A coating agent composition and method for regulating the growth of konjac

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of konjac cultivation technology, and in particular to a coating agent composition and method for regulating konjac growth. Before sowing, the konjac corms are coated. The raw materials of the coating agent composition include: acrylic copolymer resin, PEG1000, potassium humate, sodium alginate, chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, chlorothalonil, triiodobenzoic acid, and pyrazosulfanilamide. Subsequently, from the early seedling leaf emergence stage to the corm expansion stage, and then to the swelling stage, a suitable agent formula is selected based on the growth characteristics of konjac to effectively regulate the growth and nutrient accumulation of the above-ground and underground parts of the konjac, promote corm expansion and increase yield, reduce the number of rhizomes and inhibit their growth vigor. This invention also employs a semi-circular soft plastic film and filler design, a root irrigation method to inhibit axillary buds after corm expansion, and a foliar spraying method to regulate rhizome growth vigor during the swelling stage, thus reducing the physiological damage to konjac growth caused by the agent application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of konjac cultivation technology, and in particular to a coating agent composition and method for regulating konjac growth. Background Technology

[0002] Konjac (Amorphophalms konjac) belongs to the genus Amorphophalium of the Araceae family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant and the only natural crop that can provide a large amount of glucomannan, making it an important economic crop. Currently, the main varieties cultivated in production include Amorphophalium konjac (flowering variety), Amorphophalium var. konjac (white variety), hybrid Amorphophalium var. konjac, and bulbil-type Amorphophalium var. konjac. Among them, white Amorphophalium var. konjac has the best quality; while the offspring obtained by crossing Amorphophalium konjac as the female parent and white Amorphophalium var. konjac as the male parent are of slightly lower quality, with the hybrid variety "Anmo 128" being a representative example. This variety has been widely planted in the Qinling-Bashan Mountains. The quality of Amorphophalium konjac is lower than that of hybrid Amorphophalium var. konjac but better than that of bulbil-type Amorphophalium var. konjac. In addition, white Amorphophalium var. konjac and hybrid Amorphophalium var. konjac are more resistant than Amorphophalium konjac, with an average disease incidence rate reduction of more than 15%. However, the rhizomes growing laterally from the second-aged and older corms of white konjac and hybrid konjac are too developed, with the number of rhizomes being 4-5 times that of flowering konjac. This results in the rhizomes weighing about the same as the corms, which seriously affects the corm's expansion and marketability. Moreover, the excessive number of rhizomes also causes the corm surface to be uneven, which is not conducive to production and processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above, the present invention provides a coating agent composition and method for regulating the growth of konjac, which achieves the purpose of reducing the number of rhizomes and promoting the expansion of corms by regulating the underground corms and rhizomes during the leaf expansion stage, the corm regeneration stage and the corm enlargement stage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of this invention is a coating agent composition for regulating the growth of konjac, comprising, by mass percentage: 5-10% acrylic copolymer resin, 10%-20% PEG1000, 0.3%-0.5% potassium humate, 0.2%-0.5% sodium alginate, 0.1%-0.4% chitosan, 0.1%-0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.03%-0.05% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, 0.08%-0.12% chlorothalonil, 0.6%-0.8% triiodobenzoic acid, and 0.01%-0.015% polyoxinium methylphenidate.

[0006] The second technical solution of the present invention is the application of the above-mentioned coating agent composition for regulating konjac growth in promoting the enlargement of konjac corms and reducing the number of rhizomes.

[0007] The third technical solution of this invention is a method for regulating the growth of konjac, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The above-mentioned coating agent composition for regulating konjac growth was applied to the surface of konjac corms to obtain coated corms.

[0009] The coated bulbs are placed in plastic film and sown using a single-row, single-pit planting method.

[0010] After the bulbs are coated, a buffer layer is laid on top of the plastic film, and then the soil moisture is adjusted to 50-60% before covering with film.

[0011] Spray chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride during the leaf expansion stage of konjac, and spray naphthaleneacetic acid during the seedling stage of konjac.

[0012] After the new konjac corms have been topped, the roots are irrigated with treatment solution A.

[0013] Spray treatment solution B at the beginning of the konjac's expansion period, and apply foliar fertilizer solution 10-25 days later.

[0014] Treatment solution A comprises 20-40 mg / L NAA + 100-200 mg / L IAA + 40-80 mg / L quinacrine + 120-180 mg / L sec-butylamine + 10-20 mg / L LABA. Treatment solution B comprises 10% chlormequat chloride at a dilution of 1500-2000 times + 85% butyrylhydrazine at a dilution of 2000-3000 times + 69-104 mg / L mepiquat chloride + 40-50 mg / L IAA.

[0015] In this invention, the konjac bulb is a two- or three-year-old bulb of white konjac or hybrid konjac.

[0016] In this invention, the steps of spraying fungicides and insecticides onto the soil and applying base fertilizer before sowing are also included.

[0017] In this invention, the plastic film is semi-circular, with an opening diameter 5-8 cm larger than the konjac bulb and a depth 1-2 cm greater than the konjac bulb; the bottom of the plastic film is a filter membrane; and the gap between the plastic film and the konjac bulb is filled with sphagnum moss and perlite.

[0018] In this invention, the buffer layer comprises chopped straw or mushroom residue, and at least one of rice straw, straw or dry forage; the thickness of the buffer layer is 1-2 cm.

[0019] In this invention, the covering film is removed after the konjac leaves have fully unfolded.

[0020] In this invention, the foliar fertilizer solution comprises 650-980 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 14-28 mg / L aminoethyl ester + 60-90 mg / L chlorocholine acetic acid.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] (1) The coating agent composition of the present invention can not only provide nutrients and prevent pests and diseases, but also effectively protect against rot and disease caused by physiological rupture at the contact point between the terminal bud and the base of the petiole.

[0023] (2) According to the growth characteristics of konjac, the present invention selects appropriate drug formulas from the early stage of seedling leaf unfolding to the stage of corm expansion to the stage of corm enlargement. It can effectively regulate the growth and material accumulation of the above-ground and underground parts of konjac, promote corm enlargement and increase yield, reduce the number of rhizomes and inhibit their growth potential.

[0024] (3) The method of the present invention includes the design of a semi-circular soft plastic film and filler, the root irrigation (drilling and irrigation) method to suppress axillary buds after the head replacement is completed, and the leaf spraying method to regulate the growth potential of rhizomes during the swelling period. This not only greatly reduces the damage to the growth physiology of konjac caused by the use of pesticides, but also has a significant regulatory effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the konjac bulb used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Photograph of konjac harvested in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 Photograph of konjac harvested in Comparative Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 Photograph of konjac harvested for Comparative Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0032] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0033] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0034] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention can be obtained through commercial channels.

[0036] The first aspect of this invention provides a coating agent composition for regulating the growth of konjac, comprising, by mass percentage: 5-10% acrylic copolymer resin, 10%-20% PEG1000, 0.3%-0.5% potassium humate, 0.2%-0.5% sodium alginate, 0.1%-0.4% chitosan, 0.1%-0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.03%-0.05% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, 0.08%-0.12% chlorothalonil, 0.6%-0.8% triiodobenzoic acid, and 0.01%-0.015% polyoxin; the solvent is water. (That is, 5-10% acrylic copolymer resin + 10%-20% PEG1000 + 0.3%-0.5% potassium humate powder + 0.2%-0.5% sodium alginate + 0.1%-0.4% chitosan + 0.1%-0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose + 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid 1000-1500 times dilution + 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600-800 times dilution + 0.6%-0.8% triiodobenzoic acid + 3) 0% Jinmeirui (dazole mepiquat chloride) 2000-3000 times dilution; the percentages in "50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid", "70% chlorothalonil wettable powder", and "30% Jinmeirui" in this section are dosage specifications, indicating the mass percentage of the active ingredient in the dosage form. Other percentages indicate the mass percentage of that ingredient in the coating formulation; n (number) times dilution means that the content of that ingredient in the coating formulation is equivalent to its dilution n times.

[0037] When preparing the above-mentioned coating agent composition, each component is first dissolved and then added to a plastic basin in sequence to obtain a mixture. Then, the acrylic copolymer resin and PEG1000 are separately prepared and added to the above mixture to obtain a viscous, non-dripping coating agent composition with a pH of 5.0-6.0.

[0038] A second aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned coating agent composition for regulating konjac growth in promoting the enlargement of konjac corms and reducing the number of rhizomes.

[0039] A third aspect of this invention provides a method for regulating the growth of konjac, comprising the following steps:

[0040] The above-mentioned coating agent composition for regulating konjac growth was applied to the surface of konjac corms to obtain coated corms.

[0041] The coated bulbs are placed in plastic film and sown using a single-row, single-ridge planting method.

[0042] After the bulbs are coated, a buffer layer is laid on top of the plastic film, and then the soil moisture is adjusted to 50-60% before covering with film.

[0043] Spray chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride during the leaf expansion stage of konjac, and spray naphthaleneacetic acid and urea during the seedling stage of konjac.

[0044] After the new konjac corms have been replaced, the roots are irrigated with treatment solution A.

[0045] Spray treatment solution B at the beginning of the konjac's expansion period, and apply foliar fertilizer solution 10-25 days later.

[0046] The treatment solution A comprises 20-40 mg / L NAA + 100-200 mg / L IAA + 40-80 mg / L quinacrine + 120-180 mg / L terbutaline + 10-20 mg / L LABA;

[0047] The treatment solution B comprises 50-70 mg / L chlormequat chloride + 280-425 mg / L butyryl hydrazide + 69-104 mg / L mepiquat chloride + 40-50 mg / L IAA.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for regulating the growth of konjac includes the following steps:

[0049] 1. Bulb selection

[0050] In October or November after the konjac harvest, select two- or three-year-old corms of white konjac or hybrid konjac, and divide them into three categories according to weight and size: 50-150g, 150-250g, and 250-400g (generally, the number of rhizomes is positively correlated with the age and size of the corms); promptly break off the lateral rhizomes, and sun-dry them for 3-4 days in a sunny day until the broken ends harden, and finally store them in a seed tuber storage for overwintering.

[0051] 2. Pre-broadcast processing

[0052] Before sowing: ① On a sunny day, place the konjac seeds in the sun to dry for 2-3 days. ② Pre-treat the soil by spraying with a mixture of 20% thiamethoxam (1000-1500 times dilution), 25% azoxystrobin suspension (1000-1500 times dilution), 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate (2000-3000 times dilution), and 10% imidacloprid powder (2000-3000 times dilution) (for sterilization and insect control). ③ Apply sufficient base fertilizer at once, using a combination of chemical and organic fertilizers. Use 30-40 kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 1-2 tons / mu of organic fertilizer, depending on the soil fertility. ④ After applying the base fertilizer, till the soil to ensure even distribution of fertilizers and pesticides across all soil layers.

[0053] 3. Seed tuber wrapping treatment

[0054] In late February and early March, the dormancy of konjac tubers largely ends, and axillary and adventitious buds begin to sprout. At this time, wrapping the tubers with the aforementioned coating agent composition can inhibit or delay the differentiation of these buds, thus reducing the formation of rhizomes. Simultaneously, applying the coating agent composition to the base of the petiole and the contact point with the terminal bud helps to wrap and fix the petiole, preventing physiological rupture at the base of the petiole due to the swelling of the terminal bud, which can lead to rot and tuber collapse. Furthermore, the coating agent composition also provides nutrients for the growth and expansion of the konjac tubers.

[0055] After the coating agent composition is prepared, promptly use a small spatula to apply the composition evenly to the entire surface of the konjac corm, taking care not to scratch the corm's skin during application. Simultaneously, use the coating agent composition to fill in the bud sockets and the base of the terminal bud, leveling it with the top of the corm. After application, arrange the corms in a plastic basket and allow them to air dry in a shady place.

[0056] 4. Semi-circular flexible plastic film

[0057] After the coating agent composition applied to the bulb surface has dried, place the bulb in a semi-circular soft plastic film. The diameter of the plastic film should be customized according to the size of the bulb, preferably 5-8 cm larger than the bulb diameter, and the depth should be slightly higher than the top of the bulb by 1-2 cm. The bottom of the plastic film has a micro-capillary permeable membrane, allowing rainwater to slowly seep in. The bottom filter membrane is concave inward by 0.5-1 cm (this concave design keeps the bottom of the bulb suspended, preventing direct contact with the soil surface and thus rotting). Place the plastic film and the seed tuber (the konjac bulb coated with the coating agent composition) together in the dug pit. Then fill the gaps between the semi-circular plastic film and the bulb with sphagnum moss and perlite (volume ratio 1:1-2), ensuring the gaps are completely filled. The sphagnum moss and perlite help accumulate and fix the coating agent composition, facilitating its efficacy. The plastic film can be reused for 3-5 years and also effectively facilitates the harvesting of konjac.

[0058] 5. Planting in pits

[0059] Depending on the temperature, sowing generally begins from late March to mid-April, using a single-row, single-ridge planting method. The plant spacing should be 20-40cm, and the sowing depth 15-25cm, depending on the size of the bulbs. After laying the buffer layer, mound soil on top, about 10cm above the ground. The ridge width and furrow width should both be 40-60cm. The diameter of the planting hole is generally 10-20cm, depending on the size of the selected semi-circular soft plastic film. Single-row, single-ridge planting facilitates later application of pesticides and root irrigation.

[0060] 6. Lay a buffer layer

[0061] Spread chopped straw or mushroom residue on the top of the plastic film, making sure it is level with the top of the dug pit; then spread a layer of rice straw, stalks or dry pasture evenly along the ridge at the top of the pit, with a thickness of 1-2 cm. This will allow for ventilation and facilitate rainwater infiltration, and will also make it easier to apply pesticides to the roots later.

[0062] 7. Lamination

[0063] After sowing konjac in late March to mid-April, measure the soil moisture at a depth of 20-30cm. Generally, the soil is loose and moist at sowing time. If the moisture is too low (<50%), adjust the soil moisture using drip irrigation or micro-sprinklers on a sunny day or on a rainy day. After allowing the soil to dry for 1-2 days, cover the ridges and sides with black plastic film. In the early stages, control the soil moisture at a depth of 20-30cm to 50%-60%. During leaf expansion, the moisture can be increased by 10%-20%. Remove the plastic film after the leaves have fully expanded. Covering with film serves two purposes: first, it increases soil temperature, promoting earlier emergence; second, it prevents excessive moisture caused by continuous rain, which could lead to premature removal or dissolution of the coating agent, affecting its function of inhibiting terminal buds and protecting the base of the petiole.

[0064] 8. Controlling the growth of aboveground parts during the leaf expansion stage

[0065] In early to mid-June after bulb sowing, during the leaf expansion stage of konjac, the leaf buds are in a rapid elongation phase. When the leaf buds have fully emerged from the bud buds but the small lobes have not yet unfolded, depending on the size of the bulb, pesticides can be applied when the petiole height is 20-40cm to prevent excessive growth of the above-ground parts, thus forming a sturdy plant and promoting underground accumulation. When spraying, it is important to note that at this stage, the small lobes have not yet unfolded, and the leaf buds are tightly wrapped by the small lobes (although the tips of the small lobes usually begin to open first). A handheld long-nozzle sprayer can be used to aim at the tips of the small lobes and spray evenly and slowly from top to bottom. Care should be taken not to apply too much pressure to avoid damaging the leaf buds. The number of sprays should be such that pesticide seeps out from the bottom, and a second spray should be applied after an interval of 7-10 days. Reagent: 50% chlormequat chloride at a dilution of 1000-1500 times + 20-40 mg / L mepiquat chloride (i.e., 330-500 mg / L chlormequat chloride + 20-40 mg / L mepiquat chloride).

[0066] 9. Topdressing seedlings

[0067] When the konjac plant has fully expanded its leaves or has basically completed its head formation in late June to mid-July, apply appropriate nitrogen fertilizer and growth hormones to change the color of the leaflets from yellowish-green to bluish-green, promoting photosynthesis and the growth of new roots. Apply 6-8 kg of urea per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), using a foliar spray at a concentration of 0.2%-0.4%, sprayed together with 0.05-0.1 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid. The spray should be applied until water droplets drip from the leaves. Spraying should be done on sunny mornings between 8-9 am or afternoons between 5-6 pm, and repeat the spraying after 7-10 days.

[0068] 10. Growth control of underground parts during the molting-expansion stage

[0069] Generally, from late June to mid-July, the konjac bulb completes its entire corm regeneration process, with the seed bulb completely decaying and shriveling. At this time, the small lobes fully unfold, and the leaf color gradually changes from light green to dark green; new bulbs of two years and older have accumulated a certain amount of nutrients, and the axillary buds in the upper part of the bulb begin to form lateral roots, which gradually grow and eventually form rhizomes. Therefore, during this period, controlling the growth of rhizomes on the upper part of the bulb with pesticides can achieve significant results. Specifically:

[0070] (1) Inhibit the development of rhizomes in the upper part of the bulb.

[0071] After the new bulb has regenerated, the axillary buds in the upper part of the bulb begin to grow and quickly enter a vigorous growth period. Axillary buds are densely packed near the growing point around the bud socket, and most rhizomes originate from this area, accounting for an average of over 82.4% of the total rhizomes. Timely use of chemicals to regulate the axillary buds and inhibit their proliferation is crucial. Treatment is done by root drenching. During root drenching, depending on the position of the petiole and the diameter of the plastic film, use a small handheld punch to make 2-3 rings of holes around the base of the petiole, with 4-6 holes in each ring. The spacing between adjacent rings of holes is set at 2-4 cm depending on the size of the bulb. The distance between the innermost ring of holes and the petiole depends on the diameter of the plastic film, but can be within the radius of the plastic film. The hole diameter is 2 cm, and the hole depth is approximately 10 cm.

[0072] Before pouring in the treatment solution, insert a plastic tube of the same diameter into the drilled hole. The diameter of the tube should narrow about 0.2-0.4 cm about 1 cm from the end, ensuring the lower end touches the straw or other buffer layer. Pour about 15-20 mL of treatment solution into each hole. After the solution has seeped in, pour in another layer. Once all the solution has been poured in, remove the plastic tube and seal the hole with soil to prevent rainwater leakage and maintain efficacy. Perform the root irrigation on a sunny morning between 8-9 am or afternoon between 5-6 pm, repeating every 5-7 days for a total of 3 applications. Treatment solution A: 20-40 mg / L NAA + 100-200 mg / L IAA + 40-80 mg / L chloroquine + 36% terbufotalin diluted 2000-3000 times + 10-20 mg / L LABA (i.e., 20-40 mg / L NAA + 100-200 mg / L IAA + 40-80 mg / L chloroquine + 120-180 mg / L terbufotalin + 10-20 mg / L LABA). In this way, the rapidly growing lateral rhizomes in the upper part of the bulb can be quickly inhibited because their apical buds and surrounding growing points are more sensitive to auxins, with an average inhibition rate of over 79.63% (the inhibition rate is calculated as the average number of lateral rhizomes on the treated bulb / the average number of lateral rhizomes on a conventional bulb).

[0073] (2) Regulate the growth potential of the lateral rhizomes around the bulb

[0074] The rhizomes that develop laterally around the bulb generally only enter the growth and accumulation stage in late July. Therefore, they are less inhibited by the above-mentioned treatment solution, and the resulting rhizomes are often too long and thick, affecting the size and shape of the bulb, which is extremely unfavorable for excavation and transportation. In addition to a small portion remaining at the upper part of the bulb, some of these later-developing rhizomes are lateral rhizomes growing in the middle of the bulb, and a small number are also growing at the bottom of the bulb. These rhizomes generally account for only 10%-20% of the total number of rhizomes. Therefore, their growth vigor is regulated to prevent excessive growth.

[0075] Timely regulation in early August resulted in rhizome growth being reduced to only 1 / 3-1 / 4 of its original level, demonstrating a significant regulatory effect. Foliar spraying was used for regulation, applying treatment solution B on sunny mornings between 8-9 am or afternoons between 5-6 pm, with a repeat application after 10-15 days. Treatment solution B consisted of: 10% chlormequat chloride at a dilution of 1500-2000 times + 85% butyrylhydrazine at a dilution of 2000-3000 times + 20.8% mepiquat chloride at a dilution of 2000-3000 times + 40-50 mg / L IAA (i.e., 50-70 mg / L chlormequat chloride + 280-425 mg / L butyrylhydrazine + 69-104 mg / L mepiquat chloride + 40-50 mg / L IAA).

[0076] 11. Topdressing during the fruit enlargement stage

[0077] Apply foliar fertilizer solution in late August to promote rapid growth and expansion of underground bulbs. Spray on sunny mornings (8-9 am) or afternoons (5-6 pm), ensuring water droplets drip from the leaves. Repeat the application after 7-10 days. Foliar fertilizer solution: 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1000-1500 times dilution) + 2.8% aminoethyl ester powder (1000-2000 times dilution) + 18% chlorocholinenaphthaleneacetic acid (2000-3000 times dilution) (i.e., 650-980 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 14-28 mg / L aminoethyl ester + 60-90 mg / L chlorocholinenaphthaleneacetic acid).

[0078] 12. Harvesting of seed potatoes

[0079] Harvesting of konjac tubers typically takes place 10-15 days after the plant's initial wilting, usually around the time of the first frost. Harvesting should be done on sunny days when the soil is relatively dry. Handle the tubers gently during harvesting, allowing them to dry in the sun as you dig, taking care not to damage the skin to prevent bacterial infection. Fresh tubers are graded by size; those weighing over 400g are sold as marketable tubers. Tubers weighing less than 400g (50-150-250-400g) are selected for seed production and as mother tubers. Rhizomes are used for propagating seed production.

[0080] The planting site in this embodiment of the invention is a gentle slope in the mid-altitude area of ​​the southern Shaanxi mountainous region at an altitude of over 780 meters. The soil layer is 40-50cm thick, the soil is sandy loam, the soil organic matter exceeds 3%, the rainfall is 800-1000mm, the rainfall is relatively abundant, and the summer sunshine duration is 7-9 hours, so shading and intercropping are required.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] (1) Bulb selection

[0083] Select two-year-old hybrid konjac tubers harvested in October or November of the current year. Promptly remove the lateral rhizomes and sun-dry them for 3-4 days in sunny weather until the cut ends harden. Finally, store them in a seed tuber storage facility for overwintering, with a weight of 50-100g (e.g., ...). Figure 1(As shown).

[0084] (2) Pre-broadcast processing

[0085] Before sowing the following year, the bulbs were dried in the sun for 3 days. At the same time, the soil was pretreated by spraying with a mixture of 20% thiabendazole copper oxychloride (1000 times dilution), 25% azoxystrobin suspension (1500 times dilution), 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate (2000 times dilution), and 10% imidacloprid powder (2000 times dilution). After that, 30 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 6:1:8) and 1 ton / mu of organic fertilizer were applied as base fertilizer. After applying the base fertilizer, the plot was tilled once with a rotary tiller.

[0086] (3) Seed tuber wrapping treatment

[0087] In mid-to-late February, the konjac tubers dried in step (2) were coated with a coating agent composition. The composition of the coating agent composition was as follows: 7% acrylic copolymer resin + 10% PEG1000 + 0.3% potassium humate powder + 0.2% sodium alginate + 0.1% chitosan + 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose + 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid 1000 times dilution + 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times dilution + 0.6% triiodobenzoic acid + 30% cymoxanil 2000 times dilution, pH 5.8.

[0088] After the coating agent composition is prepared, promptly use a small spatula to apply the composition evenly to the entire bulb, taking care not to scratch the bulb's surface. Simultaneously, use the coating agent composition to fill in the bud sockets and the base of the terminal bud, leveling it with the top of the bulb. After application, place the bulbs in a plastic basket and allow them to air dry in a shady place.

[0089] (4) Semi-circular flexible plastic film

[0090] Customize a semi-circular soft plastic film with a diameter of 12cm and a depth of 6-8cm. The bottom of the plastic film has a micro-capillary permeable membrane that allows rainwater to slowly seep in. The filter membrane is recessed inward by 0.5cm. Place the bulb in the semi-circular soft plastic film and sprinkle sphagnum moss and perlite (volume ratio 1:1) in the gap between the plastic film and the bulb.

[0091] (5) Piling and planting

[0092] Sowing was carried out in late March using a single-row, single-ridge planting method with a plant spacing of 20cm (the distance between the terminal buds of two bulbs), a sowing depth of 15cm, a ridge width of 40cm, a furrow width of 50cm, and a pit diameter of 15cm. The semi-circular soft plastic film containing the bulbs, sphagnum moss, and perlite from step (4) was placed into the pit.

[0093] (6) Lay a buffer layer

[0094] Spread chopped straw on the top of the plastic film until it is level with the top of the pit, and then lay a layer of dry grass along the ridges on the pit, with an average thickness of 1.0 cm.

[0095] (7) Covering

[0096] After sowing konjac in early April, the soil moisture at a depth of 20cm was measured to be between 50% and 60%, which is suitable for seedling germination. The ridges and side beds were covered with black plastic film. During the leaf expansion period, drip irrigation was used to appropriately increase the humidity by 10% to 20%. The plastic film was removed after the leaves expanded.

[0097] (8) Controlling the growth of aboveground parts during the leaf expansion stage

[0098] In early June, the leaf buds have fully emerged from the bud buds, but the small leaflets have not yet unfolded, and the petiole height is generally between 20-25cm. At this time, the above-ground parts are uniformly regulated using a pesticide. The regulation method is to spray the pesticide twice, with an interval of 7-10 days between the two sprays (spray evenly and slowly from top to bottom, being careful not to apply too much pressure to avoid damaging the leaf buds, and spraying until the pesticide seeps out from the bottom). Pesticide: 50% chlormequat chloride 1000 times dilution + 20mg / L mepiquat chloride.

[0099] (9) Topdressing of seedlings

[0100] In early to mid-July (when the regrowth is basically complete, the small lobes have mostly unfolded, and the leaf color has gradually changed from yellowish-green to bluish-green), apply nitrogen fertilizer and growth hormone. Apply 6 kg of urea per mu (667 square meters). The urea should be applied by spraying at a concentration of 0.2% with 0.05 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid. The spraying should be done until water droplets drip from the leaves. Repeat the spraying after 7-10 days.

[0101] (10) The underground part controls the growth of the morphological stage-swelling stage.

[0102] 1) Inhibit the development of rhizomes in the upper and middle parts of the bulb.

[0103] After the new bulbs have been topped, use a root drenching method. Using a small handheld punch, make two concentric circles of four holes around the base of the petiole. The distance between the inner and outer circles should be 2cm. The innermost hole should be within the radius of the plastic film. The hole diameter should be 2cm, and the depth approximately 10cm. After drilling, insert a graduated plastic tube of the same diameter into each hole (the tube narrows about 0.2-0.4cm from the end), ensuring the lower end touches the straw used as a buffer layer. Pour approximately 15-20cm of treatment solution into each hole. After the solution has seeped in, pour in another batch. After finishing, leave the graduated tube in its original position and seal the top with plastic film for future use. Drench the roots every 5-7 days, for a total of three applications. Treatment solution A: 20 mg / L NAA + 100 mg / L IAA + 45 mg / L quinacrine + 36% sec-butylamine 2000 times dilution + 10 mg / L LABA.

[0104] 2) Regulate the growth vigor of the lateral rhizomes around the bulb

[0105] In early August, timely regulation of the growth vigor of the bulb and its rhizomes was carried out using foliar spray treatment. Spraying was performed on sunny mornings between 8-9 am or afternoons between 5-6 pm, with a repeat application after 10-15 days. Treatment solution B consisted of 10% chlormequat chloride at a dilution of 1500 times + 85% butyrylhydrazine at a dilution of 2000 times + 20.8% methomyl at a dilution of 2000 times + 40 mg / L IAA.

[0106] (11) Topdressing during the fruit enlargement period

[0107] Applying foliar fertilizer solution in late August can rapidly promote the growth and enlargement of underground bulbs. Spraying should be done on a sunny morning between 8-9 am, ideally until water droplets appear on the leaves. Repeat the spraying after 8 days. Foliar fertilizer solution: 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1000x dilution) + 2.8% aminoethyl ester powder (2000x dilution) + 18% chlorochloronaphthaleneacetic acid (3000x dilution).

[0108] (12) Harvesting of seed potatoes

[0109] Harvest the konjac 10-15 days after the seedlings wither (around the time of the first frost). Choose a sunny day and a relatively dry time for harvesting (handle the konjac gently while digging and drying it, being careful not to damage the skin to avoid bacterial infection). Grade the fresh konjac taro according to size. Those weighing over 400g can be sold as commercial taro. Select corms weighing 50-150-250-400g as production seeds and mother seeds, and use rhizomes to propagate production seeds.

[0110] The konjac harvested in this embodiment is shown in the following image. Figure 2 As shown. By Figure 2It can be seen that the konjac corms have good expansion and marketability, short rhizomes with an average of about 10, and the average weight of the corms is more than 3 times that of the average weight of the rhizomes.

[0111] Comparative Example 1

[0112] Conventional planting method: The most common konjac planting pattern is konjac-corn intercropping, which involves selecting the site, selecting seeds, digging furrows and applying base fertilizer (or spreading base fertilizer evenly throughout the entire plot), then sowing seed tubers, creating ridges, sowing corn on both sides of the ridges, weeding, and spraying pesticides. Regular water and fertilizer management continues until the seedlings die back and are harvested. (In this comparative example, the planting site and konjac tuber selection are the same as in Example 1.)

[0113] The photos of the konjac harvested in this comparative proportion are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. By Figure 3 It can be seen that when konjac is planted in the conventional way, without any regulation of its growth, the resulting rhizomes are mostly thin and long, with an average of more than 22 tubers, which seriously affects the marketability of the tubers.

[0114] Comparative Example 2

[0115] The only difference from Example 1 is that step (3) of wrapping the seed taro is omitted.

[0116] Comparative Example 3

[0117] The only difference from Example 1 is that in step (10), 1) suppressing the growth of rhizomes in the upper part of the bulb is not treated with treatment solution A.

[0118] Comparative Example 4

[0119] The only difference from Example 1 is that in step (10), the treatment solution B is not used in step 2) to regulate the growth of rhizomes in the lower part of the bulb.

[0120] The photos of the konjac harvested in this comparative proportion are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0121] The tuber enlargement and proliferation rates of hybrid konjac after harvesting in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1

[0123]

[0124] Note: In the table,

[0125] 1. Bulb enlargement ratio: Average weight of new bulbs / Average weight of bulbs sown;

[0126] 2. Multiplication factor: The number of rhizomes growing laterally from the new bulb;

[0127] 3. Taro rhizome length: The length of the rhizome after it has been separated from the corm;

[0128] 4. Average weight of taro tubers: the total fresh weight of 30 randomly selected taro tubers / the number of taro tubers;

[0129] 5. Corm / Rhizome: The ratio of the average weight of new corms to the average weight of lateral rhizomes (average weight of taro rhizomes);

[0130] 6. Disease incidence rate: (Number of bulbs sown - Number of bulbs harvested) / Number of bulbs sown.

[0131] Table 1. Statistical Sampling Method: Five locations were randomly selected for each treatment, and each location was excavated to a depth of 1m. 2 Then, the bulbs and taro rhizomes harvested from the five sites were counted and averaged.

[0132] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coating agent composition for promoting the enlargement of konjac corms and reducing the number of rhizomes, characterized in that, By mass percentage, the raw material composition includes: 5-10% acrylic copolymer resin, 10%-20% PEG1000, 0.3%-0.5% potassium humate, 0.2%-0.5% sodium alginate, 0.1%-0.4% chitosan, 0.1%-0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.03%-0.05% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, 0.08%-0.12% chlorothalonil, 0.6%-0.8% triiodobenzoic acid, and 0.01%-0.015% polyoxinium methylphenidate; The pH of the coating pharmaceutical composition is 5.0-6.

0.

2. A method for promoting the enlargement of konjac corms and reducing the number of rhizomes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The coating agent composition for promoting the enlargement of konjac corms and reducing the number of rhizomes as described in claim 1 is applied to the surface of konjac corms to obtain coated corms. The application of the coating agent composition wraps and fixes the base of the petiole and the contact area with the terminal bud. The coated bulbs are placed in plastic film and sown using a single-row, single-pit planting method. After the bulbs are coated, a buffer layer is laid on top of the plastic film, and then the soil moisture is adjusted to 50-60% before covering with film. Spray chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride at the leaf expansion stage of konjac, with a concentration of 330-500 mg / L chlormequat chloride + 20-40 mg / L mepiquat chloride. Spray until the pesticide seeps out from the lower end of the small leaf lobes. Repeat the spraying after 7-10 days. Spray naphthaleneacetic acid and urea at the seedling stage of konjac, with 6-8 kg of urea per mu. Apply urea by spraying at a concentration of 0.2%-0.4%, and spray it together with 0.05-0.1 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid. Spray until water droplets drip from the leaf surface. Choose to spray in the early morning of a sunny day at 8-9 am or in the afternoon at 5-6 pm. Repeat the spraying after 7-10 days. After the new konjac corms have been topped, the roots are irrigated with treatment solution A. Spray treatment solution B at the beginning of the konjac's expansion period, and apply foliar fertilizer solution 10-25 days later. The treatment solution A comprises 20-40 mg / L NAA + 100-200 mg / L IAA + 40-80 mg / L quinacrine + 120-180 mg / L terbutaline + 10-20 mg / L LABA; The treatment solution B comprises 50-70 mg / L chlormequat chloride + 280-425 mg / L butyryl hydrazide + 69-104 mg / L mepiquat chloride + 40-50 mg / L IAA; The foliar fertilizer solution comprises 650-980 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 14-28 mg / L aminoethyl ester + 60-90 mg / L chlorocholenaphthaleneacetic acid; The konjac bulbs are two- or three-year-old bulbs of white konjac or hybrid konjac.

3. The method for promoting konjac corm enlargement and reducing rhizome quantity according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before sowing, the process also includes spraying the soil with fungicides and insecticides, as well as applying base fertilizer.

4. The method for promoting konjac corm enlargement and reducing rhizome quantity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plastic film is semi-circular, with an opening diameter 5-8 cm larger than the konjac bulb and a depth 1-2 cm greater than the konjac bulb; the bottom of the plastic film is a filter membrane; the gap between the plastic film and the konjac bulb is filled with sphagnum moss and perlite.

5. The method for promoting konjac corm enlargement and reducing rhizome quantity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer layer includes chopped straw or mushroom residue, and at least one of rice straw, straw or dry forage; the thickness of the buffer layer is 1-2 cm.

6. The method for promoting konjac corm enlargement and reducing rhizome quantity according to claim 2, characterized in that, Once the konjac leaves have fully unfurled, remove the covering film.

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