0097] Furthermore, such as Figures 5-8 As shown, a pair of connecting structures 52 are provided on the ice water pool 3. The two ends of the ice-blocking structure 51 are rotatably connected to the two connecting structures 52 respectively, and are used to rotate and adjust the attitude angle α between the second guide surface 513 and the water surface.

[0098] By adjusting and fixing the position of the ice-blocking structure 51 relative to the first ice layer 1 through the connecting structure 52, and after setting the attitude angle α, the attitude angle α is locked by the attitude adjustment structure 53 installed on the connecting structure 52.

[0099] Specifically, the ice water pool 3 includes a transparent tank 33, which is a cuboid structure made of plexiglass. A drainage pipe 34 is installed at the bottom of the tank 33, through which water can be drained and filled into the tank 33. The tank 33 is fixedly supported by a metal frame 32, and casters 35 are installed at the bottom of the metal frame 32 to facilitate the movement of the ice water pool 3. The metal frame 32 surrounds the outside of the tank 33. The shape and height of the upper end face of the metal frame 32 are consistent with the shape and height of the opening of the tank 33. A set of opposite sides of the upper end face of the metal frame 32 is the upper edge 31, and a guide rail 311 is installed on the upper edge 31. The length direction of the guide rail 311 is consistent with the movement direction of the second ice layer 2.

[0100] The connecting structure 52 is installed on the upper edge 31, and the connecting structure 52 drives the ice blocking structure 51 to move to the first ice layer 1 in sequence, and the connecting structure 52 fixes the position of the ice blocking structure 51 relative to the ice pool 3 after each movement. The connecting structure 52 can be a shelf directly clamped and locked on the upper edge 31 of the ice pool 3. In order to facilitate the movement and position fixing operation of the ice blocking structure 51, the structure of the connecting structure 52 is further designed.

[0101] As shown in Figure 7 The structure of the connecting structure 52 is as follows: a support 522 is provided with an extension plate 524 on one side, the lower end of the extension plate 524 extends into the ice pool 3 and is rotationally connected with the end of the ice blocking structure 51, and the upper part of the support 522 is provided with a first sliding block 521, which is in sliding connection with a guide rail 311 provided on the upper edge 31. The first sliding block 521 is an off-the-shelf part and has a manual locking function. Adjusting the locking screw on the first sliding block 521 can fix the first sliding block 521 and the guide rail 311, thereby ensuring that the position of the ice blocking structure 51 does not change when it interacts with the second ice layer 2. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the ice blocking structure 51, the fixed connection between the first sliding block 521 and the guide rail 311 is released, and the position of the first sliding block 521 on the guide rail 311 is moved, thereby changing the position of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0102] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the ice blocking structure 51, the extension plate 524 is detachably connected with the support 522 by a fastener. A long circular hole 523 is provided on the extension plate 524, and the length direction of the long circular hole 523 is consistent with the depth direction of the ice pool 3. By adjusting the position of the fastener in the long circular hole 523, the height of the ice blocking structure 51 can be changed. When it is necessary to make the ice blocking structure 51 leave the ice crushing area 4, the fastener connecting the extension plate 524 and the support 522 is removed, and the ice blocking structure 51 is taken out of the ice pool 3 together with the extension plate 524.

[0103] In order to further strengthen the stability of the connecting structure of the extension plate 524 and the support 522, a supporting plate is provided on the upper end of the extension plate 524, and the supporting plate is located above the support 522. An adjusting bolt 525 is installed on the supporting plate, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt 525 abuts against the upper surface of the support 522. By changing the length of the lower part of the adjusting bolt 525 protruding from the lower surface of the supporting plate, the height of the ice blocking structure 51 can be adjusted together with the fastener. The adjusting bolt 525 plays a supporting role for the extension plate 524.

[0104] Further, as shown in Figures 6-7As shown, the structure of the posture adjusting structure 53 is as follows: a base plate 531 is connected with a single connecting structure 52 at both ends, a lifting lug 533 is fixedly installed on the other side of the ice blocking structure 51 opposite to the impact part 511, an adjusting rod 532 is further included, the lower end of the adjusting rod 532 is hingedly connected with the through hole of the lifting lug 533, the upper end of the adjusting rod 532 is a threaded part, a first nut and a second nut are installed on the threaded part, the first nut cooperates with the upper surface of the base plate 531, the second nut cooperates with the lower surface of the base plate 531, an elongated hole 5311 cooperating with the threaded part is arranged on the base plate 531, the length direction of the elongated hole 5311 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the ice blocking structure 51, the positions of the first nut and the second nut on the threaded part and the position of the threaded part in the elongated hole 5311 are adjusted, and then the size of the posture angle a is adjusted.

[0105] Specifically, one end of the lifting lug 533 is a through hole and the other end is a threaded stud, after a connecting rod 534 is fixedly installed on the ice blocking structure 51, the threaded stud end of the lifting lug 533 is threadedly connected with the connecting rod 534; the first nut is tightly attached to the upper surface of the base plate 531, the second nut is tightly attached to the lower surface of the base plate 531, and the relative position between the adjusting rod 532 and the base plate 531 is fixed; the base plate 531 can be integrally welded with the extension plate 524 to form a π-shaped structure.

[0106] When it is necessary to adjust the size of the posture angle a, the first nut and the second nut are rotated, the distance between the first nut and the second nut is increased, the distance between the lower end of the adjusting rod 532 and the base plate 531 is changed, the first nut and the second nut are reattached to the base plate 531, and the distance between the adjusting rod 532 and the base plate 531 is adjusted, in the process, the adjusting rod 532 moves in the elongated hole 5311, and the distance between the adjusting rod 532 and the rotation center of the ice blocking structure 51 is changed.

[0107] By arranging the adjusting rod 532 with an adjustable position on the base plate 531 supported by the connecting structure 52, the ice blocking structure 51 is driven to rotate by the lower end of the adjusting rod 532, the size of the posture angle a is adjusted, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

[0108] Embodiment Three

[0109] On the basis of Embodiment One, the ice ridge model preparation method further includes the following steps:

[0110] S02, the size of the moving speed V of the second ice layer 2 is set.

[0111] S1, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are pre-prepared.

[0112] S2, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are placed at intervals on the water surface of the ice water pool 3, the water area between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 is the broken ice area 4, and the position of the first ice layer 1 is fixed relative to the ice water pool 3.

[0113] S3, by reciprocating the second ice layer 2, the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51, the interaction mode includes impact and extrusion, and the broken ice body is formed between the ice blocking structure 51 and the end of the second ice layer 2, the broken ice body is divided into upper part broken ice and lower part broken ice, the upper part broken ice is flipped from the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51, and the lower part broken ice is flipped from the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0114] S4, the ice blocking structure 51 is moved away from the first ice layer 1, and step S3 is repeated after each movement of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0115] S5, when the total displacement of the ice blocking structure 51 after multiple movements is a set displacement L, the ice blocking structure 51 stops moving and leaves the broken ice area 4, one side of the broken ice body is blocked by the first ice layer 1, and the other side of the broken ice body is blocked by the second ice layer 2, and the broken ice of the broken ice body is re-frozen to form an ice ridge model connected with the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0116] After completing the preparation of an ice ridge model, the moving speed V is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

[0117] Specifically, when the ice ridge model is prepared, the second ice layer 2 is moved at a fixed speed to ensure that the interaction force between the end of the second ice layer 2 and the ice blocking structure 51 is relatively stable, so that the shape of the broken ice can be controlled; the moving speed V is related to the porosity of the finally prepared ice ridge model, different porosity ice ridge models are obtained through multiple preparations by changing the moving speed, and more types of ice ridge model physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters are obtained, which enriches the sea ice environment data and provides more data support for the research and development of polar equipment.

[0118] Further, as shown in Figures 4-5 、 Figure 8 , the ice water pool 3 is provided with a servo driving mechanism 61, and the ice water pool 3 is provided with a ice pushing plate 62 which is slidingly connected with the ice water pool 3.

[0119] The output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 is fixedly connected with the ice pushing plate 62, the servo driving mechanism 61 drives the ice pushing plate 62 to move, so that the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51.

[0120] Specifically, the structure of the ice pushing plate 62 includes a flat plate structure of the pushing plate body 621, a plurality of water passing holes 622 are arranged on the pushing plate body 621, the width of the pushing plate body 621 is slightly smaller than the inner width of the groove 33 of the ice water pool 3, the pushing plate body 621 is vertically placed inside the groove 33 of the ice water pool 3, the upper ends of the two sides of the pushing plate body 621 are respectively provided with a fixed plate 623, the second sliding block 624 is installed on the fixed plate 623, the second sliding block 624 is in sliding connection with the upper edge 31 of the ice water pool 3, and specifically in sliding connection with the guide rail 311 installed on the upper edge 31; the servo driving mechanism 61 is an electric cylinder, which is installed on the metal frame body 32 of the ice water pool 3 through the support 64; the moving program of the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 in the control system is set to control the moving speed V and the displacement of the reciprocating movement of the output end, the displacement of the ice blocking structure 51 moving step by step and the set displacement L are fed back to the control system, the moving program of the control system controls the position of the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61, so that it adapts to the position change of the ice blocking structure 51, and the moving program and control mode of the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 in this part are prior art.

[0121] Further, as shown in Figures 4-5 、 Figure 9 , the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 is connected with the ice pushing plate 62 through the sensor 63, and the sensor 63 is used to measure the force between the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 and the ice pushing plate 62 when the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51.

[0122] The sensor 63 is a purchased part, one end of the sensor 63 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the ice pushing plate 62 through an L-shaped plate structure, the other end of the sensor 63 is connected with the output end of the servo driving mechanism 61 through a fork-shaped connecting seat 65, when the second ice layer 2 collides and extrudes the ice blocking structure 51, the resultant force of the force from the servo driving mechanism 61 and the reaction force of the second ice layer 2 on the ice pushing plate 62 is measured by the sensor 63, the sensor 63 can detect the load history in the ice crushing process in real time, and then react to measure the force of the servo driving mechanism 61 applied to the ice pushing plate 62.

[0123] The sensor 63 outputs the pushing force, converts the change of the moving speed into the change of the force, obtains the corresponding relationship between different pushing forces and different porosity ice ridge models, and then reacts to the influence of the change of the collision and extrusion force on the generation of the ice ridge model.

[0124] Example Four:

[0125] On the basis of example one, the ice ridge model preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0126] S1, pre-preparing the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0127] S2, the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 are placed in the water surface of the ice water pool 3, and the water area between the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2 is the broken ice area 4, and the position of the first ice layer 1 is fixed relative to the ice water pool 3.

[0128] S3, the end of the second ice layer 2 interacts with the ice blocking structure 51 by reciprocating movement, the interaction mode includes impact and extrusion, and the broken ice body is formed between the ice blocking structure 51 and the end of the second ice layer 2, and the broken ice body is divided into upper part broken ice and lower part broken ice, the upper part broken ice is flipped from the upper surface of the ice blocking structure 51, and the lower part broken ice is flipped from the lower surface of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0129] S4, the ice blocking structure 51 is moved away from the first ice layer 1, and step S3 is repeated after each movement of the ice blocking structure 51.

[0130] S5, when the total displacement amount of the ice blocking structure 51 after multiple movements is the set displacement L, the ice blocking structure 51 stops moving and leaves the broken ice area 4, one side of the broken ice body is blocked by the first ice layer 1, and the other side of the broken ice body is blocked by the second ice layer 2, and the broken ice of the broken ice body is re-frozen to form an ice ridge model connected with the first ice layer 1 and the second ice layer 2.

[0131] After completing the preparation of an ice ridge model, the set displacement L is changed, and multiple ice ridge models are prepared.

[0132] Under the condition that the interaction between the end of the second ice layer 2 and the ice blocking structure 51 located in the broken ice area 4 does not change, the size of the ice ridge model area and the total amount of broken ice are changed by changing the set displacement L, and then ice ridge models with different transverse sizes and longitudinal section sizes are obtained.

[0133] When the set displacement L changes and the reciprocating stroke and the moving speed V of the second ice layer 2 are fixed, the number of collisions changes accordingly, and the increase of the set displacement L can increase the number of collisions and the amount of broken ice, and then ice ridge models with different external sizes are obtained.

[0134] In example two, example three and example four, the angle between the second guide surface 513 and the water surface (i.e. the attitude angle a), the moving speed V of the second ice layer 2 and the set displacement L of the ice blocking structure 51 are taken as variables, multiple ice ridge models are prepared, ice ridge models with different morphologies and different physical property parameters and mechanical property parameters are obtained, and more abundant sea ice environment data is obtained to provide more data support for the research and development of polar equipment.

[0135] In addition, multiple parameters can also be taken as variables to prepare ice ridge models during the preparation of the ice ridge model.

[0136] The above description is an explanation of the present application, not a limitation of the present application, the scope of the present application is defined by the claims, within the protection scope of the present application, any form of modification can be made.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an ice ridge model, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Prefabricated first ice layer (1) and second ice layer (2); S2. Place the first ice layer (1) and the second ice layer (2) alternately on the surface of the ice water pool (3). The water area between the first ice layer (1) and the second ice layer (2) is the broken ice zone (4). The position of the first ice layer (1) is fixed relative to the ice water pool (3). S3. Move the second ice layer (2) so that the end of the second ice layer (2) interacts with the ice-blocking structure (51) located in the ice-breaking area (4) to form an ice-breaking body between the ice-blocking structure (51) and the end of the second ice layer (2). The ice-breaking body is divided into an upper ice-breaking body and a lower ice-breaking body. The upper ice-breaking body flips over from the upper surface of the ice-blocking structure (51), and the lower ice-breaking body flips over from the lower surface of the ice-blocking structure (51). The side of the ice-blocking structure (51) opposite to the end of the second ice layer (2) is an impact part (511) for interacting with the end of the second ice layer (2). The upper part of the impact part (511) is a first guide surface (512) for guiding the upper part of the ice fragments to roll over from the upper surface of the ice-blocking structure (51). The lower part of the impact part (511) is a second guide surface (513) for guiding the lower part of the ice fragments to roll over from the lower surface of the ice-blocking structure (51). The angle between the second guide surface (513) and the water surface is the attitude angle (α). Before proceeding to step S3, set the magnitude of the attitude angle (α) and lock the attitude angle (α); After completing the preparation of one ice ridge model, the ice ridge model is prepared multiple times by changing the set attitude angle (α); S4. Move the ice-blocking structure (51) one by one, so that the ice-blocking structure (51) is away from the first ice layer (1). Repeat step S3 after each movement of the ice-blocking structure (51). S5. When the total displacement of the ice-blocking structure (51) after multiple movements is the set displacement (L), the ice-blocking structure (51) stops moving and leaves the ice-breaking area (4). One side of the ice-breaking body is blocked by the first ice layer (1), and the other side of the ice-breaking body is blocked by the second ice layer (2). The ice-breaking body in the ice-breaking area (4) accumulates freely. The ice-breaking body accumulates and then freezes to form an ice ridge model that is connected to the first ice layer (1) and the second ice layer (2) at the same time. The upper part of the ice-breaking forms the ridge sail of the ice ridge model, and the lower part of the ice-breaking forms the keel of the ice ridge model.

2. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature chains (7) are set vertically in the broken ice between the first ice layer (1) and the second ice layer (2), and the longitudinal temperature distribution in the middle of the formed ice ridge model is detected; The underwater ice ridge model was detected by a camera (8) to examine its formation process and freezing morphology.

3. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ice-blocking structure (51) is a rod-shaped structure with a quadrilateral cross section, and the axial direction of the ice-blocking structure (51) is parallel to the end of the second ice layer (2); One of the protruding corners of the ice-blocking structure (51) is the impact part (511), the upper slope of the impact part (511) is the first guide surface (512), and the lower slope of the impact part (511) is the second guide surface (513).

4. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of connecting structures (52) are provided on the ice water pool (3). The two ends of the ice-blocking structure (51) are rotatably connected to the two connecting structures (52) respectively, and are used to rotate and adjust the attitude angle (α) between the second guide surface (513) and the water surface. By adjusting the connection structure (52) to adjust and fix the position of the ice-blocking structure (51) relative to the first ice layer (1), and after setting the attitude angle (α), the attitude angle (α) is locked by the attitude adjustment structure (53) installed on the connection structure (52).

5. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The attitude adjustment structure (53) is as follows: it includes a base plate (531), both ends of which are connected to a single connecting structure (52). A lug (533) is fixedly installed on the other side of the ice-blocking structure (51) opposite to the impact part (511). It also includes an adjusting rod (532), the lower end of which is hinged to the through hole of the lug (533). The upper end of the adjusting rod (532) is a threaded part, on which a first nut and a second nut are installed. The first nut is engaged with the upper surface of the base plate (531), and the second nut is engaged with the lower surface of the base plate (531). An elongated hole (5311) is provided on the base plate (531) to engage with the threaded part. The length direction of the elongated hole (5311) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the ice-blocking structure (51). The position of the first nut and the second nut on the threaded part and the position of the threaded part in the elongated hole (5311) are adjusted to adjust the size of the attitude angle (α).

6. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the end of the second ice layer (2) is made to interact with the ice-blocking structure (51) by reciprocating the movement of the second ice layer (2). The interaction methods include impact and compression. Before proceeding to step S3, the magnitude of the moving speed (V) of the second ice layer (2) is set; After completing the preparation of one ice ridge model, the movement speed (V) is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

7. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A servo drive mechanism (61) is provided on the ice water pool (3), and an ice pusher (62) is provided inside the ice water pool (3). The ice pusher (62) is slidably connected to the ice water pool (3). The output end of the servo drive mechanism (61) is fixedly connected to the ice pusher plate (62). The servo drive mechanism (61) drives the ice pusher plate (62) to move, so that the end of the second ice layer (2) interacts with the ice blocking structure (51).

8. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the servo drive mechanism (61) is connected to the ice pusher plate (62) via a sensor (63). The sensor (63) is used to measure the magnitude of the force between the output end of the servo drive mechanism (61) and the ice pusher plate (62) when the end of the second ice layer (2) interacts with the ice blocking structure (51).

9. The method for preparing an ice ridge model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After completing the preparation of one ice ridge model, the set displacement (L) is changed to prepare multiple ice ridge models.

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