Application of jasmone in preparing parasitic wasp attractant

Abstract

The present invention discloses the use of jasmone for preparing a parasitic wasp attractant. Compared with existing pest attractants on the market, the jasmone attractant provided by the present invention attracts beneficial parasitic wasps, eliminating growers' concerns about attracting more pests to their fields. Furthermore, the more beneficial insects there are, the better the field pest control effect. In addition to the pale-footed braconid wasp, the parasitic wasp attractant of the present invention may not only attract parasitic wasps of the Noctuidae family, but also other types of parasitic wasps, thereby increasing the number of parasitic wasps in the field and improving the parasitic wasp parasitism rate in the field, thereby achieving the effect of parasitic wasps controlling field pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological pesticides, such as natural enemy attractants, and in particular to the application of jasmone in preparing parasitic wasp attractants. Background Art

[0002] Parasitic wasps are important parasitic natural enemy insects that play an important role in the green control of crop pests. Female parasitic wasps and their offspring usually regulate the physiological state of the host through parasitic behavior, ensuring that the parasitic wasp offspring develop normally on the surface or inside the host, allowing their population to reproduce, and the host pests to be effectively controlled. At present, many parasitic wasps have been successfully commercialized and used in the biological control of rice and vegetable pests, such as the trichogrammatid wasp used to control the rice stem borer, the aphid wasp used to control vegetable aphids, etc. Microplitis pallidipes, as a dominant parasitic wasp of the middle and young larvae of vegetable armyworms, likes to parasitize the 2nd-3rd instar armyworm larvae with clustering habits, and is an important regulator of the natural population size of armyworm pests in the field.

[0003] However, for parasitic wasps, the ability to accurately locate and identify their hosts and successfully parasitize them directly determines the survival and reproduction of their offspring populations. Previous studies have found that parasitic wasps primarily search for hosts by olfactory recognition of chemical signaling substances related to the host, and that these signaling substances can be derived from a variety of sources, such as pest-inducing plant volatiles, the host itself, and its feces. Therefore, by exploring the volatile odorants associated with the directional behavior of the pallid-footed braconid wasp and utilizing them to effectively regulate the efficiency of the parasitic wasp's host search, thereby achieving the goal of controlling target pests, this will provide a new green means and technology for the green prevention and control of pests. Compared with other pest control technologies, this new natural enemy olfactory behavior regulation technology has the advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, pollution-free, safe, efficient, and highly selective, and will have broad application prospects in integrated pest management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and application of a jasmone parasitic wasp attractant, which can attract parasitic wasps, improve the parasitic wasps' ability to search and locate target pests, and thus improve their parasitic efficiency, thereby achieving effective biological control of pests, reducing the application of chemical pesticides, and ensuring the safety of vegetable products.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following specific technical solutions:

[0006] Application of jasmone in preparing parasitic wasp attractants.

[0007] Optionally, the content of jasmone is 0.5% to 10%.

[0008] Optionally, the content of jasmone is 1.0%.

[0009] Optionally, the content of jasmone is 5.0%.

[0010] Optionally, the parasitic wasp is the pallidostachys parasiticus.

[0011] Optionally, the jasmone is cis-jasmone.

[0012] A jasmone parasitic wasp attractant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5% to 99% of cis-jasmone and 1% to 99.5% of conventional auxiliary materials.

[0013] Optionally, the content of cis-jasmone is 1.0% to 10%.

[0014] Optionally, the content of cis-jasmone is 5.0%.

[0015] A method for controlling Noctuidae pests comprises using any one of the jasmone parasitic wasp attractants of the present invention to attract and enrich parasitic wasps, thereby parasitizing 2nd-3rd instar Noctuidae larvae and regulating the number of Noctuidae pests.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared to existing pest attractants on the market, the jasmone attractant provided by the present invention attracts beneficial parasitic wasps, alleviating growers' concerns about attracting more pests to their fields. Furthermore, the more beneficial insects there are, the better the field pest control effect. In addition to the pale-footed braconid wasp, the parasitic wasp attractant provided by the present invention may not only attract parasitic wasps of the Noctuidae family, but also other parasitic wasps, thereby increasing the number of parasitic wasps in the field and improving their parasitism rate, effectively controlling field pests with parasitic wasps.

[0018] The cis-jasmone used in the present invention as the attractant volatile substance is a natural plant product with the characteristics of low toxicity, easy degradation, etc. It is a friendly and safe attractant for humans, animals and the ecological environment.

[0019] In the present invention, cis-jasmone can be obtained by various methods, such as chemical synthesis, direct extraction from plants, etc., and can be produced on an industrial scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of the "Y" type olfactometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The use of jasmone in preparing a parasitic wasp attractant. For example, the jasmone content is 0.5% to 10%. For example, the jasmone content is 1.0%. For example, the jasmone content is 5.0%.

[0024] Specifically, the parasitic wasp is Parasitoid wasp; and the jasmone is cis-jasmone.

[0025] Cis-Jasmone ((Z)-3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one); molecular formula: C 11 H 16 O, molecular weight: 164.25; CAS number: 488-10-8; its structural formula is shown below. It is a pale yellow liquid flavoring with elegant jasmine and celery seed aromas. It is widely used in high-end flavors for food and daily chemicals. Currently, there are no reports on the use of cis-jasmone to attract the lateral groove braconid wasp for vegetable armyworm control.

[0026]

[0027] The jasmone parasitic wasp attractant provided by the present invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

[0028] Cis-jasmone 0.5% to 99%;

[0029] Conventional auxiliary materials 1% to 99.5%.

[0030] In the jasmone parasitic wasp attractant of the present invention, jasmone is used as the active substance, the jasmone is cis-jasmone, and the parasitic wasp is Pleuronectinus pallidae.

[0031] Conventional excipients can be one or more of solubilizers, synergists, emulsifiers, etc.; solubilizers are one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polysorbate, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, lignin sulfonate, tea dregs, saponins, etc.; emulsifiers are spans, tweens, ethylene glycol esters, propylene glycol esters and / or polyethylene glycol-type nonionic surfactants, etc.; synergists are tea saponin, polyoxyethylene ether, etc.

[0032] The preparation method of the jasmone parasitic wasp attractant of the present invention comprises:

[0033] (1) preparing a jasmone parasitic wasp attractant using jasmone as an active ingredient; the jasmone is prepared by diluting it with paraffin oil, lanolin or ethanol;

[0034] (2) Weigh cis-jasmone according to the above ratio and dissolve it in a solvent. Add various additives and prepare various forms of attractants according to various processes, such as powder, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension, dry suspension, concentrated emulsion, sustained-release agent, nanoformulation, aqueous emulsion, spray, etc. The solvent can be one or more organic solvents such as paraffin oil, lanolin, water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, cyclohexanone, petroleum ether, petroleum aromatics, pure benzene, ethyl acetate, toluene, xylene, etc.

[0035] The method for controlling Noctuidae pests comprises using any jasmone parasitic wasp attractant of the present invention to attract and enrich parasitic wasps, thereby parasitizing 2nd-3rd instar Noctuidae larvae and regulating the number of Noctuidae pests.

[0036] In the present invention, a "Y"-type olfactometer method is used to conduct a directional behavioral response test on the pallidipes wasp in a laboratory.

[0037] The specific method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, 250 mL wide-mouth bottles with frosted openings served as odor source bottles for the different treatment groups. The arms and release arm of the olfactometer were each 15 cm long, with an inner diameter of 1.8 cm, and the included angle between the arms was 60°. To prevent uneven ambient light intensity from affecting the parasitic wasp's tactic behavior, the olfactometer was placed in a square wire box covered with wax paper (80 cm × 80 cm × 50 cm). A 40 W incandescent lamp was placed directly above the box to ensure consistent light intensity between the two test arms. The two arms of the "Y" olfactometer were connected to the odor source bottles via silicone tubing. Before entering the odor source bottles, the air was filtered through activated carbon and distilled water bottles to purify and increase humidity. The air flow rate during testing was 200 mL / min.

[0038] Based on the biological characteristics of the parasitic wasp, the experiment was scheduled daily from 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM. Female parasitic wasps were introduced one by one through the end of the base tube of a Y-shaped olfactometer, and the behavioral responses of the parasitic wasps were observed and recorded over a 5-minute period. The criteria were as follows: if a parasitic wasp reached the exit or exceeded one-third of the way up a particular arm and remained there for more than 5 seconds, it was considered to have chosen the odor source for that arm. If a bee did not choose the odor source within 5 minutes of introduction, the observation of its behavior was terminated. The olfactometer was rotated every five bees to eliminate any influence of geometric position on the parasitic wasp's behavior. After every 10 bees were tested, the olfactometer was cleaned with 95% ethanol, dried with a hair dryer, and cooled. A total of 60 bees were tested per treatment. Between treatments, the device was ultrasonically cleaned and rinsed with 95% ethanol, then dried and set aside.

[0039] Parasitoid selection rate = number of volatile compounds selected by parasitoids / total number of parasitoids in the experiment * 100

[0040] Example 1: Attraction of different compounds to Pseudocephalides pallidati

[0041] 1g of a volatile compound was weighed, 1ml of Tween 80 emulsifier was added, and finally, the mixture was dropped into paraffin oil and diluted to 100ml. The mixture was mixed thoroughly to prepare an attractant. The volatile compound content was adjusted to 0.1g / ml (10%). The selectivity was then determined using a "Y"-type olfactometer selection method. The selectivity of parasitic wasps for each volatile compound is shown in Table 1. The volatile compounds used in this experiment were standard products purchased from a reagent company. Volatile compounds include: α-Farnesene, α-phellandrene, Ocimene, Geraniol, cis-Jasmone, 2-Ethyl hexanol, cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate, cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate, Heptadecane, 1-Penten-3-ol, Caproaldehyde, Benzyl alcohol, and Pentadecane.

[0042] Table 1 Selectivity of P. pallidipes for different volatile compounds

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 1, P. pallidipes exhibited varying degrees of selectivity for the 13 different volatile compounds tested in this study. The parasitic wasp exhibited relatively high selectivity for cis-jasmone and pentadecane, at 64.81% and 64.29%, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that only cis-jasmone and pentadecane exhibited significant differences in selectivity compared to the blank control (P < 0.05).

[0046] Example 2: Attraction of different concentrations of jasmone to Pseudocephalides pallidati

[0047] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the volatile compound is cis-jasmone. Cis-jasmone was measured and dropped into paraffin oil to dissolve to prepare attractants with mass concentrations of 0.005 (0.5%), 0.01 (1.0%), 0.05 (5.0%), 0.1 (10%), 0.5 (50%) and 0.98 g / mL (98%). The selection effect of parasitic wasps on each volatile compound is shown in Table 2:

[0048] Table 2 Effects of different concentrations of jasmone on the selectivity of Pseudocephalides pallidipes

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The results in Table 2 show that within the mass concentration range of 1.0-10%, the selectivity of P. pallidipes for jasmone was high, consistently exceeding 64%. However, when the jasmone concentration exceeded 10%, the attracting ability of P. pallidipes did not significantly increase, but instead decreased to varying degrees. In practical applications, the appropriate dosage should be selected based on a comprehensive consideration of both attracting effectiveness and cost.

[0052] The experimental results of Examples 1 and 2 show that among the 13 different types of volatile compounds tested in the present invention, parasitic wasps have a higher selectivity for cis-jasmone and pentadecane, and the statistical analysis results also show significant differences. The attraction rate reaches more than 64% at a mass concentration of 10%. In addition, selectivity experiments at different concentrations of jasmone prove that at a mass concentration of 1% to 10%, the parasitic wasp selection rate maintains a high level of more than 64%, and can be used as a parasitic wasp attractant.

[0053] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Other embodiments can be obtained by varying the component contents in the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various variations or modifications within the scope of the claims without affecting the essence of the present invention.

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0055] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. The application of jasmone in preparing a parasitic wasp attractant, wherein the mass concentration of jasmone is 0.01-0.1 g / mL, the parasitic wasp is Pseudocera pallidula; and the jasmone is cis-jasmone.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass concentration of the jasmone is 0.05 g / mL.

3. A method for controlling Noctuidae pests, characterized in that: Cis-jasmone with a mass concentration of 0.01 to 0.1 g / mL is used to attract and enrich parasitic wasps, thereby parasitizing 2nd to 3rd instar Noctuidae larvae and regulating the number of Noctuidae pests.

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